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2006

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Physiological And Anatomical Assessment Of Synapses At The Crayfish Neuromuscular Junction, Andrew Fredericks Moser Johnstone Jan 2006

Physiological And Anatomical Assessment Of Synapses At The Crayfish Neuromuscular Junction, Andrew Fredericks Moser Johnstone

University of Kentucky Doctoral Dissertations

The crayfish, Procambarus clarkii, has a multitude of ideal sites in which synaptic transmission may be studied. Its opener muscle, being innervated by a single excitatory neuron is a good model for studying the structure/function of neuromuscular junctions since the preparation is identifiable from animal to animal and the nerve terminals are visible using a vital dye. This allows ease in finding a suitable site to record from in each preparation and offers the ability to relocate it anatomically. Marking a recorded site and rebuilding it through electron microscopy gives good detail of synaptic struture for assesment.In the first of …

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The Synthesis, Structure, And Reactivity Of Some Organometallic-Fused Heterocycles, Nathan Charles Tice Jan 2006

The Synthesis, Structure, And Reactivity Of Some Organometallic-Fused Heterocycles, Nathan Charles Tice

University of Kentucky Doctoral Dissertations

The synthesis, structure, and reactivity of some organometallic-fusedheterocycles were studied. This work was divided into three parts: first,thiapentalenyl tricarbonyl manganese complexes [Mn(CO)3{??5-SC7H3-1,3-(R)2}]were synthesized employing thiation on diacyl precursors; second, attempts toform the 5,5-fused ring pyrrole analogs to the thiapentalenyl complexes led to theformation of various amine and imine ligands and manganese complexes, but notthe desired ring-closed pyrroles; third, reductive amination on a ferrocenylmonoaldehyde substrate led to the formation of di(N-(ferrocenylmethyl))-Nmethylamineand its cyanoborane and cyanoborohydride analogs.Isolation of the desired thiapentalenyl manganese complexes wasaccomplished by first forming 1,2-diacylcyclopentadienes (fulvenes), convertingto the corresponding thallium salts [Tl{1,2-C5H3(COR)2}] employing thalliumethoxide, transmetallating with [Mn(CO)5Br], and ring …

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Biotech Patents And Indigenous Peoples, Dennis S. Karjala Jan 2006

Biotech Patents And Indigenous Peoples, Dennis S. Karjala

Minnesota Journal of Law, Science & Technology

No abstract provided.

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Neuroethics And Elsi: Similarities And Differences, Henry T. Greely Jan 2006

Neuroethics And Elsi: Similarities And Differences, Henry T. Greely

Minnesota Journal of Law, Science & Technology

No abstract provided.

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Testing Drugs And Testing Limits: Merck Kgaa V. Integra Lifesciences I, Ltd. And The Scope Of The Hatch-Waxman Safe Harbor Provision, Jonathan Hareid Jan 2006

Testing Drugs And Testing Limits: Merck Kgaa V. Integra Lifesciences I, Ltd. And The Scope Of The Hatch-Waxman Safe Harbor Provision, Jonathan Hareid

Minnesota Journal of Law, Science & Technology

No abstract provided.

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Toto, I'Ve A Feeling We're Still In Kansas? The Constitutionality Of Intelligent Design And The 2005 Kansas Science Education Standards, Anthony Kirwin Jan 2006

Toto, I'Ve A Feeling We're Still In Kansas? The Constitutionality Of Intelligent Design And The 2005 Kansas Science Education Standards, Anthony Kirwin

Minnesota Journal of Law, Science & Technology

No abstract provided.

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Colloquy: Moving Forward In Food Safety & Defense, Julie Ostrowsky Jan 2006

Colloquy: Moving Forward In Food Safety & Defense, Julie Ostrowsky

Minnesota Journal of Law, Science & Technology

No abstract provided.

