Digital Commons Network^™

Direct Synthesis Of Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes Bridging Metal Electrodes By Laser-Assisted Chemical Vapor Deposition, J. Shi, Yongfeng Lu, K.J. Yi, Yushun Lin, Sy_Hwang Liou, J.B. Hou, X.W. Wang

Sy-Hwang Liou Publications

Direct synthesis of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) bridging prepatterned Mo electrodes has been achieved using laser-assisted chemical vapor deposition (LCVD). The synthesized SWNTs are found predominantly semiconducting. By controlling the spot size of the focused laser beam, synthesis of SWNTs can be achieved in a localized manner, which is governed by the thermal and optical properties of materials as well as the laser parameters. The synthesis process is fast and can be achieved in both far- and near-infrared laser wavelength regions. LCVD method provides a potential approach to in situ remove SWNTs with specific chiralities during the growth. © 2006 …

Heliospheric Response To Different Possible Interstellar Environments, Hans-Reinhard Muller, Priscilla C. Frisch, Vladimir Florinski, Gary P. Zank

Dartmouth Scholarship

At present, the heliosphere is embedded in a warm, low-density interstellar cloud that belongs to a cloud system flowing through the local standard of rest with a velocity near ~18 km s^-1. The velocity structure of the nearest interstellar material (ISM), combined with theoretical models of the local interstellar cloud (LIC), suggest that the Sun passes through cloudlets on timescales of ≤10³-10⁴ yr, so the heliosphere has been, and will be, exposed to different interstellar environments over time. By means of a multifluid model that treats plasma and neutral hydrogen self-consistently, the interaction of the …

The Weekend Effect: The Science Suggests That We Are Embarking On An Expensive Policy Which Will Harm The Environment (Presentation), Donald H. Stedman

Fuel Efficiency Automobile Test Publications

No abstract provided.

Closure Of Earthern Manure Structures (Including Basins, Holding Ponds And Lagoons), Don D. Jones, Richard K. Koelsch, Saqib Mukhtar, Ronald Sheffield, John W. Worley

Department of Agricultural and Biological Systems Engineering: Presentations and White Papers

This paper is a summary of what is known scientifically about the closure of earthen manure structures without artificial liners, including lagoons, storage basins, and runoff holding ponds, and what needs to be examined further to increase our understanding of the dynamics of closing them in an environmentally safe manner. This information should be useful as a guide for state regulatory agencies considering rules for closure and for academicians and consultants who work with livestock production facilities.

Scaling And The Smoluchowski Equations, Jerry Goodisman, J. Chaiken

Chemistry - All Scholarship

The Smoluchowski equations, which describe coalescence growth, take into account combination reactions between a j-mer and a k-mer to form a (j+k)-mer, but not breakup of larger clusters to smaller ones. All combination reactions are assumed to be second order, with rate constants K _jk. The K _jk are said to scale if K _λj,γk =λ ^μγ ^μK _jk for j ≤ k. It can then be shown that, for large k, the number density or population of k-mers is given by Ak ^ae ^-bk, where A is a normalization constant (a function of a, …

Cal Poly College Of Engineering 2005-2006 Annual Report, College Of Engineering

College of Engineering Publications and Administrative Reports

No abstract provided.

Creation Of Pair Test Online Application, Kevin R. Hayes

Regis University Student Publications (comprehensive collection)

This project researches, analyzes, designs and implements a software application to provide the ability for the PAIR Test to be automated. Currently, the PAIR Test is only available in an offline/manual format. The offline process is not efficient and the data collected does not get stored into a database. The goal of this project is to enable the PAIR Test to become more efficient and have the ability to store results of the testing process into a database for future data analysis. The system will also remove the manual scoring and relationship profile creation by automating this process, resulting in …

Application Of Scaling And Kinetic Equations To Helium Cluster Size Distributions: Homogeneous Nucleation Of A Nearly Ideal Gas, J. Chaiken, Jerry Goodisman, Oleg Komilov, J. Peter Toennies

Chemistry - All Scholarship

A previously published model of homogeneous nucleation [Villarica et al., J. Chem. Phys. 98, 4610 (1993)] based on the Smoluchowski [Phys. Z. 17, 557 (1916)] equations is used to simulate the experimentally measured size distributions of ⁴He clusters produced in free jet expansions. The model includes only binary collisions and does not consider evaporative effects, so that binary reactive collisions are rate limiting for formation of all cluster sizes despite the need for stabilization of nascent clusters. The model represents these data very well, accounting in some cases for nearly four orders of magnitude in variation in abundance over …

