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2004

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Designing For Experiential And 'Aspirational' Needs: Observations Of Student Design Activity., Jonathan Talbot, Stephen Ward Nov 2004

Designing For Experiential And 'Aspirational' Needs: Observations Of Student Design Activity., Jonathan Talbot, Stephen Ward

DRS Biennial Conference Series

The work reported in this paper investigates the application, within the industrial design education context, of methods of inquiry and design problem-framing derived from social research disciplines. The notion of developing more holistic approaches to human factors in design which incorporate affective and socio-cultural needs has gained some currency in recent years. Developments in this area have resulted in the proposal of a range of tools and methods such as Jordan’s (2000) ‘New Human Factors’ and Watts-Perotti and Sanders’ (2000) ‘Generative User Needs Analysis’. The issues addressed by these tools and methods are clearly not new to design. To a …

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Context Of Use And User's Experience: An Exploratory Study In The Product Design Domain., Marianella Chamorro-Koc, Vesna Popovic, Michael Emmison Nov 2004

Context Of Use And User's Experience: An Exploratory Study In The Product Design Domain., Marianella Chamorro-Koc, Vesna Popovic, Michael Emmison

DRS Biennial Conference Series

This paper reports on an ongoing empirical study that explores context of use and user’s experience as relevant issues for the design of product usability. Its experimental approach focuses on investigating the nature of the differences between the designers’ and the users’ concept formulation about everyday artefacts in regard to their context of use. Visual representation of artefacts and verbal reports were used to elicit such information from users and designers during the experiment. Initial outcomes indicate that the main difference between the user’s and designer’s concepts and knowledge is mostly due to their individual experience within the context that …

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Kansei Design Approach Based On Tangible Interaction Explicit Images Of 3d Objects And Evaluation Of Various Behaviors Related With Creation/Imagination By Analysis Of Brain Waves., Sunghee Lee Nov 2004

Kansei Design Approach Based On Tangible Interaction Explicit Images Of 3d Objects And Evaluation Of Various Behaviors Related With Creation/Imagination By Analysis Of Brain Waves., Sunghee Lee

DRS Biennial Conference Series

This study aims to provide an understanding of the Kansei evaluation model in human sciences and its practical use of design interaction. Kansei means subjective criteria work on the emotional aspects of events (Lee, 2000). In a previous study (Lee, 2001), we found several effects of Kansei for evaluation when people appreciate or create paintings or products. This paper describes how Kansei works on design approaches and the relationship it has with personality through brain waves. And finally shows some examples of practical Kansei design approach by tangible interaction. Kansei works differently by people, events, and environments and it brings …

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Increasing Competitiveness Through The Application Of Product Design As Knowledge Creation Management., Jurie Groenewald Nov 2004

Increasing Competitiveness Through The Application Of Product Design As Knowledge Creation Management., Jurie Groenewald

DRS Biennial Conference Series

The business environment in the new millennium is becoming more competitive because of the new globalised economy and the resultant increase in customer expectations. In response, companies are increasing their competitiveness through more efficient and effective Knowledge Management (KM). Increasing a company’s competitiveness there-fore means increasing its knowledge base through inter alia innovation. The problem is that most existing KM systems are dependent on ad hoc occurrences of innovation. In contrast, the design process can systematically produce innovation and can therefore be used as a Knowledge Creation Management tool. The process whereby New Product Design systematically uses existing knowledge and …

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Strange Manifestations Of Three-Dimensional Intelligence In The Digital Era., Martin John Richardson, Steven Brown Nov 2004

Strange Manifestations Of Three-Dimensional Intelligence In The Digital Era., Martin John Richardson, Steven Brown

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Digital holography is arguably the most advanced form of visual recording to date. But are holograms "mere" recordings of objective visual reality or creative artefacts capable of expression, interpretation and deception? The same question was asked of photography in the early 19th century. Dismissed originally by artists as a mechanical recording medium, it became in the hands of pioneers such as Bresson and Brandt a subtle artistic tool capable of the most delicate expression and artful deception. Skilfully selective framing of the image, manipulation of objects and lighting in the scene can transform the banal into the dramatic or reduce …

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Development Of Complex Products: Design Guidelines For Product Designers., Mark Goellner, Sarah Wakes, Christopher T Shaw Nov 2004

Development Of Complex Products: Design Guidelines For Product Designers., Mark Goellner, Sarah Wakes, Christopher T Shaw

DRS Biennial Conference Series

The paper discusses the development of generic and practically aimed design guidelines for product designers working with complex products. Research has been undertaken to investigate the usefulness and usability of these guidelines. A pilot-study with student- and academic-designers in New Zealand reveals that the product design guidelines in form of a checklist are generally of great interest to support complex design projects, but also that the format and usability of the generic design guidelines needs to be improved to become a useful and powerful tool for the designers.

