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Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

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Application Of Artificial Intelligent Predictive Modeling For Completion Optimization And Refracture Candidacy, Daniel Yingling Jan 2018

Application Of Artificial Intelligent Predictive Modeling For Completion Optimization And Refracture Candidacy, Daniel Yingling

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Unconventional reservoirs are full of uncertainty when dealing with conventional methods of modeling and analysis. The objective of this work is to use a trained artificial intelligent (AI) model to compare actual production data to AI predicted possible well production. Data-driven models based on AI are efficient tools for optimizing the production, stimulation, and completion design of wells and can be very beneficial when determining the success or failure of wells based on production. An AI model for production predictions require both native and design parameters, which include well characteristics, completion design, and stimulation design parameters.;Data from over 100 Marcellus …

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Training Supervisors To Provide Feedback Using Video Modeling, Natalie Jones Shuler Jan 2018

Training Supervisors To Provide Feedback Using Video Modeling, Natalie Jones Shuler

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Supervisors commonly use feedback to teach staff members to accurately implement behavioral interventions. However, few studies have evaluated methods to teach supervisors to provide effective feedback. In the current study, we used a multiple-baseline design to evaluate the use of video modeling to train four supervisors to provide performance feedback to therapists working with children with autism. We assessed the supervisors' accuracy with implementing eight feedback component skills (e.g., behavior-specific praise, describing incorrect performance, demonstrating correct performance) during simulated role-plays before and after the video-modeling intervention. Following the intervention, we assessed the extent to which the supervisors' skills generalized when …

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Potential Effects Of Oil And Natural Gas Development On Mule Deer (Odocoileus Hemionus) Survival And Fawn Rearing Resource Selection, Brett P. Skelly Jan 2018

Potential Effects Of Oil And Natural Gas Development On Mule Deer (Odocoileus Hemionus) Survival And Fawn Rearing Resource Selection, Brett P. Skelly

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

A worldwide increasing demand for both renewable and non-renewable energy resources has been ongoing for the past 50 years and is projected to continually increase for the next two decades. The direct and indirect effects of oil and natural gas development are not quantified but may be playing an important role in mule deer population dynamics. For this project I: (1) evaluated the potential effects of oil and natural gas development on survival probabilities of mule deer and; (2) evaluated the potential effects of oil and natural gas development on fawn rearing resource selection. I assessed mule deer survival and …

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Development Of Hydraulic Models, Mass Transfer Models, And Dynamic Models Of Solvent-Based Carbon Capture Processes With Uncertainty Quantification And Validation With Pilot Plant Data, Anderson Soares Chinen Jan 2018

Development Of Hydraulic Models, Mass Transfer Models, And Dynamic Models Of Solvent-Based Carbon Capture Processes With Uncertainty Quantification And Validation With Pilot Plant Data, Anderson Soares Chinen

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

To accelerate the development and commercial deployment of CO2 capture technologies, computational tools and models are being developed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy's Carbon Capture Simulation Initiative (CCSI). The CCSI process modeling team was tasked with developing a "gold-standard" model that will serve as a definitive reference for benchmarking the performance of solvent-based CO2 capture systems under steady-state and dynamic conditions over a large operating-range. The main three areas that this work focused on are: development of the hydrodynamic and mass transfer submodels for a monoethanolamine (MEA) solvent system, uncertainty quantification of these submodels, development of …

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Predicting Student Success In Online Physical Education, Tyler Goad Jan 2018

Predicting Student Success In Online Physical Education, Tyler Goad

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Background/Purpose: Scholars have posited that the demand for online learning is not going away, and the question is no longer if online physical education (OLPE) is practical but rather, what are the most effective ways of administering OLPE to accommodate students (Daum & Buschner, 2012). Currently, limited data are available on student retention rates and attrition factors in OLPE courses. Several early OLPE studies (Brewer, 2001; Mosier, 2010; Ransdell et al., 2008) as well as the 2007 NASPE Initial Guidelines for Online Physical Education have suggested that certain prescreening efforts be in place prior to student enrollment in OLPE, however, …

