Digital Commons Network^™

Stabilization And Democratization: Renewing The Transatlantic Alliance, Zachary Selden

The US Army War College Quarterly: Parameters

No abstract provided.

Audit Of An Acute Pain Service In A Tertiary Care Hospital In A Developing Country, Muhammad Qamarul Hoda, Mohammad Hamid, Fauzia Anis Khan

Department of Anaesthesia

The first anaesthesia based acute pain service (APS) was introduced in Pakistan at the Aga Khan University Hospital in July 2001, with the aim of patient safety and satisfaction. The American Society of Anesthesiologist task force guidelines were used for the introduction of APS. APS has managed 6810 patients during four and half years period. Common analgesic techniques used, were intravenous infusion (50%), patient controlled intravenous analgesia (18%) and epidural infusions (30%). Common reported side effects were nausea and vomiting with intravenous infusion (10%) and PCIA (10%) while motor block was noticed with epidural infusion (29%). This article aims to …

Comparison Of Two Sedation Techniques In Patients Undergoing Surgical Procedures Under Regional Anaesthesia, Aliya Ahmed, Fauzia Anis Khan, Aziza Hussain

Department of Anaesthesia

Objective: Intraoperative comfort and patient satisfaction during surgical procedures under regional anaesthesia can be improved with the use of supplemental intravenous sedation. The authors conducted a study to compare two sedation techniques for surgical procedures performed under regional anaesthesia, i.e., midazolam and pethidine combination compared with midazolam and tramadol combination.Methods: Forty adult American Society of Anaesthesiologists (ASA) grade 1-111 patients, aged between 40-65 years undergoing surgery under regional anaesthesia (sub-arachnoid block) were included. The patients were randomly divided into two groups. All patients received standardized premedication, intraoperative monitoring and oxygen therapy. Group A patients received midazolam 0.03 mg/kg followed by …

Comparison Of A Low Carbohydrate And Low Fat Diet For Weight Maintenance In Overweight Or Obese Adults Enrolled In A Clinical Weight Management Program, James D. Lecheminant, Cheryl A. Gibson, Debra K. Sullivan, Sandra Hall, Rik Washburn, Mary C. Vernon, Chelsea Curry, Elizabeth Stewart, Eric C. Westman, Joseph E. Donnelly

Faculty Publications

Background: Recent evidence suggests that a low carbohydrate (LC) diet may be equally or more effective for short-term weight loss than a traditional low fat (LF) diet; however, less is known about how they compare for weight maintenance. The purpose of this study was to compare body weight (BW) for participants in a clinical weight management program, consuming a LC or LF weight maintenance diet for 6 months following weight loss. Methods: Fifty-five (29 low carbohydrate diet; 26 low fat diet) overweight/obese middle-aged adults completed a 9 month weight management program that included instruction for behavior, physical activity (PA), and …

Created Facts And The Flawed Ontology Of Copyright Law, Justin Hughes

Articles

It is black letter doctrine that facts are not copyrightable: facts are discovered, not created—so they will always lack the originality needed for copyright protection. As straightforward as this reasoning seems, it is fundamentally flawed. Using the “social facts” theory of philosopher John Searle, this Article explores a variety of “created facts” cases—designation systems, systematic evaluations, and privately written laws—in which original expression from private individuals is adopted by social convention and generates facts in our social reality. In the course of this discussion, the paper places facts in their historical and philosophical context, explores how courts conflate facts with …

Early Childhood Mental Health Consultation: An Evaluation Tool Kit, Kathy S. Hepburn, Roxane K. Kaufmann, Deborah F. Perry, Mary Dallas Allen, Eileen M. Brennan, Beth L. Green

School of Social Work Faculty Publications and Presentations

For states, communities, agencies and programs investing in early childhood mental health consultation and committed to quality data. This web-based resource combines a brief review of the literature and current research addressing the effectiveness of early childhood mental health consultation with guidance for designing and implementing program evaluation. It will help states, communities, and programs increase their capacity for high-quality evaluation of early childhood mental health consultation in community-based settings. Researchers, policy makers and program evaluation teams will find: A brief review of the evidence base, current issues, and questions; Defining characteristics of early childhood mental health consultation; Components of …

Knowledge And Attitudes Of Female School Students On Medications In Eastern Saudi Arabia, Nada A. Abahussain, Attia Z. Taha

Saudi Medical Journal

OBJECTIVE: To assess the knowledge and attitude of female students on medications in Al-Khobar city, the eastern province of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). METHODS: The target population consisted of the third-grade intermediate, and all the 3 grades of secondary school female students in the Al-Khobar area, KSA. A multistage stratified sampling design was adopted at the end of 2001. At the first stage, 13 schools were selected, of which classes were selected in each level using a simple random sampling design. All students in the selected classes were included in the study. The total number of selected students …

Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring For 24 Hours In Children With Type-1 Diabetes Mellitus, Bahar C. Cakir, Zehra Aycan, Sadi Vidinlisan, Kemal Akpinar, Serkan K. Keskin, Hasan T. Cakir, Sekip Altunkan, Ergun Cetinkaya

Saudi Medical Journal

No abstract provided.

