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Breeding And Post-Breeding Forest Bird Community Dynamics In Regenerating Clearcuts And Two-Age Harvests In The Central Appalachians, Molly Erin Mcdermott
Breeding And Post-Breeding Forest Bird Community Dynamics In Regenerating Clearcuts And Two-Age Harvests In The Central Appalachians, Molly Erin Mcdermott
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Two-age harvesting has been used more frequently in the management of Central Appalachian hardwood stands as an alternative to clearcutting, but long-term responses of avifauna to these harvests have not been investigated during the breeding season. No studies have examined post-breeding bird communities in these harvests; recent research concerning post-breeding use of early-successional habitats has only examined clearcuts. Greater cover from predators and increased food resources in young seral forests are suspected factors behind the attraction of mature-forest birds post-breeding, and one goal was to test these hypotheses. In addition to microhabitat characteristics, avian habitat use of forest fragmented by …
Management Perceptions Of Off-Highway Vehicle Use On National Forest System Lands In Appalachia, Katherine A. Thompson
Management Perceptions Of Off-Highway Vehicle Use On National Forest System Lands In Appalachia, Katherine A. Thompson
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Because of recent changes in the USDA Forest Service (USFS) travel management regulations, all National Forests are required to create a travel management atlas that includes a motor vehicle use map by 2009. The purpose of this study was to determine the perceptions of OHV use, issues, and management among USFS District Rangers on National Forests in the Appalachian region, and to determine the differences in perceptions of those District Rangers based on the level of OHV recreation opportunities provided on their Districts. Having this information available will help managers make decisions about how to update their travel management plans. …
Increased Resistance Of Escherichia Coli O157:H7 To Electron Beam Following Repetitive Irradiation At Sub-Lethal Doses And An Analysis Of Genes Of Escherichia Coli Resistance, Leah Levanduski
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
One way that food processors in the United States control food-borne pathogens in a non-thermal manner is with the application of electron beam (e-beam) radiation. Increased resistance of Escherichia coli O157:H7 to various stressors such as pH, temperature, ionic strength, and antibiotics has been demonstrated; therefore, the objective of this study was to determine if the D10-value for E. coli O157:H7 ( E. coli) in ground beef increases due to repetitive exposure to e-beam at sub-lethal levels. Ground beef samples were inoculated with an ATCC strain of E. coli and incubated to approximately 109 CFU/g followed by e-beam processing. Survivors …
Biolayer Modeling And Optimization For The Sparrow Biosensor, Ke Feng
Biolayer Modeling And Optimization For The Sparrow Biosensor, Ke Feng
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Biosensor direct detection of molecular binding events is of significant interest in applications from molecular screening for cancer drug design to bioagent detection for homeland security and defense. The Stacked Planar Affinity Regulated Resonant Optical Waveguide (SPARROW) structure based on coupled waveguides was recently developed to achieve increased sensitivity within a fieldable biosensor device configuration. Under ideal operating conditions, modification of the effective propagation constant of the structure's sensing waveguide through selective attachment of specific targets to probes on the waveguide surface results in a change in the coupling characteristics of the guide over a specifically designed interaction length with …
Integrating Participatory Gis And Political Ecology To Study Flood Vulnerability In The Limpopo Province Of South Africa, Nthaduleni S. Nethengwe
Integrating Participatory Gis And Political Ecology To Study Flood Vulnerability In The Limpopo Province Of South Africa, Nthaduleni S. Nethengwe
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
This dissertation research examines differential flood vulnerability in the Thulamela municipality of the Limpopo Province of South Africa. The study employs a triangulation of methods within a Participatory GIS methodology. Political ecology is the conceptual framework. The main premise of this research is that household flood vulnerability is socially constructed in that it is mediated by locally contingent political, socio-economic and environmental factors. As a result, conventional solutions that focus mainly on the physical event are ineffective and costly because they ignore local knowledge about flood hazards and flood coping mechanisms that have been disrupted or destroyed. The study integrates …
De-Wetting Of Cobalt Thin Films On Sapphire, Jorge Espinosa
De-Wetting Of Cobalt Thin Films On Sapphire, Jorge Espinosa
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Cobalt thin films 4 nm thick were deposited via metal electron-beam epitaxy on sapphire (110). The films were annealed above 500°C and scanned in-situ with atomic force microscopy upon annealing. The films underwent a roughening transition above 500°C which is highly time dependent. The film's roughness increased with time with a power law of rho ∼ (t-- t0)alpha, with alpha ranging from 0.16 to 0.21, and de-wetted the sapphire substrate above 590°C. The dynamics of single clusters showed an exponential growth of their height with increasing time at early stages of the annealing process which is consistent with surface instabilities. …
