Digital Commons Network^™

The Wind Shuffled The Palm Fronds Like New Money: George Garrett's Florida, Casey Clabough

The Marjorie Kinnan Rawlings Journal of Florida Literature

No abstract provided.

Private And Common Property Rights, Elinor Ostrom, Charlotte Hess

Librarian Publications

The relative advantages of private property and common property for the efficiency, equity, and sustainability of natural resource use patterns have long been debated in the legal and economics literatures. The debate has been clouded by a troika of confusions that relate to the difference between (1) common-property and open-access regimes, (2) common-pool resources and common-property regimes, and (3) a resource system and the flow of resource units. A property right is an enforceable authority to undertake particular actions in specific domains. The rights of access, withdrawal, management, exclusion, and alienation can be separately assigned to different individuals as well …

Mucking Out The Stalls: How Krs § 230.357 Promises To Change Custom And Facilitate Economic Efficiency In The Horse Industry, R. Kelley Rosenbaum

Kentucky Law Journal

No abstract provided.

Post-Release Survival Of Sailfish (Istiophorus Platypterus) Captured On Commercial Pelagic Longline Gear In The Southern Gulf Of Mexico, David W. Kerstetter, John E. Graves

Marine & Environmental Sciences Faculty Reports

To estimate post-release survival of sailfish caught incidentally to regular commercial pelagic longline fishing operations in the southern Gulf of Mexico targeting mixed swordfish and tunas, ten pop-up satellite archival tags were deployed for ten days on incidentally captured animals. All ten tags transmitted following the full deployment period, transmitting 25-82% of the archived data. Repeated, short-duration movements at depth and horizontal displacement data from were consistent with survival of those nine of the ten animals for the ten-day deployment period. The results of this study indicate that sailfish can survive the trauma resulting from interaction with pelagic longline gear …

Preliminary Results Of Circle And J-Style Hook Comparisons In The Brazilian Pelagic Longline Fishery, David W. Kerstetter, J. C. Pacheco, Fabio H.V. Hazin, P. E. Travassos, John E. Graves

Marine & Environmental Sciences Faculty Reports

Preliminary studies in western North Atlantic pelagic longline fisheries indicate that a change in terminal gear from J-style hooks to circle hooks may reduce bycatch mortality. However, such studies have not examined the impact of this change in the equatorial fishery. Catch composition, catch rates, hooking location, and condition at haulback were monitored during 26 sets in the commercial longline fishery operating in the western equatorial South Atlantic where circle (size 18/0, non-offset) and J-style (size 9/0 and 10/0, 10° offset) hooks were deployed in an alternating fashion. Catch rates for yellowfin tuna, swordfish, and a composite “all fishes” category …

Surface Associated Amoebae On The Ctenophore, Mnemiopsis Sp., Connie S. Versteeg

HCNSO Student Theses and Dissertations

Previous work by Moss et al. (2001) reported surface associated protists on the ctenophore Mnemiopsis sp. They frequently observed the ciliate Trichodina ctenophorii and a Flabellula-like amoeba attached to the comb plate surface. They noted that the ciliate and the amoeba were found on the subsagittal, subtentacular, and the auricular comb plates. The amoeba had a maximum width of about 15 μm and cells were crescent shaped. Ultrastructural evidence suggested that these protists were parasites although the exact nature of the association remained to be determined. This was the background for the present study.

The present investigation documented the …

Soils: A Contemporary Perspective, Cheryl Palm, Pedro Sanchez, Sonya Ahamed, Alex Awiti

East Africa Institute

Soils are viewed in the context of ecosystem services, soil processes and properties, and key attributes and constraints. The framework used is based on the premise that the natural capital of soils that underlies ecosystem services is primarily determined by three core soil properties: texture, mineralogy, and soil organic matter. Up-to-date descriptions and geographical distribution of soil orders as well as soil attributes and constraints are given, along with the relationships between soil orders, properties, and biomes. We then relate ecosystem services to specific soil processes, soil properties, and soil constraints and attributes. Soil degradation at present is not adequately …

Currents, Jaime Schillinger

Intersections

No abstract provided.

Full Issue, Number 25, Spring 2007, The Congregational And Synodical Mission Unit, The Evangelical Lutheran Church In America

Intersections

No abstract provided.

Why Diversity And Civic Engagement Don’T Talk To Each Other On College Campuses: The Need For Public Work, José Marichal

Intersections

No abstract provided.

Full Issue, Number 26, Fall 2007, The Congregational And Synodical Mission Unit, The Evangelical Lutheran Church In America

Intersections

No abstract provided.