Categorification Of The Colored Jones Polynomial And Rasmussen Invariant Of Links, Anna Beliakova, Stephan Wehrli

Mathematics - All Scholarship

We define a family of formal Khovanov brackets of a colored link depending on two parameters. The isomorphism classes of these brackets are invariants of framed colored links. The Bar-Natan functors applied to these brackets produce Khovanov and Lee homology theories categorifying the colored Jones polynomial. Further, we study conditions under which framed colored link cobordisms induce chain transformations between our formal brackets. We conjecture that, for special choice of parameters, Khovanov and Lee homology theories of colored links are functorial (up to sign). Finally, we extend the Rasmussen invariant to links and give examples, where this invariant is a …

Nonsingular Bouncing Universes In Loop Quantum Cosmology, Parampreet Singh, Kevin Vandersloot, G. V. Vereshchagin

Faculty Publications

Nonperturbative quantum geometric effects in loop quantum cosmology (LQC) predict a ρ2 modification to the Friedmann equation at high energies. The quadratic term is negative definite and can lead to generic bounces when the matter energy density becomes equal to a critical value of the order of the Planck density. The nonsingular bounce is achieved for arbitrary matter without violation of positive energy conditions. By performing a qualitative analysis we explore the nature of the bounce for inflationary and cyclic model potentials. For the former we show that inflationary trajectories are attractors of the dynamics after the bounce implying that …

Perchlorate And Nitrate Remediation Efficiency And Microbial Diversity In A Containerized Wetland Bioreactor, Paula Krauter, Bill Daily Jr., Valerie Dibley, Holly Pinkart, Tina Legler

All Faculty Scholarship for the College of the Sciences

We have developed a method to remove perchlorate (14–27 μg/L) and nitrate (48 mg/L) from contaminated groundwater using a wetland bioreactor. The bioreactor has operated continuously in a remote field location for more than 2 yr with a stable ecosystem of indigenous organisms. This study assesses the bioreactor for long-term perchlorate and nitrate remediation by evaluating influent and effluent groundwater for oxidation-reduction conditions and nitrate and perchlorate concentrations. Total community DNA was extracted and purified from 10-g sediment samples retrieved from vertical coring of the bioreactor during winter. Analysis by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis of short, 16S rDNA, polymerase-chain-reaction products …

Multicentered Integrated Qm:Qm Methods For Weakly Bound Clusters: An Efficient And Accurate 2-Body:Many-Body Treatment Of Hydrogen Bonding And Van Der Waals Interactions, Gregory S. Tschumper

Chemistry Faculty Research & Creative Works

An efficient integrated QM:QM technique for the description of weakly bound clusters is presented. The computational technique described here takes advantage of the recently developed multicentered (MC) integrated QM:QM methods and reliably describes hydrogen bonding and van der Waals interactions by treating all 2-body interactions with a high-level QM method and the many-body interactions with a low-level QM method. Even for small clusters of He, Ne, HF, and water, the MC QM:QM methods are typically 1-3 orders of magnitude faster than the high-level method while introducing an error of less than 1% in the interaction energy. © 2006 Elsevier B.V. …

Tool For The Identification Of Differentially Expressed Genes Using A User-Defined Threshold, Renikko Alleyne

Theses

Microarray and 2D gel experiments are used for the large scale measurement, and comparison of gene expression. Since these experiments generate large and complex amounts of data, a great challenge the researcher faces is trying to find ways to analyze this data. This paper focuses on the tool DiffExpress, which was designed to make the gene expression analysis process easier. One of the main features of DiffExpress is the user defined threshold which allows users to set their personal restriction of the expression change at which genes are differentially expressed. DiffExpress also makes use of graphs such as the Scatter …

Prediction Markets For Corporate Governance, Michael Abramowicz, Todd Henderson

ExpressO

Building on the success of prediction markets at forecasting political elections and other matters of public interest, firms have made increasing use of prediction markets to help make business decisions. This Article explores the implications of prediction markets for corporate governance. Prediction markets can increase the flow of information, encourage truth telling by internal and external firm monitors, and create incentives for agents to act in the interest of their principals. The markets can thus serve as potentially efficient alternatives to other approaches to providing information, such as the Sarbanes-Oxley Act’s internal controls provisions. Prediction markets can also produce an …

Application Of Microspacecraft Design Methods To The Development Of A Miniature, Low Cost Star Tracker For Microspace Applications , Bill Seng, Rick Fleeter

