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Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

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The Influence Of Particle Size On Sand-Pack Properties And Drying Profile., Chandrashekmar S. Gothoskar Jan 2000

The Influence Of Particle Size On Sand-Pack Properties And Drying Profile., Chandrashekmar S. Gothoskar

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The problem of underground contamination including contamination of potable water aquifers is more serious now than ever. Stringent pollution control laws as well as concern for the environment has given birth to the technology for remediation of contaminated soil and groundwater. The Research conducted thus has proposed a way to contain the contamination from underground storage tanks from spreading and travelling downwards using the principles of desiccation in in-situ formations. The desiccant barrier proposed here is the circulating air barrier (CAB) which utilizes the injection of dry gas or air to create an ultra dry zone in situ. Thus the …

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The Effectiveness Of Nutrition Education On Nutrition Knowledge Of Female College Athletes., Joanne Chieppa Jan 2000

The Effectiveness Of Nutrition Education On Nutrition Knowledge Of Female College Athletes., Joanne Chieppa

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Subjects were 43 female athletes who participated on three different teams. Interventions were one-page two-sided nutrition newsletters. A consent form, information sheet and 20- question pre-test were given the first day of practice, after which subjects received newsletters every month for three months. Athletes were given a post-test three weeks after they had received the third newsletter. Pre and post-test scores were compared using t-tests. Results showed that nutrition education in the form of newsletters had a significant effect on knowledge. No significant differences were found among teams, by competition status or nutrition course status, i.e. whether individuals had taken, …

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Toward Improving The Paper Map: Exploring And Implementing Digital And Virtual Campus Maps For West Virginia University., Thomas Luke Ritz Jan 2000

Toward Improving The Paper Map: Exploring And Implementing Digital And Virtual Campus Maps For West Virginia University., Thomas Luke Ritz

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This research examines significant design and map development issues in development of digital and virtual campus maps for West Virginia University. The theoretical frameworks of traditional cartography and digital mapping technologies reveal the interconnections between the elements of good map design and the complexities of mapping in the digital environment. The development of the campus maps for this research are part of a project that represents a working agreement between West Virginia University and the West Virginia State GIS Technical Center. Background information on the campus map project is presented to place the project in context and to illustrate the …

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Grassroots Organizations And Gis: Assessing The Role Of Geographical Information And Gis In Grassroots Watershed Organizations In West Virginia., Jessica L. Spicer Jan 2000

Grassroots Organizations And Gis: Assessing The Role Of Geographical Information And Gis In Grassroots Watershed Organizations In West Virginia., Jessica L. Spicer

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

A growing number of organizations, especially “grassroots” organizations are seeking to make use of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and geographical information. In most cases, however, the use and potential use or benefits of GIS for “grassroots” organizations have been far from realized. The overall goal of this project is to explore grassroots awareness of, understanding of, use of, and proposed use of GIS for assessing watershed issues and to do this in the context of the issue raised by the GIS and society debate. The use of four West Virginia watershed case studies served to identify some of the major …

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Material Evaluation Of Liquid Metal Corrosion In Zinc-Aluminum Hot Dip Coating Baths., Matthew Ly Burris Jan 2000

Material Evaluation Of Liquid Metal Corrosion In Zinc-Aluminum Hot Dip Coating Baths., Matthew Ly Burris

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The corrosion of bath hardware used in continuous galvanization lines is a great challenge within the hot-dip coating industry today. The objective of this research was to examine the potential of using intermetallic Fe3Al alloys developed at Oak Ridge National Laboratory in the bath hardware application of the continuous hot-dipping process. In order to examine the effectiveness of Fe3Al in this harsh, molten metal environment, two sets of liquid metal corrosion tests were carried out. The purpose of the first set of experiments was to examine the effect of test duration on the corrosion of the different alloys. The testing …

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An Economic Analysis Of The Relationship Of Poverty And Income Inequality In Rural West Virginia., Semoa Costa Batista De Sousa Jan 2000

An Economic Analysis Of The Relationship Of Poverty And Income Inequality In Rural West Virginia., Semoa Costa Batista De Sousa

