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Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

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Evaluation Of Asphalt Pavements Construction Practice In West Virginia, Masoud Seyed Mohammad Ghavami May 2014

Evaluation Of Asphalt Pavements Construction Practice In West Virginia, Masoud Seyed Mohammad Ghavami

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Construction practice is a key factor in building high quality pavement. Unfortunately failure and distresses frequently develop shortly after construction. These distresses may be due to the contractors failing to follow the guidelines and specifications. Monitoring pavement construction provides information for evaluating contractors' practices relative to the best practices as documented in various training courses. Accordingly, the West Virginia Department of Highways (WVDOH) decided to review construction practices. The WVDOH hired 4 co-ops during summer 2012 and 2 co-ops during summer 2013 to document asphalt pavement construction projects. The co-ops were assigned to observe and record pavement construction practices. Observations …


From Curve To Edge, Sarah Jewell Olsen May 2014

From Curve To Edge, Sarah Jewell Olsen

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This thesis is a description and analysis of the ceramic work of Sarah Jewell Olsen. This thesis includes a description and images of the work for the thesis exhibition From Curve To Edge as well as a discussion pertaining to the conceptual, technical and formal content of the work.


Time-Varying Phase Relationship Between Spiking Neuronal Responses And Local Field Potentials In Olfactory Processing In Manduca Sexta, Oakland J. Peters May 2014

Time-Varying Phase Relationship Between Spiking Neuronal Responses And Local Field Potentials In Olfactory Processing In Manduca Sexta, Oakland J. Peters

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The Transient Oscillatory Model (TOM) seeks to explain neural coding in the first processing center of the invertebrate olfactory system - the antennal lobe - by proposing that activated primary output neurons participate in the encoding ensemble only transiently, based on the coincidence of their spiking relative to local field potential (LFP) oscillation phase. Using the sphinx moth, Manduca sexta, as a model system, we tested the predictions of the TOM with regard to the trial-to-trial consistency of odor driven oscillations, the phase-locking of action potentials to LFP oscillations, and the role of GABAA receptors in the generation of these …


Three Essays On Trading By Members Of Congress, Serkan Karadas May 2014

Three Essays On Trading By Members Of Congress, Serkan Karadas

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

My dissertation examines the information content of stock trades by members of Congress (politicians) in three separate essays. In my first essay, based on approximately 62,000 common stock transactions over the 2004--2010 period, I present evidence that past firm-level trading activity by politicians predicts future firm-level stock returns, and this prediction is stronger for the pre-recession period and for small firms. By constructing buy-minus-sell transactions-based portfolios, I document that the portfolios of Republicans outperform those of Democrats. Also, being a powerful member of Congress is associated with substantially higher abnormal returns for Republicans, but not for Democrats. Among powerful Republicans, …


Three Essays On Institutional Change, Kathleen M. Sheehan May 2014

Three Essays On Institutional Change, Kathleen M. Sheehan

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This dissertation consists of three essays which empirically investigate different avenues of institutional change. The introduction opens with a discussion of the topics explored in the three essays and provides an overview of important results from each essay. Essay one is a joint effort with Dr. Andrew Young. In this essay, we examine how foreign aid affects institutional change using a panel of aid recipient countries and multiple measures of institutions. In essay two, I examine how globalization affects informal institutions, measured by the level of culture in a country. The final essay explores if there are spatial spillovers from …


Flipping The Classroom In College Algebra: A Design And Development Study, Lori Ogden May 2014

Flipping The Classroom In College Algebra: A Design And Development Study, Lori Ogden

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This dissertation documents the development of a flipped classroom teaching model for teaching college algebra. The model supports the use of multiple teaching strategies including video lectures for students to view as homework, outside of class. A design and development framework is used to describe the design decisions, model implementation, and evaluation of the model across three deliveries, or case studies, of a college algebra course from fall of 2012 through fall of 2013. Design decisions included course sequence and instructional materials. Model implementation described the teaching and assessment strategies throughout each unit of material taught in the course and …


Redesigning Choice Architecture For The College Selection And Application Process For High School Juniors, Lindsey Estep May 2014

Redesigning Choice Architecture For The College Selection And Application Process For High School Juniors, Lindsey Estep

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Choice architecture, a term coined in the 2008 book Nudge: Improving Decisions About Health, Wealth, and Happiness by behavioral scientist Richard H. Thaler and professor of law Cass R. Sunstein, is the belief that no choice can be neutral because the way in which a choice is presented influences the decision-maker. Designers, perfectly positioned to structure choices in both print and digital format, should equally embrace this role and handle it with great responsibility. Rather than use the power to structure choice architecture to bolster consumerism, we should instead harness the opportunity to help individuals make choices that improve their …


