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The Mechanisms Of Ethanol-Induced Damage To The Developing Cerebellum: Effects On The Cerebellar Granule Cells., Zheng Li Jan 2003

The Mechanisms Of Ethanol-Induced Damage To The Developing Cerebellum: Effects On The Cerebellar Granule Cells., Zheng Li

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Alcohol exposure causes developmental abnormality known as Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS), featured with central nervous system (CNS) dysfunction. The cerebellum is vulnerable to ethanol toxicity. Developmental exposure to ethanol depletes the number of cerebellar granule cells; however, the underlying mechanisms are unknown. A potential mechanism for ethanol-induced neuronal depletion is to reduce the pool of neuronal progenitors. The progression of the cell cycle is regulated by a family of protein kinases called cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs). We hypothesize that ethanol interferes with the CDK system and disrupts the cell cycle kinetics in cerebellar granule progenitors (CGPs). Pregnant rats were fed ad …

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A New Model For The Assessment Of Nonpoint Source Pollution Using Gis And Virtual Intelligence., Seyed Razi Gaskari Jan 2003

A New Model For The Assessment Of Nonpoint Source Pollution Using Gis And Virtual Intelligence., Seyed Razi Gaskari

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Today, nonpoint source (NPS) pollution remains as the leading cause of water quality problems in the United States (USEPA, 1996). The most common NPS pollutants are sediment (i.e. total suspended solids, TSS) and nutrients (i.e. total nitrogen, TN). These wash into water bodies from agricultural land, construction sites, and other areas of disturbance. To develop the virtual non-point source assessment system (VNPSAS) model, monitoring gauges were selected for data extraction from West Virginia and also the western part of Virginia. A geographic information system (GIS) was used as a productive environment for data extraction and spatial analysis. The information for …

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The Role Of Retrochiasmatic Neurons In Seasonal Breeding In The Ewe., Steven L. Hardy Jan 2003

The Role Of Retrochiasmatic Neurons In Seasonal Breeding In The Ewe., Steven L. Hardy

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

A seasonal change in GnRH secretion is well documented in sheep. An alteration in the estradiol (E2) negative feedback mechanism is thought to promote ovarian quiescence via GnRH inhibition during spring and summer months in response to changes in day length. It is evident that the hypothalamus becomes hypersensitive to E2 during this time, but the mechanism driving the shift is not completely understood. However, it is clear that A15 dopaminergic (DA) neurons in the retrochiasmatic area (RCh) play a key role in these seasonal changes. These neurons mediated E2 negative feedback in anestrus, but do not respond to E2 …

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Prediction Of Treatment Dropouts From Outpatient Substance Abuse Rehabilitation: A Discriminant Analysis., Phyllis J. Harner-Neer Jan 2003

Prediction Of Treatment Dropouts From Outpatient Substance Abuse Rehabilitation: A Discriminant Analysis., Phyllis J. Harner-Neer

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Significant research literature supports the need for programs better designed to meet the needs of adolescent substance treatment. There is little research, however, that addresses the identification of characteristics of those adolescents who do not complete treatment. Consequently, this study seeks to identify those characteristics of adolescents by segueing off of another study that proved successful in identifying characteristics among inpatient adult male substance abusers. This study looks at the archival data of 38 adolescents who attended outpatient substance abuse treatment at an experientially-based, substance abuse program designed for adolescents. Methodological processes included the use of demographic variables collected through …

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Surface Mines As Landscape Features: Contrasting Microclimate And Forest Composition Among Open, Edge And Interior., Sheila A. Kazar Jan 2003

Surface Mines As Landscape Features: Contrasting Microclimate And Forest Composition Among Open, Edge And Interior., Sheila A. Kazar

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Surface mining disturbs thousands of hectares of forest every year in the Appalachian region resulting in the creation of forest edges. In this study, variability in air temperature and moisture, soil temperature and moisture, photosynthetically active radiation and wind velocity are quantified for open, edge and interior environments of reclaimed surface mines in north central West Virginia. Tree species composition, soil pH and compaction were also examined. Mean daily air and soil temperature, wind velocity and photosynthetically active radiation are lower, and soil and air moisture higher inside the forest than in the open or at the edge. Soil temperature, …

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Making Instructional Decisions: What Teacher Specialists Decide About And Do For Middle School Students With Reading Difficulty., Frances Laurel Boyd Jan 2003