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

There have been numerous research studies on poverty, income inequality, economic growth, and the relationship between these variables at national and regional levels. This thesis focuses on poverty and income inequality, in 38 rural counties of West Virginia. The study examines the possibility of simultaneity between poverty and income inequality (Gini index) using a two-stage least square regression with cross-sectional data for 1980 and 1990. Furthermore, ordinary least square regressions are used to investigate the main determinants of poverty and income inequality. The results confirm the possibility of simultaneity between poverty and income inequality. The proportions of the population in …

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The Role Of Lois Marie Gibbs In The Love Canal Crisis And Its Effect On Federal "Superfund" Legislation, 1973-1981., Daniel Victor Kahler Jan 2000

The Role Of Lois Marie Gibbs In The Love Canal Crisis And Its Effect On Federal "Superfund" Legislation, 1973-1981., Daniel Victor Kahler

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

In the spring of 1978, a young homemaker named Lois Marie Gibbs discovered that her child was attending an elementary school built on top of a 20,000 ton, toxic chemical dump in Niagara Falls, New York. Out of desperation, she organized her neighbors into the Love Canal Homeowners Association and struggled more than two years for relocation. Opposing the group’s efforts were the chemical manufacturer, Hooker Chemical Corporation, and local, state, and federal government officials who insisted that the leaking toxic chemicals, including dioxin the most toxic chemical known to man, was not the cause of high rates of birth …

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Language Attitude Study: The Perceptions Of The New Jersey And The Southern West Virginia Students, At West Virginia University, Of The New Jersey And Southern West Virginia Dialects., Leigh Anne Scalise Jan 2000

Language Attitude Study: The Perceptions Of The New Jersey And The Southern West Virginia Students, At West Virginia University, Of The New Jersey And Southern West Virginia Dialects., Leigh Anne Scalise

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The language attitude study of the two dialect groups: New Jersey and southern West Virginia on the West Virginia University, encompasses the lexicon of each group and the breakdown of communication between the two groups. The differences in lexicon and societal stereotypes keep the two groups from interacting on a personal and equal level of respect and kindness. The West Virginia students foster a strong resentment towards the students from New Jersey, and the feelings are reciprocated in that the New Jersey students prefer to associate with students from their home state. The dialect study proves the members of each …

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The Coaxial Cavity Resonator As A Prototype Rf Ic Engine Ignition Source., Dustin Langdon Mcintyre Jan 2000

The Coaxial Cavity Resonator As A Prototype Rf Ic Engine Ignition Source., Dustin Langdon Mcintyre

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The Quarter Wave Coaxial Cavity Resonator (QWCCR) plasma igniter is designed, from requirements drawn from previous theoretical work, as an ignition source for an internal combustion engine. The present research has explored the implementation of the QWCCR into anICengine. The QWCCRdesignparameters of inner conductor length, loop geometry, and loop position were varied for two igniters of differing operating frequency. Variations of the QWCCR RF parameters as a function of engine geometry were studied by placing the igniter in a combustion chamber and manually varying the crank position. Three identical igniters were fitted with dielectric inserts and the parameters were studied …

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Recent Paintings: Untitled., Naijun Zhang Jan 2000

Recent Paintings: Untitled., Naijun Zhang

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

My paintings explicitly convey the tension inherent in the current Chinese social construct. As a painter my career journeyed through the education of Communist system during the Cultural Revolution and Post-Mao era. I have also experienced a cultural rupture upon my subsequent study in the United States. For me, figurative imagery provides a fulcrum for meditations on a wide variety of social and political issues. Basically the human figure functions as a metaphoric vehicle that conveys political or social content through pictorial appropriation of photojournalism. My figure also represents inner states of being which often theatrically expands or reinvents accepted …

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Stalking: Developing An Empirical Typology To Classify Stalkers., Kevin Scott Del Ben Jan 2000

Stalking: Developing An Empirical Typology To Classify Stalkers., Kevin Scott Del Ben

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Stalking has received a great deal of attention from the media and its harmful effects on victims have been well documented. Stalking is also more common than previously thought, leading researchers to classify stalkers into groups in an attempt to predict future behavior. Previous research has grouped stalkers based on theoretical models rather than trying to empirically examine stalking behaviors along with other factors such as motivation, type of relationship, and attachment style in determining a typology of stalkers. Female college students (N = 108) who had experienced harassing behaviors responded to questions regarding their perceptions of those behaviors. First …

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Application Of Computer-Based Technology To The Teaching Of Writing In Spanish As A Foreign Language: A Case Study, Nuria Gago Jan 2000