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Our Agriculture Policy Dilemma: The Omnivore's Dilemma: A Natural History Of Four Meals By Michael Pollan (2006), Morgan L. Holcomb Jan 2006

Our Agriculture Policy Dilemma: The Omnivore's Dilemma: A Natural History Of Four Meals By Michael Pollan (2006), Morgan L. Holcomb

Minnesota Journal of Law, Science & Technology

No abstract provided.

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The Public Health Tesseract: Managing The Multiplicative Threat, Asha George Jan 2006

The Public Health Tesseract: Managing The Multiplicative Threat, Asha George

Minnesota Journal of Law, Science & Technology

No abstract provided.

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Dad Was Born A Thousand Years Ago? An Examination Of Post-Mortem Conception And Inheritance With A Focus On The Rule Against Perpetuities, Joshua Greenfield Jan 2006

Dad Was Born A Thousand Years Ago? An Examination Of Post-Mortem Conception And Inheritance With A Focus On The Rule Against Perpetuities, Joshua Greenfield

Minnesota Journal of Law, Science & Technology

No abstract provided.

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The Importance Of Vertical And Shared Leadership Within New Venture Top Management Teams: Implications For The Performance Of Startups, Michael D. Ensley, Keith M. Hmieleski, Craig L. Pearce Jan 2006

The Importance Of Vertical And Shared Leadership Within New Venture Top Management Teams: Implications For The Performance Of Startups, Michael D. Ensley, Keith M. Hmieleski, Craig L. Pearce

Department of Management: Faculty Publications

The current study investigated the relative influence of vertical versus shared leadership within new venture top management teams on the performance of startups using two different samples. Vertical leadership stems from an appointed or formal leader of a team (e.g., the CEO), whereas shared leadership is a form of distributed leadership stemming from within a team. Transformational, transactional, empowering, and directive dimensions of both vertical and shared leadership were examined. New venture performance was considered in terms of revenue growth and employee growth. The first sample was comprised of 66 top management teams of firms drawn from Inc. Magazine’s …

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Why Is The Number Of Dna Bases 4?, Bo Deng Jan 2006

Why Is The Number Of Dna Bases 4?, Bo Deng

Department of Mathematics: Faculty Publications

In this paper we construct a mathematical model for DNA replication based on Shannon’s mathematical theory for communication. We treatDNAreplication as a communication channel. We show that the mean replication rate is maximal with four nucleotide bases under the primary assumption that the pairing time of the G–C bases is between 1.65 and 3 times the pairing time of the A–T bases.

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Myxozoan Genera: Definition And Notes On Taxonomy, Life-Cycle Terminology And Pathogenic Species, Jiří Lom, Iva Dyková Jan 2006

Myxozoan Genera: Definition And Notes On Taxonomy, Life-Cycle Terminology And Pathogenic Species, Jiří Lom, Iva Dyková

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Library Materials

A list of myxozoan genera is presented in the current taxonomical scheme. These genera are defined; their type species and most important pathogens along with their hosts are listed. Simultaneously, definitions of actinospore stages representing sexual stages of the myxosporean life cycle are given; altogether, 17 actinospore collective groups with 180 types have been described. Life cycles of the two classes of the phylum Myxozoa, Malacosporea and Myxosporea, are briefly outlined with specification of the appropriate terms. Up to now, 4 malacosporean and 2,180 myxosporean species assigned to a total of 62 genera, have been established. The surviving classification of …

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Genetic And Morphological Comparisons Of New And Old World Populations Of Spalangia Species (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae), David B. Taylor, Roger Moon, Gary Gibson, Allen L. Szalanski Jan 2006

Genetic And Morphological Comparisons Of New And Old World Populations Of Spalangia Species (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae), David B. Taylor, Roger Moon, Gary Gibson, Allen L. Szalanski