Lutheran Higher Education And The Public Intellectual, Ernest Simmons

Intersections

No abstract provided.

Revolt At Mission San Gabriel, October 25, 1785: Judicial Proceedings And Related Documents, Rose Marie Beebe, Robert M. Senkewicz

History

In this section, we present English translations of the Spanish documents which relate to the planned Mission San Gabriel uprising in 1785. The documents come from two sources, the Archivo General de la Nación in Mexico City and the Santa Barbara Mission Archive-Library. The documents from the Archivo General are located in ramo Provincias Intern.as, tomo 120, expediente 2. Our translation follows the order in which the documents are presented in this source. The first paragraph is the title page of the expediente. The documents follow as they are arranged, with one exception: the questions which the interrogator posed to …

Comparison Of A Long Yearling System And Calf-Fed Performance And Economics, William A. Griffin, Terry J. Klopfenstein, Galen E. Erickson, Dillon M. Feuz, James C. Macdonald

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

A study was conducted to determine differences in performance, carcass characteristics, and profitability of a calf-feeding and a yearling production system. Yearlings had higher daily gains compared to calf-feds; however, calf-feds were more efficient than yearlings. Yearlings produced more weight than calf-feds leading to an improvement in profitability for yearlings compared to calf-feds. There were no differences in yield grade or percentage grading Choice for yearlings compared to calf-feds, even though calf-feds had higher fat thickness compared to yearlings.

Genetic And Molecular Characterization Of Programmed Cell Death In The C.Elegans Tail-Spike Cell, Carine Waase-Maurer

Student Theses and Dissertations

Work in Caenorhabditis elegans has been instrumental in deciphering the molecular basis of programmed cell death. However, despite extensive characterization of broadacting cell death genes, the molecular events triggering cell-specific activation of the cell death machinery remain, for the most part, unknown. In some C. elegans somatic cells, transcription of the egl-1/BH3-only gene is believed to promoted cell-specific death. EGL-1 protein inhibits the CED-9/Bcl-2 protein, resulting in release of the caspase activator CED-4/Apaf-1. Subsequent activation of CED-3 caspase by CED-4 leads to cell death. But despite the important role of egl-1 transcription in promoting CED-3 activity in cells destined to …

A Search For The Counter-Immune Mechanisms Of Mycobacterium Tuberculosis, Meghan Alida Kirksey

Student Theses and Dissertations

Tuberculosis is characterized by dynamic interactions between M. tuberculosis (Mtb) and the human immune response. The cytokine IFN-γ triggers macrophage production of bactericidal nitric oxide by inducible nitric oxide synthase (NOS2) and is essential for mammalian control of Mtb infection. Mice lacking NOS2 are unable to control replication of Mtb and rapidly succumb to infection. The persistent nature of TB infection suggests that Mtb has evolved counter-immune mechanisms to survive in the face of NOS2 and other pathways downstream of IFN-γ. A differential signature-tagged transposon mutagenesis screen was conducted to identify mutants attenuated in NOS2-/- mice, but retaining virulence in …

The Role Of Microglia In The Effects Of Steroid Hormones On Brain Inflammation, Andres C. Gottfried-Blackmore

Student Theses and Dissertations

The conditions defining whether microglial activation is detrimental or beneficial to neuronal survival are still poorly understood. Better understanding of the factors regulating microglia activation may lead to improved therapies for neurodegenerative diseases. Clinical and animal studies point to the neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory effects of steroid hormones. However, our comprehension of the cellular targets and mechanisms of action of these hormones in the CNS is still unresolved. In view of these limitations, the main question addressed in this dissertation was the role that microglia play in the anti-inflammatory effects of steroid hormones in the brain, with particular emphasis on the …

Cross-Presentation Of Glycolipid From Tumor Cells Loaded With Α-Galactosylceramide Leads To Potent And Long-Lived T Cell-Mediated Immunity Via Dendritic Cells, Kanako Shimizu, Yuri Kurosawa, Masaru Taniguchi

Publications

We report a mechanism to induce combined and long-lived CD4⁺ and CD8⁺ T cell immunity to several mouse tumors. Surprisingly, the initial source of antigen is a single low dose of tumor cells loaded with α-galactosylceramide (α-GalCer) glycolipid (tumor/Gal) but lacking co-stimulatory molecules. After tumor/Gal injection intravenously (i.v.), innate NKT and NK cells reject the tumor cells, some of which are taken up by dendritic cells (DCs). The DCs in turn cross-present glycolipid on CD1d molecules to NKT cells and undergo maturation. For B16 melanoma cells loaded with α-GalCer (B16/Gal), interferon γ-producing CD8⁺ T cells develop toward …