Application Of Computer-Based Technology To The Teaching Of Writing In Spanish As A Foreign Language: A Case Study, Nuria Gago

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Computers are becoming more and more important in today's world. They are part of every sector of our society, including education. Most of the studies done so far on computer integration with educational purposes focus on the classification, and incorporation, from a theoretical point of view, of Computer Mediated Communication in the class. Unfortunately, very little empirical research has been done concerning the students' perspectives and reactions when introduced to the use of multimedia technology in the classroom. The present project was started in an effort to analyze and observer the reactions of a group of learners when exposed, in …

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The Effects On Extracurricular Participation Of Academic Achievement, Self Concept, And Locus Of Control Among High School Students., Scott Randolph Johnson Jan 2000

The Effects On Extracurricular Participation Of Academic Achievement, Self Concept, And Locus Of Control Among High School Students., Scott Randolph Johnson

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The purpose of this investigation was to examine the effects on extracurricular participation (i.e., athletic participation) of academic achievement, self concept, and locus of control among high school students. Participants included six thousand six hundred ninety-eight (N = 6,698) high school students, from the National Education Longitudinal Study:1988 (NELS:88) First- and Second-Follow-Up data collection phases. These individuals participated in extracurricular activities during the tenth and/or twelfth grade. A binomial logistic regression model estimated the effects of: (1) gender; (2) socio-economic status (SES); (3) locus of control; (4) self concept; (5) school location; (6) school's region; (7) tenth grade participation level …

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Remember I Was The Movies: The Cinematic Prose Of William S. Burroughs., John Raymond Martino Jan 2000

Remember I Was The Movies: The Cinematic Prose Of William S. Burroughs., John Raymond Martino

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

As early as 1952, seven years before the publication of his most critically acclaimed work, Naked Lunch, William Burroughs began to express a dissatisfaction with traditional, essentially narrative, novelistic structures. Following the lead of many of his modernist predecessors, including Joyce, Eliot, Stein, and Dos Passos, Burroughs began to appropriate visually artistic compositional strategies for the construction of his increasingly experimental literary texts. The aim of this dissertation is to highlight Burroughs' various intersections with film, the non-literary art form that seems to have had the most profound and pervasive impact on his writing and general world-view. Specifically, I attempt …

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'A Perfect Diamond Set In Lead': Henry, Prince Of Wales And The Performance Of Emergent Majesty., Gregory Vaughn Mcnamara Jan 2000

'A Perfect Diamond Set In Lead': Henry, Prince Of Wales And The Performance Of Emergent Majesty., Gregory Vaughn Mcnamara

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Early Stuart court culture and the representation of majesty and power have been the subjects of considerable scholarly debate in recent years, yet Henry, Prince of Wales, one of the most significant figures of this dynamic historical period, has remained largely in the margins of scholarship and criticism. The heightened sensitivity to the fusion of power and aesthetics in the representation of early modern majesty that has characterized new historicist and revisionist scholarship has revealed tensions and disruptions within the framework of the court itself. Representational strategies at court operated in the context of social systems, often functioning harmoniously but …

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Solo Piano Performances In London From 1837 To 1850: A Cultural And Musical Evolution., Lisa A. Withers Jan 2000

Solo Piano Performances In London From 1837 To 1850: A Cultural And Musical Evolution., Lisa A. Withers

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Solo piano performances evolved into a unique form of public concert (the piano recital) during the early part of the nineteenth century. Social, intellectual and economic factors were involved in creating the conditions necessary for this evolution, and it was in London that the most significant early developments occurred. It is the premise of this study that the economic and social influence of the newly wealthy, English, upper middle class was instrumental in creating a cultural tradition of solo piano performances. The formation of a canon of pianistic works suitable for frequent performance was a direct result of this new …

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The Natural Rate Of Unemployment, Its Estimation, And Evaluation Of Its Estimators., Victor Vyron Claar Jan 2000

The Natural Rate Of Unemployment, Its Estimation, And Evaluation Of Its Estimators., Victor Vyron Claar

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This dissertation estimates a time series of the natural rate of unemployment via competing methods, and evaluates such methods both within sample and for forecasting purposes. The methods used include the Kalman and Hodrick-Prescott filters. Evaluation proceeds along two lines. First, a Phillips curve is used in order to assess how well deviations of actual inflation from expected inflation are explained by deviations of the actual unemployment rate from estimated natural rates within a given sample period. The evaluative criterion is the overall fit of each regression. The analysis indicates that the in-sample fit of the Phillips curve changes little …

