Digital Commons Network^™

Production Of Fine Nd-Fe-B Alloy Powder By Pulsed Plasma Atomization, Jeffrey E. Shield, S. Christensen, R. W. Kincaid, F. D. Witherspoon

Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering: Faculty Publications

Extremely fine (<10 >μm) Nd-Fe-B powder was generated by pulsed plasma atomization processing. The number average was just over 3 μm, as determined by computer-assisted scanning electron microscopy analysis of almost 3000 particles. Despite the fine particle size, alloys of stoichiometric Nd₂Fe₁₄B resulted in the properitectic formation of α-Fe, deleteriously affecting the magnetic properties. Nevertheless, this work shows the possibility of generating extremely fine, isotropic powder for bonded and hybrid magnet applications.

Revisiting The Vast Wasteland, Fred H. Cate, Newton N. Minow

Articles by Maurer Faculty

No abstract provided.

African-Americans Within The Context Of International Oppression, Kevin D. Brown

Articles by Maurer Faculty

No abstract provided.

Alloy States In Dilute Gaas1-XNX Alloys (X<1%), X. D. Luo, Jinsong Huang, Z. Y. Xu, C. L. Yang, J. Liu, W. K. Ge, Y. Zhang, A. Mascarenhas, H. P. Xin, C. W. Tu

Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering: Faculty Publications

A set of GaAs_1-xN_x samples with small nitrogen composition (x<1%) were investigated by continuous-wave photoluminescence (PL), pulse-wave excitation PL, and time-resolved PL. In the PL spectra, an extra transition located at the higher-energy side of the commonly reported N-related emissions was observed. By measuring the PL dependence on temperature and excitation power, the PL peak was identified as a transition of alloy band edge-related recombination in GaAsN. The PL dynamics further confirms its intrinsic nature as being associated with the band edge rather than N-related bound states.

Annual Survey Of Oklahoma Contract, Consumer, And Commercial Law: 2000-2002, Fred H. Miller

Oklahoma Law Review

No abstract provided.

Advancing The Language Of Human Rights In A Global Economic Order: An Analysis Of A Discourse, Christiana Ochoa

Articles by Maurer Faculty

Human rights language is particularly attuned to setting out the goals of protecting the worlds least protected people. As human rights advocates have entered negotiations with international economic institutions and transnational corporations (TNCs), such negotiations have often resulted in an alternative language to describe the necessity of protecting and promoting human rights. After describing the progressive inclusion of human rights ideas by TNCs, the World Bank, the IMF, and the WTO, this Article argues that, while such inclusion is a benefit to the human rights movement, the creation of an alternative language to describe human rights goals is potentially detrimental. …

Unexploded Bomb: Voice, Silence And Consequence At The Hague Tribunals -- A Legal And Rhetorical Critique, Timothy W. Waters

Articles by Maurer Faculty

This Article examines the decision by the ICTY Prosecutor not to investigate NATO's bombing campaign during the Kosovo war - and the Prosecutor's unusual decision to publish an Inquiry explaining its reasons. Many scholars have examined the Inquiry, but all have focused on its substantive legal analysis. This Article takes a different approach: It focuses on how the Prosecution reached the conclusion not to investigate. Using rhetorical analysis, it examines the Prosecution's decision-making mindset to see what that indicates about the shape of future international prosecutorial decision-making, including at the ICC.

There is no evidence that the Prosecution succumbed to …

Optimization Model Estimates Of Trunk Muscle Forces Do Not Correlate With Emg Activity Of Females As Well As Males, Mark L. Mcmulkin, Jeffrey C. Woldstad, Richard E. Hughes

Department of Industrial and Management Systems Engineering: Faculty Publications

Biomechanical optimization models are often used to estimate muscular and intervertebral disc forces during physical exertions. The purpose of this study was to determine whether an optimization-based biomechanical model predicts torso muscular activity of males and females equally well. The Minimum Intensity Compression (MIC) model, which has been extensively applied in industrial ergonomic task analysis, was used to estimate muscle forces for 3D moments. Participants (6 M, 6 F) performed 18 isometric exertions resisting 3D L3/L4 moments while electomyographic( EMG) activity was recorded for 8 muscles. Overall, model force estimates correlated better with male EMG activity (R² = …

Effects Of Age-Related Gait Changes On The Biomechanics Of Slips And Falls, Thurman E. Lockheart, Jeffrey C. Woldstad, James L. Smith

Department of Industrial and Management Systems Engineering: Faculty Publications

