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Design And Development Of A Microwave-Enhanced Diesel Soot Oxidation System, Bret Allen Rankin Dec 1999

Design And Development Of A Microwave-Enhanced Diesel Soot Oxidation System, Bret Allen Rankin

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Diesel particulate matter (PM) emissions have created considerable concern because PM is a suspected carcinogen. Up to this point, improved engine and fuel system design and control schemes have made the use of diesel particulate aftertreatment systems unnecessary for most applications in the United States, but the continued decreasing trend of emissions regulations may necessitate the use of PM filters for many applications.;Many methods have been developed to generate a controlled, reliable regeneration event within PM filters, none of which have been proven to be completely successful. These methods include exhaust throttling, fuel catalysis, filter catalysis, electrical heating, and burner …

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Perceptions Of Pre -Service Elementary Teachers About Social Studies Instructional Activities And Content Areas, Philip H. Adkins Aug 1999

Perceptions Of Pre -Service Elementary Teachers About Social Studies Instructional Activities And Content Areas, Philip H. Adkins

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This study was designed to investigate perceptions held by pre-service elementary teachers about instructional activities and content areas for the social studies. Four major questions were addressed: (1) What do respondents perceive to be the classroom activities with the most educational value? (2) What do respondents believe students find to be the most enjoyable activities? (3) What do respondents say are the classroom activities they would most prefer to use at the various grade levels? and (4) What do respondents say are the most preferred content areas for elementary social studies?;The sample for this study consisted of 80 pre-service elementary …

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Experiences Of Selected West Virginia Agriculture Teachers Who Have Established Aquaculture Units In Their Schools And Have Taught Aquaculture Classes For Two Years Or More, Paul A. Lovett Aug 1999

Experiences Of Selected West Virginia Agriculture Teachers Who Have Established Aquaculture Units In Their Schools And Have Taught Aquaculture Classes For Two Years Or More, Paul A. Lovett

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This study was designed to ascertain and record the experiences of West Virginia agriculture teachers who have established aquaculture units in their schools and have taught aquaculture for two or more years. This study will provide suggestions to those who may yet integrate aquaculture into their curriculum.;A "Focused Interview" was used to gather qualitative data from eight-experienced aquaculture teachers. The respondents answered eight questions that were asked and recorded by the secretary in agricultural and environmental education at WVU to eliminate bias and improve the validity of this study.;The results of this study found that agricultural teachers used aquaculture to …

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Surface -Enhanced Raman Spectroscopic Studies Of Organonitriles On Copper Colloids, Candace Mikki Coyle Aug 1999

Surface -Enhanced Raman Spectroscopic Studies Of Organonitriles On Copper Colloids, Candace Mikki Coyle

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Dramatic differences are observed between the surface-enhanced Raman spectra (SERS) of organonitriles mixed with copper colloids, the Raman of the free parent molecules, and the SERS for adsorption on a gold colloid. Specifically, nu(C≡N) is missing in the SER spectra involving the copper colloid. The data are adequately explained by a transition metal assisted borohydride reduction of the cyano group to an amino group. SER spectra of the reduction products of the organonitriles in the presence of copper colloids are identical within experimental error. The nu(C≡N) signal was observed when a gold colloid was prepared by borohydride reduction, thereby indicating …

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Through-Wafer Interrogation Of Mems Device Motion, Jeremy Michael Dawson Aug 1999

Through-Wafer Interrogation Of Mems Device Motion, Jeremy Michael Dawson

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) have been the focus of many research groups because of their wide variety of uses in sensing and actuation applications. A fundamental barrier facing designers of next generation MEMS is the inability to access accurate, real-time microstructure positional information to determine if the device is performing as expected. Previously explored optical and electrical methods of MEMS device monitoring are often only suitable for research environments, or are unable to produce clear and meaningful characterization of device motion. The most desirable MEMS monitoring method would be one that could be implemented at the device level, which would allow …

