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Influence Of Rearrangement Of Actin Cytoskeleton On The Overall Material Properties Of Atdc5 Cells During Chondrogenesis, Madhavi V. S. Ayyalasomayajula
Influence Of Rearrangement Of Actin Cytoskeleton On The Overall Material Properties Of Atdc5 Cells During Chondrogenesis, Madhavi V. S. Ayyalasomayajula
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Studies show that when chondrocytes are cultured in 2D, they lose their phenotype. This change is reversed when the cells are embedded in a 3D culture system such as in agarose gel. Previous experiments in our lab showed that when prechodrocytic cells were embedded in agarose, chondrogenesis was triggered in these cells. This work attempts to understand the mechanical implications of this behavior. It also provides an estimate of the sensitivity of the apparatus that would be required to carry out compression loading experiments of gel-cell constructs that can distinguish between pre-chondrocytes and chondrocytes.;ATDC5 cells were cultured in 3D for …
Synchronization Of Spatiotemporal Patterns And Modeling Disease Spreading Using Excitable Media, Jianxia Cui
Synchronization Of Spatiotemporal Patterns And Modeling Disease Spreading Using Excitable Media, Jianxia Cui
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Studies of the photosensitive Belousov-Zhabotinsky (BZ) reaction are reviewed and the essential features of excitable media are described. The synchronization of two distributed Belousov-Zhabotinsky systems is experimentally and theoretically investigated. Symmetric local coupling of the systems is made possible with the use of a video camera-projector scheme. The spatial disorder of the coupled systems, with random initial configurations of spirals, gradually decreases until a final state is attained, which corresponds to a synchronized state with a single spiral in each system. The experimental observations are compared with numerical simulations of two identical Oregonator models with symmetric local coupling, and a …
Chaotic Price Dynamics Of Agricultural Commodities, Jeff B. Cromwell
Chaotic Price Dynamics Of Agricultural Commodities, Jeff B. Cromwell
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Traditionally, commodity prices have been analyzed and modeled in the context of linear generating processes. The purpose of this dissertation is to address the adequacy of this work through examination of the critical assumption of independence in the residual process of linearly specified models. As an alternative, a test procedure is developed and utilized to demonstrate the appropriateness of applying generalized conditional heteroscedastic time series models (GARCH) to agricultural commodity prices. In addition, a distinction is made between testing for independence and testing for chaos in commodity prices. The price series of interest derive from the major international agricultural commodity …
Molecular Speciation Using Pulsed Glow Discharge Time -Of -Flight Mass Spectrometry, Lei Li
Molecular Speciation Using Pulsed Glow Discharge Time -Of -Flight Mass Spectrometry, Lei Li
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Glow discharge mass spectrometry is a well-developed elemental analysis technique for solid samples. Pulsed glow discharges exhibit advantages over continuous power glow discharges. The brief, high-power pulse yields transient but intense analytical signals, increasing analytical sensitivities; meanwhile, the following power-off period allows samples to be sufficiently cooled to avoid plasma instability. In this work, pulsed glow discharge mass spectrometry has been successfully employed to determine bromine concentrations in a series of thermally labile plastic samples.;Of more analytical interest are the temporal variations in plasma chemistry within the pulsed glow discharges. A plasma perturbation method was employed to investigate the plasma …
Effectiveness Of Trek-21 Model Of Professional Development On Changes In Teacher Practices With Respect To Instructional Technology Integration, Chifundo N. Lemani
Effectiveness Of Trek-21 Model Of Professional Development On Changes In Teacher Practices With Respect To Instructional Technology Integration, Chifundo N. Lemani
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between key factors of Trek-21 professional development model and resulting changes in teacher practices with respect to the integration of instructional technologies into participants' classrooms. The Trek 21 professional development was a three-year project designed to bring about a deep and lasting change in educators through the integration of instructional technologies. The project was funded as an implementation grant through the U.S. Department of Education's Preparing Tomorrow's Teachers to Use Technology (PT3) grant program. The Trek-21 professional development was developed around research-based practices that enabled participants to develop IT skills …
Numerical Simulation Of Fine Particle Separation In Hindered -Settling Bed Separators By Computational Fluid Dynamics, Yunkai Xia
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
The objective of the present study was to improve the understanding of multiple phase flows in hindered-settling bed separators (HSBS). A better understanding of mineral separation in HSBS and the role of structured plates was gained through studies conducted with Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) analysis tools. An Euler-Lagrange model from CFD technique is used for this purpose.;In an Euler-Lagrange model, two dimensional incompressible Navier-Stokes equations are solved with the implementation of a finite volume approach over staggered grids with application of Baldwin-Lomax turbulent model. The overall accuracy of the method is second-order in both space and time. The calculation of …