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Collaborative Design Activity: The Inclusion Of Human Affect Processes In Design Theory About Collaboration In Design., Terence Love Nov 2004

Collaborative Design Activity: The Inclusion Of Human Affect Processes In Design Theory About Collaboration In Design., Terence Love

DRS Biennial Conference Series

his paper reports the findings of research aimed at identifying appropriate ways forward in building design theory about collaborative design activities that take into account new research findings from cognitive neuro-science about the roles of affect, emotion and feeling in human interactions and perceptions. Human affective processes are essential to many aspects of collaborative designing. These include: individual design cognition; communication between collaborators and stakeholders; individual understanding, valuing and judging of elements of design problems and solutions; optimisation processes; individual and group closure processes; power-based/ hegemonic manipulations; and negotiations about elements of design problem, design solution and design processes. The …

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Disseminating Design Research: The Contribution Of Visual Communication In Capturing And Translating Design Knowing., Lisa Grocott Nov 2004

Disseminating Design Research: The Contribution Of Visual Communication In Capturing And Translating Design Knowing., Lisa Grocott

DRS Biennial Conference Series

When the engineers embrace market stalls and life scientists design poster case studies, you wonder why the design research community continues to favour the conferred authority of the written word. As medical research is communicated through sophisticated visualisations you ask if there is a complementary language for disseminating design research that could live up to the rich complexity of the creative process. Could alternative dissemination models accommodate and respect the realm of design as one of possibilities (Dilnot 1998)? Can the voice adopted for disseminating the research speak to the visual literacy of design practitioners? These questions introduce the potential …

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The Influence Of Using Scenario For Idea Generation In Industrial Design, Hau-Rung Chu, Hung Zheng, Yu Ma, Chun-Di Chen Nov 2004

The Influence Of Using Scenario For Idea Generation In Industrial Design, Hau-Rung Chu, Hung Zheng, Yu Ma, Chun-Di Chen

DRS Biennial Conference Series

During the design development, the continuity of design reasoning to produce concepts might be blocked for some reasons. Therefore, designers employ a few methods to facilitate the production of design concepts. One of the methods for such a goal suggested in literature is “scenario method” (Chen, 2000). By giving examples to illustrate how to use the scenario method, many studies have highly confirmed the value of scenario method in enriching the production of design concepts. Arguably, the previous studies interesting in scenario method mainly re-confirm the usability of this method, but fail to provide information about how it is useful …

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Architecture In The Space Between., Scott Gowans, Richard M Wright Nov 2004

Architecture In The Space Between., Scott Gowans, Richard M Wright

DRS Biennial Conference Series

The question for architects is always how to begin. This proposal attempts to illustrate a design methodology that is characterised by its attention to non-traditional generators. The focus of the paper is the definition of an innovative design process characterised by the production of an architectonic language through the observation of the ephemeral and the transitory (the quanta of place), and which pays cognisance to the realization of a three-dimensional narrative, placing value upon the products of investigation as well as the resultant design. As the title suggests the process outlined concerns itself with the examination of the ephemeral, the …

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Creating A Design Knowledge Network., Kathryn Burns, Jack Ingram Nov 2004

Creating A Design Knowledge Network., Kathryn Burns, Jack Ingram

DRS Biennial Conference Series

In the United Kingdom, there have been a number of national and regional initiatives to develop the application of design in small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs). Design-led manufacturing is seen as the principal means by which SMEs in traditional industries can combat the threat of low cost overseas labour and compete successfully in the global marketplace. There is also a complementary movement to develop clusters of companies and other bodies in various industrial sectors. This paper describes the experience of the Design Knowledge Network, a £1.5m project part-funded by the European Union and Advantage West Midlands, the West Midlands …

