Digital Commons Network^™

Adsorption And Desorption Of Chromium On Clayey Soils, Ker-Shu Tan

Theses

Chromium residue waste was produced during sixties in the chromium production process. It was used as construction fill. Problems associated with chromium waste sites include structure distress and surface and groundwater contamination.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the adsorption and desorption of chromium on soil. In order to achieve this purpose, experiments were conducted to study the effect of pH, type of chromium compound, and type of soil on adsorption and desorption.

Experiments were performed on kaolinite, bentonite and sand. In our study, it was found that sand had almost no adsorption for chromium. Kaolinite had less …

Microwave Treatment Of Organic Contaminated Soil, Suning Fan

Theses

The development of microwave technology to treat hazardous wastes hasbeen in progress at NJIT for the past three years. The initial stagesof this program have focused on determining the' breadth of hazardouswaste problems that are amenable to microwave technology applications.Benchscale studies have shown the following processes are technicallypossible:

a. It is possible to steam strip organic volatiles from soil;

b. Volatiles can be destroyed by impact upon lossy so lids

c. Heavy metal ions can be immobilized in soil;

d. It is possible to regenerate GAC on-site.

e. It is possible to pyrolyze polyarmotic compounds in soil in-site,and, thereby, effect …

Recirculation Flow Bioreactor For The Synthesis Of Nitroxide And N-Oxide Pharmaceuticals, Douglas Lischick

Theses

An investigation of the properties of calcium alginate immobilized hog liver microsomes, rich in FAD-containing mixed function oxidase, was performed. Studies involving catalyst storage, immobilization of cofactors within the matrix, and alginate gel concentration were performed using a 1.8 ml mixed flow micro assay reactor. A recirculation flow reactor was designed and used for the biochemical production of 2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-oxazolidine-l-oxyl, a potentially useful MRI contrast agent.

The activity of the immobilized microsomes was found to increase over time when stored in CaCl₂ or in buffer at 4-8°C. The increase in activity is a result of the removal of inherent inhibitors …

Investigation Of Benzo(A)Pyrene In Outdoor Air, Indoor Air And Personal Inhalation Air, Hsiu-Wen Chen

Theses

The assessment of human exposure to an environmental contaminant requires the measurement of the concentrations levels present in each pathway of possible contact.

This was an investigation of human exposure to an environmental pollutant, benzo(a)pyrene, in outdoor air, indoor air and personal inhalation air samples. The analytical procedure involved extraction by ultrasonic and separation by thin layer chromatography, and detection by fluorescence. The resulting data was used to develop a profile of indoor and outdoor human exposure to B(a)P during the year.

Robotic Safety Utilizing A Safety Engineering Approach, Brian Gallagher

Theses

Robotic safety is examined and explained using a safety engineering perspective. After reviewing robot fundamentals and defining the need for safety, hazard assessment and risk analysis techniques are studied. Reasons for a comprehensive robot safety program are discussed. Currently available accident statistics are examined to better understand the hazards associated with robot installations. Robotic safety procedures and methods are listed which can help reduce the severity or frequency of hazards. Various safeguarding sensors and types are analyzed for they are the "last line of defense" to reduce hazards to an acceptable level. The American Robot Safety Standard, ANSI/RIA R15.06 - …

A Computer-Aided Instruction Electrical Safety Course, Edward John Gusciora

Theses

It is the purpose of this thesis to show how computerized training can be used in helping to create an effective safety program. Through example, a complete electrical safety program will be developed for workers whose jobs do not pertain directly to electrical installations, but who use them through the course of their daily work activities. A computer-aided instruction module on electrical safety will be developed for presentation to workers on an IBM compatible computer.

Importance of Thesis

Too often safety factors go into the design criteria of a piece of equipment or a manufacturing process and do not extend …

Spectrum Analysis Of Heart Rate Variability, Xuming Wang

Theses

This research investigated the respiratory influence on heart rate variability. The heart rate spectrum was obtained from the heart rate variability signal which was extracted from the electrocardiogram We then studied the magnitude of the respiration peak in the heart rate spectrum and examined the dependence of the magnitude of this peak on breathing frequency, subject and day.