Theoretical And Experimental Analysis Of Frp Bridge Decks Under Thermal Loads, Krit Laosiriphong
Theoretical And Experimental Analysis Of Frp Bridge Decks Under Thermal Loads, Krit Laosiriphong
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
The temperature difference between the top and bottom of a fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) composite deck (120°F) is nearly three times that of conventional concrete decks (40°F). The large temperature difference is attributed to low thermal conductivity of FRP material and low thermal mass due to hollow core. Thermal response studies have been conducted for FRP bridge decks under thermal fluctuations and temperature difference across the deck depth.;In this study, thermal tests were conducted on two FRP bridge deck modules (4&inches; and 8&inches; deep decks) in the laboratory by heating or cooling at the top surface of FRP deck (i.e., …
Application Of Turning Point Theory To Communication Following An Acquired Disability, Katie Neary Dunleavy
Application Of Turning Point Theory To Communication Following An Acquired Disability, Katie Neary Dunleavy
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Interpersonal relationships are affected when one relational partner acquires a disability. The acquisition of the disability is considered a turning point and the interest of this study is what occurs after the turning point. In particular, this study investigated the satisfaction, emotional support and solidarity of those who have acquired a disability in their life and one of their able-bodied relational partners. The stages of adjustment to a disability were also quantitatively analyzed. Both the participants who acquired a disability and their relational partners completed self-report measures. Difficulties in obtaining participants led to descriptive results. Challenges to a small participant …
Synthesis Of 1,1'-Binaphthyl Derivatives Via Benzannulated Enyne-Allenes, Joshua F. Bailey
Synthesis Of 1,1'-Binaphthyl Derivatives Via Benzannulated Enyne-Allenes, Joshua F. Bailey
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
The generation of benzannulated enyne-allenes in situ via a prototropic isomerization promotes a cascade radical cyclization to the formation of 1,1 '-binaphthyl derivatives. The simplicity of the synthetic method and the mildness of the reaction conditions make this cascade cyclization process an intriguing alternative route to the generation of 1,1' -binaphthyl derivatives. The transformation from a precursor benzannulated enyne-allene to a novel binaphthyl system proceeds through a C2-C 6 cyclization reaction followed by a radical-radical coupling reaction and tautomerization to provide the formal Diels-Alder adduct.
Pentosidine As A Biomarker For Age In Birds And Museum-Prepared Study Skins, Jesse A. Fallon
Pentosidine As A Biomarker For Age In Birds And Museum-Prepared Study Skins, Jesse A. Fallon
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
The phenomenon of aging is progressive, irreversible and universal to all living things. One unavoidable outcome of aging is the modification of proteins by sugars, which, through a non-enzymatic process, can lead to the formation of crosslinked compounds termed advanced glycation endproducts. One such endproduct, pentosidine (Ps), is an indicator, or biomarker, of biological age. Because most birds have no reliable markers of age beyond adulthood, this investigation examines the accumulation of Ps as an estimator of chronological age in birds. The first study herein examines interspecies comparison of Ps accumulation in Ruffed grouse and Double-crested cormorants. The second investigates …
Nutrient Remobilization During Development And Senescence Of Petunia X Hybrida Floral Organs, Karyn L. Smith
Nutrient Remobilization During Development And Senescence Of Petunia X Hybrida Floral Organs, Karyn L. Smith
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Fresh weight, dry weight, and macronutrient content of corollas, ovaries, and styles were measured during the development and senescence of several wild-type and transgenic Petunia x hybrida plants. Flowers of age-related senescence exhibited growth, maintenance, and senescence phases during development. Flowers terminated by pollination-induced senescence exhibited only growth and senescence phases. Fresh and dry weight of Mitchell, V26, and SAG12-IPT corollas followed patterns previously observed in climacteric flowers. SAG12-IPT, a cytokinin overproducing plant, exhibited a prolonged maintenance phase compared to V26. A temporary increase in fresh weight, dry weight, and macronutrients of Mitchell corollas occurred at the expected onset of …
Teachers' Beliefs In Relation To Their Instructional Technology Practices, Deniz Palak
Teachers' Beliefs In Relation To Their Instructional Technology Practices, Deniz Palak
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
This study investigated how teachers' beliefs and factors other than teachers' beliefs relate to teachers' instructional technology practices. Teachers' beliefs were identified as teacher-centered beliefs, student-centered beliefs, and attitudes toward technology integration. Teacher confidence and comfort, technical support, general school support, and ratio of computers-to-students in the classroom were identified as factors other than teachers' beliefs.;The study employed both quantitative and qualitative research methodologies. The research population of this study involved 113 technology-using P--12 teachers who worked in technology-rich schools in West Virginia. The quantitative research methods employed two surveys and computed a series of correlational and multiple regression analyses …
