Digital Commons Network^™

Kh Domains On Brain Polyribosomes: Fmrp And Nova In Translational Regulation, Claire Elizabeth Fraser

Student Theses and Dissertations

The regulation of protein synthesis is an important aspect of the control of gene expression in neurons and is thought to contribute to neurologic diseases such as Fragile X mental retardation syndrome. We demonstrate that several neuronal RNA-binding proteins implicated in human disease are associated with brain polyribosomes, namely the Nova and Hu paraneoplastic antigens and the Fragile X mental retardation protein. We use microarray analysis of polyribosomal mRNAs in knockout mouse models of these diseases to identify target mRNAs and analyze the translational profiles of mice lacking Nova-1 or FMRP. The KH2 and RGG box RNA-binding domains of FMRP …

Death By Frustration: How Defects In Cell Differentiation Trigger Apoptosis, Ann H. Tang

Student Theses and Dissertations

Apoptosis plays a crucial role in the growth, development, and homeostasis of multicellular organisms by removing excess cells and sculpting tissues. The implications of its misregulation in diseases such as cancer, neurodegeneration, and autoimmunity bespeak of its importance. A family of proteases called caspases brings about the orderly deconstruction of a cell through an evolutionarily-conserved process. A bewildering number of molecules have been implicated to either directly or indirectly regulate these enzymes. Since the net outcome between inhibitory and activational mechanisms ultimately determines a cell's fate, caspases and their regulation still continue to be subjects of intense study. Studies with …

Characterization And Functional Analysis Of Astrotactin 2 Reveals A Role For Endocytosis In Glial-Guided Neuronal Migration, Perrin Megan Wilson

Student Theses and Dissertations

The cerebellum is essential for learning coordinated movements, balance, eye movements, and aspects of sensory cognition. The remarkably uniform array of the principal neurons of the cerebellar circuitry, granule cells and Purkinje cells, develops by glial-guided migrations that position these cell types in specific neuronal layers. Classical EM studies and real time imaging of the migration of granule neurons along glial fibers established the mode of movement of migrating neurons, including the formation of an interstitial junction beneath the cell soma. Biochemical and molecular biological experiments demonstrated that neuronal protein astrotactin (ASTN1) functions as a neuron-glial ligand during migration. This …

The Role Of Pot1 In Telomere Protection And Maintenance, Dirk Hockemeyer

Student Theses and Dissertations

POT1 is a single stranded telomeric DNA binding protein implicated in telomere length regulation in human cells. To address the role of POT1 in telomere protection we used RNAi in human cells. We confirmed that POT1 acts as a negative regulator of telomerase and showed that POT1 is required to protect telomeres. Reduced levels of POT1 elicited a strong telomere DNA damage response and a growth arrest in primary cells; the 3' telomeric overhang shortened and the sequence of the 5' terminus changed from its precise sequence (ATC-5') to a randomized ending. In order to determine the phenotype of complete …

A New Type Of Programmed Cell Death In C. Elegans, Mary C. Abraham

Student Theses and Dissertations

The most intensively studied form of programmed cell death (PCD) is apoptosis, which is characterized by stereotypical morphological features including chromatin compaction and by a requirement for the activity of caspase proteases, which are controlled by conserved gene pathways. Although non-apoptotic, caspase-independent programmed cell death pathways have been postulated, there is little evidence to convincingly prove their existence, and few insights regarding their molecular basis or possible in vivo functions. To investigate this question, we have studied the developmentally regulated PCD of the Caenorhabditis elegans linker cell. We have carried out transmission electron microscopy studies of dying linker cells, which …

Vitamin Status In Yearling Rams With Growth Failure, Handan Mert, Süleyman Kozat, Ni̇hat Mert, Yeter Değer

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

This study was performed to investigate the serum levels of vitamins in yearling rams with growth failure. A total of 70 yearling rams of Akkaraman breed, 50 of which were classified as growth-failure with an average body weight of 37.30 ± 1.1 kg (test) and the remaining 20 were classified as normal with an average body weight of 67.80 ± 2.2 kg (control), were included in the study. There were significant differences between the yearling rams with and without growth failure in terms of serum levels of vitamin C, \beta-carotene, and vitamins A and E (P < 0.001, P < 0.01, P < 0.001, and P < 0.001, respectively). The levels of all analyzed vitamins were lower compared to controls in yearling rams with growth failure.