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Part 1. Structure, Stability And Reactivity Of Small Organic Sulfinic And Sulfonic Acids: Toxicological Implications. Part 2. Role Of Charge Transfer Complexes In Oxidative Cleavage Of Benzpinacols By Iron(Iii) Trisphenanthroline., Serge Alex Svarovsky Jan 2000

Part 1. Structure, Stability And Reactivity Of Small Organic Sulfinic And Sulfonic Acids: Toxicological Implications. Part 2. Role Of Charge Transfer Complexes In Oxidative Cleavage Of Benzpinacols By Iron(Iii) Trisphenanthroline., Serge Alex Svarovsky

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Part 1. Structure, stability, and mechanisms of oxidation and hydrolysis of a number of thiourea-S-oxides (thiourea dioxide; N-methylthiourea dioxide; N,N′-dimethylthiourea dioxide; thiourea and N,N′-dimethylthiourea trioxides; and sodium hydroxymethanesulfinate) have been investigated by means of UV-VIS, stopped-flow; X-ray crystallography; molecular calculations; ESR; NMR; and oxygen consumption studies. It was found that oxidation of thioureas does not always proceed through the generally accepted successive addition of oxygen atom to the sulfur center. Instead, thiourea dioxides appear to be the major end product in these oxidations. Mechanism of hydrolysis of thiourea dioxides in basic media reveals complex chemical kinetics which involves initial heterolytic …

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The Effects Of On-Line Course Development, Prior Computer Experience, And Learning Style On Developers' Attitudes And Performance., James Takacs Jan 2000

The Effects Of On-Line Course Development, Prior Computer Experience, And Learning Style On Developers' Attitudes And Performance., James Takacs

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This study examined the effects of learning style, prior computer experience, and a 15-week, on-line development course on developers' attitudes and performance before, during, and after the instruction. The treatment, prior computer experience, and developers' learning style were used as the independent variables. Responses from the stages of concern instrument and final project performance scores were used as the dependent measures. Simple regressions and ANOVAs were used to determine whether any effects or relationships existed among the variables. The results of this study show no significant effects found in the relationship of learning style on developers' on-line course development performance …

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I. Chirality Transfer In The Allenic [2+2+1] Cycloaddition Reaction. Ii. An Approach Towards The Synthesis Of Antitumor Agent, (+/-)-Suberosenone, Using An Allenic [2+2+1] Cycloaddition Reaction., Angela Dawn Kerekes Jan 2000

I. Chirality Transfer In The Allenic [2+2+1] Cycloaddition Reaction. Ii. An Approach Towards The Synthesis Of Antitumor Agent, (+/-)-Suberosenone, Using An Allenic [2+2+1] Cycloaddition Reaction., Angela Dawn Kerekes

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The replacement of the alkene moiety with an allene functionality in the intramolecular Pauson-Khand (P-K) cycloaddition provides a novel route to either α-alkylidene or 4-alkylidene cyclopentenones, depending on the substrate and reaction conditions. 1,3-Disubstituted allenes in the presence of molybdenum hexacarbonyl, DMSO, and toluene at 110°C give α-alkylidene cyclopentenones as a mixture of E and Z stereoisomers. The ratio of E and Z isomers is also dependent upon the substrate and the reaction conditions. 1,3-Disubstituted allenes are very useful precursors for the synthesis of complex chiral compounds with the allene serving as the stereocontrolling group. We have developed a method …

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A Study Of Mentoring And The Acquisition Of The Elementary Principalship., Lorraine Weisser Hall Jan 2000

A Study Of Mentoring And The Acquisition Of The Elementary Principalship., Lorraine Weisser Hall

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This research employed a one-shot case study design to examine the relationship between the dependent variable, acquisition of the initial elementary principalship position, and several independent variables. Independent variables included the presence or lack of professional mentoring; the type of mentoring received by proteges; the gender of the mentor and protege; the perceived impact of mentoring, dependent upon the method of establishment of the relationship; and the career path of respondents. Additionally, the study examined the relationship between having been a protege and the tendency to mentor others. To examine these relationships, the Mentoring and the Elementary Principalship Survey was …

