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Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy Of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell Stacks, Brian J. Hetzer Aug 2004

Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy Of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell Stacks, Brian J. Hetzer

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) is applied to a small, four cell Proton Exchange Membrane (PEM) fuel cell stack to examine the stack response as the load current changes. The measured stack response is compared to a simulated response generated by a stack model that has been developed using MATLAB. The results show that the model predicted well the behavior of the VI curve for currents less than 50 Amps. The model also qualitatively predicted the impedance response as a function of current and frequency. Because of apparent model incompleteness, it was not able to predict accurately the shape of the …

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Effects Of Artificial Neural Network Speed-Based Inputs On Heavy-Duty Vehicle Emissions Prediction, Nastaran Hashemi Aug 2004

Effects Of Artificial Neural Network Speed-Based Inputs On Heavy-Duty Vehicle Emissions Prediction, Nastaran Hashemi

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The PM split study was performed in Southern California on thirty-four heavy-duty diesel vehicles using the West Virginia University Transportable Heavy-Duty Vehicle Emissions Testing Laboratories to gather emissions data of these vehicles. The data obtained from six vehicles in the 1985--2001 model year and 33,000--80,000 lb weight range exercised through three different cycles were selected in this thesis. To predict the instantaneous levels of oxides of nitrogen (NOx), carbon dioxide (CO2), hydrocarbons (HC) and carbon monoxide (CO), an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) was used. Axle speed, torque, their rates of change over different time periods and two other variables as …

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Acoustical And Flow Characteristics Of A Cough As An Index Of Pulmonary Function In The Guinea Pig, Joshua W. Day Aug 2004

Acoustical And Flow Characteristics Of A Cough As An Index Of Pulmonary Function In The Guinea Pig, Joshua W. Day

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Human studies indicate that cough sound and flow analysis may be useful for diagnosing pulmonary abnormalities. The purpose of this study was to evaluate an animal model for cough sound and flow analysis. A system was designed to expose guinea pigs to aerosols of citric acid (0.39M) and record resulting coughs at different stages of chemically induced specific airway resistance (sRAW). Coughs were divided into three categories (low sRAW, n = 113; moderate sRAW, n = 143; high sR AW, n = 93). 124 cough sound parameters were derived from the analysis of the sound pressure waves recorded during the …

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Effect Of Watering Regime And Media Components On The Production Of Organic Tomato Transplants, Melissa C. Vantine Aug 2004

Effect Of Watering Regime And Media Components On The Production Of Organic Tomato Transplants, Melissa C. Vantine

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

In order to find appropriate methods to produce quality organic tomato transplants, tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum cv. WV '63) seedlings were grown in four growing media containing various ratios of composted animal manure and were compared to transplants grown in a conventional peat-lite mix receiving synthetic fertilizers. These five media were watered according to eight watering regimes, including five watering levels and three watering regimes containing compost tea. Composted horse and cow manure can be used in part or instead of peat in organic potting mixes. The ratio of compost used will depend on characteristics of the compost and will also …

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Adolescents' Perceptions Of Interparental Conflict And The Impact On Their Aggressive Communication Traits, Christine E. Kunkle Aug 2004

Adolescents' Perceptions Of Interparental Conflict And The Impact On Their Aggressive Communication Traits, Christine E. Kunkle

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This study examines the relationship between interparental conflict and adolescents' aggressive communication while utilizing tolerance for disagreement as a mediating variable. Participants were 159 high school students. Participants completed a modified version of the Children's Perception of Interparental Conflict Scale (Grych, Seid, & Fincham, 1992), the Argumentativeness Scale (Infante & Rancer, 1982), the Verbal Aggressiveness Scale (Infante & Wigley, 1986), and the Revised Tolerance for Disagreement Scale (Teven, Martin, & Neupauer, 1998). No significant relationships were found between perceived interparental conflict and adolescents' tendencies to approach arguments, adolescents' tendencies to avoid arguments, and adolescents' verbal aggressiveness. When controlling for tolerance …

