Digital Commons Network^™

Induction Of Plant Defense Gene Expression By Plant Activators And Pseudomonas Syringae Pv. Tomato In Greenhouse-Grown Tomatoes, Maryann Herman, J. K. Davidson, C. D. Smart

Biology Faculty/Staff Publications

Plant activators provide an appealing management option for bacterial diseases of greenhouse-grown tomatoes. Two types of plant activators, one that induces systemic acquired resistance (SAR) and a second that activates induced systemic resistance (ISR), were evaluated for control of Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato and effect on plant defense gene activation. Benzothiadiazole (BTH, SAR-inducing compound) effectively reduced bacterial speck incidence and severity, both alone and in combination with the ISR-inducing product. Application of BTH also led to elevated activation of salicylic acid and ethylene-mediated responses, based on real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis of marker gene expression levels. In contrast, the ISR-inducing …

Refuge Update – November/December 2008, Volume 5, Number 6

RefugeUpdate (USFWS-NWRS)

Table of Contents:

Do-It-Yourself Project Makes Sparks, page 3 The Departments of the Interior and Energy spotlight San Andres Refuge’s innovative (and largely homemade) renewable energy program.

In Oregon, a Refuge Teaches Teachers, page 5 Tualatin River National Wildlife Refuge’s ambitious environmental education program acquires a solid reputation.

Focus on . . . International Conservation, pages 6-11 National resource managers around the world look to the Refuge System for on-the-scene advice and training.

Taking Pride, page 16 A former refuge complex project leader in Texas and a super-volunteer in Georgia win 2008 Take Pride in America Awards.

Abrupt Transition From A Free, Repulsive To A Condensed, Attractive Dna Phase, Induced By Multivalent Polyamine Cations, Xiangyun Qiu, Kurt Andresen, Jessica S. Lamb, Lisa W. Kwok, Lois Pollack

Physics and Astronomy Faculty Publications

We have investigated the energetics of DNA condensation by multivalent polyamine cations. Solution small angle x-ray scattering was used to monitor interactions between short 25 base pair dsDNA strands in the free supernatant DNA phase that coexists with the condensed DNA phase. Interestingly, when tetravalent spermine is used, significant inter-DNA repulsion is observed in the free phase, in contrast with the presumed inter-DNA attraction in the coexisting condensed phase. DNA condensation thus appears to be a discrete, first-order-like, transition from a repulsive gaseous to an attractive condensed solid phase, in accord with the reported all-or-none condensation of giant DNA. We …

Live Release Of A Bigeye Sand Tiger Odontaspis Noronhai (Elasmobranchii: Lamniformes) In The Western North Atlantic Ocean, David W. Kerstetter, Mae Taylor

Marine & Environmental Sciences Faculty Articles

No abstract provided.

Antibody Responses Of Cervids (Cervus Elaphus) Following Experimental Mycobacterium Bovis Infection And The Implications For Immunodiagnosis, Noel P. Harrington, Om P. Surujballi, John F. Prescott, J. Robert Duncan, W. Ray Waters, Konstantin Lyashchenko, Rena Greenwald

Michigan Bovine Tuberculosis Bibliography and Database

Captive and free-ranging wildlife animals are implicated in the maintenance and transmission of bovine tuberculosis and therefore pose a significant obstacle to eradication of the disease from domestic livestock. The current antemortem diagnostic method, the intradermal tuberculin skin test, is impractical for routine use with many wild animals. Antibody-based assays are particularly attractive because the animals are handled only once and immediate processing of the sample is not required. This report characterizes the antibody responses of red deer-elk hybrids (Cervus elaphus) against Mycobacterium bovis and subsequently evaluates the diagnostic performance of select antigens in a rapid-test format. Sequential …

Educational Motivation In Heritage Speakers Of Spanish, Benoit B. Berho

Doctor of Education (EdD)

This study examined the themes associated with the lack of motivation for school in middle school students, specifically among Heritage Speakers of Spanish. The researcher used two methods to examine student and parent attitudes and beliefs about school and education, as attitudes and beliefs are strongly linked to motivation. The researcher did face-to-face interviews of Mexican parents with direct questions about education and school, and asked middle school students of Mexican descent to read the first part of a short selection about a Mexican immigrant boy in school, then complete the story using their imagination. The researcher compiled the parents' …

Blood Pressure Lowering And Vasomodulator Effects Of Piperine, Syed Intasar Husain Taqvi, Abdul Jabbar Shah, Anwar Gilani

Department of Biological & Biomedical Sciences

This study was aimed to explore underlying mechanism(s) of cardiovascular effects of piperine. Intravenous administration of piperine caused a dose-dependent (1 to 10 mg/kg) decrease in mean arterial pressure (MAP) in normotensive anesthetized rats, the next higher dose (30 mg/kg) did not cause any further change in MAP. The fall in blood pressure (BP) was followed by small increase in MAP after each dose. In Langendorrf's rabbit heart preparation, piperine caused partial inhibition and verapamil caused complete inhibition of force and rate of ventricular contractions and coronary flow. In rabbit aortic rings, piperine inhibited high K(+) (80 mM) precontractions and …

Uwlaw, Fall 2008, Vol. 58

Alumni Magazines

No abstract provided.