The Price Of Misdemeanor Representation, Erica J. Hashimoto

William & Mary Law Review

Nobody disputes either the reality of excessive caseloads in indigent defense systems or their negative effects. More than forty years after Gideon v. Wainwright, however, few seem willing to accept that additional resources will not magically appear to solve the problem. Rather, concerned observers demand more funds while state and local legislators resist those entreaties in the face of political resistance and pressures to balance government budgets. Recognizing that indigent defense systems must operate in a world of limited resources, states should reduce the number of cases streaming into those systems by significantly curtailing the appointment of counsel in low-level …

Keep Out Of Myspace!: Protecting Students From Unconstitutional Suspensions And Expulsions, Christi Cassel

William & Mary Law Review

No abstract provided.

The Curious Complications With Back-End Opt-Out Rights, Rhonda Wasserman

William & Mary Law Review

In recent years, class members have been afforded delayed, or "back-end," opportunities to opt out of a class action once the terms of the settlement are disclosed. These back-end opt-out rights may afford only limited rights to sue outside the confines of the class action. For example, opt-out plaintiffs may be permitted to seek compensatory, but not punitive damages. Does the federal court that approved the settlement have authority to enjoin back-end opt-out plaintiffs from seeking relief in state court that exceeds the limits built into the back-end opt-out right?

Three sets of curious complications may arise if the federal …

The Cowl - V. 72 - N. 9 - Nov 1, 2007

The Cowl

The Cowl - student newspaper of Providence College. Volume 72 - Number 9 - November 1, 2007. 24 pages.

The Activity Of Azithromycin Against Leishmania (Viannia) Braziliensis And Leishmania (Leishmania) Amazonensis In The Golden Hamster Model., Angel Sinagra, Concepción Luna, David Abraham, Maria Del Carmen Iannella, Adelina Riarte, Alejandro J. Krolewiecki

Department of Microbiology and Immunology Faculty Papers

New therapeutic alternatives against leishmaniasis remain a priority. The activity of azithromycin against Leishmania (Leishmania) major has been previously demonstrated. Different responses among species of Leishmania make species-specific drug screening necessary. The activity of azithromycin against Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis and Leishmania (Leishmania) amazonensis was evaluated in golden hamsters infected through footpad injections of metacyclic promastigotes, and compared with untreated controls and animals treated with meglumine antimoniate. Footpad thickness, lesion cultures and dissemination sites were analyzed. Treatment of golden hamsters with oral azithromycin at 450mg/kg had no activity against infections with Leishmania (Leishmania) amazonensis. For infections due to Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis, …

Bs News

Building Services Engineering

No abstract provided.

Rrh Library Newsletter, November 2007, Libraries At Rochester Regional Health

Rochester Regional Health authored publications and proceedings

Newsletter sections include: Community-Acquired Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus

A Calamity In The Neighborhood: Women's Participation In The Rwandan Genocide, Reva N. Adler, Cyanne E. Loyle, Judith Globerman

Genocide Studies and Prevention: An International Journal

Although public-health-based violence-prevention trials have been successful in a variety of high-risk settings, no study has addressed the prevention of genocide, a form of population-based catastrophic violence. In addition, little is known about women who participate in genocide, including women’s motivations for active participation in hands-on battery, assault, or murder. In order to explain why women assaulted or murdered targeted victims during the 1994 Rwandan Genocide, we interviewed ten Rwandan female genocide perpetrators living in prisons and communities in six Rwandan provinces in 2005. Respondents’ narratives reveal two distinct pictures of life in Rwanda, separated by an abrupt transition: Life …

Inter-Ethnic Marriages, The Survival Of Women, And The Logics Of Genocide In Rwanda, Anuradha Chakravarty

Genocide Studies and Prevention: An International Journal

This article focuses on the gendered dimensions of the genocide in Rwanda. It seeks to explain why Tutsi women married to Hutu men appeared to have better chances of survival than Tutsi women married to Tutsi men or even Hutu women married to Tutsi men. Based on data from a field site in southwest Rwanda, the findings and insights offered here draw on the gendered, racial, and operational dynamics of the genocide as it unfolded between April and July 1994.

