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Stimulus Control Of Human Punished Behavior: Testing For Generalization., Jennifer Marie O'Donnell
Stimulus Control Of Human Punished Behavior: Testing For Generalization., Jennifer Marie O'Donnell
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Punishment may decrease the rate of unpunished behavior (i.e., punishment effects may generalize). Only a few studies with animals (e.g., Honig & Slivka, 1964) have investigated the stimulus generalization of punishment effects, or how they vary systematically with physical properties of stimuli. In a recent study with humans (O'Donnell & Crosbie, in press), each response in the presence of one horizontal line was punished, and generalization of punishment was tested in the presence of nine other lines that differed only in length. Generalization gradients were not obtained, most likely because the punisher became the discriminative stimulus for punishment conditions, thus …
Crime And The Nation: Prison Reform And Popular Fiction In Philadelphia, 1786-1800., Peter Thomas Okun
Crime And The Nation: Prison Reform And Popular Fiction In Philadelphia, 1786-1800., Peter Thomas Okun
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
The prison reformers and fiction writers of post-Revolutionary Philadelphia wrote prodigiously about crime and punishment. In a correlative study, I explore juridical topoi in reformist and fictive texts familiar to republican Philadelphians. My analysis assumes a public sphere of writers and readers: while late eighteenth-century prison reforms and fictions came out of separate signifying systems, there was considerable promiscuity between them. I group areas of overlap around cultural concerns (science, murder, sex) and representational "spaces" (home, prison, nation). In either discourse, crime and punishment were useful to a post-Revolutionary aesthetic of nationalism. The scientific rhetoric of penitentiary punishment targeted the …
Regulatory Takings: Lobbying, Coalitions, And Influence., Randolph Rutherford Moffett
Regulatory Takings: Lobbying, Coalitions, And Influence., Randolph Rutherford Moffett
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
There is a substantial body of literature examining the role of interest groups and their influence in the policy process. What is less clear is the decision-making process of groups in selecting strategies to advance their goals and how the choice of tactics impacts the behavior of other groups within the policy area. This dissertation examines what influences the choice of lobbying strategies in an attempt to understand whether certain types of groups favor particular strategies, how they use the policy process to influence policy decisions, and how successful they are in their choice of strategy. This study examines the …
Identification And Analysis Of Communication Patterns In An Ihe With A Downsized Unit., William Earl Noone
Identification And Analysis Of Communication Patterns In An Ihe With A Downsized Unit., William Earl Noone
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
This dissertation is a case study of the University of Maryland at College Park for the purpose of analyzing the communication patterns that may have been responsible for the success of UMCP's downsizing process. On campus interviews with key persons were conducted to identify the flow of communication through the UMCP authority hierarchy. The findings of this study indicated that the communication, that appears to have had a positive effect on the success of the process at the UMCP, is manifest at the decision making level and between and among the decision making bodies that are in operation on the …
Behaviorological Analysis And Evaluation Of Functional Controls Over Verbal Behavior During Persuasive Argument., Barbara Ann Fallon
Behaviorological Analysis And Evaluation Of Functional Controls Over Verbal Behavior During Persuasive Argument., Barbara Ann Fallon
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Both academic and business communities are concerned about how the conduct of argument affects decisions made by small groups. While most parties with experience in argument have intuitive ideas about why argument occurs as it does, empirical evidence is seldom available. This multi-subject single-case investigation identifies relations among kinds of statements made during persuasive argument. Argument was conducted during five separate experimental sessions between different pairs of people. The participants in the study were five native English speaking West Virginia University graduate students. The data sets from each argument allowed comparison of intervention effects within and across experimental sessions. Data …
Molecular Analyses Of Motility And Chemotaxis Genes And Their Organization In Borrelia Burgdorferi., Yigong Ge
Molecular Analyses Of Motility And Chemotaxis Genes And Their Organization In Borrelia Burgdorferi., Yigong Ge
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Motility and chemotaxis have been considered as important candidates for the study of virulence in many pathogenic spirochetes, including B. burgdorferi. Little is known about the underlying mechanisms of motility and chemotaxis. In this study, we have carried out an extensive search for the motility and chemotaxis genes in B. burgdorferi. The unique technique of "semi-random PCR chromosome walking" was developed and used to clone several large motility and chemotaxis gene clusters. Together with the previously reported flaB and flgE genes, 38 motility and chemotaxis related genes (more than 36 kb) were identified. These genes demonstrated extensive homology with their …
