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The Protection Of Test And Other Data Required By Article 39.3 Of The Trips Agreement, G. Lee Skillington, Eric M. Solovy

Northwestern Journal of International Law & Business

This article provides a comprehensive analysis of the origins, purpose and scope of protection for test and other data required by TRIPS Article 39.3. Through this analysis, which looks to the ordinary meaning of the provision in proper context in the same manner as would a WTO dispute settlement panel or the WTO Appellate Body, we conclude that Article 39.3 provides protection against the unjust or unfair application or conversion of certain test and other data to make a profit or to obtain a benefit. Such protection must be provided long enough to allow the originator to at least recoup …

Intellectual Property In The Ftaa: Little Opportunity And Much Risk, Maria Julia Olivia

American University International Law Review

No abstract provided.

Preemptive Strategies In International Law, Michael N. Schmitt

Michigan Journal of International Law

This Article explores the appropriateness of preemptive strategies in international law. Are preemptive actions approved by the international community lawful? Can States act unilaterally or in a coalition of the willing to preempt terrorism, the development and transfer of WMD, or other threats? If so, under what circumstances and based on what quantum and quality of evidence? When can preemptive actions be taken against non-State actors such as terrorists who are based in other States?

The Legal Development Of The Environmental Policy In The Democratic People's Republic Of Korea, Sangmin Nam

Fordham International Law Journal

Credited with transforming North Korea into a green and livable people's land due to his environmental vision, Kim Il Sung often pointed out serious environmental degradation, such as air pollution in industrial cities, water pollution, and deforestation. Eventually, the leadership turned to laws for better implementation of environmental protection. In explaining this law-making process, this Essay first discusses the understanding and interpretation of the environment in the DPRK. It is critical to discuss North Korean leaders' perceptions of the environment because their interpretation precedes the decisions and laws of the Cabinet and the Korean Workers' Party. After discussing the failings …

The Ideology Of Genus & The Ghost Of Heidegger, Maria Grahn-Farley

Brooklyn Journal of International Law

No abstract provided.

"An Overview Of The Legal And Security Questions Concerning Taiwanese Independence", Jason X. Hamilton

Loyola University Chicago International Law Review

No abstract provided.

Intercountry Adoption: Toward A Regime That Recognizes The Best Interests Of Adoptive Parents, Donovan M. Steltzner

Case Western Reserve Journal of International Law

No abstract provided.

West Virginia Takes Refuge In Troxel's Safe Harbor: State Ex Rel. Brandon L. V. Moats, Kristina Thomas Whiteaker

West Virginia Law Review

No abstract provided.

Varriation Of Growth Rates In Yellow-Bellied Marmots, Carmen M. Salsbury, K. B. Armitage

Scholarship and Professional Work - LAS

Growth rates of yellow-bellied marmot (Marmota flaviventris) populations over a 32-year period (1965 -1996) varied Significantly with sex, age, location, and year. Overall, males had higher growth rates than females and young and yearlings generally had higher growth rates compared to adults at all locations. The locations varied with respect to elevation and the relationship between elevation and growth rate was complex and likely weather dependent. Low rainfall in late summer was often associated with low growth rates at high elevations where the active season is constrained and delayed by late spring snowmelt compared to low elevations. Growth rates and …

Seasonal Body Temperature Fluctuations And Energetic Strategies In Free-Ranging Eastern Woodchucks, Carmen M. Salsbury

Scholarship and Professional Work - LAS

During a 2-year period, radiotelemetry was used to continuously monitor body temperature ( T b) of free-ranging woodchucks (Marmota monax) in southeastern Pennsylvania. Hibernation was preceded by daily T b fluctuations ("test drops") of 2-4°C. During hibernation, woodchucks exhibited the characteristic pattern of torpor bouts. Time of arousals occurred randomly, but onset of torpor occurred predominantly between 1800 and 0000 h. Males had shorter hibernation periods (mean of 104.8 days) than did females (121.8 days). Males had shorter torpor bouts, but euthermic bouts were the same length as in females. Males also maintained higher T b during torpor. Overall, the …

Eos Spheres, Vol. 2, Issue 3 (Fall 2003), University Of New Hampshire. Institute For The Study Of Earth, Oceans And Space

EOS Spheres

Newsletter of the Institute for the Study of Earth, Oceans, and Space, at the University of New Hampshire.

Annual Report (January 1 - December 31, 2002): City Of Austin’S Captive Breeding Program For The Barton Springs And Austin Blind Salamanders, Dee Ann Chamberlain, Lisa O'Donnell

KIP Data Sets and Technical Reports

Submitted to the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service in compliance with Permit #PRT-839031, this report summarizes the activities of the City of Austin, Texas captive breeding program for the Barton Springs (Eurycea sosorum) and Austin Blind (Eurycea waterlooensis) salamanders. Open Access See Extended description for more information.

