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Environmental-Assisted Fracture Behavior Of Iron Aluminides Using Moire Interferometry With Digital Image Processing., Zhongrun Li Jan 1998

Environmental-Assisted Fracture Behavior Of Iron Aluminides Using Moire Interferometry With Digital Image Processing., Zhongrun Li

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The aim of this research is to investigate the fracture behavior of iron aluminides under various environments. Comparative crack growth tests of three iron aluminides (Fe-28Al-5Cr, at% with various additivies like Zr,C or B)were carried out under air, oxygen or water environment. Moiré interferometry was applied to obtain whole-field displacement, crack growth rate, stress intensity factor, and crack-tip strain fields. A digital image processing (DIP) procedure was developed to obtain the strain distributions. Test results showed that the presence of small amount of moisture is sufficient to cause significant embrittlement in iron aluminides. Furthermore, specimens tested in water environment have …

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Foundations Of Object-Based Specification Design, David March Fleming Dec 1997

Foundations Of Object-Based Specification Design, David March Fleming

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

To enhance applicability and encourage its use, a component or a component-based system must have a well-designed set of interface features as well as a proper explanation of these features. The dual problem of designing a suitable set of interface features in addition to properly explaining its behavior is termed the specification design problem. This dissertation identifies observability, controllability, and a performance-motivated pragmatic criterion as essential properties of desirable formal specifications for reusable object-based software components. The pragmatic criterion guides the design of component interfaces and component libraries to a suitable set of features so that they are widely applicable, …

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Defining Developmentally Appropriate Practice In Physical Education., Nigel Davies Jan 1997

Defining Developmentally Appropriate Practice In Physical Education., Nigel Davies

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The purposes of this study were to: (1) define developmentally appropriate practice and identify practices within planning, instruction, content, evaluation and management which will enhance the facilitation of developmentally appropriate practice; and (2) compare and analyze the five participant sub-groups, to identify similarities and differences among these groups. The sample was randomly determined from the current AAHPERD membership list, categorized, via self-designation, into teacher educators, motor developmentalists, physical education teachers, graduate students, undergraduate students. One hundred and eleven participants (n = 111) completed and returned the Developmentally Appropriate Practice Inventory (DAPI). In phase one, each statement was analyzed utilizing the …

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'Regional' Political Ecology And Underdevelopment In Appalachia: Case Studies From Two West Virginia Counties., James Todd Nesbitt Jan 1997

'Regional' Political Ecology And Underdevelopment In Appalachia: Case Studies From Two West Virginia Counties., James Todd Nesbitt

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This dissertation analyzes the environmental history of Pendleton and Randolph Counties, West Virginia, as it relates to underdevelopment within the broader Appalachian region. Theories of political ecology and reconstructed regional geography are used to gain a better understanding of the intersection between cultural practice and human use of the natural environment. Specifically, three case study locales are utilized in this study to demonstrate local variability in natural resource issues within the Appalachian region. Political ecology and reconstructed regional geography are integrated to create a conceptually and contextually refined 'regional' political ecology which accounts for issues of geographic scale and alternative …

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Effects Of Peer-Mediated Instructional Mnemonic Modeling Strategies On Learning Geographic Locations By Sixth-Grade Social Studies Students., Kimberly Bryan Jennings Jan 1997

Effects Of Peer-Mediated Instructional Mnemonic Modeling Strategies On Learning Geographic Locations By Sixth-Grade Social Studies Students., Kimberly Bryan Jennings

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This study was designed to examine the effects of peer-mediated instructional mnemonic modeling strategies on learning geographic locations by sixth-grade social studies students. Experimental and control group scores, time-based memory retention, structural level of intervention, and experimental group attitudes were analyzed following the 10-week study. One teacher and 84 sixth-grade social studies students participated in the study. Experimental group students experienced peer-mediated mnemonic modeling activities during their regularly scheduled social studies classes while the control group received traditional geographic instruction only, which involved participation in the map outlining instructional process. Peer models were trained by the teacher as to the …

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Family Firo Model Perspectives On Physical Spouse Abuse: An Exploratory Study., Antoinette Sgarlata Wiseman Jan 1997

Family Firo Model Perspectives On Physical Spouse Abuse: An Exploratory Study., Antoinette Sgarlata Wiseman