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Automatic Type Curve Matching For Predicting Gas Wells Production, Samson Tesfaslasie Aug 1999

Automatic Type Curve Matching For Predicting Gas Wells Production, Samson Tesfaslasie

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The determination of gas wells production using type curve matching is one of the methods used in evaluating gas reservoirs. Matching curves manually is time consuming and exposed to human error. Aminian type curves unlike the other type curves accounts the pressure dependency of gas properties and the effect of non-darcy factor. The sensitivity of Aminian type curves to non-darcy factor makes them hard to match with naked eyes.;Sfrac is a computer program generates type curves using conventional calculations for wells where all the reservoir properties are available. Using the idea of Sfrac, a program was developed to generate type …

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Perceptions Of Students And Teachers Regarding Agriculture In Leflore County, Mississippi, Ronald L. Howard Aug 1999

Perceptions Of Students And Teachers Regarding Agriculture In Leflore County, Mississippi, Ronald L. Howard

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The purpose of this study was to assess the perceptions of public high school teachers and students in Leflore County, Mississippi regarding agriculture and provide baseline data regarding the perception of high school students and teachers residing in an agriculturally dependent county with no agricultural education program. A population of 240 high school teachers and students was surveyed for their perceptions regarding agriculture. All three public high schools in Leflore County were represented in this study. Over 65% of the sample resided in the city, while only 3% live on a farm. The major finding of this study was that …

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The Implementation Of Learning Strategies In The Design Of An On-Line Medical Course Supplement, Lee Ann Hill May 1999

The Implementation Of Learning Strategies In The Design Of An On-Line Medical Course Supplement, Lee Ann Hill

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Given the charge of integrating technology in the medical school curriculum, faculty members are faced with the challenge of designing new materials for their courses. Often, these materials become on-line resources such as hypermedia and electronic communication. Strategies may assist students who are unfamiliar with on-line materials to use such materials more effectively. This study investigated the elaborative interrogation strategy used in conjunction with on-line materials to promote more efficient processing of difficult material. Twenty second-year medical students volunteered to participate in the study. The course in which they were enrolled required the use of an on-line lecture supplement. The …

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Regulation Of Glucose -6 -Phosphate Dehydrogenase By Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids In Cultured Rat Hepatocytes, Laura Petrosky Stabile May 1999

Regulation Of Glucose -6 -Phosphate Dehydrogenase By Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids In Cultured Rat Hepatocytes, Laura Petrosky Stabile

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The goal of this research is to understand the molecular mechanism(s) by which polyunsaturated fatty acids inhibit gene expression of the lipogenic enzymes. The model enzyme which we are using to study this phenomenon is liver glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD). In order to determine if regulation of G6PD occurred at a transcriptional or a posttranscriptional step in rat hepatocytes, enzyme activity, mRNA accumulation and transcriptional activity of the G6PD gene were measured in the presence and absence of a polyunsaturated fatty acid, arachidonic acid. Insulin and glucose stimulated a 5- to 7-fold increase in G6PD activity and mRNA. This increase was …

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The Relationship Of Disease Severity, Health Beliefs, And Medication Adherence Among Hiv Patients, Xin Gao May 1999

The Relationship Of Disease Severity, Health Beliefs, And Medication Adherence Among Hiv Patients, Xin Gao

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Purpose. To investigate the relationship of disease severity, health beliefs, and medication adherence among HIV/AIDS patients.;Results. Seventy-two HIV patients were enrolled. There were no significant differences in patients' perceived severity of HIV/AIDS and perceptions of benefits and barriers of the treatment across three disease stages. However, patients who had greater experience with the disease (stage C) perceived a higher risk to develop complications if they were not adherent compared to asymptomatic patients (stage A). Results also revealed that patients in stage B and C were more adherent to their medications compared to patients in stage A when regimen complexity was …