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Behavior Of Stiff-Tailed Diving Ducks And West Indian Whistling Ducks In Laguna Cartagena National Wildlife Refuge, Puerto Rico, Nick S. Goodman Jan 2018

Behavior Of Stiff-Tailed Diving Ducks And West Indian Whistling Ducks In Laguna Cartagena National Wildlife Refuge, Puerto Rico, Nick S. Goodman

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Masked ducks (Nomonyx dominicus), migratory northern ruddy ducks (Oxyura jamaicensis jamaicensis), non-migratory West Indian ruddy ducks (Oxyura j. jamaicensis Gmelin), and West Indian whistling-ducks (Dendrocygna arborea) are all duck taxa that have declining populations in Puerto Rico. Masked ducks are listed as endangered in Puerto Rico and are a species of concern in the Caribbean while West Indian whistling ducks are considered an "at-risk" species listed as vulnerable. All 4 taxa of duck have areas of their life history where information is lacking including behavioral information. I studied the 4 taxa of duck at Laguna Cartagena National Wildlife Refuge from …

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Effect Of Nano-Pore Wall Confinements On Non-Ideal Gas Dynamics In Organic Rich Shale Reservoirs, Nupur Gupta Jan 2018

Effect Of Nano-Pore Wall Confinements On Non-Ideal Gas Dynamics In Organic Rich Shale Reservoirs, Nupur Gupta

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The advancements in horizontal well drilling and multistage hydraulic fracturing technology enabled us to unfold major sources of hydrocarbon trapped in ultra-tight formations such as tight sands and organic rich shales. Tremendous gas production from these reservoirs has transformed today's energy landscape. To effectively optimize the hydrocarbon production from these ultra-tight formations, it is essential to study and model the fluid transport and storage sealed in multiscale pore structure of these formations, i.e. micro-, meso- and macro-pores. In shale gas reservoirs, Kerogen, the finely dispersed organic nano-porous material with an average pore size of less than 10 nm holds bulk …

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Conquering The Fear: A Journey Of Triumph Through The Exploration Of Creating The Role Of Masha In Anton Chekhov's Three Sisters, Cassandra Noel Hackbart Jan 2018

Conquering The Fear: A Journey Of Triumph Through The Exploration Of Creating The Role Of Masha In Anton Chekhov's Three Sisters, Cassandra Noel Hackbart

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This thesis is a documentation of my process for undertaking the role of Masha in Anton Chekhov's Three Sisters, performed in the Gladys G. Davis Theatre at the West Virginia University Creative Arts Center. This document will serve to archive the application of my graduate training while performing a major role; as well as, record my personal growth in a single production. In a reflective tone, I expound on the pressures and fears that I encountered, and the techniques that informed my self-realizations throughout the production process. The production process is composed of the three major sections. The first section …

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Graph Coloring Problems And Group Connectivity, Miaomiao Han Jan 2018

Graph Coloring Problems And Group Connectivity, Miaomiao Han

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

1. Group connectivity. Let A be an abelian group and let iA(G) be the smallest positive integer m such that Lm(G) is A-connected. A path P of G is a normal divalent path if all internal vertices of P are of degree 2 in G and if |E(P)|= 2, then P is not in a 3-cycle of G. Let l(G) = max{lcub}m : G has a normal divalent path of length m{rcub}. We obtain the following result. (i) If |A| ≥ 4, then iA( G) ≤ l(G). (ii) If | A| ≥ 4, then iA(G) ≤ |V(G)| -- Delta(G). (iii) …

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Nanocellulose From The Appalachian Hardwood Forest And Its Potential Applications, Masoumeh Hassanzadeh Jan 2018

Nanocellulose From The Appalachian Hardwood Forest And Its Potential Applications, Masoumeh Hassanzadeh