An experiment designed to simultaneously acquire the electrocardiogram and the respiration signal was conducted on ten people ranging from 22 to 55 years of age (3 females, 7 males). Three tests were performed on each subject. In each test, 2 different postures …

A Study Of Volatile Organic Compound Emissions In The Ambient Air Of A Sanitary Landfill In Richard W. Dekorte State Park, New Jersey, Minsen Gao

Theses

A study was made of 15 volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in the ambient air emissions of a sanitary landfill located at Richard W. DeKorte Park, Lyndhurst, New Jersey. The samples were collected from July 1986 to September 1987 at 10 designated landfill sites over the selected time period from 4 to 24 hours by drawing the air to be analyzed through a Tenax trap. An average 10 to 15 liters of air sample was collected each time. Sample analysis is done on a Varian Gas Chromatograph (GC) combined with a Tekmar Thermal Desorber. A standard gas mixture of the 15 …

Environmental Impact Assessment For Water Resources Projects : Planning Procedure And Analytical Methods, Mahadesh C. Tumkur

Theses

This thesis presents a state of the art review of environmental impact assessment procedures utilised in the water resources projects which have evolved over the past two decades. The methodologies employed and some of their limitations which exist and are inherent in both the planning and assessment phases of analysis are identified. The above was supplemented by an investigation of the various views of professionals currently employing the above methodologies. The review effort summarizes the relevant information obtained from the literature which is rather dynamic because of the ever evolving nature of the field. One conclusion drawn from this study …

Investigation Of Major Mutagenic Substances In Airborne Particulate Matter : Biologically-Driven Analysis Of Fractions And Analysis Of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (Pahs) Nitro-Pahs And Other Classes Of Compounds, Jung-Hen Lwo

Theses

A modified fractionation scheme involving acid-base partitioning and silica gel column chromatography has been used as the first step in the bioassay-directed search for significant levels of mutagenic compounds in extracts of inhalable (IP10) ambient air particulates. The biologically "hot" fractions were separated and analyzed chemically or subfractionated to isolate and concentrate "hot" subfractions which were then chemically analyzed by GC/MS FTIR, and HPLC equipped with UV, Fluorescence and Photodiode Array UV detectors.

The Ames assay of mutagenicity has involved the unactivated TA98 strain of Salmonella and enzyme-activated (TA98+S9) assays. In addition, some assays have been performed in this present …

A Study Of Employee Alcohol And Drug Abuse Programs, Phyllis E. Waters

Theses

This study is primarily concerned with drugs and alcohol in the workplace, the range and impact of chemical abuse and how companies are coping with this problem.

The purpose of this study is to study organizations which have formal employee assistance or drug rehabilitation programs and what kind of impact such programs have on reducing drug abuse in the work place.

The first chapter tells the history of these early occupational programs and how they evolved into what is commonly known today as Employee Assistance Programs. It also explains how alcoholism and drug abuse became accepted as a disease.

The …

Anaerobic Biodegradation Of Trichloroethylene By Activated Carbon Fluidized-Bed, Yeam-How Chin

Theses

Abstract - The biodegradation of Trichloroethylene by using anaerobic activated carbon fluidized bed has been investigated in the present study. High quality effluent was obtainable when the TCE influent concentration was up to 2.4 ppm in the first stage. Glucose was introduced as a cosubstrate to determine the effects of glucose/TCE ratio on the COD, Glucose and TCE removal. The experimental data indicates that the overall TCE removal efficiency was only slightly affected by TCE loading, but the first stage performance was significantly influenced by TCE loadings. It was also found that the microbial activities were affected by TCE loadings …

Obstacles To Women Seeking Management Careers : What They Are, And How American Companies And Women Confront Them, Lih-Fang Chiou

Theses

The thesis focuses on the obstacles faced by women who enter management. It is understood from the literature that the obstacles facing women can be attributed to societal issues or external factors, and to internal obstacles which arise from the perception women have of themselves and their position in the labor force.

The purpose of this research is not to identify all of the obstacles. The focus, instead, is on how women and management respond to the obstacles and how they have created access to senior management positions.

In choosing a managerial career, the critical mission for women executives is …

Determination Of Trace Amounts Of Lead, Cadium And Zinc In Vegetables Using Differential Pulse Polarography, Elizabeth Franca-Romitti

Theses

Toxic metals are present in foods to greater or lesser extention as contaminants, as a result of increasing industrialization, and associated pollution of the biosphere. Lead and cadmium are well known toxic metals which accumulate into the body causing harmful effects at low concentration levels especially in children. Zinc, on the other hand, is an essential micronutrient, but larger levels in foods can be considered toxic.