Feed On Offer Photo Gallery : For Annual Pastures During The Green Period, Mandy (Catherine Amanda) Curnow, Lifetimewool (Australia)

Books & book chapters

Food on Offer, or FOO, is the amount of pasture available for sheep to eat. It is measured as dry matter per hectare, and then used to budget feed available and stocking rates for a given period.

FOO includes all green material above the ground and it is reported in kilograms of dry matter per hectare (kg DM/ha).

Parker Mountain Adaptive Resources Management Group, David K. Dahlgren, M. Guttery, M. Monsen, Terry A. Messmer

Wildland Resources Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Winning By A Neck: Tall Giraffes Avoid Competing With Smaller Browsers, E. Z. Cameron, Johan T. Du Toit

Wildland Resources Faculty Publications

With their vertically elongated body form, giraffes generally feed above the level of other browsers within the savanna browsing guild, despite having access to foliage at lower levels. They ingest more leaf mass per bite when foraging high in the tree, perhaps because smaller, more selective browsers deplete shoots at lower levels or because trees differentially allocate resources to promote shoot growth in the upper canopy. We erected exclosures around individual Acacia nigrescens trees in the greater Kruger ecosystem, South Africa. After a complete growing season, we found no differences in leaf biomass per shoot across height zones in excluded …

Th Politics Of Hate: Ultranationalist And Fundamentalist Tactics And Goals, Joan Davison

Faculty Publications

Ultranationalist and religious fundamentalist movements frequently use hate to mobilize people. These groups possess a sophisticated understanding of the importance of appealing to the emotions. Leaders often employ xenophobic language intended to inspire fear and justify a defensive reaction. The movements also rely heavily upon symbols, myths, and public events to simplify and communicate the "truths" of their ideologies. The leaders convey messages with tremendous affective appeal. Yet, measures exist to counter and contain the politics of hate. The development of civil society, group rights, a free media, and integrated institutions can contribute to a durable solution in cases of …

Medicine@Yale September/October 2007 Volume 3, Issue 5, Yale School Of Medicine Office Of Communications

Medicine@Yale - development newsletter

Medicine@Yale : advancing biomedical science, education and health care was a print and online newsletter which published news about academics, research and philanthropy for alumni, donors, faculty, students and the general public. It was initially published 6 times a year and then changed to a quarterly schedule. The first issue came out June/Jul. 2005. The final issue was published in May/June 2022, vol. 17, issue 1. Published by Yale School of Medicine, Office of Communications.

Defendendo Privilégio: Os Limites Da Participação Popular Em Salvador, Bahia, Bernd Reiter

Government and International Affairs Faculty Publications

Este estudo enfoca as mudanças das relações Estadosociedade no estado da Bahia, e os fatores que condicionam uma participação democrática. A partir de trabalho de campo realizado durante várias viagens entre 2001 e 2006 à Salvador, BA, coletei dados sobre a qualidade da participação comunitária na gestão de escolas públicas, no processo de planejamento urbano (PDDU) e no orçamento participativo, iniciado em janeiro de 2005 naquela cidade.

Comparei três áreas de interação entre o governo local e a sociedade em geral, sociedade civil especificamente. Este artigo é enfocado nas duas últimas áreas da política, mas, em todos os casos observados, …

Environmental And Genetic Effects On Birth Weight And Survival Rate In Holstein Calves, Serdar Koçak, Mustafa Tekerli̇, Ceyhan Özbeyaz, Banu Yüceer

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

This study was undertaken to investigate the effects of certain factors on birth weight and survival rate, utilizing the records of 8399 Holstein calves maintained at the Ceylanpınar State Farm in southeastern Anatolia. The data were collected from the calf barn sheets, including birth weight, pedigree details, and calf fate. The survival rate was scored as 1 (alive) or 0 (died) in accordance with the records. Analysis of variance indicated that the effects of year, season, parity, and calf sex on birth weight were significant (P < 0.01). Only calf sex had a significant (P < 0.01) influence on survival rate. The least squares means of birth weight for all calves averaged 38.79 ± 0.171 kg. The survival rates were 0.95 ± 0.004, 0.94 ± 0.004, and 0.92 ± 0.005 at 3, 6, and 12 months of life, respectively. Heritabilities were 0.115 ± 0.0023 for birth weight and 0.020 ± 0.009, 0.011 ± 0.008, and 0.011 ± 0.008 for 3-month, 6-month, and 12-month survival rates. Genetic correlations between birth weight and every rate of survival were estimated as -0.113, -0.012, and 0.106. The corresponding phenotypic correlations were 0.022, 0.014, and -0.013. It was concluded that the birth weight and survival rates of Holstein calves reared at Ceylanpınar State Farm were acceptable. However, further improvements can be accomplished by more effective feeding and management based on the low heritabilities.

