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The Modeling And Stability Analysis Of Humans Balancing An Inverted Pendulum, Yaohui Ding
The Modeling And Stability Analysis Of Humans Balancing An Inverted Pendulum, Yaohui Ding
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
The control of an inverted pendulum is a classical problem in dynamics and control theory. Without active control, the inverted pendulum by itself is inherently unstable, thus serving as an ideal platform for control algorithms design and testing. This study utilizes an inverted pendulum setup to investigate the characteristics of manual control in executing a single-axial compensatory task. An inverted pendulum with sliding base on a single-axial rail was built for this purpose. Human subjects were asked to stabilize the pendulum by sliding the base on the rail. To mathematically quantify the characteristics of human manual control, a quasi-linear lead-lag …
Mission Design, Guidance, And Navigation Of A Callisto-Io-Ganymede Triple Flyby Jovian Capture, Alan M. Didion
Mission Design, Guidance, And Navigation Of A Callisto-Io-Ganymede Triple Flyby Jovian Capture, Alan M. Didion
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Use of a triple-satellite-aided capture maneuver to enter Jovian orbit reduces insertion DeltaV and provides close flyby science opportunities at three of Jupiter's four large Galilean moons. This capture can be performed while maintaining appropriate Jupiter standoff distance and setting up a suitable apojove for plotting an extended tour.;This paper has three main chapters, the first of which discusses the design and optimization of a triple-flyby capture trajectory. A novel triple-satellite-aided capture uses sequential flybys of Callisto, Io, and Ganymede to reduce the DeltaV required to capture into orbit about Jupiter. An optimal broken-plane maneuver is added between Earth and …
Reversible Phospholipid Nanogels: An Alternative Matrix For Tunable High Resolution Dna Sieving With Enhanced Separation Efficiency And Accurate Extended Range Sizing By Capillary Gel Electrophoresis, Brandon C. Durney
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
In an aqueous solution the phospholipids dimyristoyl-sn-glycero-3- phosphocholine (DMPC) and 1,2-dihexanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DHPC) self-assemble to form thermo-responsive non-Newtonian fluids (i.e., pseudo-gels) in which small temperature changes of 5-6 °C decrease viscosity dramatically. This characteristic is useful for sieving-based electrophoretic separations (e.g., of DNA), as the high viscosity of linear sieving additives, such as linear polyacrylamide or polyethylene oxide, hinders the introduction and replacement of the sieving agent in microscale channels. While a practical advantage of utilizing phospholipid pseudo-gels for sieving is the ease with which they are introduced into the separation capillary, the separation performance of the material for DNA analyses …
Study Of Periodic Forcing With A Dielectric Barrier Discharge Device For The Control Of Flow Separation On A Naca 0012, Joseph P. Dygert
Study Of Periodic Forcing With A Dielectric Barrier Discharge Device For The Control Of Flow Separation On A Naca 0012, Joseph P. Dygert
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
The continued high global demand for passenger and freight air traffic as well as increased use of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), in spite of rising fuel costs and several tragic cases involving loss-of-control events, has resulted in researchers examining alternative technologies, which would result in safer, more reliable, and superior performing aircraft. Aerodynamic flow control may be the most promising approach to this problem having already proven its ability to enable higher flow efficiency while also simultaneously improving overall flow control. Recent research in the area of aerodynamic control is transitioning from traditional mechanical flow control devices such as slats …
A Novel Computational System For Identification Of Biological Processes From Multi-Dimensional High-Throughput Genomic Data, Julian Marshall Dymacek
A Novel Computational System For Identification Of Biological Processes From Multi-Dimensional High-Throughput Genomic Data, Julian Marshall Dymacek
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Identifying potential toxicity signaling pathways could guide future animal studies and support human risk assessment and intervention efforts. This thesis describes a novel computational approach for identifying biological processes and pathways that are significantly associated with a disease pathology from time series, dose response, gene expression data.;Our system employs a novel constrained non-negative matrix factorization algorithm and Monte Carlo Markov chain simulation to identify underlying patterns in mRNA gene expression data. Quantitative pathology can be used as a pattern constraint. The found patterns can be thought of as functions that influence a gene's expression. Using a database of curated gene …