Conditional Clauses, Meghan Olson May 2014

Conditional Clauses, Meghan Olson

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

My MFA written thesis addresses work completed and shown in a thesis exhibition at West Virginia University as well as significant influences to my studio process. While my stated focus is printmaking, the work presented in the exhibition consisted of six sculptural and installation pieces. This thesis, along with the supporting exhibition, will address my investigations into probing ordinary materials for juxtapositions and arrangements that lend themselves towards a conditional, not absolute, meaning. The work is created from an impulse to put everyday materials together in order to observe subtle relationships that ultimately transcend the ordinary and question what is …


Country Schoolgirls: A Study Of Rural Women And The Rise Of Public Education, 1820-1914, Allyson Perry May 2014

Country Schoolgirls: A Study Of Rural Women And The Rise Of Public Education, 1820-1914, Allyson Perry

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This thesis explores the rise of public education, its influence on rural society, and the ways that farmwomen used schooling for a variety of purposes. Throughout the nineteenth century, more opportunities for women appeared as communities in the mountainous areas of West Virginia and Pennsylvania established free, public schools. With these social developments came an attempt to balance the public's perception of women's role in rural society. Administrators charged with implementing state-wide, public education had to set boundaries on women's advancement as they reacted to the public's changing ideas of women's proper role. Confronting these ideas set forth by administrators, …


Supports Of And Barriers To Pursuing A Natural Resource Degree And Career: Perspectives Of Culturally Diverse Young Adults, Kelly Balcarczyk May 2014

Supports Of And Barriers To Pursuing A Natural Resource Degree And Career: Perspectives Of Culturally Diverse Young Adults, Kelly Balcarczyk

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Federal natural resource agencies are facing a human resource crisis. Many natural resource professionals are reaching retirement and attracting young adults to fill vacancies may prove difficult. Although currently on the rise from a recent fall, enrollment in natural resource degree programs has not increased overall in the past three decades, which has resulted in a small and possibly shrinking pool of applicants for natural resource positions. In addition, increasingly young adults in the recruitment pool depart from the traditional background of current natural resource professionals (rural-raised, fisheries/wildlife/biology-educated, angler/hunter, white male) and agency workplace culture has not changed to match …


America's Lollipop Licking Tease: The Eroticization Of The Female Child In 1930s Film, Susan Jennings Lantz May 2014

America's Lollipop Licking Tease: The Eroticization Of The Female Child In 1930s Film, Susan Jennings Lantz

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This dissertation examines the eroticization of female children in film during the 1930s as a mechanism for concealing troubling realities of the Great Depression in the United States. The repressed sexuality embedded in the plots of Post Hays Code movies featuring Shirley Temple and characters such as Stella Dallas, Dorothy Gale, and Scarlett O'Hara serve to suture over a crisis of masculinity triggered by changing roles in gender, race, and class. By attempting to invoke the image of a "little girl" in place of that of a grown woman, some films (such as Gone With the Wind, and Bright Eyes) …


Crowdsourcing Traffic Data For Travel Time Estimation, Chanukya Chowdary Gadde May 2014

Crowdsourcing Traffic Data For Travel Time Estimation, Chanukya Chowdary Gadde

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Travel time estimation is a fundamental measure used in routing and navigation applications, in particular in emerging intelligent transportation systems (ITS). For example, many users may prefer the fastest route to their destination and would rely on real-time predicted travel times. It also helps real-time traffic management and traffic light control. Accurate estimation of travel time requires collecting a lot of real-time data from road networks. This data can be collected using a wide variety of sources like inductive loop detectors, video cameras, radio frequency identification (RFID) transponders etc. But these systems include deployment of infrastructure which has some limitations …


Investigating Use Of Aggregate Density To Develop Design Aggregate Structure For Asphalt Concrete Mixtures, Brian Norrod May 2014

Investigating Use Of Aggregate Density To Develop Design Aggregate Structure For Asphalt Concrete Mixtures, Brian Norrod

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

In recent years there have been several instances of premature failures of pavements in West Virginia due to rutting. While there are various potential causes for the failures, aggregate density within the mix when designed at 80 gyrations was of specific concern to this thesis and was compared to the maximum dry density of the aggregate as measured using ASTM D4253-00. The objective of this research was to determine if the aggregate in the asphalt concrete mixture was reaching a dense configuration.;The Bailey Method was used to choose gradations and the selected research methodology supported the evaluation of the Bailey …