Genetic Change Following Fire In Populations Of A Seed-Banking Perennial Plant, Rebecca W. Dolan, Pedro F. Quintana-Ascencio, Eric S. Menges

Scholarship and Professional Work - LAS

Disturbances such as fire have the potential to remove genetic variation, but seed banks may counter this loss by restoring alleles through a reservoir effect. We used allozyme analysis to characterize genetic change in two populations of the perennial Hypericum cumulicola, an endemic of the fire-prone Florida scrub. We assessed genetic variation before and 1, 2, and 3 years after fire that killed nearly all aboveground plants. Populations increased in size following fire, with most seedlings likely recruited from a persistent seed bank. Four of five loci were variable. Most alleles were present in low frequencies, but our large sample …

Cave Research Foundation Newsletter, Volume 36, No. 4, November 2008, William Payne

Cave Research Foundation Newsletter

Contents: CRF Fundraiser -- The William L. Wilson Scholarship in Karst Science -- Regional Expedition Reports -- 2008-2009 Expedition Calendar -- Cave Books

Prediction Of Anti-Hiv Activity Of Flavanoid Constituents Through Pass, Muthiah Maridass Et Al.

Ethnobotanical Leaflets

Prediction of Activity Spectra for Substances (PASS), a new computer program, has been generated to evaluate the biological activity of four major flavanoids from a medicinal herb, Boesenbergia pandurata Holtt. (Zingiberaceae). Principal anti-HIV and other biological activities of pinostrobin, pinocembrin, cardamonin and alpinetin were predicted through PASS, their similarity and difference in the mechanisms of action with reference to accessory biological activities have been compared (Tables 1-4) and verified with the available data on pharmacological and toxicological activity of these compounds.

Antibacterial Effect Of Some Plant Extracts On Selected Enterobacteriaceae, I. O. Sule, T. O. Agbabiaka

Ethnobotanical Leaflets

Vernonia amygdalina (Bitterleaf), Eucalyptus citriodora (Eucalypt) and Phyllanthus amarus (Schum) were investigated for their antibacterial properties against pure cultures of clinical isolates of Escherichia coli, Klebsiella sp., Salmonella sp. and Shigella sp. The isolates were obtained from dept of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology of the University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital. Water and Ethanol were used in the crude extractions of the active constituents of the plants. Broth dilution and Agar diffusion methods were used in determining the antibacterial effects of the different plant extracts on the test organisms. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the water extracts on the test …

Who Cares About Polar Regions? Results From A Survey Of U.S. Public Opinion, Lawrence C. Hamilton

Sociology

Abstract

What do members of the general public know about polar regions, and how much do they care? Who knows or cares? This paper explores data from the General Social Survey (GSS), which in 2006 questioned a representative sample of more than 1800 U.S. adults about their knowledge and opinions concerning polar regions. The polar survey items were modeled on long-running GSS assessments of general science knowledge and opinions, recently summarized in the U.S. National Science Board's report Science and Engineering Indicators 2008. Polar knowledge proves to be limited but certainly not absent among survey respondents. Polar knowledge, general science …

End Matter, Jmasm Editors

Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods

No abstract provided.

Road Ecology Course And Seminar Series, Mark D. Sytsma

TREC Final Reports

The American road network is a major economic investment that is a major organizing force for human activity. The road system has profoundly altered ecological processes and, as a result, it is also an important organizing force for ecosystems. Understanding the ecological consequences of road system design and use is critical to effective engineering and management of road systems to minimize impacts. I propose a new course within Environmental Science and Resources at PSU that will expose upper division undergraduate and graduate students to the fundamental concepts of road ecology through discussion, guest speakers, and field trips. I propose a …

Childhood Lymphohematopoietic Cancer Incidence And Hazardous Air Pollutants In Southeast Texas, 1995–2004, Kristina W. Whitworth, Elaine Symanski, Ann L. Coker

CRVAW Faculty Journal Articles

BACKGROUND: Cancer is the second leading cause of death among U.S. children with few known risk factors. There is increasing interest in the role of air pollutants, including benzene and 1,3-butadiene, in the etiology of childhood cancers.