The Keyboard Works Of Alex Shapiro, Elizabeth Mary Etnoyer
The Keyboard Works Of Alex Shapiro, Elizabeth Mary Etnoyer
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
This project serves as a broad introduction to the keyboard works of American composer Alex Shapiro (1962-present), with primary focus on her works for solo piano. Ms. Shapiro has developed a well-established reputation as a serious and innovative composer, writing both acoustic and electroacoustic music for a variety of musical genres including instrumental solo and chamber music, as well as music for large ensembles. Shapiro's writing is often influenced by extramusical ideas, such as her solo piano piece Luvina (2007), a work based on the short story with that name by Mexican author Juan Rulfo. With scores that often include …
Spirituality, Help-Seeking Attitude, And Black Women: A Qualitative Study, Pamela Lashe Jackson
Spirituality, Help-Seeking Attitude, And Black Women: A Qualitative Study, Pamela Lashe Jackson
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
A semi-structured interview was used to survey help-seeking attitude via questions about spirituality, therapy, and the connections between the two. Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) was used to provide a framework for understanding how these factors potentially effect professional help-seeking attitudes in Black women and the role spirituality plays in developing help-seeking attitudes and the potential effect on professional psychological help. Ten interviews were conducted with Black women who lived or went to church in Akron, Ohio. Data from nine study participants were used and seven super-ordinate themes were found. The themes identified were as follows: 1) awareness and access; 2) …
Parametric Flow Visualization Of Dynamic Roughness Effects, Vinay Jakkali
Parametric Flow Visualization Of Dynamic Roughness Effects, Vinay Jakkali
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
The ever growing need in the aircraft industry to enhance the performance of a flight vehicle has led to active areas of research which focus on the control of the local boundary layer by both passive and active methods. An effective flow control mechanism can improve the performance of a flight vehicle in various ways, one of which is eliminating boundary layer separation. To be effective the mechanism not only needs to control the boundary layer as desired, but also use less energy than the resulting energy savings. In this study, the effectiveness of an active flow control technique known …
Dynamic Response In Transient Stress-Field Behavior Induced By Hydraulic Fracturing, Andrew Jenkins
Dynamic Response In Transient Stress-Field Behavior Induced By Hydraulic Fracturing, Andrew Jenkins
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Hydraulic fracturing is a technique which is used to exploit geologic features and subsurface properties in an effort to increase production in low-permeability formations. The process of hydraulic fracturing provides a greater surface contact area between the producing formation and the wellbore and thus increases the amount of recoverable hydrocarbons from within the reservoir. The use of this stimulation technique has brought on massive applause from the industry due to its widespread success and effectiveness, however the dynamic processes that take part in the development of hydraulic fractures is a relatively new area of research with respect to the massive …
Fluoride Thin Films: From Exchange Bias To Multferroicity, Trent A. Johnson
Fluoride Thin Films: From Exchange Bias To Multferroicity, Trent A. Johnson
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
This dissertation concerns research into the growth and characterization fluoride thin films by molecular beam epitaxy. After a discussion of relevant background material and experimental procedures in the first two chapters, we study exchange bias in magnetic multilayers incorporating the uniaxial antiferromagnet FeF2, grown to varying thicknesses, sandwiched between ferromagnetic Co layers with fixed thicknesses of 5 and 20 nm. Several bilayers with only the 20 nm thick Co layer were grown for comparative study. The samples were grown on Al2O3 (112¯0) substrates at room temperature. In-situ RHEED and x-ray diffraction indicated the films were polycrystalline. The films were determined …
Constraints On The Pressure-Temperature Path For Belt-Purcell Supergroup Metapelites From Snow Peak, Northern Idaho, Sarah Elizabeth Johnson
Constraints On The Pressure-Temperature Path For Belt-Purcell Supergroup Metapelites From Snow Peak, Northern Idaho, Sarah Elizabeth Johnson