Making Instructional Decisions: What Teacher Specialists Decide About And Do For Middle School Students With Reading Difficulty., Frances Laurel Boyd

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Concern about the efficacy of American education programs in reading is noted. Amid conflicting reports of what is wrong with American schools, steps must be taken which allow for growth among reading educators, especially those who work with older students who have not yet achieved grade appropriate reading skills. However, those who provide support programs need a body of information which allows them to address real needs that teachers have. The voice of teachers is under represented in program planning, yet could provide information crucial to the development of the most beneficial training and support programs. This study investigated the …

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Fictions Of Nature: Ecology, Science, And Culture In Twentieth-Century British Literature., Neal Bukeavich Jan 2003

Fictions Of Nature: Ecology, Science, And Culture In Twentieth-Century British Literature., Neal Bukeavich

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This dissertation examines twentieth-century British fiction concerned with humankind's interactions with the nonhuman world. I analyze a range of literary works, including H. G. Wells's The Food of the Gods (1903), D. H. Lawrence's The Rainbow (1915), Women in Love (1920), and Lady Chatterley's Lover (1928), John Brunner's Stand on Zanzibar (1968), Graham Swift's Waterland (1983), and J. G. Ballard's Rushing to Paradise (1994). This body of literature remains largely unexamined for its treatments of ecological issues and belongs to a national history deeply implicated in local and global environmental change. Moreover, my consideration of this literary tradition marks a …

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A Comparison Of Demineralization Between Self-Etching Primer And Conventional Sealant: An In Vitro Study., Nihar D. Tanna Jan 2003

A Comparison Of Demineralization Between Self-Etching Primer And Conventional Sealant: An In Vitro Study., Nihar D. Tanna

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The purpose of this in vitro study is to compare the resistance to demineralization between a self etching primer (SEP) and a conventional sealant. 120 tooth samples were assigned to 3 groups: SEP, Sealant, or a Control group with no treatment. After 48 or 72 hours of acidic challenge with ten Cateís solution, 200 µm sections were evaluated for the incidence of lesion, lesion depth, area and total fluorescence using confocal microscopy. Statistical analysis was performed using ANOVA. Incidence of lesion was 100% in the SEP and Control group and 50% in the Sealant group. Lesion depth (149.9 µm), area …

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Technological Evaluation Of Mineral Sequestration Of Carbon Dioxide By Carbonation., Xinchao Wei Jan 2003

Technological Evaluation Of Mineral Sequestration Of Carbon Dioxide By Carbonation., Xinchao Wei

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Increase in CO2 emissions has led to development of various mitigation technologies for avoiding CO2 building up in the atmosphere. One of CO2 sequestration technologies is mineral sequestration, a way of permanent storage of CO2 in solid minerals. This technology attracts the attention of many investigators to study and develop various carbonation approaches. The chemistry and thermodynamic studies show that mineral carbonation reactions with silicate minerals are spontaneous and exothermic. A variety of measures are needed to enhance the carbonation kinetics. The main minerals used for mineral sequestration are serpentine and olivine, which exist in vast quantities worldwide. Implementation of …

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Modeling Direct Farm Marketing In West Virginia: A Spatial, Policy, And Profitability Analysis., Jesse Ernest Gandee Jan 2003

Modeling Direct Farm Marketing In West Virginia: A Spatial, Policy, And Profitability Analysis., Jesse Ernest Gandee

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This analysis uses economic modeling techniques to analyze direct farm marketing sales, profits, and public policy in West Virginia. To investigate factors that affect county direct farm marketing, the impact of consumer demographic, land, and spatial variables upon county direct farm marketing sales is tested. The results reveal that income, education, land characteristics, and adjacent metropolitan areas influence direct farm marketing sales. An Input-Output (I-O) model is used to analyze a direct farm marketing public policy in the Mountain State. The results from the model portray a disproportionate amount of West Virginia food production contributing to marketing services and a …

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Comparison Of The Effectiveness Of 2% Lidocaine With 1:100,000 Epi Vs 4% Articaine With 1:100,000 Epi On Teeth With Irreversible Pulpitis., Dean S. Elattrache Jan 2003

Comparison Of The Effectiveness Of 2% Lidocaine With 1:100,000 Epi Vs 4% Articaine With 1:100,000 Epi On Teeth With Irreversible Pulpitis., Dean S. Elattrache