The Texas Caver, Volume 49, No. 1, February 2003, Don Arburn

The Texas Caver

Contents: News: Features: Sorcerer’s Cave, Tennessee, North of La Linja -- News: Trip Reports: Kickapoo Caverns S. P., Bexar Grotto/Carlsbad #4, Gorman Cave, Lampasas County, Bracken Bat Cave -- How To & Not To: Light Leech, Book Review

Personality Profiles Of Iditasport Ultra-Marathon Participants, Kristin J. Stuempfle, Sherri Lind Hughes, H. Samuel Case, Deborah S. Evans

Health Sciences Faculty Publications

Each February, competitors convene in Big Lake, Alaska, to participate in the “Iditasport Human Powered Ultra-Marathon”. Who would attempt this challenging race? Personality might be one factor predicting participation. Iditasport represents a unique athletic event with a distinctive social and psychological climate that might be reflected in the personalities of the participants in many ways. This study was designed to identify the personality profile of Iditasport athletes when compared to normative populations and to explore differences between athletes competing in different race divisions.

Dissecting The Lawfulness Of United States Foreign Policy: Classroom Debates As Pedagogical Devices, Christopher C. Joyner

ILSA Journal of International & Comparative Law

Simulations can be used as educational exercises that enable students in the classroom to appreciate better the difficulties and nuances of legal issues affecting international relations.

A Semiotic Approach To A Legal Definition Of Terrorism, Susan Tiefenbrun

ILSA Journal of International & Comparative Law

It is hard to believe that a word like "terrorism," which is used so frequently these days in different contexts and in casual, colloquial, political, and legal discourses, does not have a universally-accepted definition.'

Kids Count: The State Of The Child In Tennessee, 2003, Tennessee Commission On Children And Youth

Kids Count/State of the Child in Tennessee Reports

This report provides an overview of information on healthy infants, children and teens; child/teen well-being; education; economic security; and demographics.

Avoiding The “Fat” Of The Land: Case Studies Of Agricultural Nutrient Balance, David Weaver, Simon Neville

Journal articles

Let’s start with a simple analogy: if a person eats more than they need, they gain weight. That is: if our feed inputs (kilojoules in) are greater than our outputs (exercise — kilojoules out) then we will gain weight (kilojoules in storage).That’s our fat. If, on the other hand, our feed inputs are less than our outputs, then we will lose weight.And if our inputs are the same as our outputs, our weight will remain constant. In general, the further away you are from an ‘ideal’weight, the greater the health risks. And yes, other aspects of your body management — …

Zo1 As A Factor In The Remodeling Of Myocardial Gap Junctions, Ralph John Barker

MUSC Theses and Dissertations

The remodeling of connexin43-containing gap junctions (GJs), as defined by changes in size, distribution, or function, is a prominent feature of both the developing and diseased myocardium. During postnatal development of the mammalian ventricle, there is a progressive remodeling of GJs into intercalated disks. This change in GJ quantity and distribution is correlated with alterations in the velocity and anisotropy of impulse spread within differentiating myocardium. Orderly distribution of GJs is perturbed in many cardiac diseases, and reemergence of immature patterns of myocyte coupling may be a factor in the arrhythmogenic potential attending such pathologies. Although mechanisms responsible for this …

Cognitive Functioning In Familial And Nonfamilial Groups At High-Risk For Schizophrenia, Erin L Warnick

UNLV Retrospective Theses & Dissertations

Differences in the cognitive profiles of schizophrenic individuals who are family history positive and those who are family history negative have been reported throughout the literature. The purpose of this study was to clarify the cognitive deficits that characterize familial and nonfamilial groups at high-risk for schizophrenia. High-risk was defined as (1) Genetic relatedness to an individual with schizophrenia, or (2) Extreme scores on a measure of schizotypy (i.e., Chapman Scales of Psychosis Proneness). Twenty-three subjects were administered a battery of neuropsychological tests. ANOVAs revealed a significant interaction effect on a measure of verbal learning and a double dissociation on …

Cytotoxic Effects Of Electron Carriers Are Inhibited By Hsp27 In Breast Cancer Cell Lines, Yvonne Carina Giraud

UNLV Retrospective Theses & Dissertations

Human breast cancer cell lines DC4, DB46, MCF-7, MDA-MD-435 were incubated with cytochrome c at 5 x 10-7M, 5 x 10 -6M and 5 x 10-5M. Human colon cancer cell line, RKO, and normal human lung fibroblast cell line, HFL1, were incubated with cytochrome c at 5.6 x 10-8M, 5.6 x 10-7M and 5.6 x 10-6M. Cytochrome c exposure showed a dose response including cell death in breast cancer cell lines. RKO showed no sensitivity to cytochrome c exposure at any of the concentrations and HFL1 showed sensitivity only at the highest concentration. FAD, NADH, Q10 and ATP were incubated …

Child Soldiers And The Capacity Of The Optional Protocol To Protect Children In Conflict, Shara Abraham

Human Rights Brief

No abstract provided.

Legislative Focus: Senate Action To Protect Innocent Inmates On Death Row, Ossai Miazad

Human Rights Brief

No abstract provided.

