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Articles 11581 - 11610 of 11863
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Safety Of Front-End Loaders Evaluated By Workload And Performance (Simulator, Subjective Reporting, Physiological, Reaction Time, Vigilance)., Mehran Lotfi Najafabadi
Safety Of Front-End Loaders Evaluated By Workload And Performance (Simulator, Subjective Reporting, Physiological, Reaction Time, Vigilance)., Mehran Lotfi Najafabadi
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
The safety of front-end loaders should be given the highest priority in research since they have been involved in 27% of fatal accidents and 22.4% of non-fatal accidents in surface mining, second only to trucks. Operator safety was considered to depend on the workload, environmental stressors and the subsequent deterioration in performance. Operator workload intensity was established by analyzing tasks and stressors in each segment of the cycle. Deterioration in performance was measured by increases in reaction time and by frequency of errors. A physical simulator was designed and constructed to generate operational task demands in a controlled laboratory environment. …
Dissolution Kinetics Of Hydrocortisone Into Polymer Solutions (Steroids)., Nahla Nassar Khoury
Dissolution Kinetics Of Hydrocortisone Into Polymer Solutions (Steroids)., Nahla Nassar Khoury
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
A major concern of investigators during the last decade has been the evaluation of the relative therapeutic effectiveness of competitive drug products. The problem of bioavailability is further exaggerated for steroidal drugs formulated as suspensions because of low intrinsic solubility, and the addition of stabilizing ingredients, such as polymers, to the formulations. An in vitro evaluation of the dissolution rate of hydrocortisone alcohol and acetate from constant surface area tablets into dilute polymer solutions was undertaken since dissolution rate is a relevant characteristic concerning therapeutic availability for sparingly soluble drugs. Polymers of varying chemical type and in dilute concentrations, similar …
The Relationship Between Principal's Leadership Style And Teacher Job Satisfaction., Pamela Amick Klawitter
The Relationship Between Principal's Leadership Style And Teacher Job Satisfaction., Pamela Amick Klawitter
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between the principal's leadership style (as perceived by the teacher) and the teacher's job satisfaction. The sample utilized in this study consisted of 220 public school teachers in West Virginia. Four teachers were randomly selected from each of the state's 55 counties to participate in the study. Each participant was mailed copies of LEAD-Other and the Job Satisfaction Survey. A total of 70% of the teachers returned the questionnaires. Principals in the study were classified, according to Hersey and Blanchard's leadership typology, as: Style 1 (High Task/Low Relationship), Style 2 …
Mechanisms Of Particle Transfer In A Liquid, Liquid System: Model Particle Study., Che-An Ku
Mechanisms Of Particle Transfer In A Liquid, Liquid System: Model Particle Study., Che-An Ku
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
The wetting characteristics of silica microbeads are modified by varying the reaction between the surface silanols with t-butyldimethylchlorosilane. The wicking method is used to obtain the contact angle of the particle systems. Increasing hydrophobicity is observed with increasing silanizing reaction. The surface free energy of particles are calculated from the contact angle data. Nondispersive contribution decreases with increasing hydrophobicity while dispersive component remains unchanged. A mathematical model is developed which considers both the hydrodynamics and the induction times of the system. The transfer rates to and from the water phase are first order with respect to the particle concentrations in …
Effect Of Vaginal Versus Caesarean Delivery On Infant Development, Mothers' Perceptions And Mother And Infant Interaction, Nancy Ellen Meck
Effect Of Vaginal Versus Caesarean Delivery On Infant Development, Mothers' Perceptions And Mother And Infant Interaction, Nancy Ellen Meck
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
A rapidly rising rate of Caesarean childbirth in the United States has led to concern for the effects of this mode of delivery on mother and child. The purpose of this investigation was to assess the effect of mode of delivery on infant development, mother's perceptions of their infants and mother-interaction. Seventy-eight Caesearian mothers and their healthy newborn babies were assessed two and thirty days postpartum. The sample consisted of 40 first and laterborn vaginally delivered infants, 20 firstborn, unplanned Caesearean delivered infants and 18 laterborn, elective Caesarean delivered infants. Measures included the neonatal Behavioral Assessment Scale, the Neonatal Perception …