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
The Snow Peak area in northern Idaho experienced two distinct metamorphic episodes, M1 and M2. Garnets, especially those that experienced both episodes, are strongly zoned. The assemblages observed in metapelites from garnet to staurolite/kyanite zones were compared to computer generated assemblages calculated using Theriak-Domino (deCapitani and Petrakakis, 2010). The comparison and analysis of the assemblages, garnet zoning, and modal contours provides constraints on the path the rocks must have followed between metamorphic events called M1 and M2. The most useful constraints on the proposed P-T path are provided by comparing the content of Ca in garnet and the observed assemblage …
Copper-Mediated Oxidative Decarboxylative Coupling Reactions: Trifluoromethylation Of Heteroarene C-H Bonds With Trifluoroacetic Acid As The Cf3 Source And C-H Arylation Of Benzoxazoles With Benzoic Acids, Lin Ju
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Compared with the prefunctionalized substrates in traditional cross-coupling reactions, carboxylic acid derivatives are easier to handle and commercially available in a broad scope, making them ideal starting materials to build biaryl structures. Copper has been demonstrated to decarboxylate carboxylic acids. There are also several examples of copper-mediated oxidative coupling reactions with two nucleophilic components. However, the copper-mediated direct C-H trifluoromethylation and arylation of heteroarenes with trifluoroacetic acid and benzoic acids is still challenging.;This thesis is divided into three chapters. Chapter I and Chapter II will describe copper-mediated oxidative decarboxylative trifluoromethylation of C-H bonds, including heteroarenes and arenes bearing a directing …
A Content Analysis Of The Portrayals Of Female Journalists Before And After The Second-Wave Feminist Movement, Zachary King
A Content Analysis Of The Portrayals Of Female Journalists Before And After The Second-Wave Feminist Movement, Zachary King
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
The purpose of this master's thesis is to investigate the possibility of a correlation between the portrayals of female journalists portrayed in films before and after the second-wave feminist movement. The study uses real-world factors to compare the characteristics of the portrayals of the female journalists. Two coders viewed eight films to determine possible correlations in the following: relationships status, whether the characters had children, whether the "sob sister" persona was portrayed, and the characters' career advancement (if any).
Investigations Of Pasteuria And The Root-Lesion Nematode Pratylenchus Penetrans In Soils Collected From Certified Organic Farms In The Mid-Atlantic United States, Tiara Nicole King
Investigations Of Pasteuria And The Root-Lesion Nematode Pratylenchus Penetrans In Soils Collected From Certified Organic Farms In The Mid-Atlantic United States, Tiara Nicole King
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Occurrence of lesion nematodes and Pasteuria, an obligate bacterial parasite, was surveyed in 34 soils collected from certified organic farms in the Mid-Atlantic United States. Pasteuria endospores were observed on Pratylenchus crenatus in six of 22 soils. Population density of Pratylenchus in soils lacking signs of Pasteuria correlated positively with soil pH, cation exchange capacity, and concentration of phosphorus pentoxide and calcium. Pasteuria was detected on Pratylenchus in nematode suppressive soils at the West Virginia University Organic Research Farm. Interactions between Pasteuria and Pratylenchus penetrans were studied in two laboratory bench-top experiments. Soil treatment effects on reproduction of Pratylenchus penetrans …
Changing Displays Of Assyrian Art In Nineteenth Century England, Clayton W. Kindred
Changing Displays Of Assyrian Art In Nineteenth Century England, Clayton W. Kindred
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
In 1846, the British polymath Austen Henry Layard began archaeological excavations in the mounds of ancient Assyria, approximately twenty miles south of the modern day city of Mosul, Iraq. Uncovering artifacts almost immediately, Layard's discoveries were sent to the British Museum, where they were first displayed in 1847. Academic research on this scenario has recently experienced a great resurgence, with works such as Frederick Bohrer's seminal, Orientalism and Visual Culture, and Shawn Malley's thorough, From Archaeology to Spectacle in Victorian Britain, exploring the vast social and political connections that existed between Layard, the British Museum and the British State. But, …
Improving Wellbore Cement Performance Through The Application Of Nano-Materials For Oil And Gas Integrity, Benjamin J. Kleiner