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Control is often a central concept in the explanation and treatment of physical spouse abuse. This study examined the usefulness of W. J. Doherty's and N. Colangelo's Family FIRO Model in explaining issues of control in physically aggressive couple relationships. The model is an adaptation of W. Schutz's Fundamental Interpersonal Relations Orientation theory, which predicts the interpersonal fit in relationships from the satisfaction of the partners' intrapersonal inclusion, control, and affection needs. In further describing these needs, Doherty and colleagues place issues related to control in separate need areas, which could affect the initial focus of treatment. Thirty couples recruited …

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Role Of Patient Empowerment In Enhancing Medical Care Outcomes: Development And Validation Of A Framework., Krithika S. Venkataraman Jan 1997

Role Of Patient Empowerment In Enhancing Medical Care Outcomes: Development And Validation Of A Framework., Krithika S. Venkataraman

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The overall goal of the study was to assess the characteristics of empowered type II diabetes patients and delineate an operational definition of empowerment. In addition, the study explored the role of empowerment on diabetes self-management, quality of life, and selected health resource utilization of these patients. The study was conducted in two phases. In Phase I, "empowerment" was operationalized into two domains: "first stage" and "second stage." Additionally, it was found that these two domains had three subdomains each. The "first stage" of empowerment subdomains were: (i) instrumental beliefs, (ii) outcome expectancy, and (iii) perceived self-efficacy; while the "second …

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Postsecondary Persistence Of Ged Students., Maria C. Rose Jan 1997

Postsecondary Persistence Of Ged Students., Maria C. Rose

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

More nontraditional students are attending college, and many of these students are enrolled with GED certification. The validity using GED certification as postsecondary admission criteria has been questioned. Participants included 251 students enrolled with GED certification as admission criteria to a small Mid-Atlantic college in the Spring 1997 semester. The influence of ACT, GED, literacy scores, learning and study skills, and the number of successfully completed developmental classes on grade point averages was researched. Students were interviewed to gain insight into students' perceptions of factors contributing to persistence in college. ACT scores were found to be good predictors of grade …

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Finite Element Analysis Of A Debonded Total Hip Stem., Venkatesh C. Saligrama Jan 1997

Finite Element Analysis Of A Debonded Total Hip Stem., Venkatesh C. Saligrama

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Loosening of total joint replacements continues to be a major mode of failure in cemented total joint arthroplasty. Clinical investigations report failure of the stem-cement interface after total hip replacement may be an important factor in loosening of hip prostheses. There are basically two design philosophies to reduce the risk of cemented stem failure: promote bonding (i.e. pre-coat, rough surface) and promote debonding (i.e. polished surface). The latter approach is examined in this study. The influence of stem-cement debonding and the viscoelasticity of the bone cement was investigated using a smooth tapered collarless stem. It has been hypothesized that the …

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A Laboratory Study Of The Geochemistry Of Anoxic Limestone Drains., Patrick Lynn Sterner Jan 1997

A Laboratory Study Of The Geochemistry Of Anoxic Limestone Drains., Patrick Lynn Sterner

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Treatment of acid mine drainage (AMD) through the use of anoxic limestone drains (ALDs) is a technology that has shown mixed success. Precipitation of solid phase materials, primarily Fe{dollar}\\sp{lcub}3+{rcub}{dollar} and Al{dollar}\\sp{lcub}3+{rcub}{dollar} hydroxides, inhibits limestone dissolution by presumably creating a barrier between the limestone surface and the AMD, which impedes neutralization at an optimum rate. A laboratory project was initiated to: monitor geochemical transformations of reactive species ({dollar}\\rm Al\\sp{lcub}3+{rcub},\\ Fe\\sp{lcub}3+{rcub}{dollar}, and SO{dollar}\\sb4\\sp{lcub}2-{rcub}{dollar}), determine solid phases controlling precipitation reactions, and determine a kinetic model for limestone dissolution in ALDs. Laboratory ALDs were constructed and filled with graded, washed limestone. Three sampling ports …

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Chromosome Aberrations, Their Distribution And Clonality In Radiation-Exposed And Unexposed Human Lymphocytes., Kirby Lawrence Johnson Jan 1997