Integer Flow And Petersen Minor, Taoye Zhang
Integer Flow And Petersen Minor, Taoye Zhang
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Tutte [45] conjectured that every bridgeless Petersen-minor free graph admits a nowhere-zero 4-flow. Let P10 m&d1; ) be the graph obtained from the Petersen graph by contracting mu edges from a perfect matching. In chapter 1 we prove that every bridgeless P10 3&d1; -minor free graph admits a nowhere-zero 4-flow.;Walton and Welsh [48] proved that if a coloopless regular matroid M does not have a minor in {lcub}M(K 3,3), M*(K5){rcub}, then M admits a nowhere zero 4-flow. Lai et al [27] proved that if M does not have a minor in {lcub}M( K5), M*(K5){rcub}, then M admits a nowhere zero …
Combining Complementary Formal Verification Strategies To Improve Performance And Accuracy, David R. Owen
Combining Complementary Formal Verification Strategies To Improve Performance And Accuracy, David R. Owen
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Software is increasingly complex and is used in increasingly critical applications. Sophisticated techniques are available for verifying that software systems work correctly, but these techniques can be very difficult and expensive to use. Researchers have developed tools to automatically verify software models, but using these tools can still be very costly, in terms of manual effort and expertise required to build accurate models and to formally specify required properties, and also in terms of the time and memory required to run these tools. Much work has been done to simplify the process of building software models and to improve the …
Modeling The Effect Of A Spray On A Liquid Film On A Heated Surface, Rageey M. Youssef
Modeling The Effect Of A Spray On A Liquid Film On A Heated Surface, Rageey M. Youssef
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Thermal management is considered one of the most challenging problems in practical and industrial applications such as space and satellite research. Among the most widely used techniques are spray and jet cooling. However it was found that spray cooling is the most efficient and complex technique. It was not possible to simulate the spray cooling in detail; this was due to a formation of a liquid layer above the heater surface. The interaction between the spray droplets and the liquid layer was studied in the present work indirectly by assuming a pre-existing liquid layer moving in the horizontal direction and …
Uav Based Distributed Automatic Target Detection Algorithm Under Realistic Simulated Environmental Effects, Shanshan Gong
Uav Based Distributed Automatic Target Detection Algorithm Under Realistic Simulated Environmental Effects, Shanshan Gong
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Over the past several years, the military has grown increasingly reliant upon the use of unattended aerial vehicles (UAVs) for surveillance missions. There is an increasing trend towards fielding swarms of UAVs operating as large-scale sensor networks in the air [1]. Such systems tend to be used primarily for the purpose of acquiring sensory data with the goal of automatic detection, identification, and tracking objects of interest. These trends have been paralleled by advances in both distributed detection [2], image/signal processing and data fusion techniques [3]. Furthermore, swarmed UAV systems must operate under severe constraints on environmental conditions and sensor …
Mechanical Evaluation And Fe Modeling Of Composite Sandwich Panels, Ashish S. Bambal
Mechanical Evaluation And Fe Modeling Of Composite Sandwich Panels, Ashish S. Bambal
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Most sandwich structures are defined using a three-layer type of construction, two thin layers and a thick core layer. Typically, the thickness ratio of core to face sheet is in the range of 10 to 15. For this study, end grain balsa was used as a core material (thickness ∼3 in.) and Fiber Reinforced Polymer Composite (FRP thickness ∼0.25 in.) was used as face sheet material.;The objective of this research was to develop a modeling approach to predict response of composite sandwich panels under static bending conditions. Different model including 2D and 3D solid with isotropic and orthotropic material properties …
Parametric Design Of A Coal Mine Refuge Chamber, Michael A. Fasouletos
Parametric Design Of A Coal Mine Refuge Chamber, Michael A. Fasouletos
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
In 2006 several coal mine tragedies led to safety legislation to provide post accident protection to coal miners. One of the key aspects of this legislation was providing refuge areas where miners could await rescue if they could not escape the mine. These refuge areas were to be designed to sustain life for four days, providing the miners with adequate oxygen, carbon dioxide scrubbing, food, water, and reasonable temperature control. A parametric study has been performed to provide further definition of the requirements in order to design an optimal portable refuge chamber with little or no electricity to enhance the …
Pressure Deflection Behavior Of Candidate Materials For A Morphing Wing, Christopher Griffin
Pressure Deflection Behavior Of Candidate Materials For A Morphing Wing, Christopher Griffin