Acoustical And Flow Characteristics Of A Cough As An Index Of Pulmonary Function In The Guinea Pig, Joshua W. Day
Acoustical And Flow Characteristics Of A Cough As An Index Of Pulmonary Function In The Guinea Pig, Joshua W. Day
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Human studies indicate that cough sound and flow analysis may be useful for diagnosing pulmonary abnormalities. The purpose of this study was to evaluate an animal model for cough sound and flow analysis. A system was designed to expose guinea pigs to aerosols of citric acid (0.39M) and record resulting coughs at different stages of chemically induced specific airway resistance (sRAW). Coughs were divided into three categories (low sRAW, n = 113; moderate sRAW, n = 143; high sR AW, n = 93). 124 cough sound parameters were derived from the analysis of the sound pressure waves recorded during the …
Feature-Level Fusion In Multimodal Biometrics, Rohin K. Govindarajan
Feature-Level Fusion In Multimodal Biometrics, Rohin K. Govindarajan
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Multimodal biometric systems utilize the evidence presented by multiple biometric modalities (e.g., face and fingerprint, multiple fingers of a user, multiple impressions of a single finger, etc.) in order to determine or verify the identity of an individual. Information from multiple sources can be consolidated in three distinct levels [1]: (i) feature set level; (ii) match score level; and (iii) decision level. While fusion at the match score and decision levels have been extensively studied in the literature, fusion at the feature level is a relatively understudied problem. A novel technique to perform fusion at the feature level by considering …
Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy Of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell Stacks, Brian J. Hetzer
Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy Of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell Stacks, Brian J. Hetzer
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) is applied to a small, four cell Proton Exchange Membrane (PEM) fuel cell stack to examine the stack response as the load current changes. The measured stack response is compared to a simulated response generated by a stack model that has been developed using MATLAB. The results show that the model predicted well the behavior of the VI curve for currents less than 50 Amps. The model also qualitatively predicted the impedance response as a function of current and frequency. Because of apparent model incompleteness, it was not able to predict accurately the shape of the …
Effect Of Watering Regime And Media Components On The Production Of Organic Tomato Transplants, Melissa C. Vantine
Effect Of Watering Regime And Media Components On The Production Of Organic Tomato Transplants, Melissa C. Vantine
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
In order to find appropriate methods to produce quality organic tomato transplants, tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum cv. WV '63) seedlings were grown in four growing media containing various ratios of composted animal manure and were compared to transplants grown in a conventional peat-lite mix receiving synthetic fertilizers. These five media were watered according to eight watering regimes, including five watering levels and three watering regimes containing compost tea. Composted horse and cow manure can be used in part or instead of peat in organic potting mixes. The ratio of compost used will depend on characteristics of the compost and will also …
Information Fusion Schemes For Real Time Risk Assessment In Adaptive Control Systems, Martin Mladenovski
Information Fusion Schemes For Real Time Risk Assessment In Adaptive Control Systems, Martin Mladenovski
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Intelligent Flight Control System (IFCS) deploys a neural network for in-flight aircraft failure accommodation. Verification and validation (V&V) of adaptive systems is a challenging research problem. Our approach to V&V relies on real-time monitoring of neural network learning. Monitors detect learning anomalies and react to different failure conditions. We investigated data fusion techniques suitable for the analysis of neural network monitors. Monitor outputs are fused into a measure of confidence, indicating the belief in the correctness of failure accommodation mechanism provided by the neural network. We investigated two data fusion techniques, one based on Dempster-Shafer theory and the other based …
Smoking And Dose-Dependent Early Effects Of Nicotine On Bone Mechanical Properties And Histology, Daniel Shaw Porter
Smoking And Dose-Dependent Early Effects Of Nicotine On Bone Mechanical Properties And Histology, Daniel Shaw Porter
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
The objective was to study the effects of nicotine and cigarette smoke on mechanical properties of cortical bone. Experiments were conducted for 5 weeks with New Zealand White Rabbits. The first experiment of 18 rabbits studied the effect of nicotine levels delivered via a nicotine patch (5.25, 10.5, 21 ng/ml), measured by different mechanical tests, porosity, and composition. There was no significant difference between the control and the treatment groups.;The second experiment of 22 rabbits studied the effects of nicotine delivered via a nicotine patch (10.5 ng/ml) and via a smoking chamber on fracture toughness and porosity. The rabbits exposed …