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Nanofibrillated cellulose (NFCs) are nanoscale fibers of high aspect ratio that can be isolated from a wide variety of cellulosic sources, including wood and bacterial cellulose. With high strength despite of their low density, NFCs are a promising renewable building block for the preparation of nanostructured materials and composites. To fabricate NFC-based materials with improved mechanical and chemical properties and additional new functionalities for different applications, it is essential to tailor the surface properties of individual NFCs. The surface structures control the interactions between NFCs and ultimately dictate the structure and macroscale properties of the bulk material. This research was …

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Systematic Characterization And Analysis Of Resistance From Conductors And Electrodes For Solid Oxide Fuel Cells, Alec Hinerman Jan 2018

Systematic Characterization And Analysis Of Resistance From Conductors And Electrodes For Solid Oxide Fuel Cells, Alec Hinerman

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Solid oxide fuel cells are all ceramic devices that generate electricity by direct electrochemical reactions of a fuel and oxidizer. Recent efforts are underway to reduce the operating temperature of solid oxide fuel cells which allow these devices to become more economically competitive. However, at decreased temperatures the resistance from key electrochemical processes greatly increases. The presented work encompasses the characterization and analysis of resistances from conductors and electrodes in solid oxide fuel cells. Ionic conductivity is a thermally activated process; therefore, the conductivity of the ion conducting phase must be improved for suitable operation at lower temperatures. Ionic transport …

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I Am The Walrus; A Character Study, Joseph Bussey Jan 2018

I Am The Walrus; A Character Study, Joseph Bussey

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The purpose of this thesis is to chronicle and reflect upon the steps and tools used in creating the role of Chebutykin in Anton Chekhov's Three Sisters. To effectively complete this task there are a few necessary benchmarks to cover including character analysis, the rehearsal process, and the performance of the role itself. Character analysis will be explored using Anne Bogart and Tina Landau's, The Viewpoints Book. The rehearsal process will discuss not only the way we rehearsed, but also the tools required to effectively personalize and prepare for performance. Finally, the result will reflect what the process provided the …

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Functional Movement Screen Composite Scores For Collegiate Field Club Sport Athletes At One University, Daniel Camillone Jan 2018

Functional Movement Screen Composite Scores For Collegiate Field Club Sport Athletes At One University, Daniel Camillone

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Context: Functional screening tools to detect musculoskeletal asymmetries and limitations present in functional movement patterns are available to use for the athletic population. Unfortunately, field club sport athletes do not have the opportunity to utilize functional screening tools. Further, normative data of Functional Movement Screen Composite Scores (FMS CS) has yet to be established in this population. Objective: The purpose of this study was to establish normative FMS CS among field club sport athletes, and determine if years of participation and current hours spent per week training have a significant effect on FMS CS. Foot type and orthotic use was …

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Ex-Vivo Model For Muscle Exposure To Tumor Cell Conditioned Media, Ikttesh K. Chahal Jan 2018

Ex-Vivo Model For Muscle Exposure To Tumor Cell Conditioned Media, Ikttesh K. Chahal

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Cancer-induced cachexia is a severe condition resulting in muscle wasting, muscle dysfunction, and an overall increased morbidity and mortality. The cachectic condition is often attributed to altered metabolism, aberrant activation of signaling pathways, and changes in the microenvironment of the skeletal muscle (SKM) through exposure to various host-derived and tumor-derived paracrine factors, delivered through the blood circulation. Previous data from our lab has shown that an increased signaling of Interleukin-15 (IL-15) results in enhanced oxidative capacity, promotion of a more oxidative phenotype and attenuation of muscle fatigue. This effect of IL-15 has yet to be characterized in a cancer-induced model …

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Focus On The Child: Preventing The Intergenerational Transmission Of Eating Disorders And Dieting Behavior, Elizabeth Claydon Jan 2018

Focus On The Child: Preventing The Intergenerational Transmission Of Eating Disorders And Dieting Behavior, Elizabeth Claydon