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

The genetic similarity of New and Old World samples of Spalangia spp. (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae) was examined using two ribosomalDNAregions. The species examined were Spalangia cameroni Perkins, Spalangia endius Walker, Spalangia gemina Bouček, Spalangia nigra Latreille, Spalangia nigroaenea Curtis, and Spalangia slovaca Bouček. Two species of Muscidifurax, Muscidifurax raptor Girault & Sanders and Muscidifurax zaraptor Kogan & Legner (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae) were included as outgroup taxa. The internal transcribed spacer (ITS)-1 region was highly variable among Spalangia species with many insertions/deletions making alignment of the sequences difÞcult. The D2-D3 region of the 28s ribosomal gene and the nuclear rDNA 18s gene were …

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Effects Of Temperature On Development Of Phormia Regina (Diptera: Calliphoridae) And Use Of Developmental Data In Determining Time Intervals In Forensic Entomology, P. D. Nabity, Leon G. Higley, Tiffany M. Heng-Moss Jan 2006

Effects Of Temperature On Development Of Phormia Regina (Diptera: Calliphoridae) And Use Of Developmental Data In Determining Time Intervals In Forensic Entomology, P. D. Nabity, Leon G. Higley, Tiffany M. Heng-Moss

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

Precise developmental data for forensic indicator blow fly species are essential for accuracy in the estimate of the post-mortem interval (PMI). Why, then, does the determination of the PMI result in conflicting time frames when published conspecific developmental data are used? To answer this question, we conducted constant temperature trials between the developmental minimum temperature and upper threshold temperatures (8-32 degrees C) on the forensically important blow fly species Phormia regina (Meigen) (Diptera: Calliphoridae). Flies were reared using two designs to quantify sources of variation. We measured rearing container temperatures and internal growth chamber temperatures by using thermocouples to accurately …

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Oil-Soluble Dyes For Marking Spodoptera Frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), Elis Christine Vilarinho, Odair Aparecido Fernandes, Celso Omoto, Thomas E. Hunt Jan 2006

Oil-Soluble Dyes For Marking Spodoptera Frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), Elis Christine Vilarinho, Odair Aparecido Fernandes, Celso Omoto, Thomas E. Hunt

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

Although various biological aspects of Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) have been examined, adult movement and dispersal of this insect pest is not well understood. Release-recapture techniques by using marked insects is a useful approach for dispersal studies; however, the marking technique should not significantly affect insect biology or behavior. Therefore, the effect of different concentrations of oil-soluble dyes (Solvent Blue 35 [C.I. 61554], Sudan Red 7B [C.I. 26050], Sudan Black B [26150], Sudan Orange G [C.I. 11920], and Sudan I 103624 [C.I. 12055]) on development, mortality, and fecundity of S. frugiperda was evaluated. Dyes were added to artificial …

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Temperature Effect On Kinetics Of Uptake, Transfer, And Clearance Of [14C]Noviflumuron In Eastern Subterranean Termites (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae), Neil A. Spomer, Shripat T. Kamble Jan 2006

Temperature Effect On Kinetics Of Uptake, Transfer, And Clearance Of [14C]Noviflumuron In Eastern Subterranean Termites (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae), Neil A. Spomer, Shripat T. Kamble

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

[14C]Noviflumuron uptake, clearance, rate of excretion, and transfer from treated to untreated termite workers were evaluated at 15, 19, 23, and 27°C. Feeding units were constructed from plastic containers provisioned with washed sand, distilled water, [14C]noviflumuron-treated feeding discs (0.05 or 0.5% [AI]), and Reticulitermes flavipes (Kollar) workers. Feeding units were held in environmental growth chambers preset at 15, 19, 23, and 27°C. The amount of [14C]noviflumuron present within R. flavipes was measured by scintillation counting and subsequently quantified. Uptake of noviflumuron by R. flavipes workers at 15°C was ≈2.8 times less than at 19 …

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Relative Index Of Susceptibility To The Maize Weevil, Sitophilus Zeamais, Among Some Qpm Corn Lines, Jamilton P. Santos, Paulo E. O. Guimaraes, Jose M. Waquil, John E. Foster Jan 2006