Diagnosis Of Operational Changes In Microelectromechanical Systems Via Fault Detection, Scott A. Rittenhouse
Diagnosis Of Operational Changes In Microelectromechanical Systems Via Fault Detection, Scott A. Rittenhouse
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
As microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) devices migrate into progressively more critical systems, the reliability these devices have to demonstrate must increasingly improve. Current research in the reliability of MEMS has succeeded in increasing the reliability of commercialized MEMS before they are integrated into an application by focusing on fabrication processes, device materials, and packaging. In this study, the focus is on assessing the reliability of MEMS during device operation.;A fault detection approach was taken to diagnose incipient changes in the operation of MEMS devices. Model-based fault detection schemes utilizing the Kalman filter and Hinfinity filter as residual generators were investigated. Analysis …
Design Of A Standardized Sensor Platform For A C-130 Aircraft, Zenovy S. Wowczuk
Design Of A Standardized Sensor Platform For A C-130 Aircraft, Zenovy S. Wowczuk
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
The development of a standardized sensor pallet system for a C-130 aircraft was conceived by the National Guard to assist in counterdrug reconnaissance activities within the United States. Before development, the design parameters were established by the National Guard mission requirements and by the limitations of the C-130 aircraft. These limitations include using Commercial off the Shelf (COTS) and Government off the Shelf (GOTS) items when developing the system that must be universal on all C-130 aircraft variants B thru H. Further design criteria are delegated by the limitations of the C-130 aircraft. The following work describes the design process …
Adolescents' Perceptions Of Interparental Conflict And The Impact On Their Aggressive Communication Traits, Christine E. Kunkle
Adolescents' Perceptions Of Interparental Conflict And The Impact On Their Aggressive Communication Traits, Christine E. Kunkle
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
This study examines the relationship between interparental conflict and adolescents' aggressive communication while utilizing tolerance for disagreement as a mediating variable. Participants were 159 high school students. Participants completed a modified version of the Children's Perception of Interparental Conflict Scale (Grych, Seid, & Fincham, 1992), the Argumentativeness Scale (Infante & Rancer, 1982), the Verbal Aggressiveness Scale (Infante & Wigley, 1986), and the Revised Tolerance for Disagreement Scale (Teven, Martin, & Neupauer, 1998). No significant relationships were found between perceived interparental conflict and adolescents' tendencies to approach arguments, adolescents' tendencies to avoid arguments, and adolescents' verbal aggressiveness. When controlling for tolerance …
Reduction Of Natural Gas Engine Emissions Using A Novel Aftertreatment System, Timothy S. Burlingame
Reduction Of Natural Gas Engine Emissions Using A Novel Aftertreatment System, Timothy S. Burlingame
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
The global objective of this study was to develop an exhaust aftertreatment system to reduce gaseous and particulate matter emissions from natural gas fueled vehicles. Specific objectives of this study were to evaluate and characterize emissions from a natural gas fueled vehicle powered by a Cummins C8.3G+ engine with and without the particulate matter (PM) filter and oxidation catalyst (OC) combination, which was designed and developed by West Virginia University in collaboration with Lubrizol-ECS. Central Business District (CBD) Cycle tests were performed on West Virginia University's Transportable Emissions Testing Laboratory. A heavy-duty transportable chassis dynamometer and a dedicated "clean" dilution …
Particle Breakage In Sand Blasting Due To Impact On Ductile Materials, Ravi Kishore Bandaru
Particle Breakage In Sand Blasting Due To Impact On Ductile Materials, Ravi Kishore Bandaru
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Cleaning of rust, paint or removing burrs and many other such applications are done by several processes. Sand blasting is one of them, where a stream of sand particles is forcefully projected onto a surface, with compressed air or steam. These sand particles break up into very small pieces upon impact, which are inhaled by workers to cause silicosis. While much research has been done on the surface being impacted, very little research has been done on the particle itself. Hence, proper analytical modeling of the sand blasting process from the particle perspective, validated by experimental results, is required to …
Super Resolution Of Fingerprints, Kaustubh R. Deshpande
Super Resolution Of Fingerprints, Kaustubh R. Deshpande
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
The goal of any biometric recognition algorithm has been to target 100% recognition rate. Even a failure of 0.1% of the cases may be disastrous to the overall performance of the algorithm given the nature of the application. The performance of the recognition module is dependent directly on the quality of the images fed to this algorithm. It is no wonder thus that enhancing these images before they are fed into the recognition algorithm has gained importance in the recent years.;In this work, we develop a super-resolution method with a specific goal to improve the resolution of biometric images. This …