Improving Wellbore Cement Performance Through The Application Of Nano-Materials For Oil And Gas Integrity, Benjamin J. Kleiner
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
It is the ultimate goal that the application of nano-materials in wellbore cement enhance not only the integrity of the cement, but also the public view of the petroleum industry. Wellbore integrity should be a paramount concern of all petroleum companies due to the potential severity of the consequences if integrity is not maintained. Ecosystems, animal and plant life, and even human life are at great risk if wellbore integrity fails. It is this fact that the motivation for this thesis is based upon. Nano silica is the nano-particle under investigation for this thesis. Furthermore, wellbore integrity will be improved …
The Persuasive Effects Of Entertainment-Education Programming In Nonfictional Television And Its Impact On The Efficacy Of Breast Cancer Screening Messages, Jennifer Maria Knight
The Persuasive Effects Of Entertainment-Education Programming In Nonfictional Television And Its Impact On The Efficacy Of Breast Cancer Screening Messages, Jennifer Maria Knight
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
This study has taken a preliminary step toward determining whether education-entertainment messages have the same persuasive effects in a nonfictional talk show format as they traditionally do in a fictional narrative format. To test the various hypotheses which propose that persuasive effects of entertainment-education can occur in a non-fictional format, data was collected from 82 female students across two large lecture classes. Results of two independent samples t-tests did not support hypothesis one and two, as participants' self-efficacy and attitudes toward breast cancer screening were not significantly different as a result of which media clip was viewed. Hypothesis three and …
Remains In Peace: American Military Remains And Memory Diplomacy In France, 1918-1972, Richard A. Hulver
Remains In Peace: American Military Remains And Memory Diplomacy In France, 1918-1972, Richard A. Hulver
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Although often not viewed as such, a nation's collective memory has use in international relations. The United States left some one-hundred thousand military remains interred in European soil following World War I and World War II, the majority of these in France. Instead of resting in a symbolic void, the memory of American military dead abroad became a means for the living to articulate contemporary foreign policy goals. Elements of the American war memory abroad remained consistent through the twentieth century: sacrifice for a free Europe, fear of radicalized revolutions, and Franco-American friendship. Yet, beneath the formulaic memory lingered evolving …
Psychologists Working In State Psychiatric Hospitals: An Exploration Of Factors Related To Work Engagement, Valerie Ignatenko
Psychologists Working In State Psychiatric Hospitals: An Exploration Of Factors Related To Work Engagement, Valerie Ignatenko
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
The role of psychologists working in state psychiatric hospitals has been ambiguous throughout most of the last century. State psychiatric hospitals continue to provide care to patients with severe mental illness, and psychologists remain employed in such settings. Eight factors related to work engagement for psychologists in state psychiatric hospitals were explored, including geographic region, length of time in the field, length of time at the hospital, number of clients seen per week, number of supervision hours per month, job ambiguity, autonomy, and perceived social support. Results found that psychologists are engaged in their work in state hospitals, and three …
How Well Are Your Police Doing?: The Relationship Between Fear Of Crime And Perceptions Of The Police, Erin Bixler
How Well Are Your Police Doing?: The Relationship Between Fear Of Crime And Perceptions Of The Police, Erin Bixler
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Research on the fear of crime, or the fear of victimization, started becoming a popular topic in the late 1960s and has stayed in the spotlight since then. However, there has been a very small amount of literature that has focused on how an individual's fear of crime impacts their perceptions of the police. There has also been cloudiness in previous literature about how to measure fear of crime. This study examines the relationship between an individual's fear of crime and their perceptions of the police using two different measures of police, perceptions of police effectiveness and perceptions of community …
Use Of Protein Immobilization To Measure Cytochrome P450 Conduction And Metabolism Kinetics, Christopher D. Bostick