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This study compared the effectiveness of 2% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine, with 4% articaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine, on teeth diagnosed with irreversible pulpitis. 39 cases were selected where 19 received 2% lidocaine and 20 received 4% articaine. Once a diagnosis of irreversible pulpitis was confirmed and a nerve block with 2% lidocaine was administered for mandibular teeth only, either the lidocaine or articaine local anesthetic was chosen for buccal and lingual infiltrations. After 5 minutes the evaluation of anesthesia was determined in 3 stages. Stage 1: Endo Ice retest prior to access preparation, Stage 2: Access preparation, and Stage 3: …

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The Impact Of Past Dating Relationship Solidarity On Commitment, Satisfaction, Investment And Maintenance In Current Relationships., Andy J. Merolla Jan 2003

The Impact Of Past Dating Relationship Solidarity On Commitment, Satisfaction, Investment And Maintenance In Current Relationships., Andy J. Merolla

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The purpose of this study was to determine how previous romantic relationships impact subsequent romantic relationships. Specifically, this study examined if past relationship solidarity is related to current relationship commitment, satisfaction, investment, and maintenance behavior usage among individuals in dating relationships. Participants were 204 undergraduates at an Eastern university who were currently in a dating relationship. Results indicated that past relationship solidarity is significantly and negatively related to current relationship commitment and satisfaction, but not significantly related to current investment or maintenance behavior usage. Several mediating variables were also examined, including the nature and attribution of individuals’ breakups, the length …

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Physical Activity Perceptions In Adolescents: A Qualitative Analysis., Lindsey M. Parker Jan 2003

Physical Activity Perceptions In Adolescents: A Qualitative Analysis., Lindsey M. Parker

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The purpose of this research was to investigate adolescent perceptions of overweight and physical activity. Focus groups were used to collect information. Eight age- and gender- specific focus groups consisting of 48 participants (10 middle school males, 10 middle school females, 15 high school males, and 13 high school females). Perceptions of overweight, benefits, barriers and facilitators to being physically active were gathered among the groups and compared using age and gender. Males and females were found to differ in their overweight perceptions, perceived benefits of physical activity, their activity preferences, and barriers to physical activity. High school aged adolescents …

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Uric Acid As An Antioxidant And The Effect Of Changes In Plasma Uric Acid Concentrations On Broiler Susceptibility To Ascites, And, The Effect Of Diet And Strain On Growth, Feed Efficiency, And Amino Acid Retention In Hybrid Bluegill., Beth M. Stinefelt Jan 2003

Uric Acid As An Antioxidant And The Effect Of Changes In Plasma Uric Acid Concentrations On Broiler Susceptibility To Ascites, And, The Effect Of Diet And Strain On Growth, Feed Efficiency, And Amino Acid Retention In Hybrid Bluegill., Beth M. Stinefelt

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Study one investigated the ability of uric acid (UA) to scavenge reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the ability of UA to protect against ROS-mediated damage. Hydroxyl and superoxide radical ESR signals were reduced by addition of UA (P< 0.05). UA prevented lipid peroxidation in RAW 264.7 cells exposed to silica (P< 0.015). UA inhibited hydroxyl-mediated damage to λ Hind III DNA. The objective of study two was to determine the effect of changes in plasma UA (PUA) on growth and ascites development in broilers. Chicks were fed a grower diet supplemented with 0.5 moles inosine/kg feed to raise PUA, 15 mg allopurinol/kg body weight/day to lower PUA, or a control diet. Birds were housed in two environmental chambers; one had conditions to promote ascites while the second was held at standard conditions. Although dietary treatment had an effect on PUA, no effect of diet on performance or development of ascites was observed.

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An Economic Analysis Of Pasture-Raised Beef Systems In Appalachia., Jason R. Evans Jan 2003

An Economic Analysis Of Pasture-Raised Beef Systems In Appalachia., Jason R. Evans

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Cow-calf operations are important enterprises for family farmers in Appalachia and provide significant opportunity for supplemental income. Alternatives to traditional production methods that not only offer higher income potential but also lower risk levels need to be addressed for the benefit of the region’s producers. This thesis presents an analysis of one such alternative, pasture-raised beef production. Stochastic budgeting was used to compare profit and risk levels experienced by numerous categories of grassfed and traditional producers. Results showed that risk in pasture-raised operations is primarily production-related while risk for traditional producers is price-related and is, in general, more severe than …