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Diet, Physical Activity, And Television Viewing In Relation To The Body Weight Status Of West Virginia Adolescents, Kimberly M. Morris Aug 2004

Diet, Physical Activity, And Television Viewing In Relation To The Body Weight Status Of West Virginia Adolescents, Kimberly M. Morris

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Context. The obesity epidemic is now threatening youth. Yet little is known regarding the factors associated with adolescent weight status.;Objective. To determine whether dietary intakes, physical activity, and hours spent viewing television are related to the body weight status of West Virginia adolescents.;Design, setting, and participants. This descriptive study included survey, diet recall, and body mass index data from 1,036, 14--20 year olds attending West Virginia high schools during the years 2002 to 2003.;Results. Overweight students consumed less kilocalories (∼378) (P < .001), less servings of total grains (P < .01) and a greater percentage of their energy from protein (P = .01). A significantly less amount of overweight students reported participating in strengthening/toning physical activities on three or more days of the week (P < .01).;Conclusion. Overweight adolescents within the state of West Virginia appear more likely to restrict their energy intake rather than exercise to lose weight. Thus, public health intervention strategies to help these students reach a healthy weight while maintaining adequate nutrition are imperative.

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Ctp Synthase And Transporter Function In Coxiella Burnetii, Jeffrey D. Miller Aug 2004

Ctp Synthase And Transporter Function In Coxiella Burnetii, Jeffrey D. Miller

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Coxiella burnetii is a gram negative, obligate intracellular parasite that can only replicate in the acidified environment of a phagosome. Like other intracellular parasites, C. burnetii depends on the host cell for many of the substrates required for growth, such as amino acids. It had been observed that avirulent C. burnetii Nine Mile strain (Phase II) organisms in BHK-21 fibroblasts displayed improved growth when extracellular cytidine was introduced to infected cultures. This improved growth was not observed in wild type organisms in the same cell system. This observation, coupled with early enzyme activity studies, suggested that Phase II organisms had …

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Application Of Digital Infrared Thermography For Nondestructive Evaluation Of Composite Bridge Components, Archana Vasudevan May 2004

Application Of Digital Infrared Thermography For Nondestructive Evaluation Of Composite Bridge Components, Archana Vasudevan

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The objective of this research is to evaluate the applicability of digital infrared thermographic system to detect subsurface defects such as debonds and delaminations in Fiber Reinforced Polymer (FRP) bridge decks and other composite bridge components such as beams and columns wrapped with steel or FRP jacket.;This thesis investigates the use of digital infrared thermography on FRP bridge decks both under laboratory and field conditions. Air-filled and water-filled debonds were inserted between the wearing surface and the underlying FRP deck. Also, simulated subsurface delaminations (of various sizes and thickness) were created at the flange-to-flange junction between two FRP deck modules.;The …

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Knowledge And Dissemination Of Sustainable Agriculture Practices By County Extension Agents In Ohio, Pennsylvania, And West Virginia, Erin M. Hersman May 2004

Knowledge And Dissemination Of Sustainable Agriculture Practices By County Extension Agents In Ohio, Pennsylvania, And West Virginia, Erin M. Hersman

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The purpose of this study was to determine the level of knowledge and preparation that Extension educators possess concerning the numerous dimensions of sustainable agriculture. From this information, a relationship between the amount of education that Extension educators receive about sustainable agriculture and the amount of information that Extension educators offer to their clientele about this topic was determined. Part-time agriculturalists were perceived to attend workshops/meetings based on sustainable agriculture practices, use more fact sheets or publications on the concepts of sustainable agriculture, and, in turn, apply more concepts of sustainable agriculture. Full-time agriculturalists were attending the workshops and/or meetings …

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Brook Trout Bioenergetics And The Use Of Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis For Proximate Composition, Marlin Keith Cox Ii May 2004

Brook Trout Bioenergetics And The Use Of Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis For Proximate Composition, Marlin Keith Cox Ii