The Process Of Home-Based Early Intervention: A Case Study Of A Family Educator In An Appalachian Community., Carole Ann Gnatuk
The Process Of Home-Based Early Intervention: A Case Study Of A Family Educator In An Appalachian Community., Carole Ann Gnatuk
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Many parents need support and intervention from the community to realize their essential role as their young children's primary teachers. Home visitation is one type of family support program that supplies that need. Although some measurable outcomes for children and parents in such programs have been noted, the dynamics of the action between the catalyst for development, the family educator, and family members cannot be measured quantitatively. Programming and funding decisions can be made with more accuracy if the rich human interactions are systematically narrated and thus appreciated as essential data. The research literature contains few qualitative studies focusing on …
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Studies Of Hydrogen-Bonded Solids., Alexander Nikol Klymachyov
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Studies Of Hydrogen-Bonded Solids., Alexander Nikol Klymachyov
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
This dissertation focused on two aspects of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) techniques in the solid state: (i) the possibility of enhancing the NMR spectral resolution via utilization of single crystals (instead of powders) in the magic angle spinning experiments, and (ii) application of this methodology as a new probe in the studies of the microscopic mechanism of solid-solid phase transitions in hydrogen-bonded solids. The bulk of the studies employed a CMX 360 NMR spectrometer with multinuclear double-resonance probes, operating at 360 MHz for protons, and variable temperatures over the range of {dollar}-{dollar}150 to 250{dollar}\\sp\\circ{dollar}C. The samples investigated were squaric acid …
A Study Of Job Satisfaction Of Female Public School Administrators In West Virginia., Teresa R. Hardman
A Study Of Job Satisfaction Of Female Public School Administrators In West Virginia., Teresa R. Hardman
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between both the demographic characteristics and the personality type of females in administrative positions in the West Virginia public school systems, and the extent to which those administrators expressed satisfaction in their positions. The total population of 324 female public school administrators in West Virginia were surveyed. Each participant was mailed a survey packet containing a cover letter, a demographics sheet and two questionnaires. The demographics sheet, a Survey of West Virginia Female Public School Administrators, was adapted from previous surveys (Hawthorne, 1985; Hutchens, 1990; Mauter, 1980). The questionnaires used …
Acoustic Emission Monitoring Of Concrete Structures Using Waveguides., Yidong Eddie He
Acoustic Emission Monitoring Of Concrete Structures Using Waveguides., Yidong Eddie He
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
This study is to develop acoustic waveguides for Acoustic Emission (A.E.) monitoring of concrete structures, in order to overcome the difficulty of high acoustic attenuation in concrete. Solid embedded waveguides, liquid-filled embedded waveguides and solid surface waveguides have been developed in this study. An analytical model of a waveguide with infinitely thick cladding was used to study the wave propagation in an embedded solid waveguide. The analysis revealed the guideline to construct an ideal embedded waveguide with efficient acoustic transmission, that is the existence of a real wavenumber. An embedded waveguide fulfilling the above criterion has not been constructed physically …
Mechanisms Of Absorption And Metabolism Of Peptide Drugs In The Lung., Meenakshi G. Bhat
Mechanisms Of Absorption And Metabolism Of Peptide Drugs In The Lung., Meenakshi G. Bhat
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
The pulmonary delivery of peptide drugs involves an understanding of the barriers to absorption which include poor permeability, potential activation of alveolar macrophages (AMs) and enzymatic degradation. The aim of the study is to develop methodologies to study the relative nature of respiratory tract epithelia. The dynamics of its regulation are also studied for examining the feasibility of achieving reversible increases in paracellular permeability. Transepithelial electrical resistance (TER) measurements coupled with flux studies of C-14 Mannitol were conducted employing isolated epithelial tissue from rabbits for estimation of comparative permeabilities. The dynamics of paracellular permeability was studied employing 0.1 mM cytochalasin …
Cad For Roll Forming Process., Sankar Rao Nallapati
Cad For Roll Forming Process., Sankar Rao Nallapati
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Roll forming is a high production process for forming sheet metal into desired uniform cross-sectional shapes by feeding the metal through successive sets of rotating tools known as form tools. Several parameters, both quantitative and qualitative, ought to be considered while designing roll forming tools, such as section geometry, material properties of the product, number of forming stages, operation sequence, mill parameters and roll profiles. The conventional design methods, however, do not account properly for the interactions between important mechanical and geometrical properties and consequently they may lead to improper flower pattern sequence and roll profiles for the form tools. …