Twenty eight brands of vegetables including canned, glass packed, frozen and fresh vegetables were analyzed for Pb, Cd, and Zn, in tomatoes, carrots, mushrooms and asparagus. The technique used was Differential Pulse Polarography (DPP) …

Visual System Modeling And System Response Analysis, Zhongquan Li

Theses

Based on the anatomical structure, a structural model of the visual system was established. System responses of different stimulations were analyzed based on the model. More extensive study was made on the system impulse response. A mathematical model with parameters representing prominent process components was developed to represent the system response in a compact form and the parameters were statistically studied to correlate to the real physiological characteristics of the visual system. The parameters of the model were used to fit the system intensity response function. The result shows that it is a more quantitative way to construct the system …

The Effects Of Degraded Indoor Air Quality On Employees Working In High Rise Office Buildings, Richard Patrick Luongo

Theses

An examination of the effects of poor indoor air quality on workers in high rise office buildings was conducted. These effects are manifested physiologically, psychologically and economically and originate from sources inside and outside the building, as well as from the building's ventilation system. These sources include combustion products, microorganisms, volatile organic chemicals, cigarette smoke and miscellaneous chemicals. Lower productivity and higher absenteeism are the initial results of these effects. If the situation becomes chronic, an erosion of trust between employer and employee can occur which may eventually serve as the basis for litigation, such as worker's compensation claims and …

Laboratory Model Studies Of Pneumatic Fracturing Of Soils To Remove Volatile Organic Compounds, Panayiotis Papanicolaou

Theses

Bench-scale laboratory studies were conducted from January 1988 to October 1988 to demonstrate the feasibility of using Pneumatic Fracturing* to enhance the removal of Volatile Organic Compounds from the vadose soil zone. Experiments were conducted to investigate: 1) The effect of pneumatic fracturing on the rate of contaminant removal; and 2) the injection pressures required to initiate soil fracturing.

Contaminated soil was placed and compacted in three identical 15 inch square by 30 inch high plexiglass tanks. The first tank was equipped with a vapor extraction system consisting of vacuum and/or positive air injection. The second tank was equipped with …

Microbial Competition In The Biodegradation Of Phenol, Mary Ellen Frank

Theses

Three phenol degraders were isolated from the mixed liquor of the Livingston, NJ municipal treatment plant. Shaker flask experiments using one of the degraders (a Pseudomonas sp.) resulted in the determination of its kinetic rate constants. The second phenol degrader (a Xanthamonas) lost its phenol degrading ability while being stored, and its kinetic rate constants could not be determined. The third phenol degrader (a Pseudomonas cepacia) formed flocs which interfered with the spectrophotometric determination of biomass and therefore its kinetic rate constants also could not be determined.

Mixed culture experiments were carried out using a the Pseudomonas sp. and a …

Thermal Decomposition Of 1,1,2- Trichloroethane In Hydrogen In Tubular Flow Reactors At Atmospheric Pressure, Chen-Chung Yeh

Theses

The decomposition of 1,1,2-trichloroethane in a hydrogen gas bath was carried out at 1 atmosphere total pressure in three different surface to volume ratio flow reactors. Temperature ranged from 440 to 850 °C and the residence times studied were in the range 0.2 - 2.3 seconds. Application of the first order rate expression to this data yields a linear relationship for each temperature studied and thus global rate constants for loss of reactant were determined.

It was found that conversion of the reagent was a function of both temperature and residence time. The major products observed are 1, 2-dichloroethylene (CHClCHCl), …

Application Of Microwave Energy To Remediation Of Soils Contaminated With Chromium, Chih-Ju Jou

Theses

A process based upon microwave treatment has been developed to render soil non-hazardous after that soil had been classified as hazardous due to heavy metal contamination. It has been applied to chromium-contaminated soil. The object of the present regulations is to prevent damage to water supplies as a result of the leaching of heavy metal ions from the soils. This object is expressed in the standard test for leaching, namely, the EPA EP Leachate test. This process can be used to immobilize metal ions sufficiently to meet the aforementioned standard. The present standard is based upon acid leaching, and not …

A Computer Program On The Economics Of Collection And Sortation Of Recyclable Materials In Municipal Solid Wastes, Ara Nigogos Kahyaoglu

Theses

The first version of the economic of recyclable materials in municipal solid waste analysis program was developed in interpretive BASIC by Rutgers the State University of New Jersey. Since BASIC is a line interpretative language several restrictions were encountered, the major one being the language size restriction.

The first objective was to obtain a truly portable program that would not be dependent on specific compilers and operating systems. The second objective was to generate a program that had the capability for expansion.

The C language was used over other high level languages such as PASCAL and FORTRAN because it had …

Study Of An Analytical Method For Benzo(A)Pyrene Metabolites In Human Urine, Zheng Ouyang

Theses

A method developed by Becher and Bjorseth for analysis of PAH metabolites in urine was employed to investigate human exposure to benzo(a)pyrene (BaP) - an ubiquitous environmental carcinogen. Preliminary results are presented showing the relationship between exposure to BaP and urinary elimination. Although the correlation between the two variables is not statistically significant, there appears to be a positive association with selected exposure varibles such as smoking. The identification of an association may establish urinary BaP as a marker of exposure.