Author Biographies

Genocide Studies and Prevention: An International Journal

No abstract provided.

Wireless Power Transmission To A Buried Sensor In Concrete, Khan M.Z. Shams, Mohammod Ali

Faculty Publications

The feasibility of sending wireless power to a buried sensor antenna within concrete was studied. a receive patch rectenna with 75.8% conversion efficiency was designed for operation at 5.7 GHz. The received DC power at the rectenna was measured within dry and wet concrete samples with various cover thicknesses and air-gaps. For the rectenna buried within 30 mm of the concrete, the received DC power was 10.37 mW, which was, about 70% of the received DC power in free-space.

Regional Threats And Security Strategy: The Troubling Case Of Today's Middle East, James A. Russell Mr.

Books, Monographs & Collaborative Studies

The United States needs to undertake a strategic regional net assessment that examines the following issues as it seeks to construct a regional security strategy to protect its interests and mitigate wider threats to international security. That net assessment should include reviewing the role of security guarantees in promoting regional stability, an acknowledgement of the contradictory nature of the inter- and intra state threats and tensions, and the negative impact that the U.S. obsession with force protection is having on its ability to effectively implement strategy on the ground.

East Asian Security: Two Views, Gilbert Rozman Dr., Chu Shulong Dr.

Books, Monographs & Collaborative Studies

A new framework for Northeast Asian security must cope with the legacy of six decades of frequent changes in the region’s great power relations. In order to realize the goals of the Joint Agreement in the Six-Party Talks, multilateralism is becoming more important. U.S. leadership faces challenges from: the Sino-U.S. rivalry that is better managed because of cooperation over North Korea; the Russo-U.S. rivalry that has intensified, although there is potential to stabilize it in this region; Sino-Russian partnership, which has drawn closer in response to the nuclear crisis but could be tested by progress that would reveal conflicting national …

Differences In Virulence Among Escherichia Coli O157:H7 Strains Isolated From Humans During Disease Outbreaks And From Healthy Cattle, Diane R. Baker, Rodney A. Moxley, Mike B. Steele, Jeffrey T. Lejeune, Jane Christopher-Hennings, Ding-Geng Chen, Philip R. Hardwidge, David H. Francis

School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Faculty Publications

Escherichia coli O157:H7 causes life-threatening outbreaks of diarrhea, hemorrhagic colitis, and hemolyticuremic syndrome in humans and significant economic loss in agriculture and could be a potential agent of bioterrorism. Although the prevalence of E. coli O157:H7 in cattle and other species with which humans have frequent contact is high, human infections are relatively uncommon, despite a low infectious dose. A plausible explanation for the low disease incidence is the possibility that not all strains are virulent in humans. If there are substantial differences in virulence among strains in nature, then human disease may select for high virulence. We used a …

Lipidomic Analysis Of Glioblastoma Multiforme Using Mass Spectrometry, Soo Jung Ha, Gordon Showalter, Shanbao Cai, Haiyan Wang, Wei Michael Liu, Aaron Cohen-Gadol, Jann N. Sarkaria, Jenna Rickus, John Springer, Jiri Adamec, Karen E. Pollok, Kari L. Clase

Department of Biochemistry: Faculty Publications

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common and malignant form of primary brain tumors. It is highly invasive and current treatment options have not improved the survival rate over the past twenty years. Novel approaches and technologies from systems biology have the potential to identify biomarkers that could serve as new therapeutic targets for GBM. This study employed lipid profiling technology to investigate lipid biomarkers in ectopic and orthotopic human GBM xenograft models. Primary patient cell lines, GBM10 and GBM43, were injected into the flank and the right cerebral hemisphere of NOD/SCID mice. Tumors were harvested from the brain and …

The Effect Of Nigella Sativa Oil Against Aspiculuris Tetraptera And Hymenolepis Nana In Naturally Infected Mice., Erol Ayaz, Hasan Yilmaz, Hanefi Ozbek, Zeynep Tas, Ozlem Orunc

Saudi Medical Journal

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the antiparasitic effect of Nigella sativa oil (NSO) on Aspiculuris tetraptera (A. tetraptera) and Hymenolepis nana (H.nana) in mice in January 2005. METHODS: Mice were obtained from the animal house facility of the Faculty of Medicine, Yuzuncu Yil University, Van, Turkey. The natural infections were determined by the cellophane tape method and the centrifugal flotation method of stool samples. The infected mice with A. tetraptera and H.nana were divided into 4 groups; 2 treatment and 2 control groups. Nigella sativa oil was given at the dose of 250 ul/kg body weight orally for 2 consecutive days in …