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Three aspects of a bioenergetics model were examined for brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) in the laboratory: (1) refinement of the metabolism parameter estimations, (2) calculation of activity rates and (3) subsequent validation of the brook trout model. An integral part of bioenergetics modeling is the initial inputs of predator and prey energy density from body composition estimations. We present bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) as a means of rapidly estimating body composition in fish and then adjusted variables that may affect these predictions. We also used this tool and applied it to a compensatory growth study. Brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) were …

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Detection Of Coached Malingering Of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, Jennifer L. Guriel May 2004

Detection Of Coached Malingering Of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, Jennifer L. Guriel

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Although assessing malingering is recognized as a challenge to mental health professionals who evaluate posttraumatic stress symptomatology, little empirical investigation into which factors may impact an individual's ability to feign symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) has been conducted. This study utilized 113 undergraduate students in a simulation design to examine the effects that traumatic exposure (i.e., a history of experiencing or witnessing a traumatic event) and coaching (i.e., providing participants with information on PTSD symptoms and strategies for avoiding detection on psychological validity indices) had on the ability to feign posttraumatic stress symptoms. Vulnerability of three different types of …

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Effects Of A Curricular Model On Skill Development, Knowledge, And Game Performance, Tony Pritchard May 2004

Effects Of A Curricular Model On Skill Development, Knowledge, And Game Performance, Tony Pritchard

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Being able to play a sport has been a primary goal of any physical education program (NASPE, 1995). A tool used by physical education teachers in promoting sport has been the use of curricular models. Two models that have been of interest have been the Sport Education Curricular Model (SECM) and a multi-activity model. With little research investigating how these two models influence game play in the secondary level; the purpose of this study was to investigate how the SECM and a longer version of the multi-activity model called the Extended Multi-Activity Model (EMAM) would affect skill development, knowledge, and …

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Critical Features Of Antigen-Specific And Allospecific Recognition By Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes, Marc A. Frankenberry May 2004

Critical Features Of Antigen-Specific And Allospecific Recognition By Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes, Marc A. Frankenberry

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

In general, CD8+ T lymphocytes respond to a single class I MHC/peptide complex, a phenomenon known as "MHC self-restriction". We previously reported that CD8+ CTLs from C57BL/6 mice were restricted to both H-2Kb and H-2Db when responding to the horse cyt c-derived peptide, p41--49. In Part I of this dissertation, we examine structural features of H-2Kb/cyt c and H-2Db/cyt c complexes responsible for dual recognition. B6.H-4.1c, a representative cloned CTL, was induced by similar concentrations of native peptide added to either H-2Kb- or H-2Db-expressing targets. Furthermore, the dissociation rates for both H-2Kb/cyt c and H-2D b/cyt c were comparable, but …

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Modeled Sulfur Dioxide Exposure From A Proposed Coal Fired Power Plant, Using Geographic Information Systems And Air Dispersion Modeling, Steven Jason Hutchens May 2004

Modeled Sulfur Dioxide Exposure From A Proposed Coal Fired Power Plant, Using Geographic Information Systems And Air Dispersion Modeling, Steven Jason Hutchens

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This study models the contribution of sulfur dioxide (SO 2) from a proposed coal fired power plant (CFPP) above existing ambient levels. Most vulnerable to SO2 exposure appear to be the elderly, young, and diseased, here identified as sensitive receptors (SR). Epidemiologic studies suggest 260mug/m3 as the lowest toxic threshold for SR exposure. It was hypothesized that added SO2 concentrations to existing ambient levels at regional sensitive receptors, under worst case scenario, would not exceed 260mug/m3.;The methods used identify and quantify density locations of localized SR using geographic information systems. Modeled worst case air dispersion concentration exposure to localized SR …

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Coronal Microleakage Of A Dentin Bonding Agent When Used In The Presence Of A Eugenol Containing Endodontic Sealer, Jeffrey G. Minchau May 2004

Coronal Microleakage Of A Dentin Bonding Agent When Used In The Presence Of A Eugenol Containing Endodontic Sealer, Jeffrey G. Minchau