The Construction And Validation Of A Scale To Measure A Spiritual Perspective., Nicholas Charles Neupauer
The Construction And Validation Of A Scale To Measure A Spiritual Perspective., Nicholas Charles Neupauer
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
The mental state, physical being and social/emotional portion of the learner has been part of the education process since 427 B.C. Although the spiritual dimension has not received much attention in the education literature, it seems as if more and more educators are becoming interested in the phenomenon as we head into the 21st century. Educators seemingly enjoy talking about the dimension and wish to include such a perspective in the curricula, but this researcher did not discovered a spirituality measurement in the field of education existing in the literature. Related scales that existed correlated spirituality with religiosity. The purpose …
Stress, Social Support, And Burnout In Nursing Home Staff., Lynn Marie Northrop
Stress, Social Support, And Burnout In Nursing Home Staff., Lynn Marie Northrop
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Burnout represents a danger to the mental and physical health of human-service workers. Burnout often diminishes the quality and efficiency of service provided by workers and thus represents a danger to service recipients and a cost to employers. Repeated studies suggest that workers who report higher levels of job stress and lower levels of social support are more likely to report higher levels of burnout. Nursing home staff are subject to considerable occupational stress and report high levels of burnout. The extant literature does not address the relations between stress, support, and burnout in these workers. In the present study …
Mitigation Of Blast Effects With Geogrid-Reinforced Soil Backfills., Alan Paul Ohrt
Mitigation Of Blast Effects With Geogrid-Reinforced Soil Backfills., Alan Paul Ohrt
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Several military attack scenarios involve the detonation of explosive in the soil backfill surrounding a target structure. In this study, experiments and numerical simulations were performed to determine if the enhanced mechanical properties of geogrid-reinforced soil backfills could mitigate blast effects from buried explosions. The dynamic response of an explosively-loaded, geogrid-reinforced sand was successfully characterized, identifying and quantifying certain blast mitigating effects. Six high explosive experiments were conducted, each involving a 0.91 kg nitromethane explosive charge placed at 76.2 cm depth within a test pit of compacted fill. Two experiments were unreinforced, serving as control tests. Three experiments were conducted …
The Americans With Disabilities Act: Considerations For Dental Admissions And Accommodations., Shelia S. Price
The Americans With Disabilities Act: Considerations For Dental Admissions And Accommodations., Shelia S. Price
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
To assist U.S. dental schools/colleges in meeting the mandates of the ADA, this study examined the key findings in relevant court cases, explored accommodations that are being made by dental programs, investigated barriers encountered when providing accommodations, and gathered data on admission policies, criteria and procedures. In 1995 a mail survey of all U.S. dental schools/colleges was conducted (N = 54). Forty-five completed questionnaires were returned, yielding 83 percent response. Six dental programs have adopted technical standards. The major skill areas addressed in each of these documents are communication; observation; intellectual-conceptual, integrative and quantitative; behavioral and emotional; and motor abilities. …
Repeated Reading Intervention Using Taped Books To Increase Emergent Literacy Skills With Children At-Risk., Laura Anne Reissner
Repeated Reading Intervention Using Taped Books To Increase Emergent Literacy Skills With Children At-Risk., Laura Anne Reissner
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Providing children at-risk for reading difficulties with books and video tapes gives children the exposure to print which may be lacking in home and early school experiences. The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy of using books on tape to provide print experiences to children at-risk for reading difficulty. Two treatments were provided using books on video and audio tape. Sixty-three children who participated in a kindergarten or first grade Title 1 program in Taylor County, West Virginia were randomly assigned to one of three conditions, books on audio tape, books on video tape, or control group. …
Should Coaches Administer Psychological Interventions To Their Athletes?, Timothy Scott Rice
Should Coaches Administer Psychological Interventions To Their Athletes?, Timothy Scott Rice
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
The study's intents were two-fold: (1) to examine Association for the Advancement of Applied Sport Psychology (AAASP) members' perceptions regarding the acceptability of coaches delivering psychological interventions (PI) to their athletes; and (2) to determine what PI, if any, coaches are administering to their athletes. AAASP members were mailed a survey with a 67.77% (N = 143) return rate. A separate questionnaire was mailed to National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division I baseball (N = 145; 37.08%), softball (N = 131, 60.37%), and tennis (N = 431; 65.11%) coaches. AAASP participants were mailed a second questionnaire (N = 106; 74%) …