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Comparative Analysis Of The Promoters Of The Cyi-Cyiia-Cyiib Actin Gene Cluster In The Sea Urchin Strongylocentrotus Purpuratus, Ruth Lynn Dukes May 1999

Comparative Analysis Of The Promoters Of The Cyi-Cyiia-Cyiib Actin Gene Cluster In The Sea Urchin Strongylocentrotus Purpuratus, Ruth Lynn Dukes

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Three of the eight actin genes in the sea urchin Strongylocentrotus purpuratus were used for a comparative analysis. The cytoplasmic actin genes CyI, CyIIb and CyIIa are linked in the genome and encode very similar proteins. However, their spatial and temporal expression patterns are differentially regulated. The region of CyIIa upstream of the ATG and putative transcription start site was subcloned and sequenced. Sites of protein-DNA interaction were identified using DNaseI footprinting. Comparisons of this data with that previously obtained for CyI and CyIIb showed that while CyI and CyIIb share an identical CArG (or serum response element) and extensive …

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An Application Of The Delphi Method Of Forecasting To The Future Of Technology Infrastructure In West Virginia High Schools, William H. Carman May 1999

An Application Of The Delphi Method Of Forecasting To The Future Of Technology Infrastructure In West Virginia High Schools, William H. Carman

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This study investigated the technology infrastructures that will have an impact on school systems in West Virginia that desire to either retrofit existing high school structures or construct new ones. A three round modified Delphi technique was used to determine the life expectancy and affordability of each technology infrastructure.;In Round 1, surveys were sent via E-mail to 21 individuals representing public education in West Virginia at all levels, colleges and universities, technology business executives, an architect, and a foreign technology business executive. In response to the first survey, the expert panel generated a total of twenty-one different technology infrastructures that …

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School Improvement Councils As Change Agents, Thurman Jeffrey Fry May 1999

School Improvement Councils As Change Agents, Thurman Jeffrey Fry

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The purpose of this study was to explore the perceptions of school improvement council members of 1999, and compare them to a similar study performed in 1994. This study reflected the speed at which LSIC's are becoming reform agents. A questionnaire was used with a stratified random sampling based on student enrollment. Chi square analysis, standard deviations, means, and percentages were used to identify and compare the data. The questions researched were: (1) What activities do the school improvement council members feel are worthwhile? (2) How involved are SIC's in local decision-making? (3) How have the activities of the SIC …

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Regulation Of The Synthesis And Protein Stability Of The Alternative Sigma Factor Rpos In Salmonella Typhimurium, Christofer Lee Cunning May 1999

Regulation Of The Synthesis And Protein Stability Of The Alternative Sigma Factor Rpos In Salmonella Typhimurium, Christofer Lee Cunning

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

RpoS is an alternative sigma factor which is required for the expression of genes that help bacteria cope with environmental stress. The regulation of RpoS is multifactorial and occurs at the levels of synthesis and protein turnover. Our lab has previously identified a rpoS translation enhancing factor in Salmonella typhimurium, the RNA-binding protein HF-I. An antisense element consisting of rpoS mRNA secondary structure is predicted to sequester the rpoS ribosome binding site and inhibit translation. HF-I may interact with this element to increase translation. Using rpoS genetic fusions, we have shown that native rpoS promoters can be substituted with tac …

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Role Expectations And Predictions Of Trends For Human Resource Development At Large Public Universities Within The Southern Regional Education Board (Sreb) Area, Drayton Ray Justus Jr. May 1999

Role Expectations And Predictions Of Trends For Human Resource Development At Large Public Universities Within The Southern Regional Education Board (Sreb) Area, Drayton Ray Justus Jr.