Evaluation Of The Effect Of Islamic Fasting On Lung Volumes And Capacities In The Healthy Persons, Seyyedali J. Moosavi, Ali Kabir, Ali Moghimi, Ali Chehrei, Mohammad B. Rad

Saudi Medical Journal

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the changes in pulmonary volumes during and after Islamic fasting. METHODS: It is a cohort study conducted on 117 healthy subjects selected on a random basis from employees, professors and students of Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, between December 1999 and January 2000. All of them underwent spirometry 10 days prior to Ramadan, 2 times during Ramadan, and one time 10 days post-Ramadan. In first visit, in addition to spirometry they underwent medical examination to make sure they are healthy. All of their spirometries and background information were collected. Repeated measurements analysis of varience method …

Pattern Of Renal Pathology Among Renal Biopsy Specimens In Eastern Saudi Arabia, Ahmed M. Alkhunaizi

Saudi Medical Journal

OBJECTIVE: To identify the pattern of renal pathology among renal biopsy specimens, and to study the clinical correlation in a general hospital in the eastern region of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. METHODS: All patients who underwent native kidney biopsy by the author at Dhahran Health Center (DHC) between June 1998 and April 2005 were included and prospectively followed-up. RESULTS: One hundred native kidney biopsies were performed on 95 patients with a mean age of 40.8 ± 18 years, and a glomerular filtration rate of 57 ± 42 ml/min/1.73 m2. Patients were followed up for a mean of 28 ± …

Gonadal Function And Fertility In Male Survivors Treated For Hodgkin's Disease In Iran, Khadijeh A. Rafsanjani, Mohammad Faranoush, Amir A. Hedayatiasl, Parvaneh Vossough

Saudi Medical Journal

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of chemotherapy on gonadal function of young men cured of childhood Hodgkin9s disease. METHODS: Young adult males surviving Hodgkin9s disease, aged 17 and over at least 2 years after therapy were studied in Ali Asghar Children9s Hospital, Tehran, Iran from March 2000 to March 2005. Clinical evaluation for secondary sexual characteristics, semen analysis, follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), and testosterone was studied in 33 survivors of Hodgkin9s disease. RESULTS: The age at diagnosis was 5-15 years, median 9 years, age at study 17-29 years, median 19 years old. The median duration off therapy …

Dietary Intervention Versus Metformin To Improve The Reproductive Outcome In Women With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome. A Prospective Comparative Study, Hussein S. Qublan, Eleni K. Yannakoula, Mohamad A. Al-Qudah, Fahmi I. El-Uri

Saudi Medical Journal

OBJECTIVE: To compare the clinical results and reproductive outcome in obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) following dietary intervention or treatment with metformin. METHODS: Forty-six patients with PCOS were studied prospectively in Prince Rashed Hospital, Irbid, Jordan, between January 2003 and April 2005. The women were randomly divided into 2 groups: Group 1 (n=24) was prescribed with 1200-1400 kcal/day diet (25% proteins, 25% fat, and 50% carbohydrates plus 25-30 gm of fiber per week). Group 2 (n=22) was assigned to take 850 mg of metformin twice in a continuous manner. Both treatments continued for 6 months. Clinical and biochemical …

An Investigation Of Corneal Integrity In Recreational Divers, Matthew O. Oriowo

Saudi Medical Journal

OBJECTIVE: To compare the corneal integrity of recreational divers and non-divers. METHODS: The cross-sectional study was conducted at the St. Erik s Eye Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden, between September 2003 and February 2004. Questionnaires were randomly distributed to determine the potential diving and non-diving participants. After filling the questionnaires and giving informed consent, corneal endothelial photographs were obtained from the right eyes of the study participants (age range, 20-42 years). Aided and unaided visual acuities were obtained using the Snellen acuity chart. RESULTS: One of the divers reported temporary blurred vision immediately after a diving session, which resolved 2 days later. …

Etiology And Pathology Of Enuresis Among Primary School Children In Isfahan, Iran, Afshin Azhir, Fatemeh Nasseri, Aliyar Fazel, Atoosa Adibi, Ziba Frajzadegan, Abol-Hassan Divband

Saudi Medical Journal

OBJECTIVE: To determine the etiology and pathogenesis of enuresis among primary school children by using a special ultrasound (US) protocol for the assessment of bladder dysfunction and to compare excretion of urinary sodium and calcium in enuretic children. METHODS: We conducted this cross sectional study on 66 enuretic children aged 6-12 years from September 2005 to January 2006 in Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Iran. Ultrasound (US) was designed for the evaluation of bladder parameters using bladder volume and wall thickness index (BVWI%), and expected percentage bladder volume index for kidney volume. RESULTS: Sixty children (90.9%) had nocturnal enuresis, 5 …