Use Of Protein Immobilization To Measure Cytochrome P450 Conduction And Metabolism Kinetics, Christopher D. Bostick
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Cytochrome P450s (P450s) are a large family (>11,000) of heme thiolated proteins that are responsible for ~ 75% of the metabolism of pharmaceuticals on the market. Understanding P450 mediated metabolism is crucial for accurate in vitro predictions of drug metabolism. P450 protein-protein interactions have been shown to alter enzyme catalytic activity. Furthermore, these interactions are isoform specific, and can elicit activation, inhibition, or no effect on enzymatic activity. Studies show these effects are also dependent on the protein binding partner cytochrome P450 reductase (CPR), and the order of protein addition to purified reconstituted enzyme systems. In the current work, …
Parishioner Labor In The Late Medieval Parish Of Ashburton, Lacey Bonar
Parishioner Labor In The Late Medieval Parish Of Ashburton, Lacey Bonar
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Parishioners in the late medieval parish of Ashburton used physical labor to create, maintain, and repair their parish church itself and its contents. Of the fourteen men featured in this study some worked on the church's seating, book collection, and organs while others labored on two extensive projects concerning the repair of the church's spire and the construction of the roodloft. The parish's extensive set of churchwardens' accounts provides record of the labor that these men completed and their compensation, allowing for a detailed analysis of their contributions. With most parish studies focusing on parishioner participation through fundraising efforts, monetary …
A Three -Essay Empirical Analysis Of Health Care Expenditures In The Economic Development Of The United States, 2000 - 2009, Srimoyee Bose
A Three -Essay Empirical Analysis Of Health Care Expenditures In The Economic Development Of The United States, 2000 - 2009, Srimoyee Bose
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Therefore the purpose of this study was to empirically demonstrate state-level variations in financing of healthcare, hospital expenditures and health outcomes.;Precisely, aims of the three studies were to: (1) evaluate the state-level variations in healthcare financing and the factors that affect financing of healthcare, (2) examine the state-level variations in hospital expenditures with an application of spatial regression, and (3) assess the determinants of state-level mortality rates using a spatial Durbin fixed effect model. This research used panel data from 2000 through 2009, extracted from publicly available data files.;Findings from the first study were that state-level variations in public financing …
Spatial And Temporal Distribution Of Hemlock Woolly Adelgid (Hemiptera: Adelgidae) Ovisac And Its Associations With The Environment, Sunghoon Baek
Spatial And Temporal Distribution Of Hemlock Woolly Adelgid (Hemiptera: Adelgidae) Ovisac And Its Associations With The Environment, Sunghoon Baek
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Eastern hemlock, Tsuga canadensis (Pinales: Pinaceae) is an important tree species in eastern North America ecosystems. During the past 65 years, eastern hemlock stands have been threatened by the hemlock woolly adelgid, Adelges tsugae Annand (Hemiptera: Adelgidae). The goal of this research was to determine the spatial and temporal distribution of A. tsugae populations. First, the appropriate sample unit for A. tsugae was determined based on within-branch and -tree distribution of A. tsugae. The results of this study showed that A. tsugae ovisacs were more frequently found at the tip of a branch and no significant (P > 0.05) differences in …
Impact Of Pore Size On Gas Condensate Critical Properties Confined In Marcellus Shale, Erfan Mustafa Allawe
Impact Of Pore Size On Gas Condensate Critical Properties Confined In Marcellus Shale, Erfan Mustafa Allawe
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Gas condensate reservoirs have become an important topic of research for reservoir engineers due to the drop in gas prices in the past few years. Because of this drop, the majority of gas producers have become more interested in condensate and wet gas resources. However, gas condensate reservoirs have a unique phase behavior system and they are considered the most complicated reservoirs to develop due to the continuous composition changes. Therefore, the effects of nanopores on the critical properties of the confined gas condensate in the Marcellus Shale will be investigated in this research in order to achieve the optimum …
Identification Of A Critical Gene In The Dihydroergot Alkaloid Pathway, Yulia Bilovol
Identification Of A Critical Gene In The Dihydroergot Alkaloid Pathway, Yulia Bilovol