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This study was designed to identify the role expectations, reporting hierarchy, years in role and trends in human resource development as reported by the person responsible for human resource development in large public universities within the Southern Regional Education Board (SREB) geographic area. The population for this study was all the four-year public universities in Southern Regional Education Board states which were classified by 1997 SREB-State Data Exchange definitions as SREB I (n = 26).;Each institution in the sample was mailed a copy of the Human Resource Development (HRD) Roles Survey, an instrument developed for the purpose of this research. …

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Androgen-Induced Norepinephrine Release In Male Accessory Sex Organ Smooth Muscle Growth And Differentiation, Julie M. Kim May 1999

Androgen-Induced Norepinephrine Release In Male Accessory Sex Organ Smooth Muscle Growth And Differentiation, Julie M. Kim

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The goal of this research was to determine the role of norepinephrine (NE) in androgen-dependent pubertal proliferation and adult terminal differentiation in normal male accessory sex organ smooth muscle. The guinea pig seminal vesicle served as a model as its unique anatomy allowed clean harvest of smooth muscle without epithelium.;Androgen significantly increased in vivo DNA synthesis, total DNA, and NE release and down-regulated protein kinase C (PKC) in prepubertal seminal vesicle smooth muscle (SVSM) relative to prepubertal orchiectomized controls. High performance liquid chromotography quantified NE release as an increased concentration of (1) endogenous NE-metabolite, 3,4-dihydroxyphenolglycol per NE, and (2) NE …

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Offerings For Jahilia, Stephen Vincent Martonis May 1999

Offerings For Jahilia, Stephen Vincent Martonis

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

These words represent the ideas invested in my paintings. They are progressive and fluctuating thoughts occurring at an interval in time. They are given honestly and freely, as ignorance and change are understood.

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Regulation Of Heme Biosynthesis Targets The Key Enzyme Hema By A Mechanism Of Protein Stabilization In Salmonella Typhimurium, Liying Wang May 1999

Regulation Of Heme Biosynthesis Targets The Key Enzyme Hema By A Mechanism Of Protein Stabilization In Salmonella Typhimurium, Liying Wang

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Heme serves as a cofactor of cytochromes and catalases. It is essential for energy generation and in defense against toxic hydrogen peroxide in nearly all cells including Salmonella typhimurium and Escherichia coli. Indirect evidence has suggested that heme synthesis is a regulated process. Little is known about how heme synthesis is regulated in enteric bacteria even though the heme synthetic pathway is genetically well-defined. This research represents the first report that heme synthetic regulation affects the first committed heme pathway enzyme, glutamyl-tRNA reductase (HemA), by an unusual mechanism.;HemA, encoded by hemA gene, catalyzes the rate-limiting step of heme biosynthesis. This …

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Trade And The Environment: A Political Model Of International Public Goods Problem., Qingshui Zhou Jan 1999

Trade And The Environment: A Political Model Of International Public Goods Problem., Qingshui Zhou

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

In recent decades there has been a debate over the entwined issues of trade and the environment, and the 1990s witnessed a great rise in global environmental concerns. The purpose of the present study is to seek a cooperative solution to these concerns. Postwar environmental movement, interaction of trade and the environment, and the reconciliation issues are reviewed. Methodologies to studying these issues are categorized into (1) international trade approaches, and (2) environmental economics approaches. A political model-cost sharing game is then proposed. Specifically, environmental problems resulting from trade are treated as international public goods and the issue of optimal …

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The Effects Of Teacher Clarity And Immediacy On Student Learning, Apprehension, And Effect., Joseph Lee Chesebro Jan 1999

The Effects Of Teacher Clarity And Immediacy On Student Learning, Apprehension, And Effect., Joseph Lee Chesebro

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This study examined the effects clear and immediate teaching have on student learning, state receiver apprehension, and affect. Although teacher clarity and constructs conceptually similar to immediacy have been identified as effective teaching behaviors, few experimental studies have investigated the combined use of these behaviors. This is important because research related to clear teaching suggests that immediacy may be a necessary precursor to clear teaching and that the absence of immediacy may significantly threaten the effectiveness of clear messages. A review of this research is followed by the identification of attributes which characterize clear teachers. The results indicate that clarity, …