Chromosome Aberrations, Their Distribution And Clonality In Radiation-Exposed And Unexposed Human Lymphocytes., Kirby Lawrence Johnson

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This work was conducted to determine the frequency and distribution of stable cytogenetic damage (translocations and insertions) in human lymphocytes using chromosome painting. Included were cells exposed to gamma radiation in vitro and selected individuals from a healthy unexposed California population (n = 27), and a population of Russians exposed during cleanup work the Chernobyl nuclear accident (n = 120) and Russian controls (n = 69). The in vitro results showed that the frequencies of radiation-induced stable aberrations in chromosomes 3, 5 and 6 were proportional to chromosome size. The results in the California population showed that the frequencies of …

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A Parametric Study Of Knock Control Strategies For A Bi-Fuel Engine., William Scott Wayne Jan 1997

A Parametric Study Of Knock Control Strategies For A Bi-Fuel Engine., William Scott Wayne

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

A numerical thermodynamic model was developed and employed to investigate the use of elevated compression ratios, variable valve timing, and ignition timing modulation as a means of controlling knock and improving the performance of a bi-fuel engine. The proposed strategy employed an increased compression ratio to boost power and torque when operating on natural gas. An increased intake duration and retarded ignition timing were then employed to control knock during gasoline operation. Dynamometer testing was performed on a 1.9 liter Saturn{dollar}\\sp\\circler{dollar} engine to provide empirical data for model calibration and to evaluate the effects of proposed changes on engine emissions. …

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The Relationship Of Demographic And Psychological Variables To Career Maturity Of Junior College Student-Athletes., Alan S. Kornspan Jan 1997

The Relationship Of Demographic And Psychological Variables To Career Maturity Of Junior College Student-Athletes., Alan S. Kornspan

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The purpose of this study was to investigate the career maturity of junior college student-athletes. Specifically investigated was the relationship of demographic (e.g., gender, age, race, and year in school) and psychological variables (e.g., athletic identity, career self-efficacy, and career development locus of control) and their relationship to career maturity. Participants included 259 (74 females and 178 males) junior-college student-athletes. Overall, 145 freshmen and 114 sophomores completed the survey. The majority of the participants (n = 185) were Caucasian and 74 were African-American. Each student-athlete completed a survey packet consisting of the demographic information questionnaire, the Career Maturity Inventory, the …

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The Ecology Of Darters In The Elk River, West Virginia., Stuart Andrew Welsh Jan 1997

The Ecology Of Darters In The Elk River, West Virginia., Stuart Andrew Welsh

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The darter fauna in the Elk River, West Virginia, is extremely diverse (18 species); however, few studies exist on its ecology. This dissertation, which consists of three manuscripts, provides data on the ecology of darters within the Elk River. In the first manuscript, I estimated allozyme variation in the Tippecanoe (Etheostoma tippecanoe) and golden (Etheostoma denoncourti) darters, fishes with extremely fragmented distributions. Despite our findings of low variation at 22 loci, frequency differences at Pgm and Pgdh separated E. tippecanoe and E. denoncourti. The second manuscript is a study of microhabitat use and partitioning in ten darter species. While snorkeling, …

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Vincennes: From French Colonial Village To American Frontier Town, 1730-1820., Denise Marie Wilson Jan 1997

Vincennes: From French Colonial Village To American Frontier Town, 1730-1820., Denise Marie Wilson

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This dissertation explores the social, political, and economic transitions which occurred among the French-Canadian inhabitants of Vincennes (in present-day southern Indiana) as the colonial French village became an American frontier town. Few studies in recent decades have explored the colonial history of the Middle West, and even fewer make the chronological transition from the Colonial Period to the Early National Period. This study investigates the changes experienced by the French when they became British subjects (in 1763) and American citizens (in 1783). It also contributes to a fuller understanding of midwestern history by showing how the normal process of pioneer …

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Effects Of Pattern Of Fsh On Follicular Growth And Ovulation And Relationships Between Histamine And Plasminogen Activator In The Ovulatory Process Of Gilts., David Jeffrey Wright Jan 1997

Effects Of Pattern Of Fsh On Follicular Growth And Ovulation And Relationships Between Histamine And Plasminogen Activator In The Ovulatory Process Of Gilts., David Jeffrey Wright