2008 Vol. 17, Cleveland-Marshall College Of Law

Law Notes

No abstract provided.

The Role Of The Federal Government In Overseeing Medical Research, Gil Van Bokkelen

Journal of Law and Health

The United States enjoys a unique position among the world community in a number of respects. Although it is not the largest or most populated country in the world, the United States is considered one of the wealthiest. Our significant national wealth affords us with some interesting opportunities. In particular, it allows us to devote a portion of those resources towards causes that we as a nation feel are worthy and significant. For example, such causes include charitable aid programs, in the name of promoting global economic development and world peace. The United States leads in this category as well, …

Restricting Access To Unapproved Drugs: A Compelling Government Interest , Peter M. Currie

Journal of Law and Health

The prospective review and approval of drugs is central to the public health mission of the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Requiring pharmaceutical manufacturers to generate information about their products' safety and efficacy enables the agency to evaluate the risks and benefits associated with their use, thereby preventing overly harmful products from reaching the market. The majority of consumers benefit from this intervention by gaining access to an array of drugs that are proven to be safe and effective. Thus, governmental regulation in this area is arguably justified because the aggregate social welfare is substantially improved. However, this …

Development And Tax Policy: Case Study Of China, Jinyan Li

Comparative Research in Law & Political Economy

This paper examines the role of tax policy in China's economic, social and legal development. With respect to economic development, the author examines the use of tax incentives in attracting foreign direct investment to China and assesses its impact on the development of China's market economy. In terms of social development, the author critically assesses the limited role of taxation in reducing disparities in social income and in promoting social policies. While the relationship between legal development and tax policy may not be as obvious, the author makes the case that tax policy has had a positive impact on the …

Fundamental Enterprise Income Tax Reform In China: Motivations And Major Changes, Jinyan Li

Comparative Research in Law & Political Economy

On 16 March 2007, the National People's Congress of China promulgated a new Enterprise Income Tax Law (EIT Law) to take effect on 1 January 2008. It is the first law in Chinese history that imposes an income tax on all forms of enterprise. It replaces the current FIE Income Tax Law applicable to enterprises with foreign direct investment and the Interim Enterprise Income Tax Regulations (Interim EIT Regulations) applicable to Chinese-owned enterprises. Most notably, the EIT Law abolishes the tax incentives applicable only to foreign-investment enterprises (FIEs) and introduces a general tax rate that is internationally competitive. The promulgation …

Dietary Isothiocyanate (Itc), Glutathione S-Transferases (Gst) Polymorphisms And Risk Of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (Oscc) / Karen Ng Lee Peng, Karen Lee Peng Ng

Student Works (2000-2009)

No abstract provided.

"Hydrothelphusa Vencesi, A New Species Of Freshwater Crab From Southeastern Madagascar" , Neil Cumberlidge, Saskia Ae Marijnissen, Jonelle Thompson

Journal Articles

No abstract provided.

A Theory And Definition Of Public Health Law, Lawrence O. Gostin

Journal of Health Care Law and Policy

No abstract provided.

Beyond Compensation: Using Torts To Promote Public Health, Elizabeth A. Weeks

Journal of Health Care Law and Policy

No abstract provided.

Pyruvate Transport In Isolated Cardiac Mitochondria From Two Species Of Amphibian Exhibiting Dissimilar Aerobic Scope: Bufo Marinus And Rana Catesbeiana, Jeff Duerr, Kristina Tucker