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A Qualitative Study Of Five West Virginia K-12 Ruralnet Project Teachers Merging The Internet Into Their Instruction And How The Internet Affects Professional Practice., David A. Falvo Jan 1999

A Qualitative Study Of Five West Virginia K-12 Ruralnet Project Teachers Merging The Internet Into Their Instruction And How The Internet Affects Professional Practice., David A. Falvo

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This qualitative study explores the day-to-day classroom work of five West Virginia K–12 RuralNet Project teachers, highlighting the drama of integrating technology into learning and showing how these teachers build and refine relationships to foster their sense of professionalism, through the use of technology. This study shows how teachers use the Internet as an instructional resource and as a tool for connecting to other people within and outside of the learning community. The participants of this study began to learn new technology skills during the summer of 1995. Today, they are integrating Internet technology into their daily teaching and planning …

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Sulfur Chemistry: Structure And Reactivity Of Substituted Thioureas And Aminothiols Of Physiological Importance., Claudius Mundoma Jan 1999

Sulfur Chemistry: Structure And Reactivity Of Substituted Thioureas And Aminothiols Of Physiological Importance., Claudius Mundoma

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Complex mechanisms of oxidation of selected sulfur compounds by various oxidants are studied. Chapter 1 is an overall introduction to the field of sulfur chemistry with emphasis on chemical reaction dynamics and the biological significance of aminothiols and substituted thioureas. The rest of the dissertation can be divided into 3 parts based on the type of information obtained from the reaction systems studied. Chapters 2 gives an overview of most of the experimental methods used to come up with a reasonable answer to a given kinetics problem. Chapters 3 and 4 form the basis of the first part in which …

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The Effects Of Environmental Aging On The Durability Of Glass/Epoxy Composites., Somjai Kajorncheappunngam Jan 1999

The Effects Of Environmental Aging On The Durability Of Glass/Epoxy Composites., Somjai Kajorncheappunngam

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Glass fiber reinforced plastics (GFRPs) are beginning to be used as structural materials in construction. However, their mechanical properties can degrade after prolonged exposure to the environment. Understanding this degradation was the focus of this research. Epoxy neat resin and glass/epoxy composite samples were soaked in four different solutions (distilled water, saturated salt solution, 5 M NaOH, and 1 M HCl solution) for 5 months. The samples were also subjected to a combination of temperature and sustained load at room temperature and at 60°C. The glass transition temperature (Tg), storage modulus, tensile strength, and strain at failure were measured. The …

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May Ayim And Alev Tekinay: Writing To Raise Critical Consciousness., Jennifer Lynn Burkart Jan 1999

May Ayim And Alev Tekinay: Writing To Raise Critical Consciousness., Jennifer Lynn Burkart

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

May Ayim and Alev Tekinay are two contemporary German writers whose works can play a significant role in transforming German feminism so that it becomes a movement concerned with ending all forms of social domination. Ayim is Afro-German, and her essays and poetry, written primarily in the 1990s, reflect the experiences of a dark-skinned woman who was raised in an almost all-white society. Alev Tekinay is Turkish-German. She attended a German Gymnasium in Turkey, came to Germany at the age of 18 to study German literature, and is now an assistant professor at the University of Augsburg. Although the life …

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Measuring Fluoridated And Non-Fluoridated Sealant Fluoride Concentrations And Their Effect On Streptococcus Mutans: An In Vitro Study., Deborah Annette Bassham Jan 1999

Measuring Fluoridated And Non-Fluoridated Sealant Fluoride Concentrations And Their Effect On Streptococcus Mutans: An In Vitro Study., Deborah Annette Bassham