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Whether growth of large, ovulatory follicles differed after different modes of stimulation with FSH and whether growth was enhanced by exogenous LH were examined in prepubertal gilts. Gilts received either a single injection of 2 mg FSH at 0 h (SUPER-OV; AUSA International, Inc., Tyler, TX) or injections every 8 h (18 mg over 64 h) and either 10 {dollar}\\mu{dollar}g porcine LH (USDA-pLH-B2; Animal Hormone Program, Beltsville, MD.) with the first injection of FSH (n = 4 and 3, respectively) or no LH (n = 3 each). Number of follicles {dollar}\\geq{dollar}7 mm in diameter and ovarian weight did not differ …

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Interactions Between Genetically Distinct Retroviruses., Philip David Yin Jan 1997

Interactions Between Genetically Distinct Retroviruses., Philip David Yin

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Retroviruses can packaged two copies of their RNA genome into a single virion. If two different RNAs are co-packaged together, both strands can be used as templates to generate a single DNA provirus during reverse transcription. In this dissertation, we studied mechanisms that may allow genetically distinct retroviruses to exchange genetic information. First, we examined whether minus-strand DNA transfer could occur between R regions with diminished sequence homology. It was found the only very short stretches of homology were necessary and that minus-strand DNA transfer was not limited to the R region. Thus, it is possible that viruses with different …

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Lived Experiences Of Male Nursing Students With Caring., Patricia Jean Young Jan 1997

Lived Experiences Of Male Nursing Students With Caring., Patricia Jean Young

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Fifteen male nursing students from four baccalaureate nursing schools in West Virginia participated in this phenomenological study. The phenomena of interest was the lived experiences of male student nurses related to caring. Demographic data was obtained in the interview process. Semistructured interview questions were used in the individual interviews, which were all audiotaped. The methodology used was based on the Swanson-Kauffman and Schonwald method, which entailed the four step process of bracketing, analyzing, intuiting, and describing. Five themes were identified. The Primacy of Caring was the first theme. Characteristics of caring, the origins of caring, the lived experiences of caring …

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Aromatic Formation In Catalytic Cracking: A Study Using Model Compounds Over Astm Standard Catalysts., Ramesh B. Subramanian Jan 1997

Aromatic Formation In Catalytic Cracking: A Study Using Model Compounds Over Astm Standard Catalysts., Ramesh B. Subramanian

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The formation of aromatics during catalytic cracking was investigated using model compounds. Cracking reactions were carried out in a microactivity test (MAT) unit. Three ASTM standard catalysts, obtained from the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) were used for this work. Representative compounds were chosen to represent the following compound classes: linear and branched paraffin, linear and branched olefin and cycloparaffin. Cracking of a paraffin-olefin mixture was carried out to investigate synergistic effects if any. The dependence of aromatization reactions on cracking temperature was investigated. Characterization, separation and analysis of products was carried out using GC and GC-MS. In …

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Cascade Radical Cyclizations Via Biradicals Generated From (Z)-1,2,4-Heptatrien-6-Ynes And ((Z)-2-Alkynylethenyl)Ketenes., Anna Tarli Jan 1997

Cascade Radical Cyclizations Via Biradicals Generated From (Z)-1,2,4-Heptatrien-6-Ynes And ((Z)-2-Alkynylethenyl)Ketenes., Anna Tarli

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Four acyclic enyne-allenes were synthesized for subsequent chemical elaborations through biradical intermediates. When (Z)-7-methyl-3-propyl-3,5,6-octatrien-1-yne, (Z)-3-butyl-7-methyl-3,5,6-octatrien-1-yne, (Z)-7-methyl-3-(3-methylbutyl)-3,5,6-octatrien-1-yne, and (Z)-9-ethynyl-13-methyl-1,9,11,12-tetradecatetraene were stirred at rt for 18 h in benzene, they underwent facile Myers cycloaromatization reactions to provide {dollar}\\alpha{dollar},3-didehydrotoluene biradical species. Subsequent 1,5-hydrogen shift led to new biradicals species which afforded 7-(dimethylmethylene)spiro (3.5) nona-5,8-dienes via intramolecular radical-radical combination by attacking the ipso carbon of the benzene ring. Seven acyclic enediynyl ethyl ethers were prepared by the Pd(PPh{dollar}\\sb3)\\sb4{dollar}-catalyzed cross coupling between enynyl iodides and 2-ethoxyethynylzinc chloride. On heating to reflux in chlorobenzene for 3 h, the enediynyl ethyl ethers underwent an elimination of a …