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

PURPOSE: There is a paucity of research exploring individuals' recall of parental dieting behavior, engagement in "fat talk", or criticism of weight or eating behavior in childhood. This dearth of literature exists in both community samples and in clinical populations of eating disorder patients. There is also limited information on women with a history of eating disorders and their pregnancy experience or anticipation of their pregnancy experience. This dissertation focuses on the aforementioned areas in order to develop the research literature further to understand whether parental feedback (such as parental comments or parental dieting) is associated with health outcomes such …

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Passive Wireless Temperature Sensing In Extreme Harsh Environments, Michael R. Comparetto Jan 2018

Passive Wireless Temperature Sensing In Extreme Harsh Environments, Michael R. Comparetto

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

As the technology in the elds of aerospace and the US power generation industry advances, there is a critical need for new extreme high temperature sensing / monitoring technologies to replace the current out-of-date sensing systems. As the operating temperatures of these jet and turbine engines continue to rise over 1000 C, it is vitally important to monitor the extreme high temperatures in these engines for system health monitoring and to achieve greater engine eciencies. We propose a new passive wireless temperature sensor capable of sensing these extreme high temperatures. The sensor uses an LC resonance circuit to measure the …

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Factors Affecting Orthodontic Treatment Outcomes In Southern West Virginia, Tyler Crowe Jan 2018

Factors Affecting Orthodontic Treatment Outcomes In Southern West Virginia, Tyler Crowe

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Background and Objectives: It is well known that a multitude of factors have an influence in the field of orthodontics from both the provider and the patient perspective. Patient compliance and oral hygiene both play a pivotal role in keeping an orthodontic treatment plan on track to become a successful treatment outcome. One question that is not completely understood, however, is how does each of these factors specifically affect the treatment outcome? Furthermore, patients come from different backgrounds and socioeconomic situations. Access to care and appointment keeping behavior are thought to vary between private pay, insurance subsidy, and Medicaid/CHIP patients. …

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Pilot Testing Of A Geomorphic Landform Design Reclamation Using A Vegetative Layer With Short Paper Fiber Amendment On An Abandoned Coal Refuse Pile In Appalachia, Levi Cyphers Jan 2018

Pilot Testing Of A Geomorphic Landform Design Reclamation Using A Vegetative Layer With Short Paper Fiber Amendment On An Abandoned Coal Refuse Pile In Appalachia, Levi Cyphers

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Over 3,000 abandoned mine lands in the Appalachian regions of West Virginia, Pennsylvania, and Kentucky and are in need of reclamation. This research tested an alternative cap and cover reclamation design using short paper fiber as a soil amendment in a coarse coal refuse vegetation layer. Short paper fiber is the solid residuals extracted from the paper manufacturing process, and treated as waste. Short paper fiber is a nutrient dense material that has been successfully tested as a soil amendment in soils. The intent of the vegetation layer was to support grass growth and persistence, stabilize the site, and reduce …

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Commodity Feminism Today: An Analysis Of The "Always #Likeagirl" Campaign, Cristina Dans Jan 2018

Commodity Feminism Today: An Analysis Of The "Always #Likeagirl" Campaign, Cristina Dans

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This study examined the Procter & Gamble Always #LikeAGirl commercial video for aspects of commodity feminism as defined by Goldman, Heath and Smith in their 1991 journal article "Commodity Feminism." The purpose of this study was to explore the connection between the #LikeAGirl commercial and its viewers. Through this exploration, the study aimed to find any feminist sign values and/or feminine visual signifiers identified in the Goldman et al. (1991) definition of commodity feminism. In addition, this study sought to explore audience connections (positive and/or effective) to identified aspects of commodity feminism in the video. The commercial video was analyzed …

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Electrophoretic Characterization Of Carbon Nanotubes: Elucidation Of Surface Functionalization And Interaction, Tyler A. Davis Jan 2018

Electrophoretic Characterization Of Carbon Nanotubes: Elucidation Of Surface Functionalization And Interaction, Tyler A. Davis