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The Idealist Practice Of Reflection: Typologies, Techniques And Ideologies For Design Researchers., Cameron Tonkinwise Nov 2004

The Idealist Practice Of Reflection: Typologies, Techniques And Ideologies For Design Researchers., Cameron Tonkinwise

DRS Biennial Conference Series

The following will attempt clarify and complexify the notion of reflective practice. Ironically, invocations of reflective practice are often themselves not at all reflective of the consequences associated with where this practice comes from. (Ecclestone 1996) Ignorance of the genealogy of reflective practice risks the practice of reflective practice being insufficiently reflective. Awareness of that geneaology opens reflective practice to more effective techniques that are otherwise missed, whilst also limiting claims about the effectivity of reflective practice more generally. To put this another way, Donald Schon’s notion of reflective practice is appealing because of its pragmatism. Developed from American pragmatist …

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Appropriate Theory., Ranulph Glanville Nov 2004

Appropriate Theory., Ranulph Glanville

DRS Biennial Conference Series

The relationships that may exist between two entities are examined, and interpreted when the entities are theory and design. Relationships that sustain theory and design, together, are isolated. A test for the appropriateness of a theory to its subject is introduced. The importance of developing this test is indicated. Ways of building theory that avoid the need for an appropriateness test are also explored. The benefits and weaknesses of these various understandings are considered. While some of the work presented here is already established, the means of establishing it and the degree of abstraction are novel.

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Texture Synthesis Algorithm For Graphics Designers., Meng-Dar Shieh, Yu-Le Lin Nov 2004

Texture Synthesis Algorithm For Graphics Designers., Meng-Dar Shieh, Yu-Le Lin

DRS Biennial Conference Series

The objective of this research is to develop a texture synthesis algorithm to help graphic designers generate 3D graphics that are important for improving the realism of objects and scenes. Generally, a small texture image is used to cover a large-area ground object – such as pastureland, hills, mountains, or a street paved with pebbles – by simple tiling. However, texture tiling leaves unacceptable traces in the form of visible repetition and seams. Recently, texture synthesis has been well studied and, it is hoped, the solution to this problem is close at hand. The patch-based texture synthesis algorithm is one …

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Designing The Performative Object: A Study In Designing Mindful Interaction Through Artefacts., Kristina Niedderer Nov 2004

Designing The Performative Object: A Study In Designing Mindful Interaction Through Artefacts., Kristina Niedderer

DRS Biennial Conference Series

This study set out to investigate whether and how artefacts can be designed to influence the quality of social interaction. In particular, I examined how artefacts can stimulate the user’s behaviour by means of their function, and whether this stimulation can cause mindful reflection and interaction. I developed the concept of the Performative Object (PO) to describe objects with these qualities of interaction. At the core of the study was the concern with identifying the PO as a separate category of definable design objects. The paper presents part of a larger study. It presents a summary of the analysis of …

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Human-Centred Design Issues For Immersive Media Spaces., Toni Robertson, Tim Mansfield, Lian Loke Nov 2004

Human-Centred Design Issues For Immersive Media Spaces., Toni Robertson, Tim Mansfield, Lian Loke

DRS Biennial Conference Series

This paper is about the design of BYSTANDER, an immersive environment composed of image sequences of still photographs, texts and sound. BYSTANDER is designed for a largish (minimum three by four metres), darkened gallery or museum space with eight channels of sound and four large projection screens configured as a four-walled room. It is the latest work in a suite of multimedia artworks ‘Life After Wartime’ created since 1999 by Ross Gibson and Kate Richards, assisted by a production team that has included a graphic designer, a composer and several programmers. This paper examines the role traditional human-centred design methods …

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Craft Histories, Textile Futures: Emotional Affectivity And Design Hybridity In Quilt Design., Catherine Harper Nov 2004

Craft Histories, Textile Futures: Emotional Affectivity And Design Hybridity In Quilt Design., Catherine Harper

DRS Biennial Conference Series

This paper discusses how innovative textile design materials, processes, products and technologies might develop in ‘textile design futures’ by taking note of the emotional affectivity of traditional craft methods and aesthetics. Specifically, North American 19th Century quilts are activated as models for new poetic hybrids in conceptual and functional textile design. Archival material, contemporary design practice, and my own textile designs will be used as examples to support my proposals.