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
The research presented in this thesis evaluates different materials that are candidates to be used as a flexible skin on a morphing wing. A morphing wing has come to be known as any wing that changes shape. Although there has been a great amount of research involved in designing morphing mechanisms, the information for applicable wing skin material has been limited. A morphing wing skin needs to be flexible enough to deflect and morph to a new shape given a suitable amount of force, yet strong enough to resist the aerodynamic forces encountered during flight. It also must remain elastic …
Segmentation Of Images With Low-Contrast Edges, Matthew J. Madden
Segmentation Of Images With Low-Contrast Edges, Matthew J. Madden
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
A vast amount of the current research in medical image analysis has aimed to develop improved techniques of image segmentation. Of the existing approaches, active contour methods have proven effective by incorporating edge or region information from the image into a level set formulation. However, complications arise in images containing regions of low-contrast due to noise, occlusions, or partial volume effects, which are often unavoidable in practical applications. Incorporating prior shape information into the segmentation framework provides a more accurate and robust solution by constraining the evolving contour to resemble a target shape. Two methods are presented to incorporate a …
Carbon Promoted Water Electrolysis To Produce Hydrogen At Room Temperature, Sukanya Ranganathan
Carbon Promoted Water Electrolysis To Produce Hydrogen At Room Temperature, Sukanya Ranganathan
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
The objective of the work was to conduct water electrolysis at room temperature with reduced energy costs for hydrogen production. The electrochemical gasification of carbons consumes only 9.6 kcal/mol H2O compared to 56.7 kcal/molH 2O for conventional water electrolysis. In this work, carbon-assisted hydrogen production and the reaction energetics/kinetics at applied potentials |E0| between 0.1 and 1.8 V are studied. The carbon promoted water electrolysis could be performed at applied potentials as low as |E0|=0.21 V as opposed to conventional water electrolysis which requires |E0|>1.25 V. The study reveals that the H2 produced per W h is higher at …
Performance Of Compact Mobile Emissions Monitoring System For Real-Time On-Board Emissions Measurement, Chandima S. Jayasinghe
Performance Of Compact Mobile Emissions Monitoring System For Real-Time On-Board Emissions Measurement, Chandima S. Jayasinghe
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
The objective of this study was to evaluate the performance of the Compact Mobile Emissions Monitoring System (CMEMS) in an engine dynamometer test cell equipped with laboratory grade analyzers, and under real-world testing conditions. The CMEMS was evaluated in the test cell with the engine operating under transient (FTP) and steady state conditions and results were compared with laboratory data.;In response to the Consent Decrees, which were entered into by some of the heavy duty engine manufactures and the United States, several in-use portable emissions measurement systems (PEMS) have been developed, and some of them are commercially available. However, most …
Study Of An Error In Engine Ecu Data Collected For In-Use Emissions Testing And Development And Evaluation Of A Corrective Procedure, Petr Sindler
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
A study was conducted to evaluate and correct possible inaccuracies in in-use emissions measurements, which were made with Portable Emissions Measurement Systems (PEMS). West Virginia University developed a PEMS termed the Mobile Emissions Measurement System (MEMS) for measurement of heavy duty on road diesel emissions and reporting them in brake specific units (g/bhp-hr). In particular, the study focused on inaccuracies in the engine Electronic Control Unit (ECU) broadcast data logged by the Dearborn Protocol Adapter (DPA) and the Data Link Monitor (DLM) software. Data for this study were collected both in the West Virginia University's Engine Emission Research Laboratory with …
Investigation Of The Stress Induced Properties Of Coke During Carbonization, James Joshua Maybury
Investigation Of The Stress Induced Properties Of Coke During Carbonization, James Joshua Maybury
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
The large polycyclic aromatic plates within coal tar pitches do not flow freely enough to organize into large anisotropic domains during pyrolytic carbonization. It was hypothesized that mechanical shear stress might accomplish that orientation. To test the hypothesis a reactor and stirring mechanism were designed and constructed to test crystalline formation behavior during carbonization. The work shows a unique method for manipulating the crystalline structure of coke. The coke was derived from a coal tar pitch with an initial softening point of 147°C. During the pyrolytic devolatilization of the pitch, a shearing stress was applied mechanically. The stress promoted oriented …
Control Of A Swept Wing Tailless Aircraft Through Wing Morphing, Richard W. Guiler
Control Of A Swept Wing Tailless Aircraft Through Wing Morphing, Richard W. Guiler