Cell Type-Specific Reduction Of Beta Tubulin Isotypes Synthesized In The Developing Gerbil Organ Of Corti, Heather Jensen Smith, Jonquille Eley, Peter S. Steyger, Richard F. Ludueña, Richard Hallworth

Journal Articles: Eppley Institute

There are seven isotypic forms of the microtubule protein beta tubulin in mammals, but not all isotypes are synthesized in every cell type. In the adult organ of Corti, each of the five major cell types synthesizes a different subset of isotypes. Inner hair cells synthesize only betaI and betaII tubulin, while outer hair cells make betaI and betaIV tubulin. Only betaII and betaIV tubulin are found in inner and outer pillar cells, while betaI, betaII, and betaIV tubulin are present in Deiters cells, and betaI, betaII and betaIII tubulin are found in organ of Corti dendrites. During post-natal organ …

Withaferin-A: A Potential Anticancer Withanolide From Withania Somnifera (L.) Dun., Amrit Pal Singh

Ethnobotanical Leaflets

Withania somnifera (Ashwagandha) is a plant used in medicine from the time of Ayurveda, the ancient system of Indian medicine. The dried roots of the plant are used in the treatment of nervous and sexual disorders. From chemistry point of view, the drug contains group of biologically active constituents known as withanolides. The chemical structures of withanolides have been studied and they are widely distributed in family Solanacae. Withaferin- A is therapeutically active withanolide reported to be present in leaves. In animal studies, withaferin-A has shown significant anticancer activity. Majority of the anticancer drugs like Vinblastine, Vincristine, and Taxol have …

The Effects Of Social Support On Perceived Mood And Perceived Muscle Tension, Ashley B. Karr

Master's Theses - Daytona Beach

The researcher examined the effects of social support on stress reactivity following a moderate psychological stressor. The first independent variable (IV), social support, had two levels: alone (A) and pairs (P). The participants in the pairs level took part in the study with a friend. Participants in the alone level took part in the study by themselves. The second IV, period, had two levels: pre-stressor (Pre) and post-stressor (Post). Stress was induced with a mental arithmetic serial subtraction task and was measured by perceived mood state with the Perception of Mood States (POMS) and perceived muscle tension with the Nordic …

Utah Science Vol. 62 No. 1, 2003

Utah Science

2 PUTTING FAT ON THE TASTE MAP

8 GAINING WEIGHT AND LOSING YOUR MIND

18 THINKING LIKE YOUR ANIMALS

12 SEEDS -new people, grants and contracts in science

15 SYNTHESIS -science at Utah State

24 SEEK -discoveries in science

25 SEARCH -science on the web

Homeland Security, Pesticide Regulation And Common Household Chemicals: Are We Adequately Protecting All Our Sources, Leticia M. Diaz

Villanova Environmental Law Journal (1991 - )

No abstract provided.

The State Of Coral Reef Ecosystems Of The United States And Pacific Freely Associated States: 2002, Donna D. Turgeon, Rebecca G. Asch, Billy Causey, Richard E. Dodge, Walter Jaap, Kenneth Banks, Joanne Delaney, Brian Keller, Richard E. Spieler, Cruz A. Matos, Jorge R. Garcia, Ernesto Diaz, Don Catanzaro, Caroline Rogers, Zandy Hillis-Starr, Richard Nemeth, Herman Taylor, Marcia Taylor, George P. Schmahl, Margaret W. Miller, David A. Gulko, James E. Maragos, Alan Friedlander, Cynthia L. Hunter, Russell E. Brainard, Peter Craig, Robert H. Richmond, Gerry W. Davis, John Starmer, Michael Trianni, Peter Houk, Charles E. Birkeland, Ahser Edward, Yimnang Golbuu, Jay Gutierrez, Noah Idechong, James E. Maragos, Gustav Paulay, Andrew Tafileichig, Nancy Vander Velde

Marine & Environmental Sciences Faculty Reports

Called for by the U.S. Coral Reef Task Force’s (USCRTF) National Action Plan to Conserve Coral Reefs, this is the first biennial report on the condition of coral reefs. It is the scientific baseline for subsequent reports on the health of U.S. coral reef ecosystems that are to be used by NOAA and others to evaluate the efficacy of coral reef conservation and management practices. The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration’s National Ocean Service led the development of this report. It was authored by 38 experts and supported by 79 contributors from government agencies and non-governmental organizations across the nation …

Habitat Standardization Of Cpue Indices: Research Needs, C. Phillip Goodyear, David Die, David W. Kerstetter, Donald Olson, Eric Prince, Gerald P. Scott

Marine & Environmental Sciences Faculty Reports

Habitat standardization for billfish CPUE offers a potentially useful alternative to the statistical procedures used in the past. However, most of the assumptions of the current habitatstandardization methodology remain untested and some are not consistent with current knowledge about the behavior of billfish. This paper outlines research required to ensure the methods for habitat standardization produce robust estimates of CPUE.