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Carboxylation of multiwall carbon nanotubes is used to enhance physical properties by improving dispersion, increasing compatibility and providing an interface for surface interaction. Accurate characterization of the multiwall carbon nanotubes surface is important as multiple applications depend on controlled functionalization. This dissertation is based on research that led to the adaption, validation and application of a capillary electrophoresis method for characterization of surface modification and interaction of carboxylated multiwall carbon nanotubes. The affinity based method uses electrostatic interaction of a selective peptide probe (WRWWWW) with multiwall carbon nanotubes to determine the degree of carboxylation. A 20% RSD in method reproducibility …

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Personality And Functional Limitations: Investigating The Mediating Effect Of Positive Social Exchanges, Priyanka S. Mehta Jan 2018

Personality And Functional Limitations: Investigating The Mediating Effect Of Positive Social Exchanges, Priyanka S. Mehta

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Research suggests a link between personality traits and various health outcomes. There is now a need to understand why this association exists by investigating potential underlying mechanisms. The current study investigated a potential mechanism that has not received much attention, positive social exchanges (PSS). PSS have been linked to health in various studies, but more research is needed to understand its association with health. The current study utilized data from 6,095 community-dwelling adults from the National Study of Midlife in the United States (MIDUS Wave 1; ages 20--75; Mage = 46.83, SD = 12.90). Using the Hayes PROCESS macro, we …

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Impact Of Next Generation Am-Pet Helmet And Support Structure On Subjects' Neck, Samantha Melroy Jan 2018

Impact Of Next Generation Am-Pet Helmet And Support Structure On Subjects' Neck, Samantha Melroy

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Ambulatory Micro-dose Positron Emission Tomography (AM-PET) is a portable PET brain scanner that does not require patients to remain still but allows them to move as they regularly would over the course of the scan (i.e. clapping hands, walking in place, and other stationary movements). Traditional PET scanners require patients to remain still for an extended duration in a small confined cavity. This is problematic for those who have conditions such as Parkinson's and Autism; in many cases, they must be sedated before the test can be performed. West Virginia University's AM-PET Helmet allows for these regular human movements to …

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Development Of Biomimetic-Based Controller Design Methods For Advanced Energy Systems, Gaurav Mirlekar Jan 2018

Development Of Biomimetic-Based Controller Design Methods For Advanced Energy Systems, Gaurav Mirlekar

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

A biologically inspired optimal control strategy, denoted as BIO-CS, is proposed for advanced energy systems applications. This strategy combines the ant's rule of pursuit idea with multi-agent and optimal control concepts. The BIO-CS algorithm employs gradient-based optimal control solvers for the intermediate problems associated with the leader-follower agents' local interactions. The developed BIO-CS is integrated with an Artificial Neural Network (ANN)-based adaptive component for further improvement of the overall framework. In particular, the ANN component captures the mismatch between the controller and the plant models by using a single-hidden-layer technique with online learning capabilities to augment the baseline BIO-CS control …

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The Moscow We All Seek: Performing The Role Of Vershinin In Anton Chekhov's The Three Sisters, Richard Mugrage Jan 2018

The Moscow We All Seek: Performing The Role Of Vershinin In Anton Chekhov's The Three Sisters, Richard Mugrage

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

In this document, I will give a detailed account of my preparation, rehearsal and performance process, and finally, will evaluate and assess the outcome of my contributions and experiences as I performed the role of Vershinin in Anton Chekhov's The Three Sisters. Throughout the duration of this production, I was challenged and also rewarded by my struggles and discoveries while creating a complex character for the stage. The preparation for my role in the play consisted of using different acting techniques that I studied while at West Virginia University as well as research I compiled about life in Russia during …

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East Or West? Understanding Strategic Alignment In The Post-Soviet Space, John A. Mowchan Jan 2018

East Or West? Understanding Strategic Alignment In The Post-Soviet Space, John A. Mowchan