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Hermeneutic Phenomenology As A Method For Reflection In User-Centred Designing., Stella Boess, David Durling, Cherie Lebbon, Christopher Maggs Nov 2004

Hermeneutic Phenomenology As A Method For Reflection In User-Centred Designing., Stella Boess, David Durling, Cherie Lebbon, Christopher Maggs

DRS Biennial Conference Series

This paper seeks to contribute to the development of tools through which design can reflect on its own efforts and effects. User research and the carrying out of a user- centred design task had raised questions on the self-conception of a user-centred designer vis-à-vis those he/she designs for. Hermeneutic phenomenology was adopted as a methodology for critical reflection on a designer’s own activity of user-centred designing. This paper discusses hermeneutic phenomenology as a methodology for reflection on user-centred designing, laying out some of its elements and discussing its applicability to design. It is hoped that this discussion might lead to …

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Websites And Values - Genres And Styles As Socio-Cultural Indicators., Ida Engholm, Karen Lisa Goldschmidt Salamon Nov 2004

Websites And Values - Genres And Styles As Socio-Cultural Indicators., Ida Engholm, Karen Lisa Goldschmidt Salamon

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Since the appearance of the world wide web during the early 1990s, the interface of the internet has undergone a radical metamorphosis. From being a primitive, text–based medium, it has become an advanced and complex hyper-media representing multiple forms of design. Initially, the web was mainly a playground for private experiments. However, as increasingly culturally sensitive companies and organisations entered the scene, it became more professionalized and a certain degree of standardisation took place. The development of webdesign converged into particular groups and genres based on similarity of content and style and structured according to cultural taxonomies created by professionals …

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Morphologic Study Of Laminates Obtained From Straight And Curved Folds, Naoko Takeda Nov 2004

Morphologic Study Of Laminates Obtained From Straight And Curved Folds, Naoko Takeda

DRS Biennial Conference Series

The following work presents an alternative for generating innovative forms, which can be applied in product design. The most recurred idea representation and form generator in traditional design has been “sketch”. This technique provides a means to represent the abstract ideas a designer’s mind generates in a material world, which in turn generates new formal ideas. The ideas a designer generates are actual databases in the mental archive made through experiences obtained throughout his life. This methodology is limited by the designer's imagination, frequently presenting a repeating cycle, each time with less innovative elements. The morphologic approach is a method …

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An Investigation Of Taiwanese Diet., Chia-An Cheng, Dengchuan Cai, Hsin-Fu Huang Nov 2004

An Investigation Of Taiwanese Diet., Chia-An Cheng, Dengchuan Cai, Hsin-Fu Huang

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Generally speaking, when we refer to the ‘culture of diet’, it means the content and style of the local culture that presented in our daily diet. In Taiwan, a large proportion of people are used to have meals out because they are busy at work, and this phenomenon has lead to the formation of a special diet called ‘Taiwanese buffet’. ‘Taiwanese buffet’ attracts consumers from a wide range of age due to its lower cost and various selections of the dishes. The aim of this study is to understand the condition of the present Taiwanese buffet and also how the …

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Designing Time: A Laboratory For Time Based Design., Birger Sevaldson Nov 2004

Designing Time: A Laboratory For Time Based Design., Birger Sevaldson

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Designing Time is an experimental design studio at the Oslo School of Architecture, where the students are engaged in time based issues. The studio serves as a laboratory to invent, develop and test strategies and techniques relevant to time based design. Working with time helps students to develop the ability to investigate relations and systems and to understand these through time based analyses and abstraction. Working with time starts from observations of real life phenomena The observations ultimately lead to discovery of opportunities for interventions and in some cases innovation. The essay goes through several concepts and cases of time …

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Discovering And Extracting Knowledge In The Design Project., Carl Disalvo, Jodi Forlizzi, Francine Gemperle Nov 2004

Discovering And Extracting Knowledge In The Design Project., Carl Disalvo, Jodi Forlizzi, Francine Gemperle

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Over the last twenty years, the rapid adoption of the graphical user interface followed by the emergence of the World Wide Web has created an increasing demand for interaction designers and interaction design research. Knowledge generated by interaction designers is needed not only by other designers, but also by researchers and practitioners from other disciplines. This evolution has generated increasing pressure for more refined models of design research and design research dissemination. To address this problem, we first explore the evolution of design documentation, detailing how it has evolved to meet the changing needs of designers. Then we present an …

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Friends Of The Children Fund Offers Assistance For Families, Kezia Pigford Nov 2004

Friends Of The Children Fund Offers Assistance For Families, Kezia Pigford

University of Mississippi News

OXFORD, Miss. - University of Mississippi employees and students with critically ill children can get help through a new program started by Ole Miss faculty, staff and students.