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Correlation And Characterization Of Water Quality And Land Use And Land Cover In The Baker's Run Watershed, West Virginia, Mid-Atlantic Region., John Allen Gillilan Jan 2003

Correlation And Characterization Of Water Quality And Land Use And Land Cover In The Baker's Run Watershed, West Virginia, Mid-Atlantic Region., John Allen Gillilan

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Water quality variables were sampled for five years in the Baker’s Run watershed, before and during construction of a segment of Appalachian Corridor H located in the Eastern Panhandle of West Virginia. The purpose of the study was to determine if any effect from the construction could be measured and related to the cumulative change in land use and land cover. Variables sampled were turbidity, pH, conductivity, total suspend solids, alkalinity, acidity, sulfate, chloride, iron, calcium, nitrate, ammonia, phosphate, and flow. Land use/land cover was interpreted and classified from 1:24,000 digital ortho-quarter quads and correlated to changes in water quality …

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Impact Of A Grazing Management Regime As An Internal Parasite Control In Sheep Managed Under Usda's National Organic Program: A Case Study., Bernard James O'Doherty Jan 2003

Impact Of A Grazing Management Regime As An Internal Parasite Control In Sheep Managed Under Usda's National Organic Program: A Case Study., Bernard James O'Doherty

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The objective of this study was to identify an effective internal parasite control for sheep managed under USDA's NOP. The case study involved the sheep flock of the WVU Organic Farming Systems Experiment over a period of 27 months, March 2001 to July 2003. A 3-day-duration/5-week-rest grazing regime was implemented to control internal parasites. The parasite burden was measured by fecal analysis (fecal egg counts). Prior to implementation of the prescribed grazing regime, parasite levels were moderate and comparable to conventionally managed flocks in the local area. After implementation of prescribed grazing regime, parasite levels were lowered to almost undetectable …

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Sequence And Distribution Of The Neotyphodium Lolii Peptide Synthetase Gene Ipsa., Prapassorn Damrongkool Jan 2003

Sequence And Distribution Of The Neotyphodium Lolii Peptide Synthetase Gene Ipsa., Prapassorn Damrongkool

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Neotyphodium lolii is a fungal endophyte of perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne). Like related endophytes of other grasses, it increases the grass host's fitness. Endophyte-infected grasses have greater resistance to biotic and abiotic stress, and thus are highly competitive. However, the endophytes also produce toxins that cause toxicoses in grazing animals. N. lolii produces a large amount of lolitrems, which are thought to cause ryegrass staggers in mammals. The fungus also produces a smaller amount of a highly toxic ergopeptine ergovaline. In this dissertation, I have characterized, sequenced and surveyed the distribution of peptide synthetase gene IpsA that is required for …

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Roles Of Radicals In Cancer Research: Potential Therapeutic Agents And Probes For Studying Carcinogenesis., Jeannine Harrison Powell Jan 2003

Roles Of Radicals In Cancer Research: Potential Therapeutic Agents And Probes For Studying Carcinogenesis., Jeannine Harrison Powell

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Unpaired electrons (radicals) have been implicated in numerous disease processes. They have also been proven useful in the study of intra- and intercellular processes. This work describes two approaches in the study of radicals. The first project involves the synthesis of a spin probe utilizing a stable nitroxide radical to probe DNA structures; the second includes studies of aryl radicals derived from arenediazonium ions found in common foods and other products. Formation of novel DNA structures such as triplex DNA has been associated with inhibited gene transcription and DNA replication. Electron Spin Resonance (ESR) has been used to study spin-labeled …

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The Cycle Of Abuse: Factors That Put Survivors At Risk For Perpetration Of Child Physical And/Or Sexual Abuse., Aline E. Rabalais Jan 2003

The Cycle Of Abuse: Factors That Put Survivors At Risk For Perpetration Of Child Physical And/Or Sexual Abuse., Aline E. Rabalais

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Investigators have hypothesized that survivors of child sexual abuse may be at increased risk for becoming perpetrators of sexual abuse against children. Much of the available information about this cycle of abuse, however, is anecdotal and not based on empirical evidence. Furthermore, there has been little investigation of whether or not a history of sexual abuse may put one at risk for becoming a perpetrator of other types of child maltreatment, such as physical abuse. It is also unclear whether or not gender differences with respect to level of psychopathology and repeated exposure to traumatic events might increase the likelihood …