Role Of Laminins In The Development Of The Peripheral Nervous System, Wei-Ming Yu

Student Theses and Dissertations

To investigate the function of laminins in peripheral nerve development, the laminin γ1 gene was specifically disrupted in Schwann cells. Disruption of laminin γ1 gene expression resulted in depletion of all other laminin chains known to be expressed in Schwann cells. Schwann cells lacking laminins fail to differentiate to myelinating and non-myelinating Schwann cells and do not extend processes required for initiating axonal sorting and mediating axon-Schwann cell interactions. These cells also fail to down-regulate Oct-6 and they arrest at the premyelinating stage. Impaired axon-Schwann cell interactions prevent phosphorylation of β-neuregulin-1 receptors, which results in decreased cell proliferation. Postnatally, laminin-null …

Chronic Stress Effects On Prefrontal Cortical Structure And Function, Conor Liston

Student Theses and Dissertations

Stressful life events have been implicated clinically in the pathogenesis of major depression, but the neural substrates that may account for this observation remain poorly understood. Attentional impairments symptomatic of depression are associated with structural and functional abnormalities in the prefrontal cortex. In three parallel rodent and human neuroimaging studies, this project assessed the effects of chronic stress on prefrontal cortical structure and function and the behavioral correlates of these changes. The first study used fMRI to elucidate the precise computational contributions of frontoparietal circuitry to attentional control in human subjects, using a task that could be adapted for rats. …

A Structural Basis For Host Cytoskeletal Disruption And Virulence By Yersinia Protein Kinase A, Gerd Prehna

Student Theses and Dissertations

Yersinia spp. cause gastroenteritis and the plague, representing historically devastating pathogens that are currently an important biodefense and antibiotic resistance concern. Although several antibiotic therapies exist, the emergence of strains that have garnered multiple drug resistances in combination with the weaponization of Yersinia, make understanding the biology of this pathogen a high priority. Yersinia, along with other pathogenic bacteria such as Salmonella, utilize a macromolecular complex, called a type III secretion apparatus, to deliver virulence proteins directly into cells. These factors commandeer several signaling pathways, often targeting the Rho family of small GTPases which regulate actin cytoskeletal dynamics. A critical …

The Multifunctional Capsid Gene Of Hepatitis C Virus, Laura Katherine Mcmullan

Student Theses and Dissertations

In populations worldwide, the Hepatitis C Virus displays great diversity. The capsid gene, however, is remarkably conserved and this has led to predictions of RNA secondary structure and an overlapping, alternative reading frame (ARF). We investigated a role of the ARF in HCV infection, by introducing four stop codons into the ARF of a genotype 1a H77 molecular clone. These changes did not alter the capsid protein sequence, but were predicted to disrupt the RNA secondary structures, SLV and SLVI. An infection was launched after inoculation of the mutant HCV RNA into an HCV naïve chimpanzee. The acute infection was …

A Map Of Transcription Factor Expression In Neuronal Precursors Of The Chicken And Mouse Embryonic Cerebellum, Daniver Morales

Student Theses and Dissertations

The cerebellum is comprised of an overlying cortical structure and a basal set of cerebellar nuclei (CN). The cerebellar cortex contains two principal neurons, the Purkinje cell (PC) and the granule cell (GC), whereas the CN are formed by an heterogeneous array of cerebellar nuclei neurons. Although granule cell development is well-studied, the specification and early migratory routes of cerebellar nuclei neurons and Purkinje cells are not well understood. To map neural progenitor identity, we analyzed the expression of various members of the TALE, LIM and bHLH transcription factor families in the avian and murine cerebellar anlagen. We show here …

Targeted Disruption Of Lynx2 Reveals Distinct Functions For Lynx Homologues In Learning And Behavior, Ayse Begum Tekinay

Student Theses and Dissertations

Endogenous short peptide modulators of ion channels provide a new level of regulation of nervous function. Lynx1 was identified as an endogenous mammalian homologue of snake venom peptide neurotoxins capable of binding to and functionally modulating nicotinic cetylcholine receptors (nAChR). Lynx1 is a member of the Ly6-α—neurotoxin superfamily (Ly6SF) of genes. Through extensive database searches, I identified 85 members of this superfamily including previously unidentified vertebrate and invertebrate family members. I show that these proteins are very divergent in their sequences, and identify two conserved subfamilies, snake toxins and immune system expressed Ly6 genes through phylogenetic inference. I also discovered …