A laboratory study was conducted to examine gait changes associated with aging and the effect of these changes on initiation of slips and frequency of falls utilizing newly defined biomechanical parameters of slips and falls. Twenty-eight participants from two age groups (young and old) walked around a circular track at a comfortable pace wearing a safety harness. A slippery floor surface was placed on the walking track over the force plate at random time intervals without the participants’ awareness. Synchronized kinetic and kinematic measurements were obtained on both slippery and non-slippery walking surfaces. The results indicated that older participants’ horizontal …

International Commercial Dispute Resolution, William W. Park, Andrea K. Bjorklund, Jack J. Coe

Faculty Scholarship

A recent Court of Appeals decision has made it more difficult for judges in the United States to second-guess arbitrators in international cases. To understand the significance of the recent decision, one must remember that the Federal Arbitration Act (FAA) has been interpreted to permit vacatur of awards in an international arbitration on the same grounds available in domestic cases. Thus, a litigant who is unhappy with an arbitrator's decision gets a chance to re-argue the case by alleging "manifest disregard of the law," a ground for judicial review created fifty years ago by Supreme Court dictum.

Fasting In England In The 1560s: "A Thinge Of Nought"?, Peter Iver Kaufman

Jepson School of Leadership Studies articles, book chapters and other publications

We continue to learn about the unsettled condition of the Elizabethan religious settlement in the early 1560s. “Perceived deficiencies” associated with a woman's sovereignty and supreme governance of the realm's reformed church dictated that counsel be “insistently proposed to and, at points, imposed upon” Elizabeth I “by her godly male subjects.” We now appreciate, however, that the queen was not drawn or driven to the left by puritans, as John Neale influentially suspected in the 1950s. And we may conclude from David Crankshaw's recent study of the Canterbury provincial convocation of 1563 that the bishops her government appointed were not …

Teaching A Multiagent Systems Class With Game Days: Designs And Lessons Learned, Leen-Kiat Soh

School of Computing: Technical Reports

In the Fall semester of 2002, I introduced and taught a class in Multiagent Systems. The class was aimed for seniors (with special permission) and graduate students in Computer Science, covering some breadth and depth of issues in multiagent systems. One of the requirements was participation in four Game Days. On each Game Day, student teams competed against each other in games related to issues such as auction, task allocation, coalition formation, and negotiation. This article documents my designs of and lessons learned from these Game Days. The Game Days were very successful. Through role-playing, the students were motivated and …

Inter-Domain Dynamic Routing In Multi-Layer Optical Transport Networks, Xi Yang, Byrav Ramamurthy

School of Computing: Conference and Workshop Papers

Next-generation optical transport networks will automatically and dynamically provision end-to-end connections. In this paper, we study the problem of inter-domain dynamic routing under a multi-layer multi-domain network model, which allows the end-to-end connections to be set up not only across multiple routing domains but also through two transport layers: the optical layer and the digital layer. In this model, a connection can traverse the domain boundary either through optical bypass or through optical-electrical-optical (O/E/O) processing. We propose an inter-domain dynamic routing scheme with modest time complexity to address the problem from an algorithmic perspective.

Learning Monotone Dnf Using Spp Teaching Assistant, N. V. Vinodchandran

School of Computing: Technical Reports

In this paper we prove a new upper bound on learning monotone DNF formulae in an exact learning model called the teaching assistant model. This model, introduced in one of our earlier works, uses teaching assistant classes for classifying the complexity of learning problems. Teaching assistant classes are a learning-theoretic analog of complexity classes. We show that monotone DNF are learnable using a teaching assistant in the class SPP. On the other hand, concept classes such as k-CNF or Boolean circuits are not learnable using an SPP teaching assistant unless Np SPP. We also observe that the recent SPP algorithm …

A Novel Fiber Delay Line Buffering Architecture For Optical Packet Switching, Lin Li, Stephen Scott, Jitender S. Deogun

School of Computing: Conference and Workshop Papers

Due to the lack of optical random access memory, optical fiber delay line (FDL) is currently the only way to implement optical buffering. Feed-forward and feedback are two kinds of FDL structures in optical buffering. Both have advantages and disadvantages. In this paper, we propose a more effective hybrid FDL architecture that combines the merits of both schemes. The core of this switch is the arrayed waveguide grating (AWG) and the tunable wavelength converter (TWC). It requires smaller optical device sizes and fewer wavelengths and has less noise than feedback architecture. At the same time, it can facilitate preemptive priority …