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Ergot alkaloids, bioactive compounds produced by some species of fungi, have had significant impacts on agriculture and medicine. Claviceps purpurea and Epichloe spp. are ergot alkaloid producers associated with agricultural commodities and negatively affect humans and grazing animals, respectively. Another ergot alkaloid-producing fungus called Aspergillus fumigatus is ubiquitous in the environment; infections arising after inhaling the spores may kill immunocompromised persons. Ergot alkaloids and their derivatives are utilized by the pharmaceutical industry for the development of drugs. Some of these drugs are derived from lysergic acid, whereas others are derived from dihydrolysergic acid. Lysergic acid derivatives have vasoconstrictive properties and …
Three Essays On Renewable Energy Policy And Its Effects On Fossil Fuel Generation In Electricity Markets, Eric Bowen
Three Essays On Renewable Energy Policy And Its Effects On Fossil Fuel Generation In Electricity Markets, Eric Bowen
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
In this dissertation, I investigate the effectiveness of renewable policies and consider their impact on electricity markets. The common thread of this research is to understand how renewable policy incentivizes renewable generation and how the increasing share of generation from renewables affects generation from fossil fuels. This type of research is crucial for understanding whether policies to promote renewables are meeting their stated goals and what the unintended effects might be. To this end, I use econometric methods to examine how electricity markets are responding to an influx of renewable energy. My dissertation is composed of three interrelated essays. In …
Phylogenetic Relationships Among Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungal Species In The Deeply Rooted Archaeosporales (Glomeromycota), Robert J. Bills
Phylogenetic Relationships Among Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungal Species In The Deeply Rooted Archaeosporales (Glomeromycota), Robert J. Bills
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) in the phylum Glomeromycota are globally distributed biotrophic fungi that form symbiotic associations with a majority of terrestrial plants. Their global beneficial role in plant and soil ecology warrants a better understanding of their evolutionary history and taxonomic relationships. This project focused on species relationships in two deeply rooted families Ambisporaceae and Archaeosporaceae. In one study, analysis of morphology and 28S ribosomal DNA (LSU) sequences resulted in two major changes that redefined Ambispora to include only species that were dimorphic for both acaulosporoid and glomoid spore types. First, species described as producing only glomoid spores (Am. …
Implementation And Evaluation Of The Move! Program At Medical Weight Loss Center, Kimberly Bird
Implementation And Evaluation Of The Move! Program At Medical Weight Loss Center, Kimberly Bird
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Background: Obesity is an increasing worldwide epidemic that contributes to chronic diseases such as Coronary Artery Disease (CAD), Hypertension (HTN), Hyperlipidemia, Diabetes Mellitus Type 2, some cancers, and even death. West Virginia ranks in the top ten most obese states with over 32% of the residents being obese. Research has shown that group education programs are more effective in weight loss than individual education programs.;Objective: The purpose of the study was to examine the change in weight, body mass index (BMI), systolic blood pressure, and number of steps of overweight or obese adult participants in a group weight loss program.;Method: …
Types Of Co-Existing Chronic Physical Conditions And Newly-Diagnosed Depression, Its Treatment And Economic Outcomes Among Medicaid Beneficiaries With Type 2 Diabetes, Rituparna Bhattacharya
Types Of Co-Existing Chronic Physical Conditions And Newly-Diagnosed Depression, Its Treatment And Economic Outcomes Among Medicaid Beneficiaries With Type 2 Diabetes, Rituparna Bhattacharya
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Diabetes is a widely prevalent metabolic condition. Adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) also have many coexisting chronic physical conditions. Coexisting chronic physical conditions among individuals with T2DM may be concordant (conditions that overlap with T2DM in their pathogenesis and management plans such as cardiovascular diseases) or discordant (conditions with unrelated pathogenesis or management plans such as musculoskeletal disorders) or dominant (conditions whose severity eclipses all other illness management plans such as metastatic cancer). There is documented evidence on the negative consequences of depression in adults with T2DM. However, there is only limited knowledge on how the types of …