Dissecting The Entry Pathways Of Hepatitis C And Bovine Viral Diarrhea Viruses, Donna M. Tscherne

Student Theses and Dissertations

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) and bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) are closely related members of the family Flaviviridae and are important human and animal pathogens, respectively. In this work, I investigated how these viruses interact with and enter both naïve and previously infected cells, specifically, the mechanisms of superinfection exclusion, the phenomenon by which previous viral infection prevents reinfection of the same cell, and the pathways of entry into target cells for these viruses. BVDV-acutely infected cells establish two blocks to superinfection, at the levels of virus entry and RNA replication. The former is mediated by the BVDV E2 protein, …

Genetic And Biochemical Analyses Of The Flaviviridae Capsid Proteins, Catherine Lucy Murray

Student Theses and Dissertations

The small, enveloped viruses of the family Flaviviridae are etiological agents of numerous important human and agricultural diseases including hepatitis C, yellow fever, and bovine viral diarrhea. Efficient dissemination of these viruses is dependent on the production of infectious particles, thought to arise by budding of the capsid protein and associated genomic RNA through a host cell-derived lipid membrane outfitted with envelope glycoproteins. The process of virion morphogenesis is not well understood, but the presumed involvement of numerous viral and cellular components makes it an attractive target for novel therapeutic drug design. To investigate the early events of Flaviviridae particle …

Insect Host Seeking: Investigations Into The Molecular Mechanisms Of Chemosensation, Walton D. Jones

Student Theses and Dissertations

Among other functions, chemosensory systems play a crucial role in the host-seeking behaviors of insects that allow them to find their preferred food sources. Quite often, however, these host-seeking behaviors have a negative impact on either human health or livelihood. The following details investigations into the evolution and molecular mechanisms of two distinct pathways involved in insect chemosensation. The atypical odorant receptor gene, Or83b, is co-expressed with other ORs in most olfactory sensory neurons (OSNs) of the Drosophila antenna. OR83b acts as a generic heterodimeric partner for other ORs coupling them to the ciliary trafficking machinery, which is responsible for …

From Naturally Occurring Tumor Immunity To Supernatural T Cells: Isolation And Characterization Of A Murine T Cell Receptor Specific For Human Breast And Ovarian Tumor Antigen Cdr2, Bianca D. Santomasso

Student Theses and Dissertations

Patients with paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration (PCD), a form of neuronal autoimmunity, have a co-occurring natural immune response against a protein called cdr2 in their breast and ovarian carcinomas, and thus provide an innovative starting point for understanding how to harness the immune system to fight cancer. We previously demonstrated cdr2-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) in the peripheral blood of HLA-A2.1+ PCD patients, suggesting that CTLs mediate tumor immunity in these patients. Cdr2 is expressed by a large proportion of breast and ovarian tumors from individuals who do not develop neurological disease, suggesting that immune responses to this antigen may develop …

The Role Of Activation-Induced Cytidine Deaminase In Antibody Diversification And B Cell Malignancies, Eleonora Market

Student Theses and Dissertations

Activation-induced cytidine deaminase (AID) is indispensable for somatic hypermutation (SHM) and class switch recombination (CSR) in B cells. SHM alters the affinity of an antibody for its corresponding antigen by introducing point mutations within the variable region of the immunoglobulin (Ig) gene heavy chain locus. CSR replaces the Ig μ constant region with one of the downstream constant region, thereby changing the physical properties of the antibody. To study the molecular mechanism of AID in these two antibody diversification events, I cloned, expressed and purified the recombinant AID protein from E. coli and showed that it can deaminate cytidines within …

Energy Homeostasis During Fasting And Fed States: Foxa2 Regulates Hepatic Amino Acid Uptake, Vivian M. Lee

Student Theses and Dissertations

In MODY3 patients, as well in the experimental mouse model, the Tcf1 -/- mouse, there is a defect in arginine-induced insulin secretion. In this thesis, we examined the role of arginine transporters in the insulin secreting cells in arginine-induced insulin secretion. We first characterized arginine uptake by MIN6 cells as having a Km of 102.6 μM and being partially Na-dependent and entirely Cl-dependent. We then examined Tcf1 -/- pancreatic islets, which are defective for arginine-induced insulin secretion. Using gene expression array analysis and semi-quantitative RT-PCR analysis on pancreatic islets from Tcf1 +/+ and Tcf1 -/- mice, we found eight arginine …