Using Academic Achievement Scores As A Predictor Of Success In Secondary Vocational Education Programs., Michael Malone Murphy
Using Academic Achievement Scores As A Predictor Of Success In Secondary Vocational Education Programs., Michael Malone Murphy
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
The study analyzed the relationship between 1981 West Virginia secondary vocational students' scores on the Comprehensive Test of Basic Skills at the ninth grade level and their subsequent successful job placement. Data were collected and analyzed by means of electronic data processing from data tapes on vocational graduate placement and scores on the Comprehensive Test of Basic Skills obtained from the West Virginia Department of Education. Sufficient observations were obtained for all vocational fields except technical education. The results for technical education students were noted as statistically unreliable for the study. TTESTS and F' tests were applied to determine the …
Appellate Court Decisions On Public Education Employer Unfair Labor Practices, 1973-1982., Toni Gene Parsons
Appellate Court Decisions On Public Education Employer Unfair Labor Practices, 1973-1982., Toni Gene Parsons
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between longevity, selected concurrent factors, and public education employer unfair labor practices. A documentary analysis method of research was applied to 75 nationally reported cases whose final determination was made at the appellate court level between January 1, 1973 and December 31, 1982. Each case was assigned to one of the five major types of unfair labor practices (Interference, Domination, Discrimination, Refusal to Bargain, and Miscellaneous) according to the primary charge filed, and then placed into one of four longevity categories. The cases were coded according to selected factors which …
Stiffness And Fatigue Of Compact Bone At Physiological Strains And Strain Rates (Biomechanics, Osteons)., Mitchell Barry Schaffler
Stiffness And Fatigue Of Compact Bone At Physiological Strains And Strain Rates (Biomechanics, Osteons)., Mitchell Barry Schaffler
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
The elastic and fatigue behaviors of primary and secondary bovine compact bone were examined by in vitro mechanical testing, and analyzed morphologically to determine the structural correlates of these mechanical behaviors. Specimens were cyclically loaded in uniaxial tension at a strain range of 1200 (mu)(epsilon) and strain rates of either 0.01 s('-1) or 0.03 s('-1); long-term specimens were loaded 15 million or more cycles, short-term specimens for 1 million cycles. After loading, specimen microstructure was examined quantitatively to determine porosity, percent osteonal bone and osteon density; wet density and ash content were determined as well. Numerical and surface densities for …
Multi-Dimensional Assessment Of The Effects Of Dialysis On The Marital Relationship., Stephen Serafino Simone
Multi-Dimensional Assessment Of The Effects Of Dialysis On The Marital Relationship., Stephen Serafino Simone
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
This study examined the marital profiles of couples with one member on dialysis. These profiles were then compared to the marital profiles of nondialysis, nondistressed couples to determine if there were differences in ratings of marital satisfaction and in the behavioral correlates associated with marital distress. Four marital inventories were administered to 15 dialysis and to 15 nondialysis, nondistressed couples. These instruments included the Spouse Observation Checklist, Marital Satisfaction Inventory, Areas of Change Questionnaire, and the Locke-Wallace Marital Adjustment Scale. The results of 2 x 2 Analyses of Variance showed that dialysis couples could be differentiated from nondialysis, nondistressed couples …
Perceptions Of Nursing Education Administrators And Nursing Service Administrators Regarding Associate Degree And Baccalaureate Nurses In Hospitals (Technical, Professional), Judith Pinson Sortet
Perceptions Of Nursing Education Administrators And Nursing Service Administrators Regarding Associate Degree And Baccalaureate Nurses In Hospitals (Technical, Professional), Judith Pinson Sortet
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
The problem investigated was the degree of incongruence between the perceptions of nursing education administrators and nursing service administrators in regard to the educational preparation and employment practices for technical and professional nurses which has contributed to discontent in the profession. The population studied was nursing education administrators in AD and BSN programs and nursing service administrators in general acute care hospitals in West Virginia. The research method was a descriptive survey using a mailed questionnaire developed by a researcher. Eighteen (100%) of the nursing education administrators and sixty (89.6%) of the nursing service administrators responded. Seven perceptions were examined …