Nucleation And Growth Studies Relevant To Diamond Thin Film Synthesis., John Michael Lannon
Nucleation And Growth Studies Relevant To Diamond Thin Film Synthesis., John Michael Lannon
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Studies of diamond nucleation and growth were conducted with molecular and ionic gas species in an ultra-high vacuum system. Thermal interactions of C{dollar}\\rm\\sb2H\\sb4{dollar} on Si(100) 2 x 1 surfaces held at 1000 K produced carbon films comprised of SiC, sp{dollar}\\sp2{dollar}-C, and sp{dollar}\\sp3{dollar}-C, as determined using Auger electron spectroscopy. The presence of elemental Si on the surface throughout the growth process indicated that a surfactant mediated growth process, with Si as the surfactant, was responsible for both SiC and sp{dollar}\\sp3{dollar}-C growth. The presence of sp{dollar}\\sp2{dollar}-C in the films was most likely due to interfacial strain effects. Medium energy (500 eV) methyl …
Clinical Assessment And Random Error Reduction Related To The Acoustic Reflection Technique., Jerry Keith Legg
Clinical Assessment And Random Error Reduction Related To The Acoustic Reflection Technique., Jerry Keith Legg
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Published research has shown that a simple SCUBA-type mouthpiece may effectively be used in conjunction with an acoustic impedance tube to perform an acoustic reflection test which is thought to well characterize cross-sectional area changes in the larger airways of human subjects. The test, however, has only been performed on the researchers themselves. To test the applicability of the technique in the clinical setting, acoustic testing was conducted on a population of known asthmatic subjects and age-matched controls. It is shown that the SCUBA-type mouthpiece is not appropriate for general population testing. An enhanced mouthpiece is required which both prevents …
A Neural Network Approach For Implementing A High Dimension Reduction Feature Finder For Automatic Image Matching., Qiang Lin
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
This dissertation explores the Counter Propagation Network (CPN) to implement an image feature finder for automatic image matching systems. This research concludes that the CPN paradigm does not appear to be capable of extracting distinctive features for matching complex images such as fingerprints. There are three possible factors explored in the document that contribute to this inability to match. These are: (1) Image Enhancement - Most of fingerprint images have certain levels of localized blur or smear, locally low contrast, or other noise. Currently available image enhancement methods are shown to not suppress these noises effectively. (2) Image Invariance - …
Student Nurses' Lived Experiences As Compassionate Healers To Suffering Patients., Brenda Sue Lohri-Posey
Student Nurses' Lived Experiences As Compassionate Healers To Suffering Patients., Brenda Sue Lohri-Posey
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
This research study investigated the meanings student nurses were forming in caring for suffering patients. Participants for this study were senior nursing students in a diploma school of nursing for registered nurses in Western Pennsylvania. The study used a phenomenological research design. Fifteen student nurses were interviewed and audiotaped to determine their experiences in providing compassionate healing to suffering patients during their educational experience at the school. The students were also asked to complete a demographic questionnaire and provide a picture of compassionate healing which had meaning for them. The study was conducted in the school of nursing building in …
The Relationship Between Self-Perceived Educational Philosophy Profile Of Public Community College Presidents And Their Self-Perceived Leadership Style., Frederick Dean Lucas
The Relationship Between Self-Perceived Educational Philosophy Profile Of Public Community College Presidents And Their Self-Perceived Leadership Style., Frederick Dean Lucas
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
This study was designed to examine the relationship between the self-perceived educational philosophy profile of public community college presidents and their self-perceived leadership styles. The population consisted of 209 community college presidents identified by mailing labels from the American Association of Community and Junior Colleges who were serving in public institutions in the United States listed in the AACJC Membership Directory 1993. A proportional, stratified, random sample was conducted of 209 presidents. A cover letter, demographic survey, the Leadership Behavior Description Questionnaire-Self, and Philosophical Instrument were mailed to each subject. Overall, 111 of the presidents responded. Of these, 105 were …
A Survey Of Physical Fitness Knowledge Among Preservice And Inservice Physical Educators., Michael Gene Miller
A Survey Of Physical Fitness Knowledge Among Preservice And Inservice Physical Educators., Michael Gene Miller
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
The purpose of this study was to determine the physical fitness knowledge of physical educators. Eight groups participated in this study. There were 14 block one students, 17 block three students, 12 block five students, 11 block seven students, 10 basic instruction physical education graduate students. There were 23 inservice physical educators (11 elementary physical educators and 12 secondary physical educators) and 11 exercise physiology master students. A forty question multiple choice test covering the domains of body composition, flexibility, muscular strength, muscular endurance, and cardiovascular conditioning were administered to the groups of participants. Total scores for the test revealed …