Investigating Feeding Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids And/Or Soy Protein Isolate To Female Pck Rats On Polycystic Kidney Disease And Related Complications, Kaitlin Hope Maditz May 2014

Investigating Feeding Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids And/Or Soy Protein Isolate To Female Pck Rats On Polycystic Kidney Disease And Related Complications, Kaitlin Hope Maditz

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Polycystic kidney disease (PKD) is a genetic disorder characterized by multiple benign cysts along the epithelial lining of the kidneys. As PKD progresses, cyst growth increases kidney volume, decreases renal function, and may eventually lead to end stage renal disease. In addition to renal manifestations, PKD patients are at risk of complications that include bone loss and polycystic liver disease (PLD). Currently, no genetic therapy or effective pharmacological treatments exist. Therefore, dietary intervention offers a potentially efficacious, cost-effective, and safe therapeutic option for PKD and PKD-related complications. Offering dietary treatment to attenuate PKD disease progression has the potential to improve …


Usage Of Evidence Based Medicine Resources In Clinically Practicing Athletic Trainers, Kenneth G. Faldetta May 2014

Usage Of Evidence Based Medicine Resources In Clinically Practicing Athletic Trainers, Kenneth G. Faldetta

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Context: Evidence based medicine (EBM) is a commitment to utilizing a combination of the best available evidence, clinical expertise, and patient preferences to inform clinical decisions. The primary goal of EBM is to provide the highest quality care to patients. Clinicians who do not utilize an evidence-based approach to clinical practice run the risk of denying patients potentially beneficial treatment options. Efficient access to evidence based resources is a crucial part of appropriately implementing EBM in athletic training practice. Therefore, poor accessibility could be a major barrier to implementing an evidence-bases approach to clinical practice in athletic training. Objective: The …


Cafe Nudge Project: Choice Architecture For Eating And Nudging Healthy Behaviors, Shannon N. Ackerman May 2014

Cafe Nudge Project: Choice Architecture For Eating And Nudging Healthy Behaviors, Shannon N. Ackerman

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The objective of the Cafe Nudge Project was to assess the cafeteria environment and the flow of students through the lunch-line to determine characteristics that could be enhanced to encourage healthy food choices in three Appalachian high schools. The Center for Behavioral Economics and Child Nutrition Program (BEN Center) has collectively conducted prior research on this topic and has coined the term "Smarter Lunchrooms Movement" for improving cafeteria environments. These improvements included increased fresh fruit and vegetable consumption, increased consumption of low-fat white milk, and decreased consumption of high-fat and high-calorie foods. This study was a two-part observation. In the …


An Evaluation Of State Employees' Preferences For Worksite-Based Physical Activity, Nutrition, And Stress Management Programs, Peter Kadushin May 2014

An Evaluation Of State Employees' Preferences For Worksite-Based Physical Activity, Nutrition, And Stress Management Programs, Peter Kadushin

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Worksite wellness programs (WWPs) have evolved over the last several decades as a way to positively impact employees' health, and to manage rising healthcare costs. Despite the impact that WWPs can have both clinically and financially, participation rates in many programs remain low. Some research has reported success in increasing participation and engagement through tailoring programs to fit employee preferences. The purpose of this study was to investigate the wellness programming preferences of state employees in West Virginia. A secondary purpose was to identify how these preferences differ by health risk, worksite wellness participation, age, and gender. Respondents (N = …


The Impact Of Co-Presence And Visual Elements In 3d Vles On Interpersonal Emotional Connection In Telecollaboration, Hisae Matsui May 2014

The Impact Of Co-Presence And Visual Elements In 3d Vles On Interpersonal Emotional Connection In Telecollaboration, Hisae Matsui

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The purpose of this study is to examine participant's perception of the usefulness of the visual elements in 3D Virtual Learning Environments, which represent co-presence, in developing interpersonal emotional connections with their partners in the initial stage of telecollaboration. To fulfill the purpose, two Japanese students and two American students were paired and participated in conversational sessions in two different virtual environments: one where they shared the environments with their partners and the other where they did not.;The participants had five twenty-minute conversational sessions in Japanese in Second Life. By following single subject research designs, the quantitative data were obtained …


Sampling The Radio Transient Universe: Studies Of Pulsars And The Search For Extraterrestrial Intelligence, Jayanth Chennamangalam May 2014

Sampling The Radio Transient Universe: Studies Of Pulsars And The Search For Extraterrestrial Intelligence, Jayanth Chennamangalam