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The propose of this dye and SEM study was to evaluate the cleansing capabilities of two solvents ethyl alcohol and chloroform, prior to dentin bonding in the coronal chambers of endodontically treated teeth obturated with either a eugenol or resin-based sealer. A total of 156 extracted human molar teeth were divided into 6 groups and obturated with either a eugenol-based (Roth's, Grossman), or a resin-based (AH Plus, Kerr) endodontic sealer. Samples were thermocycled and placed into India Ink or silver nitrate for (SEM samples). All teeth were cleared and evaluated for coronal microleakage. A significant difference was found between the …

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Forensic Information Management System, Arunshankar Srinivasan May 2004

Forensic Information Management System, Arunshankar Srinivasan

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The primary objectives of this project were to reduce the paper work, increase data reliability and reduce process turnaround time at the West Virginia State Police Forensic Laboratory (WVSPFL) Charleston, WV. The objective was achieved by reengineering and automating various processes in the seven units of the laboratory. A software tool called Forensic Information Management System (FIMS) was developed. FIMS was implemented in Visual Studio.Net; MS-SQL server was used as the database. The FIMS can be accessed via the internet/intranet, Personal Digital Assistant (PDA), or a stand-alone desktop computer. The key benefits of FIMS are its ability to integrate information …

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Understanding The Relationship Between Self-Esteem And Current Grade Point Average Of College Undergraduates, Jennifer L. Wiles May 2004

Understanding The Relationship Between Self-Esteem And Current Grade Point Average Of College Undergraduates, Jennifer L. Wiles

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The author investigated the relationship between undergraduates' self-esteem (current and retrospective) and their current grade point average. Specifically, the author investigated the relationship between students' self-esteem (fifth grade, eleventh grade, and undergraduate) and their current undergraduate grade point average. A sample of 95 college students from West Virginia University completed the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale. The author assessed the relationship by performing six correlations and three reliability estimates for each self-esteem survey. The results showed a strong correlation between fifth grade self-esteem and current grade point average, but there was no significant correlation at the eleventh grade and undergraduate level. Also, …

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Effective Verbal Behaviors During Cognitive Collaboration By Older Adult Partners, Kristopher J. Kimbler May 2004

Effective Verbal Behaviors During Cognitive Collaboration By Older Adult Partners, Kristopher J. Kimbler

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The present study examined interactive behaviors in older adults (N = 80 individuals). The main goal of the current study was to examine the process of collaboration and how the interactive process related to the collaborative outcome. Three research questions were addressed. First, did partners exhibit similar levels of interactive behavior or did collaborative behaviors vary by partner familiarity, performance order, or sex? Second, to what extent did individual variables predict interactive behaviors? Finally, how were the dyadic interactive behaviors related to the outcome of the collaboration? The proportion of interactive behaviors varied based on performance order and partner familiarity. …

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Examining Internal Programmatic Assessments Implemented By Physician Assistant Educators, Donald G. Shipman May 2004

Examining Internal Programmatic Assessments Implemented By Physician Assistant Educators, Donald G. Shipman

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Programmatic student learning outcomes assessment is the process of collecting and analyzing data from a myriad of differing sources in order to develop deeper understandings of what students know, understand, and can do with their knowledge as a result of their educational experiences; this cyclic process then utilizes assessment results to improve teaching, learning, and programs (Huba & Freed, 2000). In examining the assessments implemented by Physician Assistant (PA) educators today, a mixed-methods study (i.e., Concurrent Nested Design) utilizing survey research and document analysis was used to conduct a census of all 133 PA program directors in the nation. The …

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Factors Influencing Older Adult Collaboration On Health Problems, Kelly L. Snyder May 2004

Factors Influencing Older Adult Collaboration On Health Problems, Kelly L. Snyder