A New Efficient Algorithm For Solving The Simple Temporal Problem, Lin Xu, Berthe Y. Choueiry

School of Computing: Conference and Workshop Papers

In this paper we propose a new efficient algorithm, the Δ STP-solver, for computing the minimal network of the Simple Temporal Problem (STP). This algorithm achieves high performance by exploiting a topological property of the constraint graph (i.e., triangulation) and a semantic property of the constraints (i.e., convexity) in light of the results reported by Bliek and Sam-Haroud [1], which were presented for general CSPs and have not yet been applied to temporal networks. Importantly, we design the constraint propagation in Δ STP-solver to operate on triangles instead of operating on edges and implicitly guarantee the decomposition of …

A Model For Integrating Construction Design And Schedule Data, Zhigang Shen, Raja R. A. Issa, William O'Brien

Department of Construction Engineering and Management: Faculty Publications

The difficulty of timely retrieval of useful information from heterogeneous data sources is a major cause of low productivity in the construction industry. The goal of this research is to provide a new methodology to handle the data-heterogeneity problems encountered in a construction project. This research proposes a tree-structured product model, which binds design knowledge, cost data and schedule data together, as a feasible solution for the data integration problem in construction projects. The methodology uses the knowledge representation of construction projects based on an ontology. Metadata are used to describe the conceptual structure of the project knowledge. The concept …

Indirect Symbolic Correlation Approach To Unsegmented Text Recognition, George Nagy, Sharad C. Seth, Y. Lin, Shashank K. Mehta

School of Computing: Conference and Workshop Papers

The new non-parametric approach to unsegmented text recognition builds two bipartite graphs that result from the feature-level and lexical comparisons of the same word against a reference string which need not include the query word. The lexical graph preserves the relative order of edges in the feature graph corresponding to correctly recognized features. This observation leads to a subgraph-matching formulation of the recognition problem. An initial implementation proves the robustness of the approach for up-to 20% noise introduced in the feature-level graph.

Low-Energy Bist Design For Scan-Based Logic Circuits, Bhargab B. Bhattacharya, Sharad C. Seth, Sheng Zhang

School of Computing: Conference and Workshop Papers

In a random testing environment, a significant amount of energy is wasted in the LFSR and in the CUT by useless patterns that do not contribute to fault dropping. Another major source of energy drainage is the loss due to random switching activity in the CUT and in the scan path between applications of two successive vectors. In this work, a new built-in self-test (BIST) scheme for scan-based circuits is proposed for reducing such energy consumption. A mapping logic is designed which modifies the state transitions of the LFSR such that only the useful vectors are generated according to a …

Combining Ordering Heuristics And Bundling Techniques For Solving Finite Constraint Satisfaction Problems, Amy Beckwith, Berthe Y. Choueiry

School of Computing: Technical Reports

We investigate techniques to enhance the performance of backtrack search procedure with forward-checking (FC-BT) for finding all solutions to a finite Constraint Satisfaction Problem (CSP). We consider ordering heuristics for variables and/or values and bundling techniques based on the computation of interchangeability. While the former methods allow us to traverse the search space more effectively, the latter allow us to reduce it size. We design and compare strategies that combine static and dynamic versions of these two approaches. We show empirically the utility of dynamic variable ordering combined with dynamic bundling in both random problems and puzzles.

Antenna Selection Scheme For Wireless Channels Utilizing Differential Space-Time Modulation, Le Chung Tran, Tadeusz A. Wysocki

Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering: Faculty Publications (to 2015)

In this paper, the authors prove that the differential space-time modulation techniques proposed in literature provide a full spatial diversity. Based on that, the authors propose an antenna selection scheme called general N-out-of-M antenna selection technique for wireless communications channels utilizing differential space-time modulation. The simulation shows that differential detection associated with our proposed technique provides much better bit error performance over that without antenna selection, and even over coherent detection without antenna selection at certain signal-to-noise ratios.

Convolutional Interleaver For Unequal Error Protection Of Turbo Codes, Sina Vafi, Tadeusz A. Wysocki, Ian Burnett

Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering: Faculty Publications (to 2015)

This paper describes construction of a convolutional interleaver as a block interleaver and discusses its application to turbo codes with equal and unequal error protection techniques. Based on simulations, different convolutional interleaver structures suitable for turbo codes with unequal error protection capability are suggested. Finally, based on conducted simulations the best method is selected.