Relative Index Of Susceptibility To The Maize Weevil, Sitophilus Zeamais, Among Some Qpm Corn Lines, Jamilton P. Santos, Paulo E. O. Guimaraes, Jose M. Waquil, John E. Foster

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

The maize weevil, Sitophilus zeamais, is one important pest of stored corn grain. It is difficult to control and causes large weight and nutritional losses to the grains. The discovery of the gene Opaque-2 (O-2) that enhances the protein quality with Lysine and Tryptophane opened new perspectives to use corn to feed monogastric animals and for human nutrition. However, the soft and farinaceous consistency of the endosperm in the O-2 gene corn increased the susceptibility to maize weevil. To solve this problem the O-2 gene was transferred to normal corn. This new corn was called Quality Protein Maize (QPM). …

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The Earth All Around Us: Selected Building Stone In Lincoln, Nebraska. A Walking Tour, William J. Wayne Jan 2006

The Earth All Around Us: Selected Building Stone In Lincoln, Nebraska. A Walking Tour, William J. Wayne

Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences: Faculty Publications

Stone has been a primary building material for millennia. Cities, therefore, are treasure troves of earth materials. A wide variety of stones from many places are used for walls, as foundations to support entire buildings, as trim, and more recently as cladding (facing, an overlay). The Earth science teacher can find, in the limited space of an urban environment, a superb collection of stones with which to introduce students to these materials. The surfaces of stones on the outsides of buildings illustrate the durability and the vulnerability of each kind of stone to the local climate. And the history of …

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E(Fg)2: A New Fixed-Grid Shape Optimization Method, Florin Bobaru Ph.D., Srinivas Rachakonda Jan 2006

E(Fg)2: A New Fixed-Grid Shape Optimization Method, Florin Bobaru Ph.D., Srinivas Rachakonda

Department of Engineering Mechanics: Faculty Publications

We propose a shape optimization method over a fixed grid. Nodes at the intersection with the fixed grid lines track the domain’s boundary. These “floating” boundary nodes are the only ones that can move/appear/disappear in the optimization process. The element-free Galerkin (EFG) method, used for the analysis problem, provides a simple way to create these nodes. The fixed grid (FG) defines integration cells for EFG method. We project the physical domain onto the FG and numerical integration is performed over partially cut cells. The integration procedure converges quadratically. The performance of the method is shown with examples from shape optimization …

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The Transcriptome Of Human Oocytes, Arif Murat Kocabas, Javier Crosby, Pablo J. Ross, Hasan H. Otu, Zeki Beyhan, Handan Can, Wai-Leong Tam, Guilherme J. M. Rosa, Robert G. Halgren, Bing Lim, Emilio Fernandez, Jose Bernardo Cibelli Jan 2006

The Transcriptome Of Human Oocytes, Arif Murat Kocabas, Javier Crosby, Pablo J. Ross, Hasan H. Otu, Zeki Beyhan, Handan Can, Wai-Leong Tam, Guilherme J. M. Rosa, Robert G. Halgren, Bing Lim, Emilio Fernandez, Jose Bernardo Cibelli

Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering: Faculty Publications

The identification of genes and deduced pathways from the mature human oocyte can help us better understand oogenesis, folliculogenesis, fertilization, and embryonic development. Human metaphase II oocytes were used within minutes after removal from the ovary, and its transcriptome was compared with a reference sample consisting of a mixture of total RNA from 10 different normal human tissues not including the ovary. RNA amplification was performed by using a unique protocol. Affymetrix Human Genome U133 Plus 2.0 GeneChip arrays were used for hybridizations. Compared with reference samples, there were 5,331 transcripts significantly up-regulated and 7,074 transcripts significantly down-regulated in the …

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A Maximum-Likelihood Approach To Symbolic Indirect Correlation, Ashutosh Joshi, George Nagy, Daniel Lopresti, Sharad C. Seth Jan 2006