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The current study examined the factors (i.e., gender, marital status, domain and severity of the problem) that influence older adults' strategy ratings on health-related problems. One hundred twenty-eight community-dwelling adults aged 60 and older (M = 71.4 years, SD = 7.21) rated strategies to solve four hypothetical health problems in two domains: heart, arthritis (one mild problem and one severe problem in each domain). Overall, results suggest that gender and marital status, as well as the domain, and severity of health problems impact older adults' rating of strategies to solve health-related problems. The effects of gender, marital status and severity …

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Teachers' Perceptions Of The Goals Of Secondary Schools Physical Education In State Of Kuwait, Obaid Alshammari May 2004

Teachers' Perceptions Of The Goals Of Secondary Schools Physical Education In State Of Kuwait, Obaid Alshammari

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The purpose of this study was to investigate the perceptions of the Kuwait physical education teachers relevant to the goals of the physical education program for secondary schools. Data were collected from a sample consisting of 200 (n = 200) physical education teachers teaching in six provinces in Kuwait. For data collection, a five-point Likert scale questionnaire, named "Kuwaiti Physical Education Goals" (KPEG) was designed. The instrument asked the participants to indicate the level of agreement with four categories of physical education goals. In addition, differences in teachers based on gender between physical education teachers' perceptions were investigated. An examination …

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Viewing Themes Of Teaching And Learning With A Phenomenological Lens, Katina L. Sayers May 2004

Viewing Themes Of Teaching And Learning With A Phenomenological Lens, Katina L. Sayers

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The purpose of this qualitative study is to explore understandings pre-service teachers, in-service teachers, and college faculty hold towards learning and teaching, the types of classroom setting that best contributes to teaching and learning, and the kinds of experiences that are meaningful. These 'understandings' were compared to existing ideas in the literature to determine whether or not teachers are responding to post-modern thought related to the issues of concern.;Using common and not-so-common qualitative research methods, data was gathered from nine participants through face-to-face interviews, documents, observations, journal entries, and photo-elicitation interviews. For data analysis and interpretation, an inductive emergent design …

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Nutrient Intake Of Wic Participants Ages 6--28 Months Compared To Dietary Reference Intakes, Kara L. Turner May 2004

Nutrient Intake Of Wic Participants Ages 6--28 Months Compared To Dietary Reference Intakes, Kara L. Turner

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Consuming the proper amounts of nutrients is important in each stage of life. Infants and toddlers especially need to consume the right amounts of nutrients for optimal growth and development. This study examined the nutrient intake and dietary variety of infants and toddlers ages 6--28 months enrolled in the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children. The data were collected from 87 participants in ten rural West Virginia counties. The two age groups analyzed were 6--11.9 months and 12--28 months.;Two multi-pass 24-hour dietary recalls were obtained from caregivers of the child. These recalls were compared to the current …

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Assessment Of Tractor And All-Terrain Vehicle Safety Programs Available To Youth In West Virginia, Renee D. Chambers May 2004

Assessment Of Tractor And All-Terrain Vehicle Safety Programs Available To Youth In West Virginia, Renee D. Chambers

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The purpose of this study was to identify the number and types of tractor and ATV safety programs available to youth in West Virginia through the Extension Service and secondary agricultural education programs. The target population of this study included county Extension agents and secondary agricultural educators in West Virginia employed during the winter of 2003--2004. A descriptive research design was utilized in this study. Thirty-five percent of Extension agents and 64.5% of agricultural educators provided tractor safety educational activities to youth. One-third of Extension agents and one-fifth of agricultural educators offered ATV safety educational activities. Age groups targeted the …

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Interaction Between Primary Alveolar Macrophages And Primary Alveolar Type Ii Cells Under Basal Conditions And After Lipopolysaccharide Or Quartz Exposure, Rania S. Kanj May 2004

Interaction Between Primary Alveolar Macrophages And Primary Alveolar Type Ii Cells Under Basal Conditions And After Lipopolysaccharide Or Quartz Exposure, Rania S. Kanj