However, detailed study of the analytical procedure indicated that recoveries with this method were as low as 3-8% for …

Organics In Ambient Air By Collection On Tenax, Thermal Desorption,And Capillary Chromatography With Parallel Fid/Ecd Analysis, Chih-Hsiang Liao

Theses

Volatile organics in ambient air were regularly collected on Tenax cartridges at high (10 ml/min) and low (5 ml/min) intake flows. These Tenax samples were analyzed by using a Tekmar Automatic Thermal Desorber and capillary GC system with parallel flame ionization (FID) and electron capture detectors (ECD). A series of quality assurance procedures has been established to improve and assure the accuracy and precision of sample collector and analysis. These procedures relate to performance of the Tekmar thermal desorber, recovery efficiency from the Tenax, and include studies on breakthrough and co-elution. The results demonstrate (1) that from ambient air data …

Determination Of Benzo(A)Pyrene Metabolites In The Bile Of Winter Flounder From The New York Bight, Xingmin Liu

Theses

A method for detecting the concentration of BaP Metabolites in fish tissues has been developed. The analytical procedure includes extraction of PAH and BaP Metabolites from fish bile, liver extract and muscle extract; reduction of metabolites to BaP using hydriodic acid; and subsequent analysis of the BaP by thin layer chromatography with fluorescence detection. The method is applied to tissues from fish collected from polluted as well as clean reference waters and experimental tanks with dilutions of treated industrial wastewater. Experimental results on one kind of bottom-dwelling fish, winter flounder, which comes from the Hudson-Raritan Estuary, NY, where the water …

Surfactant Enhanced Scrubbing In An Ejector Venturi Scrubber Of Sulfur Dioxide From Air Exhaust Streams, Humberto Roman

Theses

The objective of this work was to determine the feasibility of applying the Surfactant Enhanced Scrubbing technique to the removal of sulfur dioxide using an ejector venturi scrubber.

Surfactants were chosen according to information from manufacturers. Those surfactants which offered good behavior in the presence of acidic solutions ( low pH ), and anti-corrosion characteristics were tested.

In the first phase, experiments were performed to determine the behavior of the foams in the ejector venturi scrubber. A foam destruction system was used when foaming conditions required it. In the second phase dynamic runs were performed to determine the removal efficiencies …

Scanning Electron Microscopy And X-Ray Energy Dispersive Spectroscopic Analysis Of Selected Sorbent Materials, Elhamy Amin Sedhom

Theses

A previous study⁽¹⁾ showed that a combination of acidic and basic sorbents in a layered system is required to reduce to safe levels the contaminants present in the leachates emanating from industrial landfills. The sorbents used were fly ash, vermiculite, kaolinite, illite, zeolite, apautagite, bentonite, activated carbon and bauxite.

The purpose of this investigation is to study the physical properties, elemental composition and the distribution of the aforementioned solid sorbents. Properties of interest are particle size, shape and distribution and also the chemical composition and the distribution of the elements within the sample particles.

Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and …

Characterization Of Activated Sludge Immobilized In Calcium Alginate Gel With Respect To Biodegradation Of 2-Chlorophenol And Benzene, Manjari Singh

Theses

Activated sludges acclimated with phenol and 2-chlorophenol in one case, and a mixture of benzene, toluene, and o, in and p-xylene in another case, were characterized for biodegradation of 2-chlorophenol and benzene, respectively. Activated sludge was obtained from the Parsippany-Troy Hills Water Pollution Control Plant (NJ).

For both cases colonies were isolated before acclimation, after acclimation, and at the end of biodegradation studies. Since the unacclimated group was the same in both cases, there were a total of five different groups for which characterization was carried out.

For all the five groups together, a total of 54 isolates were obtained …

Marketing And Feasibility Study For Launching A City/Regional Magazine In Rochester, New York, John K. Aizstrauts

Theses

A magazine's launch success and long-term survival depends on several key factors, among which are: 1. The presentation of valuable and/or interesting information to its target market audience. 2. Reaching the appropriate audience with that information. 3. Reaching a sufficiently large audience. 4. Attracting advertisers interested in the magazine's target audience. The four primary factors address the critical issues of finding a suitable marketing opportunity in terms of product and audience, as well as providing a viable medium with which advertisers can reach the same audience. Consequently, how well and quickly a magazine satisfies those factors will greatly influence its …

Historical Fiction Manuscript As A Master's Project, Audrey Deppe

Theses

Unavailable.

Photography In Lisbon, Portugal, Luis Pavao

Theses

None provided.