A Maximum-Likelihood Approach To Symbolic Indirect Correlation, Ashutosh Joshi, George Nagy, Daniel Lopresti, Sharad C. Seth

School of Computing: Conference and Workshop Papers

Symbolic Indirect Correlation (SIC) is a nonparametric method that offers significant advantages for recognition of ordered unsegmented signals. A previously introduced formulation of SIC based on subgraph-isomorphism requires very large reference sets in the presence of noise. In this paper, we seek to address this issue by formulating SIC classification as a maximum likelihood problem. We present experimental evidence that demonstrates that this new approach is more robust for the problem of online handwriting recognition using noisy input.

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Practical And Predictive Bioinformatics Methods For The Identification Of Potentially Cross-Reactive Protein Matches, Richard E. Goodman Jan 2006

Practical And Predictive Bioinformatics Methods For The Identification Of Potentially Cross-Reactive Protein Matches, Richard E. Goodman

Department of Food Science and Technology: Faculty Publications

A bioinformatics comparison of proteins introduced into food crops through genetic engineering provides a mechanism to identify those proteins that may present an increased risk of allergic reactions for individuals with existing allergies. The goal is to identify proteins that are known to be allergens or are so similar to an allergen that they may induce allergic cross-reactions. Three comparative approaches have traditionally been used, or considered for safety evaluations. One identifies any short (6–8) amino acid segment of the protein that exactly matches a known allergen sequence. The second is an overall primary sequence comparison using Basic Local Alignment …

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Ecologically-Based Participatory Ipm In A Global Context: The Ipm Crsp Model, E. A. Heinrichs Jan 2006

Ecologically-Based Participatory Ipm In A Global Context: The Ipm Crsp Model, E. A. Heinrichs

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

The IPM CRSP develops and implements approaches to IPM that help raise the standard of living and improve the environment in countries around the world. The IPM CRSP model is based on (1) participatory IPM, (2) networking, (3) capacity/institution building, (4) res~h and. technology development and (5) technology ·transfer. Regional programs in Central Asia, East Africa, West Africa, Latin American/Caribbean, Eastern Europe, South Asia and Southeast Asia address problems of a specific region and the global themes, invasive species, information technology and databases, regional diagnostic laboratories, insect transmitted viruses, and impact assessments deal with universal issues. Major crop emphasis is …

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Modulation Of The Coma-Dependent Quorum Response In Bacillus Subtilis By Multiple Rap Proteins And Phr Peptides, Jennifer M. Auchtung, Catherine A. Lee, Alan D. Grossman Jan 2006

Modulation Of The Coma-Dependent Quorum Response In Bacillus Subtilis By Multiple Rap Proteins And Phr Peptides, Jennifer M. Auchtung, Catherine A. Lee, Alan D. Grossman

Department of Food Science and Technology: Faculty Publications

In Bacillus subtilis, extracellular peptide signaling regulates several biological processes. Secreted Phr signaling peptides are imported into the cell and act intracellularly to antagonize the activity of regulators known as Rap proteins. B. subtilis encodes several Rap proteins and Phr peptides, and the processes regulated by many of these Rap proteins and Phr peptides are unknown. We used DNA microarrays to characterize the roles that several rap-phr signaling modules play in regulating gene expression. We found that rapK-phrK regulates the expression of a number of genes activated by the response regulator ComA. ComA activates expression of genes involved in …

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Temperament And Language Skills As Predictors Of Teacher–Child Relationship Quality In Preschool, Kathleen Moritz Rudasill, Sara E. Rimm-Kaufman, Laura M. Justice, Khara Pence Jan 2006

Temperament And Language Skills As Predictors Of Teacher–Child Relationship Quality In Preschool, Kathleen Moritz Rudasill, Sara E. Rimm-Kaufman, Laura M. Justice, Khara Pence

