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Auditing As A Signal In Small Business Lending, Bala G. Dharan

The Journal of Entrepreneurial Finance

This paper models the borrowing decision of a small firm seeking a bank loan when it can optionally hire, at a cost, an independent external auditor to convey its risk characteristics to lenders. The analysis shows that a necessary condition for a potential borrower to prefer having an audit to not having an audit is that the borrower’s debt to equity ratio must be above a certain minimum cut-off value. For observed audit cost functions, this cut-off debt-equity ratio is higher for smaller initial size firms. Such firms will forego an audit even if they are of low risk, and …

Ipo Underpricing Firm Quality, And Subsequent Reissuance Activity, Karen C. Denning, Stephen P. Ferris, Glenn Wolfe

The Journal of Entrepreneurial Finance

A signaling argument has recently been developed whereby IPO underpricing is a signal of future firm value. Only higher quality firms can be expected to recover the cost of this signal through subsequent offerings of seasoned equities. This study uses three proxies for firm quality and finds evidence of a positive relationship between these measures of firm quality and reissuance activity. Greater IPO underpricing is also found to be associated with greater levels of future equity selling and higher levels of earnings per share.

The Murray Ledger And Times, December 1, 1992, The Murray Ledger And Times

The Murray Ledger & Times

No abstract provided.

Ard News December 1992

Agricultural Research Division: News and Annual Reports

CONTENTS:

SEASONS GREETINGS
ORGANIZATIONS THAT SUPPORT AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH IN LAND GRANT UNIVERSITIES
ARDC INTEGRATED FARM
THE STATE AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION SYSTEM
REPRESENTATION ON REGIONAL COMMITTEES
ARD ADMINISTERED GRANT AND AWARDS PROGRAMS
ARD ADVISORY COUNCIL UPDATE
PROPOSALS SUBMITTED FOR FEDERAL GRANTS
NEW OR REVISED PROJECTS
GRANTS & CONTRACTS RECEIVED OCTOBER & NOVEMBER, 1992

An Analysis Of Children's Responses To Storybook Characters In Non-Traditional Roles, Dianna D. Anderson, Joyce E. Many

Reading Horizons: A Journal of Literacy and Language Arts

Sex role stereotypes have been investigated in text materials (Rupley, Garcia and Longnion, 1981; Scott and Feldman-Summers, 1979; Taylor, 1973) and in children's literature (Ashby and Wittmaier, 1978; DeLisi and Johns, 1984; Donlan, 1972; Key, 1971; Kropp and Halverson, 1983; Styer, 1975; Weitzman, 1972; Winkeljohann and Gallant, 1980). These studies have examined the stereotypical roles portrayed by male and female characters, in terms of the way the males and females are presented in the material. Findings indicate change in sex roles to be slow; males still tend to be viewed as active and achieving while girls are passive and emotional …

Teachers Reflect On Their Experience As Readers: The Literacy Club Luncheon, Carolyn S. Andrews-Beck, James Rycik

Reading Horizons: A Journal of Literacy and Language Arts

Just as teachers who write are best able to act as guides for less experienced writers (Graves, 1983; Murray, 1985; Calkins, 1991; Atwell, 1985), teachers who see them selves as readers - who are aware of the requirements and strategies of the reader's role - are best able to guide young readers (Smith, 1982; Bleich, 1985; Hansen, 1987). For this reason, it is important for teachers to keep their membership in the "literacy club" (Smith, 1985) current by attending regular meetings.

Basal Reader Alteration: A Creative Way To Put Schema Theory Into Classroom Practice, Sandra K. Moser, Samuel A. Perez

Reading Horizons: A Journal of Literacy and Language Arts

Alteration of the typical basal lesson format is an out growth of research on schema theory. Reutzel (1985) has suggested that while most basals emphasize post-reading assessment, "schema theory punctuates the importance of the prereading stage of the reading lesson" (p. 194). One reason for the alteration of the traditional basal format is that basal instruction often fails to compensate for inadequate student background knowledge. In a study of three elementary basal series, Afflerbach and Walker (1990) found that in 407 instructional units assessed, over half assumed that students possessed the prior knowledge necessary to understand the text. This finding …

The Multidimensional Reading Instruction Observation Scale, Patrick P. Mccabe

Reading Horizons: A Journal of Literacy and Language Arts

The Multidimensional Reading Instruction Observation Scale is a formative evaluative instrument which can be used to judge the quality of reading instruction by recording the nature of the interaction between the student and the teacher along three dimensions critical to quality instruction: cognitive processes, affective processes, and management skills. Cognitive processes are those behaviors which are directed toward acquiring strategies or skills (to improve reading). Affective processes are those behaviors which influence the self-concept of the learner. Management skills are those behaviors which demonstrate ability to utilize components of the learning environment effectively.

Expanding Horizons: Writing Cliffhangers, Jerry Phillips

Reading Horizons: A Journal of Literacy and Language Arts

Cliffhangers are story points which leave the reader in suspense. I recommend writing cliffhangers as a way of engaging students in the writing process. In this exercise students take three steps recommended by writing educators toward effective writing. First, they develop raw written material during several minutes of nonstop freewriting (Elbow, 1981). Second, they reread material, searching until they find a focus to develop further (Murray, 1987). Third, they publish a book when finished (Calkins, 1986).