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The transient radio universe is a relatively unexplored area of astronomy, offering a variety of phenomena, from solar and Jovian bursts, to flare stars, pulsars, and bursts of Galactic and potentially even cosmological origin. Among these, perhaps the most widely studied radio transients, pulsars are fast-spinning neutron stars that emit radio beams from their magnetic poles. In spite of over 40 years of research on pulsars, we have more questions than answers on these exotic compact objects, chief among them the nature of their emission mechanism. Nevertheless, the wealth of phenomena exhibited by pulsars make them one of the most …


A Study Of Faculty, Administrative, And Staff Perceptions Of The Climate For Shared Governance At Appalachian College Association Member Institutions, Tanya L. Easton May 2014

A Study Of Faculty, Administrative, And Staff Perceptions Of The Climate For Shared Governance At Appalachian College Association Member Institutions, Tanya L. Easton

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The purpose of this study was to investigate how faculty, administrators, and staff perceived the climate for shared governance at 36 member institutions of the Appalachian College Association (ACA), based on standards for sound shared governance in higher education as outlined by the American Association of University Professors (AAUP). Numerous reports and studies have focused on shared governance practices, but no research exists on perceptions of climate based on standards outlined by the American Association of University Professors (AAUP), which published the seminal Statement on Government of Colleges and Universities in 1966. This study was conducted through the Appalachian College …


Untangling Compact And Diffuse Ionized Emission Toward Galactic Hii Regions, Logan A. Hough May 2014

Untangling Compact And Diffuse Ionized Emission Toward Galactic Hii Regions, Logan A. Hough

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

HII regions are clouds of ionized hydrogen gas surrounding B0- and O-type stars. The ionized hydrogen in these regions emits both radio recombination line (RRL) and also thermal radio continuum. Diffuse ionized hydrogen, known as the 'Warm Ionized Medium' (WIM) also exists in the Galaxy. The WIM also emits RRLs and thermal radio continuum. Previous observation of compact \hii regions found two RRL components for many sources, one from the \hii region and the others from the WIM. By observing off-target positions sampling only the diffuse emission, we discerned the correct source velocities for 93 out of 116 HII regions …


Isotopic Composition Of Dissolved Inorganic Carbon In Underground Mine Discharges Of The Northern Appalachian Basin, Rachelle Thorne May 2014

Isotopic Composition Of Dissolved Inorganic Carbon In Underground Mine Discharges Of The Northern Appalachian Basin, Rachelle Thorne

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This research examined the efficacy of using 13C of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) to infer geochemical and microbiological processes in underground coal mine discharges. Groundwater samples from mines in two different coal seams (the Pittsburgh and Upper Freeport) and three different hydrogeologic settings (fully flooded, partially flooded, and free draining) were compared. Twenty mine discharges were sampled, fifteen from the Pittsburgh coal seam and five from the Upper Freeport. Sampling sites included mine portals and seeps. All sampling followed standard field protocols. Results were evaluated for possible relationships between 13CDIC signatures and 1) mine hydrogeologic setting and 2) geochemical properties …


Coupled 3-D Numerical Simulation Of Proppant Transport And Fluid Flow In Hydraulic Fracturing, Bing Kong May 2014

Coupled 3-D Numerical Simulation Of Proppant Transport And Fluid Flow In Hydraulic Fracturing, Bing Kong

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Hydraulic fracturing is one of the most common and important stimulation techniques used in oil and gas industry to create high conductivity flow paths for hydrocarbons to flow from the reservoir matrix to the wellbore. Hydraulic fracturing is a complex process including different physical and chemical phenomena. It involves rock mechanics for the part of fracture propagation and involves fluid mechanics for the part of slurry injection, fluid flow, fluid leak-off, proppant transport, proppant settling and interaction between fluid and proppant particles. In this study, the focus is on fluid and proppant motion within hydraulic fractures. The effectiveness of hydraulic …


Identification And Genetic Diversity Of Lake Sturgeon Larvae On Artificial Reefs In The Huron-Erie Corridor, Jamie Marie Marranca May 2014

Identification And Genetic Diversity Of Lake Sturgeon Larvae On Artificial Reefs In The Huron-Erie Corridor, Jamie Marie Marranca

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

There are 27 species of sturgeon worldwide and most are currently extinct, endangered or threatened. Lake sturgeon, Acipenser fulvescens, one of the oldest species on the planet, evolved about 136 million years ago, and have had little morphological change, and are endemic to the freshwater lakes and rivers created by receding glaciers of the Laurentian ice sheet. Lake sturgeon have seen immense habitat loss due to human development and industrialization has nearly decimated populations. Changes to water and habitat quality, along with overharvesting, have caused declines to nearly 1% of their original population size. The Huron-Erie Corridor (HEC), includes the …