OBJECTIVE: Our goal was to assess whether census tracts with the highest benzene or 1,3-butadiene ambient air levels have increased childhood lymphohematopoietic cancer incidence.

METHODS: Our ecologic analysis included 977 cases of childhood lymphohematopoietic cancer diagnosed from 1995–2004. We obtained the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s 1999 modeled estimates of benzene and 1,3-butadiene for 886 census tracts surrounding Houston, Texas. We ran Poisson regression …

A Systematic Approach Towards Developing A Philosophy Of Engineering: Engineers Dancing With Philosophers, Mike Murphy

Presentations

No abstract provided.

Que Ondee Sola - November 2008, Xavier Luis Burgos

Que Ondee Sola

Student publication founded in 1972, articles include: The Latina/o Status at NEIU, Proposal for a Latina/o Cultural & Resource Center, Latinaa/o Students Speak Out, Albizu-Zapata Portable One, The Latina/o Status at Loyola University, Th Bassment: A Space or Hip Hop, Celestino Underground Artist, Profile Mirta Ramirez, Aspira & Batey Urbano Celebrate Latina/os, Poetry

Analysis Of Large-Scale Ocean Bottom Pressure Variability In The North Pacific, Don P. Chambers, Josh K. Willis

Marine Science Faculty Publications

[1] We use the leading empirical orthogonal functions (EOFs) of ocean bottom pressure (OBP) derived from an ocean model and the technique of EOF reconstruction to reduce noise in the large-scale OBP variations derived from the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE). The subsequent OBP variations from the model and GRACE are then examined in the North Pacific between January 2003 and May 2007. Although annual and semiannual variations are similar, GRACE observes large interannual fluctuations poleward of 30°, where OBP increases from a low of nearly 3 cm below normal in early 2003 to normal throughout 2004 and 2005, …

Interaction Of Color And Sugar Concentration Preference With Aggression In Monteverde Cloud Forest Hummingbirds (Trochilidae), November 2008, Laurel Anne Mundy

Monteverde Institute: Tropical Ecology and Conservation

In Monteverde, Costa Rica, a number of hummingbird species coexist that are extremely important for pollination. Hummingbirds may prefer flowers of a certain color because they associate it with a higher nectar reward. They also may be territorial and defend especially rich food sources, dominant birds driving away all subordinates. The purpose of this study was to investigate color and sugar concentration preference in hummingbirds using artificial feeders, and to determine whether dominance and aggression has an effect on food choice. Many hummingbird-pollinated flowers are red, so I hypothesized that all species would show a preference, and predicted that all …

Regulation Of Photosynthetic Pigments In Tropical Understory And Gaps, November 2008, Maiken Westphal

Monteverde Institute: Tropical Ecology and Conservation

A plant can manipulate its absolute and relative amounts of photosynthetic pigments in different light environments (Hopkins, 1995, Goncalves and Vieira, 2001). Leaf samples from ten gap and ten understory plants were collected from Calyptrogyne brachystachys (Arecaceae), Heliconia monteverdensis (Heliconiaceae), and Piper ariteum (Piperaceae), and their chlorophylls a, b, and carotenoid concentrations were found. The total concentration of chlorophylls a, b, total chlorophyll and carotenoids were significantly higher (p = <0.05) in the understory leaf samples of C. brachystachys and P. auriteum, but higher in the gap samples of H. monteverdensis. Ratios of chlorophyll a to chlorophyll b were significantly greater for gap samples of all three species. A higher concentration of chlorophyll and carotenoids in the understory plants of C. brachystachys and P. auriteum suggests they are adjusting the absolute and relative amounts of pigments to make use of sparse light in the understory. H. monteverdensis utilizes its photosynthetic pigments slightly differently, acting much like a canopy plant.

Water Use, Wastewater Disposal, And Water Conservation Attitudes In The Monteverde Zone, November 2008, Jenna Rasmusson

Monteverde Institute: Tropical Ecology and Conservation

The residents of the zone of Monteverde, Costa Rica represent a wide array of demographics and other factors such as income, education level, town of residence, and water source, which may impact their water use, wastewater disposal, and water conservation attitudes. In order to study these relationships, a survey was conducted in four different Monteverde towns. The survey consisted of questions on demographic variables, water consumption patterns, methods of disposal, and water shortages, and lastly, addressed attitudes toward water conservation. Data were collected from 64 surveys and analyzed using regression analyses and chi-squared tests. Thirteen significant results and several trends …

Asymmetry Of Floral Structures And The Possibility Of Self-Pollination In Oerstedella Exasperata (Orchidaceae), November 2008, Lindsay Brownell