Effects Of Artificial Neural Network Speed-Based Inputs On Heavy-Duty Vehicle Emissions Prediction, Nastaran Hashemi
Effects Of Artificial Neural Network Speed-Based Inputs On Heavy-Duty Vehicle Emissions Prediction, Nastaran Hashemi
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
The PM split study was performed in Southern California on thirty-four heavy-duty diesel vehicles using the West Virginia University Transportable Heavy-Duty Vehicle Emissions Testing Laboratories to gather emissions data of these vehicles. The data obtained from six vehicles in the 1985--2001 model year and 33,000--80,000 lb weight range exercised through three different cycles were selected in this thesis. To predict the instantaneous levels of oxides of nitrogen (NOx), carbon dioxide (CO2), hydrocarbons (HC) and carbon monoxide (CO), an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) was used. Axle speed, torque, their rates of change over different time periods and two other variables as …
Finite Element Modeling Of Crack Detection In Aircraft Structures Using Electrical Current, Ramkumar Kumar Geetha
Finite Element Modeling Of Crack Detection In Aircraft Structures Using Electrical Current, Ramkumar Kumar Geetha
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Various non-destructive test methods have been developed for the detection of cracks in metallic structures. Electromagnetic non-destructive testing (NDT) is one of the widely used non-destructive methods used for the detection and characterization of cracks. Utilizing the principle of electromagnetic induction, this technique is used in the areas of nuclear, aerospace, power, transport, petroleum and other industries to inspect defects in metallic sheets, plates and tubes that have good electrical conductivity.;Aircraft structures and wings are made of aluminum sheets riveted together. Cracks are often found emanating from the edge of the rivet holes which are covered by the rivets and …
Coal Desulfurization With Sodium Hypochlorite, Wei Li
Coal Desulfurization With Sodium Hypochlorite, Wei Li
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Wet desulfurization of Pittsburgh No. 8 coal and Illinois No. 6 coal were conducted with sodium hypochlorite in the laboratory. Pittsburgh No. 8 coal was leached by hypochlorite at high pHs in one step only. The hypochlorite concentration varied from 0.2 to 0.6 molar; sodium hydroxide concentration, from 0.2 to 0.8 molar; and temperature was at the levels of 80 and 90°C. The desulfurization of Illinois No. 6 coal was conducted in three consecutive steps of pretreatment in concentrated ammonia at room temperature, leaching with hypochlorite at room temperature and hydrolysis in a sodium hydroxide solution at 90°C. In the …
Transmitter Precoding For Multi-Antenna Multi-User Communications, Kirtan N. Modi
Transmitter Precoding For Multi-Antenna Multi-User Communications, Kirtan N. Modi
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Emerging wireless sensor networks and existing wireless cellular and ad hoc networks motivate the design of low-power receivers. Multi-user interference drastically reduces the energy efficiency of wireless multi-user communications by introducing errors in the bits being detected at the receiver. Interference rejection algorithms and multiple antenna techniques can significantly reduce the bit-error-rate at the receiver. Unfortunately, while interference rejection algorithms burden the receiver with heavy signal processing functionalities, thereby increasing the power consumption at the receiver, the small size of receivers, specifically in sensor networks and in downlink cellular communications, prohibits the use of multiple receive antennas. In a broadcast …
Failure Mechanisms In Impact Erosion Of Ductile Materials, Ramesh Padavala
Failure Mechanisms In Impact Erosion Of Ductile Materials, Ramesh Padavala
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Solid particle erosion in ductile materials is a common problem in many industrial applications. It is defined as material loss resulting from the mechanical contact between the particle and the metal surface. Many experimental studies were reported in the past to determine the loss of the material due to these ductile impacts. Conducting experiments for numerous materials at different conditions is difficult and costly. A finite element model to predict the ductile erosion loss at various conditions for different materials is more expedient.;In this thesis a finite element model was developed to predict the erosion loss for AL 6061-T0 at …
Characterization Of Pyrolysis Products From End-Of-Life Electronic Equipment, Venkatadri E. Thiruvallur
Characterization Of Pyrolysis Products From End-Of-Life Electronic Equipment, Venkatadri E. Thiruvallur
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Tertiary Recycling of End-of-Life electronic equipment such as computer monitor casings and disk drives is considered in this project. This research aim's at finding new recycling processes that have a possibility for economic scale-up. The present work was divided into two parts. The first one dealt with the investigation of two mixed-plastics streams provided by MBA Polymers (MBAP). One of the streams consisted of fines (MBAP-1), and the other was a non-separable stream, MBAP-2. These solid polymer streams from MBAP were reacted in a Tubular Reactor inerted with helium. The overall objective of these reactions is to determine the process …