Trade And Development: Special Application To Malaysia, 1960-1990., Thamir M. Salih
Trade And Development: Special Application To Malaysia, 1960-1990., Thamir M. Salih
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Malaysia is a developing country located in South East Asia. Malaysia has a rich natural-resource base and is a trade-oriented society. Between 1960 and 1990, Malaysia's GDP increased more than seven fold and per capita income also increased considerably. The relative importance of sectoral shares of output and employment shifted from the primary (agricultural) sector towards the secondary and tertiary sectors. The objective of this study is to investigate the factors that have contributed to the rapid development of the Malaysian economy and, thus, determine how the Malaysian economy has been transformed from a low level equilibrium to a high …
Evaluation Of Mineral Project Using Simulation And Expert System: "A Case For A Gold Mine Evaluation"., Saied Sarkarat
Evaluation Of Mineral Project Using Simulation And Expert System: "A Case For A Gold Mine Evaluation"., Saied Sarkarat
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Discounted cash flow analysis (DCF) is the most common evaluation method used to evaluate capital investment. However, this method is static in nature and does not recognize the existence of managerial flexibility. An evaluation method that recognizes managerial flexibility is desired and may be obtained by the development of an investment and operational simulation coupled with an expert system. An investment simulation was developed using a gold mine as an example with stochastic output price and a combination of conventional cash flow analysis and an expert system. Actual gold prices from 1973 to 1984 were used as the historical data …
Validation Of The Slide Board As An Exercise Modality., Randal Paul Schober
Validation Of The Slide Board As An Exercise Modality., Randal Paul Schober
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
The purpose of this study was to monitor physiological responses of children in grades 4 and 5 during incremental tests on slide board and bicycle exercise and to determine whether children enjoy the slide board as a fitness activity. Twenty healthy subjects (10M, 10F; 10.1 {dollar}\\pm{dollar}.72 yrs) completed maximum continuous tests in 3 minute stages on the slide board, beginning at 40 slides/min, increasing by 10 slides/min each stage; and on the bicycle beginning at 25 watts, increasing by 25 watts each stage. Heart rate (HR), blood pressure, VO{dollar}\\sb2{dollar}, and rating of perceived exertion (CERT) were measured at each stage. …
Development Of Cost-Based Multi-Defect-Type Control Chart Using Fuzzy Set Theory., Mustafa Saadeddin Shraim
Development Of Cost-Based Multi-Defect-Type Control Chart Using Fuzzy Set Theory., Mustafa Saadeddin Shraim
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Traditional attribute control charts for nonconformities or defects, such as c or u charts, assume that all defect types are binary in nature. However, some defect types have varying degree of seriousness within them. As a result, the plotted value on the control chart may not capture the true quality status of the product in question. Moreover, in many situations, large products may have multiple types of defects. These defects may be different from one another in terms of their severity. The classification process in attribute inspection tasks for the traditional control charts does not consider the variability within some …
Expressive Endeavors Utilizing Advanced And Emerging Technical Means., Paul Louis Siciliano
Expressive Endeavors Utilizing Advanced And Emerging Technical Means., Paul Louis Siciliano
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Throughout most of known human existence the processes, materials and tools of production were available to individuals involved in both utilitarian and expressive work. Since the Renaissance, however, the exponential growth and sophistication of technology has made it impossible for the majority of artists to gain access to many potential tools for expression. Despite the complexity of myriad technical means, some individuals have been successful in utilizing advanced technologies for expressive purposes. The purpose of this study was to examine the methods these individuals employed to access and apply sophisticated technologies for expressive production. A qualitative research methodology consisting of …
The Role Of The President At Small Religious Colleges., Mark Alan Smith
The Role Of The President At Small Religious Colleges., Mark Alan Smith
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
The purpose of this study was to compare the perceptions of small religious college presidents and board chairpersons with regard to twenty one selected presidential roles. Presidents and board chairpersons from one hundred and fifty (150) small religious colleges and universities were randomly selected to respond to the Presidential Roles Survey. Usable survey instruments were returned by 91 of the 150 presidents (61%), and 75 of the 150 board chairpersons (50%). These responses came from 100 of the 150 institutions (66%) that were surveyed. This study showed that presidents and board chairpersons of small religious colleges were a very educated …