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Java Challenge Software Project, Karuna Annavajjala Dec 1999

Java Challenge Software Project, Karuna Annavajjala

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Programming contests are a means of exploiting the problem solving capabilities of developers and they provide a forum for display of extraordinary programming skills. The Java Challenge (JC) Software Project is the saga of creating an automated, secure and responsive programming contest system for deployment on the Internet and to collect information about programming practices, habits, and trends in coding in such restricted environment. The methodology followed to design, implement, and evaluate such a system uses new technologies such as the WWW, mail filtering and sandboxing techniques. The current Java Challenge implementation runs the Java Challenge on a Solaris 2.6 …

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Size Fractionation Of Bacterial Functional Diversity Within Soils, Krista Lynne Kinneer Dec 1999

Size Fractionation Of Bacterial Functional Diversity Within Soils, Krista Lynne Kinneer

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

BIOLOGRTM GN and GP microtitre plates were used to compare functional diversity of large (>0.45 mum, LC) and small (<0.45 mum, SC) cells within A and B horizons of cultivated and forested Guernsey silt-loam soil without enrichment and following enrichment in dilution culture. Without enrichment, SC exhibited limited substrate utilization compared with LC. B horizon SC failed to positively utilize any carbon substrates, which suggests that they may be physiologically inactive and/or metabolically distinct from those in A horizon soils. Following enrichment, A horizon SC from highly diluted enrichment cultures produced substrate utilization patterns distinct both from all enrichments of LC and from SC obtained in less dilute enrichments. At any given inoculum dilution, A horizon SC exhibited greater substrate utilization than B horizon SC, which exhibited positive substrate utilization following enrichment. Amplified ribosomal DNA (ARDRA) analyses of SC dilution culture enrichments demonstrated distinct bacterial sub-populations from a single soil sample.

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Performance Evaluation Of Exhaust Aftertreatment Devices Used For Emissions Control On Diesel Engines Employed In Underground Coal Mines, Daniel K. Carder Dec 1999

Performance Evaluation Of Exhaust Aftertreatment Devices Used For Emissions Control On Diesel Engines Employed In Underground Coal Mines, Daniel K. Carder

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This study was initiated to assist the WV Diesel Equipment Commission in its promulgation of initial rules, requirements, and standards governing the operation of diesel-powered equipment in underground coal mines. Four different engines and various exhaust after treatment devices that represent current levels of in-use technology were selected for performance evaluation. Both eddy-current and water-brake dynamometers were used to load the engines according to an ISO 8-Mode test cycle. Experimental emissions data, sampled from a full-flow dilution tunnel, suggests that particulate traps can reduce the mass emission rates of particulate matter (DPM) by nearly 90%, while reductions in fuel sulfur …

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Development Of A Method For Calculation Of Cardiac Output Using Doppler Ultrasound, Amit Diggikar Dec 1999

Development Of A Method For Calculation Of Cardiac Output Using Doppler Ultrasound, Amit Diggikar

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Cardiac output is the amount of blood pumped by the heart in one minute. The Doppler effect can be used to measure cardiac output by measuring the peak frequency, which is directly proportional to the velocity of blood flowing in the aorta, associated with the Doppler shift signal when an ultrasound beam is incident on the aorta. Stroke volume is the product of the cross sectional area of the aorta and the integration of peak velocity over time. Stroke volume times the heart rate is the cardiac output. This project attempts to develop an algorithm that would automatically calculates the …

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Effects Of Turbidity On The Foraging Abilities Of Brook Trout (Salvelinus Fontinalis) And Smallmouth Bass (Micropterus Dolomieu), John A. Sweka Dec 1999

Effects Of Turbidity On The Foraging Abilities Of Brook Trout (Salvelinus Fontinalis) And Smallmouth Bass (Micropterus Dolomieu), John A. Sweka

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Sedimentation is the major pollutant of waters in North America. Most research on the effects of increased sedimentation has focussed on its effects on stream habitat and its ramification on the reproductive potential of fish. Although relatively large sediment loads may be necessary to alter stream habitat, only small loads are needed to raise mean stream turbidity levels. Turbidity may be an important, yet relatively unexamined factor in stream fish production. With this, I sought to determine the influence of elevated turbidity on the foraging abilities of two predatory species representing both cold and warm water stream habitas, brook trout …