Department of Educational Psychology: Faculty Publications

Current educational policy emphasizes “school readiness” of young children with a premium placed on preschool interventions that facilitate academic and social readiness for children who have had limited learning experiences prior to kindergarten (Rouse, Brooks–Gunn, & McLanahan, 2005). The teacher–child relationship is viewed as a critical mechanism for the effectiveness of interventions (Girolametto, Weitzman, & Greenberg, 2003; National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Early Child Care Research Network, 2003). The purpose of this study was to determine how children’s temperament and language skills predict teacher–child relationship quality. The sample consisted of 99 at-risk preschool students. Three findings emerged: …

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Museum Visitors’ Understanding Of Evolution, Amy N. Spiegel, E. Margaret Evans, Wendy Gram, Judy Diamond Jan 2006

Museum Visitors’ Understanding Of Evolution, Amy N. Spiegel, E. Margaret Evans, Wendy Gram, Judy Diamond

Department of Educational Psychology: Faculty Publications

In spite of overwhelming scientific evidence supporting evolution, a large percentage of the Ameri-can public does not understand or accept the fundamental principles of evolutionary theory. Museums have an important role in educating children and adults about evolution. This paper reviews recent museum visitor studies, which suggest that while visitors are interested in learning about and less likely to reject evolution than the general public, they tend to have a limited understanding of evolutionary concepts. A new conceptual framework, based on developmental research, indicates that visitors reason about evolution differently depending on the type of organism they are considering, applying …

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Long-Distance Dispersal And Population Trends Of Moose In The Central United States, Justin D. Hoffman, Hugh H. Genoways, Jerry R. Choate Jan 2006

Long-Distance Dispersal And Population Trends Of Moose In The Central United States, Justin D. Hoffman, Hugh H. Genoways, Jerry R. Choate

University of Nebraska State Museum: Mammalogy Papers

Dispersal is a basic feature of the natural history of moose. Most information about moose dispersal pertains to short-distance movements because long-distance movements are uncommon and difficult to observe. Since the 1950s, moose populations have been increasing in Minnesota and North Dakota. This may have contributed to several long-distance dispersal events for moose that recently were reported in the central United States. These dispersal events provide an opportunity to investigate both the causes and the biological implications of this rare phenomenon. Herein, we review long-distance dispersal events based on information obtained from a variety of sources. Dispersal routes that could …

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Proximate And Landscape Factors Influence Grassland Bird Distributions, Mary Ann Cunningham, Douglas H. Johnson Jan 2006

Proximate And Landscape Factors Influence Grassland Bird Distributions, Mary Ann Cunningham, Douglas H. Johnson

United States Geological Survey, Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center: Publications

Ecologists increasingly recognize that birds can respond to features well beyond their normal areas of activity, but little is known about the relative importance of landscapes and proximate factors or about the scales of landscapes that influence bird distributions. We examined the influences of tree cover at both proximate and landscape scales on grassland birds, a group of birds of high conservation concern, in the Sheyenne National Grassland in North Dakota, USA. The Grassland contains a diverse array of grassland and woodland habitats. We surveyed breeding birds on 2015 100 m long transect segments during 2002 and 2003. We modeled …

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Influences Of Management Regimes On Breeding Bird Densities And Habitat In Mixed-Grass Prairie: An Example From North Dakota, Andrea A. Lueders, Patricia L. Kennedy, Douglas H. Johnson Jan 2006

Influences Of Management Regimes On Breeding Bird Densities And Habitat In Mixed-Grass Prairie: An Example From North Dakota, Andrea A. Lueders, Patricia L. Kennedy, Douglas H. Johnson

United States Geological Survey, Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center: Publications

It is well known that North American grassland bird populations appear to be declining (Igl and Johnson 1997, Sauer et al. 2004). Most of these birds breed and winter in North America, so declines are likely associated with continental processes (Knopf 1994). Scientists have also observed parallel declines among species that have overlapping breeding ranges but disparate wintering distributions (Igl and Johnson 1997). These patterns suggest declines may be linked to problems on the breeding grounds.

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