A Study On The Selection Of Overburden Handling System And Environmental Protection In Surface Coal Mining, Jui-Lin Chang
A Study On The Selection Of Overburden Handling System And Environmental Protection In Surface Coal Mining, Jui-Lin Chang
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
The objective of this study is to develop a method to aid in the selection of an overburdern handling system in surface coal mining. The selection procedure consists of three major parts. The first part is aimed at rating the equipment's potential to perform the environmental protection related activities and then integrating this rating into the system selection process. The second part is an engineering analysis of the design of pit layouts and the operation of alternative overburden handling systems. The third part consists of a cost and sensitivity analysis of alternative systems on different mining situations. Specifically, the work …
Identifying Teaching Strategies Of Untrained Tutors (Science Education, Junior High School, Learner Variables), Mary V. Clark
Identifying Teaching Strategies Of Untrained Tutors (Science Education, Junior High School, Learner Variables), Mary V. Clark
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
This study investigated the teaching strategies used by untrained tutors and inquired if these strategies changed with the experience of tutoring, the task being taught, and the specific learner being taught. In addition, individual difference variables of tutors and learners were examined to determine their relationship to tutor teaching strategies. Tenth grade biology students (tutors) and seventh grade life science students (learners) from a rural public high school were randomly paired and assigned to work in a resource room, using materials prepared by the reseacher. All tutoring sessions were video taped by a trained camera operator. Tutoring strategies were classified …
Safety Evaluation Of Coal Mine Distribution Power Systems., Elmer Westell Collins
Safety Evaluation Of Coal Mine Distribution Power Systems., Elmer Westell Collins
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
For the years 1975, 1978 and 1979, 1266 electrical accidents in the coal mining industry have been identified from accident reports on file at MSHA Health and Safety Analysis Center, Denver, Colorado. The number of reported electrical accidents each year continues to remain high when compared to other industries. This dissertation's objective is to develop and apply an analytical technique to the coal mine power system which could identify methods to reduce the number of electrical accidents. A safety evaluation technique is developed by integrating preliminary hazard analysis, operating hazard analysis, failure mode, effect and criticality analysis, event tree analysis …
A Model Of Disequilibrium Adjustments Between Spot And Futures Markets (Econometrics)., Randy E. Holliday
A Model Of Disequilibrium Adjustments Between Spot And Futures Markets (Econometrics)., Randy E. Holliday
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
This dissertation examines commodity markets with futures trading. In particular it attempts to model commodity markets with futures trading by integrating aspects of both futures and spot markets. It is argued that factors that affect the spot market, will affect the futures market, and vice versa. Therefore, a model describing a commodity with futures trading should depict the interaction between these two markets. The second area of interest in this dissertation is the short run disequilibrium aspects of commodity markets with futures trading. The characteristics of disequilibrium discussed include lags, expectations, excess demand, excess speculative demand and learning. Expectations are …
Search For New Membrane Active Substances: Synthesis Of 3-Tropanols With Alkyl, Alkenyl And Alkenynyl Group At The Bridgehead, Ramalinga Murty Dharanipragada
Search For New Membrane Active Substances: Synthesis Of 3-Tropanols With Alkyl, Alkenyl And Alkenynyl Group At The Bridgehead, Ramalinga Murty Dharanipragada
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
In recent years, Witkop and coworkers have isolated several structurally unique alkaloids from the colombian frog belonging to the genera Dendrobates. These alkaloids, which occur in the defensive skin secretions of the frog have been found to be highly active venoms as well as mucosal tissue irritants towards both mammals and reptiles. Among them are three important alkaloids histrionicotoxin, isodihydrohistronicotoxin and octahydrohistronicotoxin.