Exploring The Components Of Prenatal Anxiety, Suzan Walsh Clemens May 2014

Exploring The Components Of Prenatal Anxiety, Suzan Walsh Clemens

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Anxiety and fear often are associated with pregnancy, and its short- and long-term biological, psychological, and social lifestyle changes that affect both the mother and the child. The primary aim of this study was to differentiate components of prenatal anxiety and fear, to facilitate operational classifications of those components. A better understanding of prenatal anxiety and fear can inform the creation of future measures and facilitate referrals for high levels of such distress. An exploratory descriptive research design was used to examine potential components of prenatal anxiety and fear (i.e., anxiety sensitivity, fear of pain, depression, and childbirth-related self-efficacy). The …


Evaluation Of Emotion Regulation And Associated Characteristics In Foster Children Using The Dyadic Parent-Child Coding System And Caregiver-Report Measures, Meredith A. Norman May 2014

Evaluation Of Emotion Regulation And Associated Characteristics In Foster Children Using The Dyadic Parent-Child Coding System And Caregiver-Report Measures, Meredith A. Norman

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The main purposes of this study were to: (a) explore the validity of a relatively new behavioral observation coding system in young children referred for treatment of disruptive behavior, (b) explore which specific foster parent behaviors are most associated with child emotion regulation, and (c) explore whether internalizing or externalizing foster child behavior problems are most associated with child emotion regulation. The sample consisted of 40 foster parent-child dyads who participated in a larger study funded by the National Institutes of Health. Assessments included behavioral observation of child emotion regulation using the Global Dysregulation Scale and a calculation of the …


Middle School Students' Perceptions Of And Responses To The Inclusion Of Culturally Relevant Units In The Physical Education Curriculum, Luciana Carvalhal Braga May 2014

Middle School Students' Perceptions Of And Responses To The Inclusion Of Culturally Relevant Units In The Physical Education Curriculum, Luciana Carvalhal Braga

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Background/Purpose: This study was part of a three-year, multicomponent school-based health intervention implemented in two middle schools in an Appalachian county. The purpose of this study was to examine school students' perceptions of and responses to the inclusion of culturally relevant units in the physical education (PE) curriculum. Specifically, the study examined how less predisposed to be active (LPA) and more predisposed to be active (MPA) students perceived and responded to the inclusion of archery, mountain biking, and slacklining in PE. Methods: A mixed methods design was employed, in which the results of an initial quantitative phase served to identify …


Political Sophistication: How Values And Social Capital Contribute To Political Knowledge And Cognition, Jonathan C. Young May 2014

Political Sophistication: How Values And Social Capital Contribute To Political Knowledge And Cognition, Jonathan C. Young

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This study argues that value types defined by Shalom Schwartz should relate to social capital and political sophistication in particular ways. Individual value types that emphasize "other-orientation" should positively relate to social capital characteristics that increase information flows which in turn will relate to increased political sophistication. On the other hand, it is expected that individual value types that emphasize "self-orientation" will positively relate to social capital characteristics that decrease information flows which in turn would correlate to decreased political sophistication. Using post-materialism as a theoretical basis and a survey that measures political knowledge and ideology, value orientation, social network …


Early School Leaving: A Narrative Inquiry Of The School Dropout, John E. Stallings Jr. May 2014

Early School Leaving: A Narrative Inquiry Of The School Dropout, John E. Stallings Jr.

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

In the field of education, student performance has become an integral component when determining the effectiveness of schools, levels of student engagement, and a measure of the learning that is occurring in schools. In particular, certain criteria have been identified as appropriate measures for monitoring the effectiveness of school systems, individual school programs, and teacher merit. Included in these specific areas to be monitored are graduation and or dropout rates. While these have become a part of the major focus of those monitoring the effectiveness of schools across the country, it seems that little has been done to investigate what …


Co2 Dissociation Using The Versatile Atmospheric Dielectric Barrier Discharge Experiment (Vader), Michael Allen Lindon May 2014

Co2 Dissociation Using The Versatile Atmospheric Dielectric Barrier Discharge Experiment (Vader), Michael Allen Lindon

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

As of 2013, the Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center (CDIAC) estimates that the world emits approximately 36 trillion metric tons of Carbon Dioxide (CO2) into the atmosphere every year. These large emissions have been correlated to global warming trends that have many consequences across the globe, including glacial retraction, ocean acidification and increased severity of weather events. With green technologies still in the infancy stage, it can be expected that CO2 emissions will stay this way for along time to come. Approximately 41% of the emissions are due to electricity production, which pump out condensed forms of CO2. This danger …