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Inspired by flight in nature, work done by Lippisch, the Hortens, and Northrop offered insight to achieving the efficiency of bird flight with swept-wing tailless aircraft. Tailless designs must incorporate aerodynamic compromises for control, which have inhibited potential advantages. A morphing mechanism, capable of changing the twist of wing and that can also provide pitch, roll and yaw control for a tailless swept wing aircraft is the first step to a series of morphing techniques, which will lead to more fluid, bird-like flight. This research focuses on investigating the design of a morphing wing to improve the flight characteristics of …
Evaluating The Effective Peak Capacity Of A Saw-Tooth Gradient For Reverse-Phase High Performance Liquid Chromatography Separation Of Proteins And Peptides, Guimei Cai
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
The performance of saw-tooth gradient for comprehensive proteome analysis is evaluated using model proteins and a low molecular weight human serum by reverse-phase high performance liquid chromatography. The peak splitting and number of peptides detected is used to characterize the effective peak capacity of the saw-tooth gradient as a function of solvent strength change (Delta&phis;). Peak splitting demonstrated in experimental result as one single peptide or protein detected in more than one saw-tooth step. No peak splitting is observed directly from chromatograms for two model proteins by decreasing the solvent strength change (Delta&phis;) from 5.0%, 1.0%, to 0.1%. The numerical …
Validation Of A New Technique Of Production Data Analysis For Single And Multi-Layer Formations Under Controlled Environment, Domingo A. Mata
Validation Of A New Technique Of Production Data Analysis For Single And Multi-Layer Formations Under Controlled Environment, Domingo A. Mata
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Intelligent Production Data Analysis - IPDA, is a new methodology for Reservoir Characterization based only on monthly production rate data. This technique combines conventional methods of production data analysis (decline curve analysis, type curve matching and history matching) with intelligent systems. The study targets the validation of this methodology under a controlled environment, attempting three main objectives: Identifying Sweet Spots, Forecasting Reserves and recognizing under-performer wells.;The study investigates the behavior of five different reservoirs, modeled using a commercial simulator. The structure, parameters and heterogeneity of each configuration was inspired by existing formations. Records of production rate data were generated from …
Frequency Of Aeromonas Spp. Detection In Rainbow Trout And Recirculation Aquaculture Systems And The Storage Stability Of Fillets, Tabetha Marie Littler
Frequency Of Aeromonas Spp. Detection In Rainbow Trout And Recirculation Aquaculture Systems And The Storage Stability Of Fillets, Tabetha Marie Littler
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Recirculating aquaculture systems enable increased fish production per volume of water. Unfortunately, recirculation systems also provide conditions for bacterial growth. Aeromonas, a genus of bacteria ubiquitous in the environment, contains fish pathogens, human pathogens, and/or spoilage organisms. Of the salmonid species, rainbow trout are the most susceptible to Motile Aeromonad Septicemia (MAS), the fish disease caused by Aeromonas spp. In humans, illnesses such as gastroenteritis, septicemia, and wound infections are caused by ingestion or exposure to Aeromonas spp. The objective of this study was to survey Aeromonas spp. present in the production system, on the fish, and on the butterfly …
Durability Of Glass-Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Composites In An Alkaline Environment, Joshua L. Mounts
Durability Of Glass-Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Composites In An Alkaline Environment, Joshua L. Mounts
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
This study investigated the aging of urethane modified vinyl ester (UMVE) and urethane GFRP (glass fiber reinforced polymer) when exposed to alkaline solution. Samples from both composites were exposed to alkaline solution with sustained load for six months. The sustained load on each sample was approximately 34.5 MPa or 16--20 percent of their tensile strength. The second experiment exposed both types of GFRP to alkaline solution without load for six months. The final experiment determined the alkaline solution diffusion coefficients through each GFRP polymer by measuring the change in mass of each sample as a function of time.;After the GFRP …
Architecture For An Automated Irc Investigation Tool, Dugald A. Brown
Architecture For An Automated Irc Investigation Tool, Dugald A. Brown
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Chat rooms provide a safe haven to discuss and at some times perform some types of crimes involving the internet. The anonymity provided by chat rooms combined with a general lack of records for most chat servers creates an environment where those who would perpetrate a crime may flourish. Current forms of investigation such as manually monitoring rooms or analyzing logs post-mortem require many man-hours with little to show or provide results too late to gather additional information.;In this thesis some methodologies are discussed in the design of a tool to automate the task of monitoring, logging, analyzing, locating users …
Solidification Modeling Of Iron Castings Using Solidcast, Piyapong Muenprasertdee