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Regional Economic Effects Of University Research: A Spatial Econometric Perspective., Attila Varga Jan 1997

Regional Economic Effects Of University Research: A Spatial Econometric Perspective., Attila Varga

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

A sizable literature has documented the important role of universities in the development of the world's largest high technology concentrations: Stanford University in Silicon Valley, MIT in Boston and Cambridge University in Cambridge (U.K.). It is the fundamental research question of this dissertation to assess the extent to which local university knowledge impacts are unique, non-repeatable phenomena or whether they can be experienced in other regions as well. This dissertation represents the first study in the literature that provides a systematic, US-wide analysis of university-high technology connections at the lowest possible level of spatial aggregation. Its contributions are twofold: (1) …

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John S. Service And United States-China Relations, 1933--1945., Yufeng Wang Jan 1997

John S. Service And United States-China Relations, 1933--1945., Yufeng Wang

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This dissertation examines John S. Service's China career as a Foreign Service officer from 1933-45, and the impact of his diplomatic activities and political reports on Sino-American relations during World War II. It explores his dual heritage as an American missionary son who was born and bred in China, revealing how this American-Chinese experience affected his personality and diplomatic approach that proved to be critical in his distinctive life and career. World War II presented China and the United States with an unparalleled opportunity for close cooperation and the two countries worked to build an effective alliance, but the promising …

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Interface Load: Deformation Behavior Of Landfill Liner Systems Over Subsurface Cavities., Ghada Shaker Ellithy Jan 1997

Interface Load: Deformation Behavior Of Landfill Liner Systems Over Subsurface Cavities., Ghada Shaker Ellithy

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The leachate collection system and the double liner required by the EPA for solid and hazardous waste landfills consist typically of a combination of geosynthetics materials and natural or processed soils. This research is conducted to study the load-deformation behavior of a multi layered landfill liner system under stresses imposed by the waste fill. Experimental and analytical work achieved in this research is summarized as follows: (1) Experimental Evaluation of the shear stress-shear deformation characteristics of seven geosynthetic interfaces encountered in landfill lining systems in addition to four geosynthetic materials and three soils. The investigated materials included: Ottawa sand, kaoline …

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Isolation And Characterization Of The 22 Kd Subunit Of Gluconate Dehydrogenase Derived From Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Pao1., John David Gordon Jan 1997

Isolation And Characterization Of The 22 Kd Subunit Of Gluconate Dehydrogenase Derived From Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Pao1., John David Gordon

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Approximately 95-99% of soil phosphorous is unavailable to plants, with {dollar}\\sim{dollar}90% of phosphate fertilizers also being rendered unavailable upon application. 2-Ketogluconate (2KG) has been shown to solubilize insoluble phosphates in vitro. If plants themselves could solubilize the insoluble phosphate in the soil, this would greatly reduce the need for phosphate fertilizers. Two greenhouse experiments were conducted to examine in vitro and in situ solubilization of insoluble phosphates (calcium phosphate, RP, and iron phosphate, IP) with increasing concentrations of 2KG, as seen through plant (Lycopersicon esculentum) growth and Pi uptake. In the first experiment (in situ solubilization), water alone showed a …

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In Search Of Status: An Empirical Study Of Writing Centers In Four Academic Settings., Tracey Jane Johnson Jan 1997

In Search Of Status: An Empirical Study Of Writing Centers In Four Academic Settings., Tracey Jane Johnson

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This study sought to determine the overall status of writing centers in four academic settings: secondary school, two year college, four year college, university. To determine that status, this study examined the characteristics of writing centers in these settings and the issues faced by writing centers in these settings. To achieve these ends, the researcher engaged in survey research and open-ended interviews. The survey population came from the National Directory of Writing Centers. A 50% sample yielded 146 writing centers in all four settings. These centers received a survey instrument that examined seven areas of importance to writing centers: physical …