Displacement Based Route Update Strategies For Proactive Routing Protocols In Mobile Ad Hoc Networks, Mehran Abolhasan, Tadeusz Wysocki

Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering: Faculty Publications (to 2015)

This paper presents a new route update strategy for performing proactive route discovery in Mobile Ad hoc Networks (MANETs). In this strategy, the rate at which route updates are sent into the network is controlled by how often a node changes its location by a required distance. We refer to this updating strategy as Minimum Displacement Update Routing (MDUR). We implemented MDUR on top of the Fisheye State Routing (FSR) protocol and investigated its performance by simulation. The simulations where performed in a number of different scenarios, with varied network mobility, density, traffic and boundary. Our results indicate that MDUR …

A Literature Review On Learner Control Strategies In Software Tutoring Systems, Xin Li, Leen-Kiat Soh

School of Computing: Technical Reports

This paper is a comprehensive research review on the learner control strategies in software tutoring systems. With the application of more computer techniques in education and the involvement of more adults in software tutoring systems, the learner control strategy has become more appreciated than tutor control or program control. In this paper, the efficiency and necessity of learner control in software tutoring systems is discussed through the description of learning mechanism. Some typical applications of learner control strategies in software tutoring systems are presented. The available learner control strategies are classified from two perspectives: educational theory, and software mechanism. Finally, …

On Generalized Multiple-Instance Learning, Stephen Scott, Jun Zhang, Joshua Brown

School of Computing: Technical Reports

We describe a generalization of the multiple-instance learning model in which a bag’s label is not based on a single instance’s proximity to a single target point. Rather, a bag is positive if and only if it contains a collection of instances, each near one of a set of target points. We list potential applications of this model (robot vision, content-based image retrieval, protein sequence identification, and drug discovery) and describe target concepts for these applications that cannot be represented in the conventional multiple-instance learning model. We then adapt a learning-theoretic algorithm for learning in this model and present empirical …

Effects Of Oxide Coating And Selected Cations On Nitrate Reduction By Iron Metal, Yong H. Huang, Tian Zhang, Patrick J. Shea, Steve D. Comfort

Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering: Faculty Publications

Under anoxic conditions, zerovalent iron (Fe⁰) reduces nitrate to and magnetite (Fe₃O₄) is produced at near-neutral pH. removal was most rapid at low pH (2–4); however, the formation of a black oxide film at pH 5 to 8 temporarily halted or slowed reaction unless the system was augmented with Fe²⁺, Cu²⁺, or Al³⁺. Bathing the corroding Fe⁰ in a Fe²⁺ solution greatly enhanced nitrate reduction at near-neutral pH and coincided with the formation of a black precipitate. X-ray diffractometry and scanning electron microscopy confirmed that both …

Where Are The Women Geoscience Professors?, Mary Anne Holmes, Suzanne O'Connel

Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences: Faculty Publications

Compiles an extensive set of data on the status of women in the geosciences, identifying successful strategies for increasing diversity as well as obstacles that hinder efforts. The lessons learned and best practices that arise from this report will help geoscientists continue to increase the gender diversity of their community. Some of these lessons also provide insight into ways to improve the racial and ethnic diversity of the geosciences.

Modularity, Vertical Integration, And Open Access Policies: Towards A Convergence Of Antitrust And Regulation In The Internet Age, Joseph Farrell, Philip J. Weiser

Publications

Antitrust law and telecommunications regulation have long adopted different stances on whether to mandate open access to information platforms. This article aims to help regulators and commentators incorporate both Chicago School and post-Chicago School arguments in evaluating this basic policy choice, suggesting how they can be integrated in an effective manner. In particular, the authors outline three alternative models that the FCC could adopt to guide its regulation of information platforms and facilitate a true convergence between antitrust and regulatory policy.

Filling In The Blank Spots On Powell's And Stegner's Maps: The Role Of Modern Indian Tribes In Western Watersheds, Charles Wilkinson

Publications

No abstract provided.

The False Promise Of One Person, One Vote, Grant M. Hayden

Faculty Journal Articles and Book Chapters

This article challenges the theoretical foundations of the right to cast an equally weighted vote. That right, most elegantly captured in the phrase one person, one vote, was at the heart of the early reapportionment cases and has since become one of the hallmarks of democracy. One of the principal reasons for the success of the one person, one vote standard is that it appears to be a neutral or objective way of parsing out political power. Drawing on recent work in philosophy and economics on the nature of interpersonal utility comparisons, I demonstrate the normative character of the standard. …