A Railroad Terminal Evaluation Methodology (Classification, Yard), John David Miller
A Railroad Terminal Evaluation Methodology (Classification, Yard), John David Miller
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
In this study a methodology using a computer simulation model for the design or redesign of rail classification yards was formulated, refined, tested and analyzed. The procedure concentrated upon developing both process and measures for evaluating the performance and efficiency of alternative yard configurations. The methodology addresses large scale yard systems analysis and properly assesses operating policy decisions. The evaluation is divided into three hierarchical levels of analysis that are integrated with traditional yard layout design. The approach involves using a computer model to evaluate multiple alternatives under the same overall traffic loads. In the first two levels, individual yards …
The Educative Value Of Literary Art: A Conceptual Framework For Secondary Literature Education (Reader-Response)., Sharon Sharp Smith
The Educative Value Of Literary Art: A Conceptual Framework For Secondary Literature Education (Reader-Response)., Sharon Sharp Smith
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
The purpose of this study is to construct a conceptual framework for secondary literature education based on the individual reader's experience with a literary work. The defining characteristics of literature education theory are stipulated as follows: (a) Literature education theory is not scientific; (b) Literature education theory, like any educational theory, should be an open system; (c) Literature education theory provides justification for literature as a secondary school subject by specifying the educative value of literature; (d) Literature education theory should contain a concept of growth; (e) Literature education theory should provide general aims or goals for literature instruction; and, …
The Potential Impact And Optimal Adjustment Associated With An Aluminum Supply Restriction: A Case Study Of Taiwan, Chia-Yon Chen
The Potential Impact And Optimal Adjustment Associated With An Aluminum Supply Restriction: A Case Study Of Taiwan, Chia-Yon Chen
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
There is a growing concern over the impact of critical mineral supply restrictions on the economies of mineral importing nations such as Taiwan. The objective of this dissertation is to build a framework that can be used to analyze the impact of a supply restriction and that can be used to formulate an optimal adjustment pattern for a national economy. The study contains several important advances over previous studies of the impact of a commodity supply restriction. First, the model presented here generalizes I-O analysis via a linear programming (LP) framework in order to simultaneously handle the production function and …
Analysis Of Raw Material Extraction Through Simulation: A Timber Harvesting Example (Forest Engineering, Production Planning, Logging)., Leonard Roy Johnson
Analysis Of Raw Material Extraction Through Simulation: A Timber Harvesting Example (Forest Engineering, Production Planning, Logging)., Leonard Roy Johnson
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Raw material extraction processes face problems that differ from those encountered in most production systems. Production steps are often quite simple, but material handling and inprocess inventory are complicated by a constantly changing environment. The factory that delivers raw materials must be mobile and flexible to handle variations that occur in the raw material environment. Techniques used to analyze problems common to factories at fixed locations are often inappropriate for extraction processes. A simulation model of the extraction process can be used to provide input to many production planning steps. It should consist of three components. The production process can …
Evaluation Of Rock Phosphate And Fly Ash Amendments To Ameliorate Toxic Condition In Acid Mine Soils For Crop Production., Hussein Eisa Ghazi
Evaluation Of Rock Phosphate And Fly Ash Amendments To Ameliorate Toxic Condition In Acid Mine Soils For Crop Production., Hussein Eisa Ghazi
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
A greenhouse investigation was conducted with corn and alfalfa to evaluate rock phosphate (rock-P) and fly ash as amendments to ameliorate toxic conditions in three acid mine soils. The extremely acid mine soils from Valley Point (VP), Westover (WO), and Lenox (LX) were each mixed with fly ash at a rate of 0%, 33% or 67%, and with rock-P at a rate of 0, 10, 20 or 40 g/kg soil in a factorial combination. In a corollary experiment, rock-P was replaced with fertilizer consisting of monocalcium phosphate (200 kg P/ha), KNO(,3) and KCl (112 kg/ha), calcium carbonate (225 kg Ca/ha), …
A Study Of Predictors Of Success In Mathematics For Elementary Education Majors., Mary Ellen Komorowski
A Study Of Predictors Of Success In Mathematics For Elementary Education Majors., Mary Ellen Komorowski
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