Children's Books, Rick Kowalski, Karen Welch, Jeanne M. Jacobson

Reading Horizons: A Journal of Literacy and Language Arts

Tony Blundell (1991). Beware of Boys; Eve Merriam (1992). Fighting Words; Marisabina Russo (1992). Alex is My Friend; James Stevenson (1992). Monty; Roland Edwards (1992). Tigers; Peter Sis (1992). An Ocean World; Ann Jonas (1992). The Thirteenth Clue; Elsa Marston (1992). Runaway Gazebo

1992 December, Morehead State University. Office Of Communications & Marketing.

MSU Clip Sheet Archives

MSU Clip Sheet newsletters published in December of 1992.

Multivariate Statistical Analyses Of Palynodebris From The Middle Miocene Of The Niger Delta And Their Environmental Significance, Francisca Oboh-Ikuenobe

Geosciences and Geological and Petroleum Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Fourteen types of palynodebris have been identified in Middle Miocene reservoir sediments from the Niger Delta. They include palynomorphs, cuticle, parenchyma, resins, black debris, woody fragments and degraded components. The palynodebris types were interpreted by Principal Components Analysis and Average Linkage Cluster Analysis. Four assemblages of samples emerged and they have been grouped into two palynofacies associations because of their correlation with mudstone and muddy heterolithic lithofacies and sandstone lithofacies, respectively. The significant palynodebris components are black debris, parenchyma, resins and amorphous organic matter. The size, shape and texture of all the components were integrated with sedimentological features, palynomorph and …

Ntid Focus Winter/Spring 1992, Ntid Marketing And Communications

National Technical Institute for the Deaf Papers

No abstract provided.

Volume 12, Number 4, December 1992 Olac Newsletter, Sue Neumeister, Johanne Lagrange, Barbara Vaughan, Frank T. Wheeler, Verna Urbanski

OLAC Newsletters

Digitized December 1992 issue of the OLAC Newsletter.

From Shoeless Joe To Charley Hustle: Major League Baseball's Continuing Crusade Against Sports Gambling, Thomas J. Ostertag

Seton Hall Journal of Sports and Entertainment Law

No abstract provided.

Sentencing The Sick: Compulsive Gambling As The Basis For A Downward Departure Under The Federal Sentencing Guidelines, Lawrence S. Lustberg

Seton Hall Journal of Sports and Entertainment Law

No abstract provided.

Fiduciary Duties Of Professional Team Sports Franchise Owners, John K. Harris Jr.

Seton Hall Journal of Sports and Entertainment Law

No abstract provided.

Arbitration: A Major League Effect On Players' Salaries, Thomas J. Hopkins

Seton Hall Journal of Sports and Entertainment Law

No abstract provided.

Table Of Contents

Seton Hall Journal of Sports and Entertainment Law

No abstract provided.

Olympic Games Will Surely Miss Abel Kiviat, Elliott Denman

Seton Hall Journal of Sports and Entertainment Law

No abstract provided.

Courts Leave Legislatures To Decide The Fate Of The Ncaa In Providing Due Process, Kevin M. Mckenna

Seton Hall Journal of Sports and Entertainment Law

No abstract provided.

Thermally Induced Vibration Of A Cross-Ply Laminated Plate With Hygrothermal Effects (Exact Solution), Stephen Jerry Maerz

Master's Theses - Daytona Beach

Of increasing importance in structural design is the use of fiber-reinforced polymeric composite material, notably in advanced aircraft and projectiles. These applications expose the materials to varied environmental conditions, therefore the material performance under these conditions is of great interest. One aspect of this is the solution of the dynamic response of a composite structure under elevated temperature and moisture conditions. An exact solution is formulated which describes the hygrothermal effects due to heating and moisture diffusion on one surface of a symmetric cross-ply plate made of AS/3501 graphite epoxy with simply-supported boundary conditions.

The Silent Witness, December 1992

Silent Witness, The

A newsletter published for Deaf Catholics in Washington, D.C.

The Silent Witness Finding Aid

Table Of Contents - Issue 1, Chicago-Kent Law Review

Chicago-Kent Law Review

No abstract provided.

The Lawyer's Fallacy, James Lindgren

Chicago-Kent Law Review

No abstract provided.

Prairie View On The Hill - December 1992, Prairie View A&M University

Prairie View On The Hill

No abstract provided.

News From Hope College, Volume 24.3: December, 1992, Hope College

News from Hope College

No abstract provided.

The Probe, Issue 128 - December 1992

The Probe: Newsletter of the National Animal Damage Control Association

Contents:

Reflections On An Onerous Deed
CALENDAR OF UPCOMING EVENTS
Coyote Urine Translocated by Flora
PETA Indictments Expected Soon
Plague Claims Bobcat Hunter
Colorado Voters Ban Spring Hunt; Arizonans Defeat Trapping Ban
Charter Member Says Good-Bye
Probe Should Be Advocate for ADC Activities
Bill Fitzwater III
Next Issue Jan/Feb
NADCA Renewals and Donations
New Logo Chosen for NADCA!

Domestic Relations, Barry B. Mcgough, Andrea G. Alpern

Mercer Law Review

The Georgia Supreme Court has decided that a medical school education, a medical license, and contingent fee contracts are not marital property subject to equitable division. The court also declared that a judgment modifying alimony is effective no earlier than the date of the judgment and that an award of joint legal custody does not preclude an award of child support. This Article is divided into three sections. Section I covers cases dealing with child support and visitation; Section II covers cases dealing with settlement agreements, alimony, and equitable division; and Section III deals with contempt.

The Black Perspective December 1992, University Of Dayton. Black Action Through Unity

The Black Perspective

The Black Perspective is an African American student publication that ran from the late 1970s through the early 2000s. The paper aimed to be the eyes, ears, and voice of the UD Afro-American community. Articles and editorials cover campus news, current events, and contemporary issues from an African American perspective.