Solidification Modeling Of Iron Castings Using Solidcast, Piyapong Muenprasertdee
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
SOLIDCast is a casting simulation software program which can simulate thermal changes and heat transfer in the solidification process of a casting. It assists the user to visualize the solidification process of a particular casting. The program offers functions to help guide a user in producing gating and riser designs and also have functions which produce visual outputs showing possible problem areas and defects which may occur in a casting. It can help shorten the lead time and reduce the loss in the trial casting stage.;This thesis consists of studies to determine the important capabilities and limitations of the software, …
Effect Of Fiber Architecture On Properties Of Pultruded Composites, Vimala Shekar
Effect Of Fiber Architecture On Properties Of Pultruded Composites, Vimala Shekar
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
The orientation of reinforcements in a composite system has major influence on both the elastic and inelastic properties, including failure modes. Manufacturing a polymer composite structural member can be simplified by using certain types of fiber/fabric architecture. The structural performance of a finished composite part does vary with the manufacturing process and constituent materials including fiber and resin type, fiber architecture and Fiber Volume Fraction (FVF).;In this research, the structural behavior of pultruded composite plates having different fiber architecture (uni-, bi-, tri and quadri-) manufactured by the pultrusion process is investigated. Further the mechanical properties of pultruded composites are compared …
Surface And Subsurface Fault And Fracture Systems With Associated Natural Gas Production In The Lower Mississippian And Upper Devonian, Price Formation, Southern West Virginia, S. Reed Johnson
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Production from natural gas deposits is often enhanced by fault and fracture systems associated with reservoirs. This study presents analyses of fault and fracture systems within the Mississippian Price Formation in Southern West Virginia using subsurface well data and fracture data from surface analogs. The Price was analyzed at outcrops near the Allegheny Structural Front and in the Allegheny Plateau. Subsurface data analyses included mapping and modeling of the Price, fault delineation, cross section construction, and fractured zone identification. Production data was used to assess the potential for fractures and faults to enhance gas production. Fracture densities from outcrop were …
Effects Of Varying Body Forces On Isothermal And Non Isothermal Liquid Jet Impingement, Deepak Mehra
Effects Of Varying Body Forces On Isothermal And Non Isothermal Liquid Jet Impingement, Deepak Mehra
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Liquid jet impingement is often used to cool heated surfaces encountered in various industrial applications. Such applications include cooling of electronic components and annealing of metals. Liquid jet impingement investigations primarily involve submerged jets and less commonly free liquid jets. Most of the studies done on both submerged jet impingement and free liquid jet impingement are done under terrestrial gravity conditions. There have been few studies on liquid jet impingement under non terrestrial conditions in zero or non zero gravitational force or of electrical body forces. These conditions are expected to result in significantly different flow patterns and heat transfer …
Hexaaluminate Catalysts For The Partial Oxidation Of Middle Distillate Fuels, Todd H. Gardner
Hexaaluminate Catalysts For The Partial Oxidation Of Middle Distillate Fuels, Todd H. Gardner
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Studies were conducted on active metals (i.e., Co, Fe and Ni) substituted into the lattice of hexaaluminate compounds to reform liquid hydrocarbon fuels into H2-rich synthesis gas for fuel cell applications. Both the concentration of active metals substituted into the lattice and the different mirror cations, (i.e., Ba, La and Sr) were investigated for their effect on the catalytic properties of the hexaaluminate compound. In these studies, n-tetradecane was used as a model middle distillate fuel. The synthesized catalysts were characterized by a series of techniques including: N2 BET surface area, powder XRD, TPR, H2 pulse chemisorption, bulk elemental analysis …
Do On-Line Courses Support Certification Needs For West Virginia K--12 Teachers Of Spanish?, Kathleen Gallivan
Do On-Line Courses Support Certification Needs For West Virginia K--12 Teachers Of Spanish?, Kathleen Gallivan
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Recent reports show a projected teacher shortage of certified foreign language teachers in West Virginia over the next five to ten years. To facilitate initial certification and re-certification, alternative means of earning and maintaining certification could be needed. The study investigated if, in a rural state like West Virginia, teachers perceive on-line courses to be a viable resource for professional development such as earning certification. The study found that teachers do not view on-line courses as a resource for professional development. This was because teachers perceive their professional development needs as language proficiency development and language teaching methodology. These were …