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Sensation Seeking Characteristics And Neuroendocrine Responses To An Acute Psychological Challenge In Latent Forensic Identifiers., Jonathan W. Roberti Jan 2003

Sensation Seeking Characteristics And Neuroendocrine Responses To An Acute Psychological Challenge In Latent Forensic Identifiers., Jonathan W. Roberti

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This study examined various characteristics of 29 (20 females and 9 males) undergraduate participants interested in latent forensic identification. Participants completed a basic demographics questionnaire, information about daily stressors and psychosocial stressors (HPS: Scotti, 1992, 1999), the Sensation Seeking Scale (SSS-V; Zuckerman, Eysenck, & Eysenck, 1978) and Zuckerman-Kuhlman Personality Questionnaire (ZKPQ; Zuckerman, Kuhlman, Joirement, & Kraft, 1993). Salivary cortisol samples and perceived distress were assessed before and during exposure to an acute psychological challenge. Participants self-reported handling daily stressors well and to have had minimal experience with psychosocial stressors. Compared to published normative data on the SSS-V and ZKPQ, males …

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The Regulation Of Arachidonic Acid Metabolism In Human Osteoblast-Like Cells., Frank Joseph Secreto Jan 2003

The Regulation Of Arachidonic Acid Metabolism In Human Osteoblast-Like Cells., Frank Joseph Secreto

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Reports that estrogen (E2) treatment modulates arachidonic acid (AA) metabolism by bone and bone cells are found in the literature. However, conflicting indications of the relationship that exists between E2 and AA metabolism emerge from the analysis of those reports. The present studies were undertaken to determine if E2 effected the production of prostaglandins (PG) in human osteoblast-like cells (hOB), and if this effect is due to the regulation of key enzymes involved in PG production, namely cytosolic phospholipase A2 (cPLA2) and the cyclooxygenases (COX-1, COX-2). We determined that hOB cells pretreated with E2 and co-stimulated with tumor growth factor-β …

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An Analysis Of West Virginia Lamb Marketing Alternatives., Doolarie Singh-Knights Jan 2003

An Analysis Of West Virginia Lamb Marketing Alternatives., Doolarie Singh-Knights

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This study provides a comprehensive overview of the current lamb production and marketing environments in WV in view of current and prospective industry changes. Production and marketing inefficiencies, declining demand together with stiff competition from foreign supplies are significant challenges facing the sheep industry. A survey was developed and administered to WV sheep producers to characterize their production and marketing environment, as well as their marketing needs and concerns. Lamb sale transactions from livestock auctions markets in WV were analyzed to determine price trends and price discovery models in the WV sheep industry. The SAS (Statistical Analysis System, 1985) Kruskal-Wallis …

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Effects Of Nitrogen Fertilizer And Red Clover (Trifolium Pratense L.) Component On Productivity Of Grass-Legume Mixed Swards, Chamil Salinda Kandapola Dec 2002

Effects Of Nitrogen Fertilizer And Red Clover (Trifolium Pratense L.) Component On Productivity Of Grass-Legume Mixed Swards, Chamil Salinda Kandapola

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The effects of two levels of red clover (low and high) and three levels of N fertilizer (0, 28, 56 N kg ha-1) on herbage accumulation and quality of grass-legume mixed swards were studied. Total herbage accumulation of the mixtures with high legume percentage was significantly higher than those with low legume percentage and this was most pronounced at second harvest. Swards high in legumes also had higher crude protein concentrations and lower weed percentages than those low in legumes. Although the effect of N on herbage accumulation was not significant, an increase was observed for crude protein concentration of …

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Expression And Regulation Of C-Myb In B-Lymphocyte Development, Candice Lashawn Damiani Dec 2002

Expression And Regulation Of C-Myb In B-Lymphocyte Development, Candice Lashawn Damiani

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

B lymphocytes are continually produced in bone marrow from pluripotential hematopoietic stem cells. Lymphopoiesis is characterized by a series of highly regulated genotypic and phenotypic changes resulting in immunocompetent effector cells which express cell surface immunoglobulin. Our laboratory has focused on defining extracellular signals regulating lymphoid progenitor cell survival, proliferation, and differentiation. These studies have demonstrated that pro-B cell survival, proliferation, and differentiation are regulated by interactions with fibroblastic stromal cells in the hematopoietic microenvironment. However, specific molecular mechanisms by which stromal cells regulate B lymphoid development are largely unknown. In an attempt to better understand molecular mechanisms regulating maturation …