Monteverde Institute: Tropical Ecology and Conservation

The purpose of this study was to investigate the causes of the pervasive asymmetry found in the neotropical orchid Oerstedella exasperata. Previous studies have found that high levels of asymmetry decrease reproductive success, and can be caused by a high amount of homozygosity within a population. This study tested the ability of O. exasperata to self-pollinate, a condition that indicates the possibility of a high level of homozygosity. In addition, the relationships between three degrees of asymmetry and floral color, floral mass, plant size and sun exposure were investigated to determine whether higher asymmetry is correlated with lower reproductive success …

The Effect Of Reward And Color Pattern On Butterfly Foraging In Lantana Camara (Verbenaceae), November 2008, Jenna Short, Tara Florida

Monteverde Institute: Tropical Ecology and Conservation

Lantana camara has inflorescences composed of young, nectar-producing yellow flowers surrounded by older orange flowers that no longer produce nectar (Moldenke 1973). We examined the relationship between L. camara and its butterfly pollinators to see if the preference for yellow flowers (Peters 1998) is innate or learned. Further, we altered the position of flower color on the inflorescence to see if the normal yellow-centered bull’s eye pattern increased visitation over other patterns. We collected data for butterflies foraging on L. camara with six patterns of yellow and orange flowers by painted these colors on the inflorescences. Next, we watched these …

Hexapod Herald - Vol. 20, No. 5, November 2008

Hexapod Herald and Other Entomology Department Newsletters

Contents:
Congratulations
Welcome
Grants
Publications
Insect Science Open House
Meet a Distance Student
Student News
Travel
Faculty News
From the Office

Graduate Connections- November 2008

Graduate Connections: A Newsletter for UNL Graduate Students

In This Issue:

Click on links to navigate the newsletter

Navigating Graduate School......1

Feeling Like the Last Person on Earth?

Intellectual Community

Good Practices in Graduate

Education....................................3

The Institutional Review Board: An Interview with UNL’s Research Compliance Staff

Teaching Tip .................................4

Socratic Questioning

Essential Connections..................5

New and Improved Graduate Studies Web Site

Professional Development...........5

Preparing for Academic Conferences

The Academic Job Interview: Questions to Help You Prepare

Interactions...................................7

Graduate Students to Be Honored with University Fellowships

What Makes a Competitive Fellowship Application?

GSA News

Funding Opportunities.................9

Announcements..........................11

Current Fellowship Applications

Commencement Changes

LGBTQA Reading Group

Calendar......................................12

Word to the Wise.......................13 …

Therapeutic Challenges Of Multi-Being, Kenneth J. Gergen

Psychology Faculty Works

This paper emerges from an attempt to shift the locus of understanding human action from the individual to relationship. In doing so we come to see persons as multi-beings, that is, as constituted within multiple relationships from which they emerge with multiple, incoherent, and often conflicting potentials. Therapy, in this context, becomes a collaborative relationship with the aim of transforming the client's broader relational network. In this view, schooling in a singular practice of therapy artificially limits the therapist's potential, and thus the possible outcomes of the client–therapist relationship. Invited, then, is a reflective eclecticism, in which the myriad potentials …

Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Markers Are Associated With Obesity In Nondiabetic Subjects, Neeraj K. Sharma, Swapan K. Das, Ashis K. Mondal, Oksana Hackney, Winston S. Chu, Philip A. Kern, Neda Rasouli, Horace J. Spencer, Aiwei Yao-Borengasser, Steven C. Elbein

Clinical and Translational Science Faculty Publications

Objective: Adipocyte and hepatocyte endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress response is activated in dietary and genetic models of obesity in mice. We hypothesized that ER stress was also activated and associated with reduced insulin sensitivity (S_I) in human obesity.

Research Design and Methods: We recruited 78 healthy, nondiabetic individuals over a spectrum of body mass index (BMI) who underwent oral and iv glucose tolerance tests, and fasting sc adipose and muscle biopsies. We tested expression of 18 genes and levels of total and phosphorylated eukaryotic initiation factor 2α, c-jun, and c-Jun N-terminal kinase 1 in adipose tissue. We compared …

Disability, Vulnerability, And The Limits Of Antidiscrimination, Ani B. Satz

Washington Law Review

Despite the passage of the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 (ADA), disabled Americans face substantial barriers to entry into the workplace, lack material supports including health care and transportation, and may not receive reasonable accommodation that best supports their functioning. In addition, individuals with impairments have difficulty qualifying as disabled for disability protections. In light of these problems, some commentators suggest that a civil rights or antidiscrimination approach to disability discrimination—an approach for which activists fought for twenty years prior to the enactment of the ADA—may not adequately address disability discrimination. Some critics advocate a return to the social …

Earmstrong, Armstrong Atlantic State University

Armstrong News & Publications: e-Armstrong Newsletter (Archived)

No abstract provided.