Small Satellite Conference

The paper follows the entire product evolution life cycle, illustrating how small, low cost space engineering and design methods have been translated to the design of a subsystem. This description includes subsystem specifications, technologies, materials and layout, operating modes, development and test methods – including prototyping and achieving flight ready status – and even extends to the marketing approach now being instituted. AeroAstro has successfully executed this low-cost approach for subsystems ranging from optical sensors to radios and actuators with consistent results. We show in the paper how the lessons learned in 20+ years of microspacecraft experience can and should …

The Brite Space Telescope: A Nanosatellite Constellation For High-Precision Photometry Of The Brightest Stars, Norman Deschamps, Cordell Grant, Dan Foisy, Robert Zee, Anthony Moffat, Werner Weiss

Small Satellite Conference

The BRITE-Constellation is a group of Canadian/Austrian nanosatellites that will examine the apparently brightest stars in the sky for variability using precise differential photometry. The constellation consists of four low Earth-orbiting nanosatellites, divided into pairs, with each member of a pair having a different optical filter. Each BRITE satellite will observe a region of interest for up to 100 days or longer, allowing measurement of stellar variability on the order of hours to months. Each BRITE satellite utilizes a number of new, innovative technologies including reaction wheels, star tracker and optical telescope, all sized and designed around Space Flight Laboratory’s …

The Darpa / Usaf Falcon Program Small Launch Vehicles, David Weeks, Steven Walker, Tim Thompson, Robert Sackheim, John London Iii

Small Satellite Conference

Earlier in this decade, the U.S. Air Force Space Command and the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA), in recognizing the need for low-cost responsive small launch vehicles, decided to partner in addressing this national shortcoming. Later, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) joined in supporting this effort, dubbed the Falcon Program. The objectives of the Small Launch Vehicle (SLV) element of the DARPA / USAF Falcon Program include the development of a low-cost small launch vehicle(s) that demonstrates responsive launch and has the potential for achieving a per mission cost of less than $5M when based on 20 …

Stochastic Orbital Lifetime Analysis, Kandyce Goodliff, David Cornelius, Washito Sasamoto

Small Satellite Conference

Given the dynamic environment in which spacecraft exist, a better methodology for performing orbital lifetime analyses over the current practice of point analyses was desired. The approach chosen was to utilize Monte Carlo based predictions, which provides the ability to gauge the probability of meeting mission lifetime goals, as well as identifying driving factors. The Monte Carlo analysis, called Orbital Lifetime Monte Carlo (OLMC), is based on the NASA Langley Research Center long term orbit propagator Orbital Lifetime. OLMC incorporates the ability to model variations in predictions of solar flux levels and timing of associated peaks, the variation in launch …

The Missing Theory Of Variable Selection In The Economic Analysis Of Tort Law, James M. Anderson

ExpressO

The Article argues that the economic analysis of tort law has yet to satisfactorily answer a critical threshold question: which of the many inputs that lead to an accident should be included in a court’s liability analysis? As a result of this missing theory, the economic analysis of tort law provides indeterminate prescriptions. The Article shows how three separate areas of the literature can be seen as being about the general problem of which variables to include in the liability test and the tension between short- and long-run optima. The Article proposes an analytical framework—a continuum from short to long …

Council On Academic Affairs Minutes, Aug 17, 2006, Eastern Kentucky University

Council on Academic Affairs

No abstract provided.

Dunleavy V. Montville

2006 Decisions

USDC for the District of New Jersey

Otter Realm, August 17, 2006, California State University, Monterey Bay

The Otter Realm

Beyond College Dining -- Campus construction continues -- The Otter Realm and the new age of journalism -- Residential life delays east housing permits -- New UPD office ready to protect and serve -- What's new at CSUMB dining facilities -- Can you spare some change? College tuition and loan interest rates are going up at exponential rates -- Southern Belle turned Californian: CSUMB's new President Harrison has vast interests -- Acronym Navigator -- Local Quality, Value, And Ambiance -- Coast of Versatility -- The Suborbitals' debut album rolls...and rocks -- "Happy Accidents" is a happy accident -- The Resident …

Ten Exceptional Entering Freshmen Receive Lott Leadership Scholarships, Tobie Baker

University of Mississippi News

Since it was founded in 1848, the University of Mississippi has nurtured state and national leaders, and that tradition continues including special training opportunities through the Trent Lott Leadership Institute.