The purpose of the study was to determine the weight of a set of available cognitive, affective, and demographic variables in the prediction of success of students enrolled in the three mathematics courses for elementary pre-service teachers at West Virginia University. The mathematics courses were: Mathematics 33, Introductory Mathematics for Elementary Teachers, Part I; Mathematics 34, Introductory Mathematics for Elementary Teachers, Part II; and Mathematics 131, Informal Geometry and Algebra for Elementary Teachers. Ninety-one students participated in the study. Each completed a questionnaire consisting of two parts: the Mathematics Opinionnaire by Aiken and a questionnaire related to students' backgrounds. From …
A Comparison Of An Active And A Passive Relaxation Procedure For The Management Of General Anxiety (Relaxation, Stress Management, Sensory Awareness)., Jeffrey Alan Knight
A Comparison Of An Active And A Passive Relaxation Procedure For The Management Of General Anxiety (Relaxation, Stress Management, Sensory Awareness)., Jeffrey Alan Knight
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Relaxation training procedures have been used increasingly over the last 20 years as a treatment intervention for generalized anxiety. Treatment of anxiety is often approached from the broader perspective of stress management training using relaxation procedures as components of the treatment protocol. Historically, active relaxation techniques, such as progressive muscle relaxation, have been employed in stress management programs, although passive relaxation techniques, those not requiring muscle tension release, have also proven effective in reducing symptoms of tension and anxiety. The present study was designed to compare the efficacy of a clinically proven, but empirically untested, passive relaxation procedure called Sensory …
Prediction Of Surface Subsidence Profile Due To Underground Mining In The Appalachian Coalfield., Kewal Krishan Kohli
Prediction Of Surface Subsidence Profile Due To Underground Mining In The Appalachian Coalfield., Kewal Krishan Kohli
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Subsidence engineering is becoming an important aspect of mine planning in the United States due to Surface Mining Reclamation Act of 1977 which became effective on July 1, 1983. This dissertation contains complete field subsidence data for 42 sites in the Northern Appalachian Coalfield. Five well-known empirical methods were used to predict the subsidence profile, and the predicted profiles were compared with observed profiles. It was found that Hyperbolic Function method could predict within 15% of the observed profiles in the critical zone for this region. Seven two-dimensional finite element models were used to predict the subsidence and the subsidence …
The Influence Of A Thermal Oxide Layer On Short-Term Degradation Of Silicon Mis Solar Cell Output., Abdul Rahman Alamoud
The Influence Of A Thermal Oxide Layer On Short-Term Degradation Of Silicon Mis Solar Cell Output., Abdul Rahman Alamoud
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Metal-semiconductor (Schottky-barrier) solar cells have lower open-circuit voltage than p-n junction solar cells. The open-circuit voltage of a Schottky-barrier solar cell can be increased by the use of an ultrathin oxide layer between the metal and the semiconductor. Fabrication and testing of MIS solar cells with steam-grown oxide layers shows that short-term degradation occurs (within six weeks) and is indicated by lowering maximum power output. Degradation occurs independent of environmental conditions. Auger Electron Spectroscopy (AES) depth-profiles show that degradation is due to growth of a metal-oxide layer at the metal-SiO(,2) interface. This process occurs in a few weeks; with high …
Multivariable System Identification Coal Gasification Process., Ali Reza Delavari
Multivariable System Identification Coal Gasification Process., Ali Reza Delavari
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Obtaining information on the dynamic behavior of a system or process for ultimate use in control strategies is essential. Identification of a system in real time is divided into two areas, parametric and non-parametric. In the non-parametric method a model is not assumed for the system, while in the parametric method a prior assumption of a given model form with unknown parameters is necessary. The objectives of this research are: (a) Detail studies of various methods of parametric identification in transfer function form, developing and extending some of these methods and a new method for multivariable discrete-time systems. Many criterions …
Synthetic Studies Toward 2h-Pyran - Stereocontrolled Synthesis Of (Z)-2,4-Pentadienal., Kang Fang
Synthetic Studies Toward 2h-Pyran - Stereocontrolled Synthesis Of (Z)-2,4-Pentadienal., Kang Fang
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
A synthetic approach to 2H-pyran (1) via von Braun reaction by using 5-N,N-dimethylamino-(Z)-3-pentenal (39) was elaborated. Various attempts to make the key precursor 39 by hydrolyzing 5-N,N-dimethylamino-(Z)-3-pentenal dimethyl acetal (56) and oxidizing 5-N,N-dimethylamino-(Z)-3-penten-1-ol (67) were unsuccessful. Stereocontrolled synthesis of (Z)-2,4-pentadienal (2) was accomplished, and experiments to trap its valence tautomer, 2H-pyran (1), albeit unsuccessful due to its ambient sensitivity, were described. The spectroscopic comparisons of (Z)-2,4-pentadienal (2) were carefully studied. Analogously, (Z)-3,5-hexadien-1-ol (120) was also synthesized by Peterson olefination. This constitutes a new methodology for the synthesis of conjugated diene.