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Evidence suggests that hyperproduction of reactive oxidants and inflammatory mediators plays a critical role in adverse pulmonary responses to silica or lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The main objective of this study was to contribute to advancing the understanding of the role of AM's and type II (TII) cells in the induction of pulmonary inflammation and injury in response to silica and LPS, and improve our understanding of the interaction between AM's and TII cells which would occur in vivo. To reach this objective, three aims were put forth. (1) Determine the relative responsiveness of primary rat AM's, primary rat TII cells and …

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Identification And Functional Characterization Of Cataract-Specific Gene Expression Changes Reveals Important Pathways For Human Lens Maintenance, Aging And Disease, John R. Hawse Iv May 2004

Identification And Functional Characterization Of Cataract-Specific Gene Expression Changes Reveals Important Pathways For Human Lens Maintenance, Aging And Disease, John R. Hawse Iv

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Human age-related cataract, and opacity of the eye lens, is a multifactorial disease with a poorly understood etiology and is the leading cause of world blindness and low vision. It has been estimated that any therapy that could delay the onset of age-related cataract by ten years would halve the number of individuals requiring surgery in their lifetime. To accomplish such a feat, it is essential to understand the molecular mechanisms and biological pathways associated with this disease. Here, I describe the global gene expression profiles of human age-related cataracts compared to clear lenses, differentiate these changes from those that …

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Establishing Control Of Stereotypy By An Antecedent Stimulus Using Punishment, Shannon S. Haag May 2004

Establishing Control Of Stereotypy By An Antecedent Stimulus Using Punishment, Shannon S. Haag

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Few studies have demonstrated conclusively that the use of punishment in the presence of an antecedent stimulus can bring responding under control of that stimulus. The purpose of this study was to determine stereotypy could be controlled by antecedent stimuli due to a differential history of punishment, and, if so, whether participants would then request the stimulus correlated with nonpunishment. Three adults with mental retardation participated. In Experiment 1, analog functional analyses were conducted to develop hypotheses about the effects of environmental variables on participants' repetitive behaviors. Results of Experiment 1 suggested that the responding of all participants likely was …

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Three Essays On Transfers, Trade Policy And Welfare, Jonathan Munemo May 2004

Three Essays On Transfers, Trade Policy And Welfare, Jonathan Munemo

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The objective of this dissertation is to incorporate foreign capital goods and underemployment in the welfare analysis of transfers and trade policies. We build a two-good, two-country general equilibrium model, which takes into account the use of foreign capital in the import competing sector of a developing country. The developing country receives transfers in the form of financial resources or capital goods from a developed country. Financial transfers induce changes in commodity terms of trade, which in turn affects capital inflows and the price of imported capital. The welfare effect of financial transfers is considered in the context of induced …

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Mechanisms Of Retroviral Reverse Transcription And Assembly, Sara Kirsten Rasmussen May 2004

Mechanisms Of Retroviral Reverse Transcription And Assembly, Sara Kirsten Rasmussen

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The work described in these dissertation studies examines three aspects of retrovirus replication and dissects the uncovered phenomena to increase understanding of how retroviruses thrive in complex host environments. The first aspect of replication discussed is the mechanisms behind minus-strand DNA transfer, a crucial step of reverse transcription. We proved for the first time that non-viral sequences can be utilized to carry out this step of the replication process, and that the minus-strand DNA transfer step can be exploited to reconstitute a functional gene in the infected host cell. This finding serves as a proof-of-principle for a new class of …

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Correlates Of 9-Month-Old Infants' Night Awakening, Cheryl Wiedman May 2004

Correlates Of 9-Month-Old Infants' Night Awakening, Cheryl Wiedman

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

There are individual differences in 9-month-old infants' night awakening behavior. Some infants are able to soothe themselves back to sleep however; others are unable to fall back asleep without parental intervention. Attending to a waking infant frequently during the night may cause problems for parents due to the effects of sleep deprivation. In particular, mothers of infants who are sleep deprived as a result of their infants' frequent night awakenings have been found to experience deficits in mood and perceptions of their infants. Given that there are individual differences in night awakening behavior the present study sought to determine: (1) …

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