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This comparative foreign policy dissertation examines small state alignment in the post-Soviet space. Specifically, I ask what explains change and continuity in the strategic alignment patterns of former Soviet states with the United States and Russian Federation since the end of the Cold War? To answer this question, I analyze the alignment trajectories of ruling governments in Azerbaijan, Georgia, Moldova, and Ukraine from 1995 to 2015. While neorealists expect these materially weak states to bandwagon with Russia because of threat or power considerations, the empirical reality does not consistently support these theoretical expectations. What has occurred is that at different …

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The(Y), Michael Oliver Jan 2018

The(Y), Michael Oliver

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This MFA thesis addresses work completed and presented in a thesis exhibition at West Virginia University. It expresses the personal motivations, the process and the inspirations behind the exhibit. Through the use of abstraction, I was searching for a personal change in perspective, and a way to identify with people on a level that mirrors my long-term experience in the military. This was explored by uniformly adding Adobe Photoshop filters, in a step by step manner, to a selected series of portraits., to a selected series of portraits. The hope was by removing the surface characteristics of an individual what …

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Religiousness And Political Attitudes In Adolescence, Rebecca Olson Jan 2018

Religiousness And Political Attitudes In Adolescence, Rebecca Olson

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Adolescent civic engagement has been shown to uniquely develop in certain contexts. However, few studies have examined the potential role of religiousness on youth's budding political attitudes about social issues. Religious organizations provide a particular atmosphere for civic development as these institutions and their members often have unique political outlooks. Youth who are associated with religious organizations (i.e. institutional religion), feel connected to a higher power (i.e. spirituality), or have certain religious beliefs (i.e. religious conservatism) may hold specific political attitudes about social issues including capital punishment, euthanasia, abortion, and environmentalism. Further, Social Domain Theory posits that informational assumptions, or …

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Constructing A Sense Of Place On Top Of The World, Catherine E. Lovell Jan 2018

Constructing A Sense Of Place On Top Of The World, Catherine E. Lovell

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This thesis examines written texts in summit logs by rock climbers at the peak of Baboquivari, located in southern Arizona. After scaling the mountain, rock climbers complete the ritual of documenting their success in a log located on the summit. Guided by the concepts of sense of place and ritual communication, this study investigated discourses articulated in summit logs in order to understand how rock climbers construct their sense of place for a contested landscape.;Baboquivari is the cosmological home of the Tohono O'odham and their creator I'itoi is believed to reside on the peak today. A good portion of Baboquivari …

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Integrated Sensing Systems For On-Orbit Robotic Satellite Servicing Applications, Eric Loy Jan 2018

Integrated Sensing Systems For On-Orbit Robotic Satellite Servicing Applications, Eric Loy

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

There are a variety of stakeholders when it comes to space (the military, other governmental entities, private sector companies, consumers, the scientific community, etc.), and they would all prefer the operational lives of their satellites, observatories, space stations, and other assets to be maximized. Out of the large number of assets in space, only a few were designed with serviceability as a goal. The ability to service "non-cooperative" satellites is an ongoing project being investigated by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration's (NASA) Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC) and Satellite Servicing Projects Division (SSPD), along with other industrial partners. This …

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Involvement Of Two Novel Grf-Type Zinc Finger Nodulins During Rhizobial Symbiotic Establishment In Medicago Truncatula Nodules, Lucas Gontijo Silva Maia Jan 2018

Involvement Of Two Novel Grf-Type Zinc Finger Nodulins During Rhizobial Symbiotic Establishment In Medicago Truncatula Nodules, Lucas Gontijo Silva Maia

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

In legumes, symbiotic nitrogen fixation (SNF) occurs through a cooperative relationship established with rhizobial diazotrophic bacteria. This association triggers the de novo development of a highly specialized organ from root, called nodule. In this dissertation, we explore the molecular functional genetics of nodulation in the model legume Medicago truncatula in the scope of knowledge. Followed by a linearization of the current knowledge about the roles of Transcription Factors in legume nodule symbiosis. In an attempt of understanding the orchestration dynamics of nodulation and processes that generate SNF. Legumes evolved novel genes related with nodule development, symbiosis establishment and nitrogen fixation, …

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