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Decalcification around brackets is a problem associated with plaque accumulation trapping caries producing bacteria, such as Streptococcus mutans (SM) and Lactobacilli acidophilus. The aim of this study was to measure 1)the concentration of fluoride released from three sealants: Protection TM Plus, Maximum Cure®, TransbondTM XT, and a glass ionomer, GC Fuji II 2) fluoride release of materials recharged with topical fluoride, 3) the ability of materials to inhibit SM, and 4) the degradation of materials by SM. A significant difference was found in fluoride released over 28 days between the four groups. There was no significant difference in the fluoride …

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Acoustic Signal During Hydraulic Fracturing., Jeremy Scott King Jan 1999

Acoustic Signal During Hydraulic Fracturing., Jeremy Scott King

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Well performance analysis using pressure/time data are historically collected over a time span of minutes and hours. Such pressure/time performance is controlled by Darcy type fluid seepage, and used to define the formation boundaries and permeability. A different pressure transient is used to determine the acoustic characteristics of the open flow passages of a well. A pressure transient can be induced by a sudden change in flow rate. The wave travels towards the casing perforations and back to the surface. The reflected signal contains the piping and fracture acoustic signature within it. The transient signal lasts less than a minute. …

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Wvu: Interactive Web-Based Distance Learning Tool., Naga Raju Bussa Jan 1999

Wvu: Interactive Web-Based Distance Learning Tool., Naga Raju Bussa

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Learning is a process of integrating the new and unfamiliar with the complex, pre-existing structure of knowledge that exists within an individual’s mind. Education, which takes place while the educator and learner are separated by time, distance, or both, is defined as Distance Education. The demand for educational software is growing exponentially with the surge of interest in educational reform, the Internet and Distance Education. The use of Internet and specifically the World Wide Web (Web) as a media for distance education is an evolving solution to the problem of increasing numbers of students in the University setting. To meet …

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A Biological Comparison Of Discula Destructiva Isolates From Four Geographic Areas., Patricia Gwen Gundrum Jan 1999

A Biological Comparison Of Discula Destructiva Isolates From Four Geographic Areas., Patricia Gwen Gundrum

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

A series of biological tests were conducted to ascertain whether differences among isolates of the dogwood anthracnose fungus (Discula destructiva ) could be measured. Discula destructiva isolates were recovered from forty symptomatic eastern flowering dogwood trees growing at four locations in West Virginia and Pennsylvania. Before sampling, each tree was rated for percent foliage infected. Symptomatic leaf and twigs were collected in the summer of 1994 and D. destructiva was isolated from each leaf and twig sample. Isolates were cultured on potato dextrose agar (PDA) medium. Subcultures onto the same medium were made in order to evaluate growth and colony …

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Evaluation Of Biocidal Polymers For The Treatment Of Domestic Water Supplies: Application Of Polymers To The Surface Of Carrier Particles., Robert Matthew Taylor Jan 1999

Evaluation Of Biocidal Polymers For The Treatment Of Domestic Water Supplies: Application Of Polymers To The Surface Of Carrier Particles., Robert Matthew Taylor

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The performance of N-Halamine polymers in eliminating bacteria from water streams was studied in this research. Numerous experiments were performed to determine the efficacy of both pure N-Halamine polymer and polymer coated on carrier particles to remove Escherichia coli from water streams. The results for this research were inconclusive for a number of reasons. First, the polymer used in this research was not active. It lacked the correct chemical structure to kill bacteria effectively. Additionally, when active polymer was received, insufficient quantities were available to produce viable coated carrier particles. The ability to regenerate the polymer using bleach solutions could …

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Politicians And The Internet, Melody Kay Gwilliam Jan 1999

Politicians And The Internet, Melody Kay Gwilliam

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The topic for this thesis examines the utilization of senatorial websites by United States Senators as a new communication tool. Three different areas of content will be examined: informational content, interactive content and audio-visual content. Those three areas will be used to examine the differences between Senators in several different ways: gender and race, party affiliation, length of service in the senate, region of the country they represent, urban and rural states, and age of the Senators. The results showed 6 significant findings in the areas of content: Democrats had more informational content; Northern Senators had the best and Midwestern …

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