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Role Of Iron In The Accumulation Of Glomalin, An Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungal Glycoprotein, Kristine Ann Nichols Dec 1999

Role Of Iron In The Accumulation Of Glomalin, An Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungal Glycoprotein, Kristine Ann Nichols

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Effects of iron on production of glomalin, an arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal glycoprotein, were examined. In a preliminary experiment comparing available (FeEDDHA) and unavailable iron (hematite), low amounts of glomalin were produced with the former while the latter total inhibited the symbiosis. Part of the effect of hematite was reduced spore germination. A glycoprotein cross-reacting with a monoclonal antibody against glomalin was produced in nonmycorrhizal pots. This molecule is similar to glomalin, but has some unique characteristics. Concentration increases when C3 and C4 grasses are stressed from low nutrients and/or light but levels are at least 10-fold less than glomalin. Two …

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Functional Diversity And Life History Traits Of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi In Disturbed Soils, Kelly Marie Fleming Dec 1999

Functional Diversity And Life History Traits Of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi In Disturbed Soils, Kelly Marie Fleming

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Relative effectiveness of ten species of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi native to a revegetated coal strip mine site was tested on red clover against a non-mycorrhizal control and against inocula of two commercial isolates. Most (70%) of the isolated species in a native fungal community were as effective at promoting growth as commercial isolates. The net benefit of native colonizing fungi likely was positive, since the majority of the fungi colonizing two-year-old apple and grape in the field also were effective symbionts. The relationship between colonization and sporulation was compared among one Acaulospora , two Glomus, one Gigaspora, and one Scutellospora …

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Measurement Of Particulate Matter Size, Concentration And Mass Emissions From In-Use Heavy Duty Vehicles, Richard Jason Byers Dec 1999

Measurement Of Particulate Matter Size, Concentration And Mass Emissions From In-Use Heavy Duty Vehicles, Richard Jason Byers

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

As technological advancements lower heavy duty vehicle particulate matter (PM) mass emission rates, there is concern that these improvements are increasing the toxicity of the PM by virtue of a subsequent reduction in particle size. These ultrafine particles are able to better penetrate the alveolar region where they can cause serious lung disorders. Alternative fuels such as compressed and liquefied natural gas (CNG and LNG) and the synthetic diesel fuel Mossgas are attractive in that they reduce the levels of total PM. However, use of natural gas in internal combustion engines may produce a larger number of smaller particles than …

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Oocyte Morphology And Estrogen Concentrations Following A Reduction In Progesterone In Beef Cattle, Robert A. Taft Jr. Dec 1999

Oocyte Morphology And Estrogen Concentrations Following A Reduction In Progesterone In Beef Cattle, Robert A. Taft Jr.

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Low dosages of progestogens promote persistent follicles, high systemic estrogen and low fertility. The objectives of this study were to determine effects of a reduction in progesterone on (1) morphology of oocytes and intrafollicular concentrations of estradiol. Cows on low progesterone (n = 12) received used intravaginal progesterone inserts on d 4 after estrus and prostaglandin (PG) F2alpha (25 mg, i.m.) on d 6. Control animals (n = 12) received saline on d 6. The oocyte and follicular fluid were recovered from the largest follicle on d 8 or d 10.;Serum estradiol was lower during d 4--6 but greater (P < .01) during d 7--10 in cows treated with progesterone inserts and PGF 2alpha while the largest follicle was larger in treated cows on day 10 only (14 vs. 12 mm; P < .05). Intrafollicular concentrations of estrogen were greater in treated than in control cows (990 +/- 87 vs 191 +/- 106; P < .01). Progesterone in follicular fluid (mean = 42 ng/ml) did not differ. Oocytes were observed in oocyte nuclear stage I in the control group on d 8. All other oocytes were in nuclear stage II. In addition, the degree of clumping of mitochondria, the percentage of intact cumulus cell processes and percentage of normally shaped mitochondria was greater in oocytes from d 8 control cows than in all other groups.;Changes in concentrations of estradiol and oocyte morphology typically associated with the preovulatory period had occurred within 2 d after a reduction in progesterone, even when low peripheral concentrations of progesterone were maintained. These earliest stages of oocyte maturation occurred in response to a reduction in progesterone. Similar changes in oocyte morphology were observed in control animals by d 10 of the estrous cycle, probably representing the onset of atresia.

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