Seasonal Changes In The Rumen Microbial Ecology Of Muskoxen, Annie R. Crater

Biological Sciences

Ruminal fermentation must respond to seasonal changes in the behavior and digestive function of muskoxen (Ovibos moschatus) as intakes of food and water rise in autumn (August - October) and decline from winter to spring (November - May). Rumen temperatures were not static but instead were punctuated by decreases of as much as 13°C below the average of 39°C. Declines in rumen temperature were associated with water ingestion while gains in rumen temperature were associated with feeding. Food intake and water turnover rates were positively correlated. Direct microscopic counts of bacteria in rumen fluid decreased from 1.8 to 0.9 X …

A Dendroclimatological Study Of Long-Term Growth Patterns Of Yellow-Cedar Trees In Southeast Alaska, Scott E. Sink

Forest Sciences

Yellow-cedar is a very long-lived, commercially important tree species found along the coasts of Southeast Alaska and also in small populations in Prince William Sound. However, this is the first study of the tree's annual ring growth patterns in the region. Tree cores were collected from over 400 trees across a large latitudinal gradient and cross-dated using standard dendrochronological techniques. Radial tree-ring growth was measured and compared to reconstructed weather station data to gain a better understanding of the climatic conditions favoring yellow-cedar growth. We found consistent, significant positive correlations between ring widths and mean monthly temperatures in August, previous …

Interview With Ted Morris, Dayton Meat Company, 2006 (Audio), Ted Morris

All Sustainability History Project Oral Histories

Interview of Ted Morris by Matt Witke on August 17th, 2006.

The interview index is available for download.

Efficient Large Scale Acquisition Of Building Interiors, Gleb Bahmutov

Department of Computer Science Technical Reports

No abstract provided.

Campus Chronicle (Vol. 9, No. 2), Valparaiso University

Campus Chronicle

No abstract provided.

Population Genetic Structure And Phylogeography Of Common Eiders (Somateria Mollissima), Sarah A. Sonsthagen

Biological Sciences

Population genetic structure of Common Eiders (Somateria mollissima) was assessed at increasing spatial scales (microgeographic [<1 km] to throughout their circumpolar distribution), using molecular markers with varying modes of inheritance and rates of evolution. Population genetic subdivision was observed at all spatial scales; however, the degree of structure differed among marker types. Relatively lower levels of spatial genetic structuring were observed at bi-parentally inherited markers, and high levels of structuring were observed at a maternally inherited locus. Differences in the degree of subdivision between marker types may be attributable to the breeding biology of eiders. Pair formation occurs on the wintering grounds; where several populations of eiders interact. Female eiders exhibit high natal and breeding philopatry; whereas, males accompany females back to breeding sites and may disperse long distances between breeding seasons. Significant structuring observed at microgeographic scales indicates that eiders may nest in kin groups. Though the underlying mechanism enabling female eiders to discriminate kin is unknown, waterfowl may achieve kin recognition indirectly through association during brood rearing. Genetic signatures of philopatry among Common Eider populations do vary among Alaskan populations. No genetic structuring at mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) was observed among islands in the Beaufort Sea in close geographic proximity (1-49 km apart). However, high structuring was observed among island groups, suggesting females are philopatric to island groups rather than individual islands. In contrast, moderate levels of genetic partitioning for mtDNA were observed among Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta (YKD) colonies (9-63 km apart); therefore, female eiders may be philopatric to individual colonies. MtDNA haplotypes representing Aleutian and YKD populations are more genetically similar to Canadian and Scandinavian populations than northern Alaska populations, indicating that southern Alaskan populations were colonized from central Canadian refugia. Data indicate that the North Slope may have been a refugium for eiders but contributed little to the post-glacial colonization of North America and Scandinavia. Finally, philopatry and winter site fidelity observed in waterfowl have predictable effects on population genetic structure. Researchers characterizing populations using molecular techniques could under- or over-estimate the degree of population genetic differentiation if estimates are based on a single marker type.

Permafrost And Wildlife Influences On Stream Nutrient Dynamics And Metabolism In Boreal Forest Watersheds Of Interior Alaska, Emma F. Betts

Biological Sciences

In the boreal forest of interior Alaska, both permafrost and wildfire impact stream solute concentrations, but their effect on stream function is unknown. This research focused on the effects of wildfire and permafrost on stream nutrient dynamics and metabolism in the Caribou Poker Creeks Research Watershed (CPCRW) in interior Alaska. Wildfire impact on chemistry was determined through comparison of pre- and post-fire stream chemistry in a control and a burned watershed. We predicted that increased nutrient and decreased dissolved organic carbon (DOC) delivery to streams after fire would stimulate gross primary productivity (GPP) and reduce ecosystem respiration in burned watersheds. …