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Ion Currents And Proliferation In Mcf-7 Human Breast Cancer Cells., Ekaterina E. Klimatcheva Jan 1997

Ion Currents And Proliferation In Mcf-7 Human Breast Cancer Cells., Ekaterina E. Klimatcheva

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Previous work in our laboratory has demonstrated that in order to proliferate MCF-7 human breast cancer cells have to undergo a change of the membrane potential from a very depolarized to a more hyperpolarized. That change occurs at a hypothetical regulatory point located in early G1 phase, "D" control point. Potassium (K) channel antagonists quinidine, linogliride, glibenclamide, 4-aminopyridine (4-AP) and tetraethylammonium (TEA) inhibited MCF-7 cell proliferation. Among those blockers three (quinidine, linogliride and glibenclamide) also produced a reversible G0/G1 arrest. On the basis that these three drugs are antagonists of ATP-sensitive K (KA{dollar}\\sb{lcub}\\rm ATP{rcub}{dollar}) channels, we concluded that in MCF-7 …

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Conceptual Knowledge Of A Normative Life Event: The Impact Of Intellectual Ability, Age, Experience And Attachment On The Concept Of Death., Elizabeth Rooney Levelle Jan 1997

Conceptual Knowledge Of A Normative Life Event: The Impact Of Intellectual Ability, Age, Experience And Attachment On The Concept Of Death., Elizabeth Rooney Levelle

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The present study investigated differences in the conceptualization of death among children and adults with and without mental retardation (MR). Thirty-five adults (17 adults without MR, 18 adults with MR) and 29 children (21 children without MR, 8 children with MR) participated in the study. The study employed a 2 x 2 design with Age and MR as the factors. Participants completed several questionnaires, cognitive developmental tasks, and intelligence assessments. Results indicated that diagnosis of mental retardation was slightly more influential than chronological age in determining participants' responses about death. This effect was evident for the Universality and Causality components …

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Robust Design Optimization With Applications To Composite-Material Structures., Satheesh Makkapati Jan 1997

Robust Design Optimization With Applications To Composite-Material Structures., Satheesh Makkapati

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The problem of robust design and optimization for designs with varying operating conditions is considered in this work. A robust design optimization tool (RDOT) has been developed in this work. The tool is constructed with building blocks: an Artificial Neural Network, a Response Evaluator (e.g., FEA, etc.), an Optimizer based on Quadratic Programming, Cooperative Game Theory, Design of Experiments, and Taguchi Methods. The tool is fully codified into a computer program, and it demands very little designer insight into the problem under consideration. Design optimization is necessary to efficiently accomplish a design that, while satisfying the desired functionality, also uses …

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Stimulus Control Of Human Punished Behavior: Testing For Generalization., Jennifer Marie O'Donnell Jan 1997

Stimulus Control Of Human Punished Behavior: Testing For Generalization., Jennifer Marie O'Donnell

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Punishment may decrease the rate of unpunished behavior (i.e., punishment effects may generalize). Only a few studies with animals (e.g., Honig & Slivka, 1964) have investigated the stimulus generalization of punishment effects, or how they vary systematically with physical properties of stimuli. In a recent study with humans (O'Donnell & Crosbie, in press), each response in the presence of one horizontal line was punished, and generalization of punishment was tested in the presence of nine other lines that differed only in length. Generalization gradients were not obtained, most likely because the punisher became the discriminative stimulus for punishment conditions, thus …

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Analysis And Design Optimization Of Fiber-Reinforced Plastic (Frp) Structural Beams., Pizhong Qiao Jan 1997

Analysis And Design Optimization Of Fiber-Reinforced Plastic (Frp) Structural Beams., Pizhong Qiao

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Considering current and future applications of composite materials in civil engineering structures, a need exists for developing a design analysis and optimization approach for FRP shapes to improve their performance efficiency and competitiveness in relation to conventional materials. An analytical approach for design of pultruded FRP shapes under bending is proposed, and based on this approach, a computer program is developed to carry out the analysis of FRP sections. This analytical approach combines micro/macromechanics analyses with the Mechanics of thin-walled Laminated composite Beam model (MLB) to evaluate the response of existing pultruded FRP beams. Based on buckling analyses of individual …

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