World And Being In Wordsworth's "Prelude" (Phenomenology)., James Preston Hissom
World And Being In Wordsworth's "Prelude" (Phenomenology)., James Preston Hissom
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
This study approaches the problem of the relation of man and nature in William Wordsworth's The Prelude from the phenomenological perspective developed in Martin Heidegger's early work, Being and Time. More specifically, I attempt to work out a detailed comparison between Wordsworth's description of nature as an environing and supporting presence and Heidegger's notion of "world" as an irreducible component of human existence. In contrast to most philosophically oriented critics of The Prelude, who locate Wordsworth's ideas within the metaphysical context of English empiricism or continental transcendentalism and idealism, I argue that the structure of experience presented in ThePrelude actually …
Structural Design Guidelines For Longwall Panel Layout., Sui-Min Hsiung
Structural Design Guidelines For Longwall Panel Layout., Sui-Min Hsiung
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Successful longwall mining requires a good roof control. A good roof control implies that: (1) no excessive pressue is built up in the face powered supports, and (2) chain pillars are designed in such a way that panel entries are well protected and interactions between adjacent panels are minimized. A clear understanding of strata behavior around longwall panels due to face movement is, therefore, the foremost requirement for achieving better roof control. This dissertation is designed to analyze the effects of strata behavior on longwall panels due to the mining activities. The following topics are studied: (1) the weighting phenomena …
A Functional Assessment Of Heterosocial Initiation Behaviors In Adults (Social Competence, Effectiveness, External Validity)., Thomas Michael Dilorenzo
A Functional Assessment Of Heterosocial Initiation Behaviors In Adults (Social Competence, Effectiveness, External Validity)., Thomas Michael Dilorenzo
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
The purpose of the present investigation was to incorporate the extant literature in the area of social competence in an attempt to assess the relationship between empirically defined classes of behavior or strategies and ratings of effectiveness, liking, and skill with adults. Female subjects were asked to listen to and rate audiotapes of dyadic interactions of males and females. The dyads' verbal behavior had been manipulated experimentally such that each "actor" exhibited one of two strategies in each audiotaped interaction. The male actor exhibited either an "other enhancement" or a "positive self presentation" intiation strategy. The female actor either encouraged …
A Comparative Study Of Two West Virginia Community Power Structures And Their Relationship To Superintendents' Success., King R. Weber
A Comparative Study Of Two West Virginia Community Power Structures And Their Relationship To Superintendents' Success., King R. Weber
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
This study examined the extent to which superintendents in two selected West Virginia counties had identified and communicated with the educational influentials in their counties. Additionally, the study focused on the successful and unsuccessful superintendents in two selected West Virginia counties. The educational influentials and issues that were contemporary with the superintendents' tenures were also identified and analyzed. The researcher believed that the study would reveal a relationship between the superintendents' abilities to identify and communicate with the educational influentials in their counties and the superintendents' success or nonsuccess. A case study approach was utilized to investigate the various factors …