Faculty Publications - Department of Biological & Molecular Science

Cardiac mitochondria were isolated from Bufo marinus and Rana catesbeiana, two species of amphibian whose cardiovascular systems are adapted to either predominantly aerobic or glycolytic modes of locomotion. Mitochondrial oxidative capacity was compared using VO2 max and respiratory control ratios in the presence of a variety of substrates including pyruvate, lactate, oxaloacetate, b-hydroxybutyrate, and octanoyl-carnitine. B. marinus cardiac mitochondria exhibited VO2 max values twice that of R. catesbeiana cardiac mitochondria when oxidizing carbohydrate substrates. Pyruvate transport was measured via a radiolabeled-tracer assay in isolated B. marinus and R. catesbeiana cardiac mitochondria. Time-course experiments described both a-cyano-4- hydroxycinnamate-sensitive (MCT-like) and phenylsuccinate-sensitive …

Expression And Localization Of An Aquaporin-1 Homologue In The Avian Kidney And Lower Intestinal Tract, G Casotti, T Waldron, G Misquith, Donald R. Powers, L Slusher

Faculty Publications - Department of Biological & Molecular Science

No abstract provided.

Three-Dimensional Kinematics Of Hummingbird Flight, Bret W. Tobalske, Douglas R. Warrick, Christopher J. Clark, Donald R. Powers, Tyson L. Hendrick, Gabriel A. Hyder, Andrew A. Biewener

Faculty Publications - Department of Biological & Molecular Science

Hummingbirds are specialized for hovering flight, and substantial research has explored this behavior. Forward flight is also important to hummingbirds, but the manner in which they perform forward flight is not well documented. Previous research suggests that hummingbirds increase flight velocity by simultaneously tilting their body angle and stroke-plane angle of the wings, without varying wingbeat frequency and upstroke: downstroke span ratio. We hypothesized that other wing kinematics besides stroke-plane angle would vary in hummingbirds. To test this, we used synchronized highspeed (500·Hz) video cameras and measured the threedimensional wing and body kinematics of rufous hummingbirds (Selasphorus rufus, 3·g, N=5) …

The Aerodynamics Of Hummingbird Flight, Douglas R. Warrick, Bret W. Tobalske, Donald R. Powers, Michael H. Dickenson

Faculty Publications - Department of Biological & Molecular Science

Hummingbirds fly with their wings almost fully extended during their entire wingbeat. This pattern, associated with having proportionally short humeral bones, long distal wing elements, and assumed to be an adaptation for extended hovering flight, has lead to predictions that the aerodynamic mechanisms exploited by hummingbirds during hovering should be similar to those observed in insects. To test these predictions, we flew rufous hummingbirds (Selasphorus rufus, 3.3 g, n = 6) in a variable–speed wind tunnel (0-12 ms-1) and measured wake structure and dynamics using digital particle image velocimetry (DPIV). Unlike hovering insects, hummingbirds produced 75% of their weight support …

Power Of Pictures Gallery Guide, Lea Worcester, University Of Texas At Arlington

2007 - Power of Pictures

Gallery guide for an exhibition exploring the critical analysis of still images, 2007. Curated by Lea Worcester.

Informed Consent For All! No Exceptions, Douglas Andrew Grimm

New Mexico Law Review

No abstract provided.

Effects Of Density And Habitat Structure On Growth And Survival Of Harvested Coral Reef Fishes, Clare Louise Wormald

Open Access Dissertations

This study examines four species of ecologically similar, harvested coral-reef fishes to evaluate the influences of habitat on density, growth, and survival and tests for density dependence in growth and survival. I studied populations of Lutfanus apodus, L. synagris, Haemulon flavolineatum and H. plumierii on 8 coral reefs in the Bahamas using underwater visual surveys and mark-recapture studies. For L. apodus I used a large-scale density manipulation experiment to uncouple the relationship between density and habitat. I conducted field and laboratory tests of some of the critical assumptions of mark-recapture methods to ensure that my estimates of growth and survival …

The Destruction Of Skeletal Elements By Carnivores: The Growth Of A General Model For Skeletal Element Destruction And Survival In Zooarchaeological Assemblages, Naomi Cleghorn, Curtis W. Marean

Sociology & Anthropology Faculty Publications - Archive

In the 1960s, Brain published on a series of taphonomic studies in which he observed the destruction of goat bones by pastoralists and domestic dogs. Those studies were notable and novel for a variety of reasons: 1) the attempt to control for complex parameters through the use of what we now recognize as experimental and naturalistic actualism, 2) documentation of the destructive impact on skeletal element abundance by secondary carnivore consumers, and 3) the attempt to understand the mechanical aspects of this process, and thus establish the foundation for justifiable uniformitarianism. This work set the stage for a proliferation of …