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Off-Line Thai Handwriting Recognition In Legal Amount, Watchara Chatwiriya Dec 2002

Off-Line Thai Handwriting Recognition In Legal Amount, Watchara Chatwiriya

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Thai handwriting in legal amounts is a challenging problem and a new field in the area of handwriting recognition research. The focus of this thesis is to implement Thai handwriting recognition system. A preliminary data set of Thai handwriting in legal amounts is designed. The samples in the data set are characters and words of the Thai legal amounts and a set of legal amounts phrases collected from a number of native Thai volunteers. At the preprocessing and recognition process, techniques are introduced to improve the characters recognition rates. The characters are divided into two smaller subgroups by their writing …

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Immunomodulatory Roles Of Endotoxin And Glutaraldehyde In The Development Of Latex Allergy, Michael D. Howell Dec 2002

Immunomodulatory Roles Of Endotoxin And Glutaraldehyde In The Development Of Latex Allergy, Michael D. Howell

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Although much data has been obtained related to the clinical manifestations of latex allergy and the characterization of the protein allergens, little is known regarding the natural history of the disease. These studies were undertaken to demonstrate the immunological relevance of both dermal and respiratory exposure in the development of latex allergy and to investigate the role of co-exposure by these routes to other agents in the health care environment on the development of NRL sensitization.;An initial study in female BALB/c mice demonstrated comparable rates of induction of latex specific IgE following dermal and respiratory latex exposure, demonstrating the importance …

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Differentially Expressed Genes In The Mutualistic Neotyphodium Coenophialum-Tall Fescue Interaction, Linda Joy Johnson Dec 2002

Differentially Expressed Genes In The Mutualistic Neotyphodium Coenophialum-Tall Fescue Interaction, Linda Joy Johnson

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Tall fescue (Lolium arundinaceum), an agronomically important forage grass, is typically associated with a mutualistic asexual fungus Neotyphodium coenophialum. Endophytic fungal growth is confined to the intercellular spaces of the plant and induces no symptoms. The endophyte partner enhances its host's fitness by improving nutrient acquisition as well as by providing protection from various abiotic and biotic stresses. However, grass-endophyte partnerships are detrimental to grazing livestock, due to the production of an array of fungal alkaloids. To investigate this interaction at the molecular level, suppressive subtractive hybridization was used to identify differentially expressed genes from the symbiosis. In total, twenty-nine …

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Taxonomic Revision And Paleoecology Of Middle Devonian (Eifelian) Fishes Of The Onondaga, Columbus And Delaware Limestones Of The Eastern United States, Robert Lewis Martin Dec 2002

Taxonomic Revision And Paleoecology Of Middle Devonian (Eifelian) Fishes Of The Onondaga, Columbus And Delaware Limestones Of The Eastern United States, Robert Lewis Martin

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The Eifelian stage of eastern North America has produced the remains of a substantial number of fish taxa, mostly from the Onondaga Limestone of New York and the Columbus and Delaware limestones of Ohio. Fish specimens in rock matrix from the Buffalo Science Museum and the Cleveland Museum of Natural History were compared to rock samples taken from quarries in Cheektowaga, New York and Warrensburg, Ohio, in order to determine the units from which the fish specimens originally came. This method allowed reasonable inference into the provenance of the museum specimens.;The stratigraphy indicates that the seas of New York and …

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Electron Transfer Kinetic Studies Of 1-Electron, 1-Proton Redox Couples Attached To Electrodes, Robert M. Haddox Dec 2002

Electron Transfer Kinetic Studies Of 1-Electron, 1-Proton Redox Couples Attached To Electrodes, Robert M. Haddox

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Proton Coupled Electron Transfer (PCET) reactions play a vital rote in a variety of biological and chemical processes. Prior work by E. Laviron developed the theory of proton coupled electron transfer kinetics based on a stepwise mechanism with the transfer coefficient for electron transfer remaining constant at all overpotentials. The present work explores the consequences of a potential-dependent transfer coefficient as applied to redox couples attached to electrodes. Specifically, this work focuses on the 1-electron, 1-proton (1e1H) system. Derivation of the potential-dependence of the transfer coefficient comes from the Marcus density-of-states model of heterogeneous electron transfer. Two 1e1H systems are …

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