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The Utility Of Design Vision: The Crisis Of The Artificial., Mark Roxburgh Nov 2004

The Utility Of Design Vision: The Crisis Of The Artificial., Mark Roxburgh

DRS Biennial Conference Series

This research explores the effect on visual communication design of the differences between what is observed (seen), how that is recorded (documented) and what is subsequently projected to viewers (designed).

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New Tools For The Teaching Of Communication Design., Paul Cleveland Nov 2004

New Tools For The Teaching Of Communication Design., Paul Cleveland

DRS Biennial Conference Series

The basics of graphic design education have remained almost unchanged over the past 25 years. Apart from the introduction of computers and software as enabling tools, the concepts of what makes good design still relies on a mentoring or apprenticeship system. Knowledge and experience are transferred to the student through project work critiques, or by the analysis of seminal exemplars. Recent developments in generative design and computational models of focal visual attention indicate that software education tools for design based on professional experience and communications research can facilitate targeted design solutions.

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Designers And Their Clients: An Anthropological View., Alun Price Nov 2004

Designers And Their Clients: An Anthropological View., Alun Price

DRS Biennial Conference Series

This paper will use examples from research in Australia and the United Kingdom to highlight the relationships between designers and clients. These relationships are sometimes difficult, balancing the needs of both parties can pose challenges for all involved. For example creative freedom can be constrained by financial considerations. For the designer creative freedom can be the most important factor in a job, however for a client, coming in on budget and market effectiveness are more likely to be valued. Salaman mentions sources of intrinsic satisfaction for architects, in a survey of 51 practitioners 63.46% mentioned creativity of work and the …

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Conditions For Research Funding., Paul Van Der Lem Nov 2004

Conditions For Research Funding., Paul Van Der Lem

DRS Biennial Conference Series

This paper is based on published evidence of such funding of design research activities. It seeks to describe principles that have generated abilities to establish and increase streams of funding from governmental sources and the private sector with a stake in design research. Dipping into such streams of research funding, or creating them, is possible through mixing appropriate tactics and strategies of research approaches and methods. Ideas for such approaches are influenced by levels of realisation of the different needs of agents involved in creating worthwhile research. Prime movers for this process are of course the individuals concerned, but obtaining …

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Cultural Aspects Of Global Industrial Design, 'A Diversification Among Cultures'., Mohamad Zamzuri, Jan Lundberg Nov 2004

Cultural Aspects Of Global Industrial Design, 'A Diversification Among Cultures'., Mohamad Zamzuri, Jan Lundberg

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Global industrial design principles have recently gained momentum as one viable method of producing useful, usable and desirable products. However, cultural diversification existing between countries seems to be a tall hurdle facing designers. In short, this cultural difference might prevent the object in question from being widely accepted across the world, although it may have been categorized as being “universal” for the purpose of increasing the profit margin of the company. Therefore, the problems associated with this area of design should be addressed and elucidated in research, to avoid cultural disagreement in the future in product design. The aim of …

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A Matrix Of Material Representation., Hengfeng Zuo, Mark Jones, Tony Hope Nov 2004

A Matrix Of Material Representation., Hengfeng Zuo, Mark Jones, Tony Hope

DRS Biennial Conference Series

The sensory properties of materials such as colour, texture, sound, smell, etc and people’s perceptual responses to them are very important information for designers to consider when selecting or combining materials for a manufactured product. Based on theoretical, experimental and computer programming methods, this research has established a framework of a database referred to as ‘Matrix of Material Representation’. The Matrix is a visual narrative model that systematically contains the holistic information about the factors involved in the human perception of materials and illustrates the interrelationship between these factors. Currently, the detailed information about material texture perception has been integrated …

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