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Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

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Identification Of Early Behavioral Markers Of Anxiety And Social Withdrawal In Preschool Children, Chelsea M. Ale Aug 2012

Identification Of Early Behavioral Markers Of Anxiety And Social Withdrawal In Preschool Children, Chelsea M. Ale

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This study examined an observational method for identifying specific behaviors to indicate social anxiety and social withdrawal in preschool children. During an interaction task with a novel adult, 28 children (ages 4 and 5) were observed for specific verbal and non-verbal behaviors (i.e., total utterances, commands, questions, unsolicited conversation, direct responses, eye gaze aversion, non-verbal response, physical distancing, freezing, smiling ) and global behaviors (i.e., shyness, volume or speech, and postural rigidity), theoretically relevant to early childhood social anxiety. Behaviors observed during the interaction task were examined in relation to the parent-reported Spence Preschool Anxiety Scale's social anxiety subscale (Spence, …

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Vocal Variability In Autism Spectrum Disorders: Assessment And Intervention To Increase Novel Vocalizations In Non-Verbal Children, Allison Serra Tetreault Aug 2012

Vocal Variability In Autism Spectrum Disorders: Assessment And Intervention To Increase Novel Vocalizations In Non-Verbal Children, Allison Serra Tetreault

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) are disorders characterized by repetitive and stereotyped behavior. Research shows that these behaviors interfere with typical development and with the acquisition of new skills, including vocal communication. For many children with ASD who are unable to imitate others and who have limited vocal repertoires, few vocal training interventions are available. Research on operant variability, however, indicates that the direct reinforcement of varied sounds may create a larger set of vocal responses. This enlarged response class could then be used to shape functional vocal communication. In the first of three studies, the existing vocal repertoires of 10 …

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The Association Of Social Anxiety And Parenting Factors With Adolescent Use Of Facebook, Brian Creasy Aug 2012

The Association Of Social Anxiety And Parenting Factors With Adolescent Use Of Facebook, Brian Creasy

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Computers and the Internet play a substantial role in how adolescents communicate with one another. Social networking websites, in particular, are a popular medium used by adolescents in which users can develop and maintain a large number of relationships from a single profile page. Facebook represents one of the most widely used social networking websites; however, little is known about the types of factors that are associated with the way in which adolescents use it. The present study examined the association of social anxiety and parenting with adolescent Facebook use. One hundred and sixty-two adolescents between the ages of 16 …

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Reversible Myocardial Dysfunction In A Rodent Model Of Prenatal Stress, Jessalyn Marie Hadfield Aug 2012

Reversible Myocardial Dysfunction In A Rodent Model Of Prenatal Stress, Jessalyn Marie Hadfield

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Compelling clinical reports indicate that emotional/behavioral stress alone is sufficient to cause profound, but completely reversible myocardial dysfunction in selected individuals. A rodent cardiomyopathy model was previously reported by combining pre-natal and post-natal behavioral/restraint stress (Stress). A decrease in % FS (the ratio between the diameter of the left ventricle when it is relaxed and when it is contracted) by echocardiogram was previously reported, along with both systolic and diastolic dysfunction by catheter-based hemodynamics, as well as attenuated hemodynamic and inotropic responses to the beta adrenergic agonist, isoproterenol (ISO) in Stress compared with matched Controls. The p38mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase …

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Effects Of Pellet Die Heat And Pressure On Pellet Quality And Broiler Lysine Utilization, Kevin Joseph Shipe Aug 2012

Effects Of Pellet Die Heat And Pressure On Pellet Quality And Broiler Lysine Utilization, Kevin Joseph Shipe

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The objective of this study was to identify feed manufacture techniques that alter lysine availability as indicated by broiler performance in the finishing phase, diet furfural content, and true amino acid digestibility. Production rate, pellet die specification, and level of mixer-added fat (MAF) influence feed exposure to pellet die frictional heat and pressure that may alter chemical structure of ingredients. Lysine has been indicated as a nutrient with potential to be structurally altered, especially in the presence of heat and reducing sugars, as in Maillard reactions; decreasing nutrient availability. A practical diet containing 7.5% bakery by-product meal and 0.13% lysine …

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Genetic Basis For Thermal Tolerance In Two Different Strains Of Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus Mykiss): Case Western And Kamloops, Paola Reale Aug 2012

Genetic Basis For Thermal Tolerance In Two Different Strains Of Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus Mykiss): Case Western And Kamloops, Paola Reale

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This thesis examines the thermal tolerance based on how expression of Heat Shock Protein (HSP) 70 and HSP90 differ between two different strains of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), the Case Western strain and the Kamloops strain, and determines if cortisol levels affect HSP expression in red blood cells. The Case Western strain is considered the only warm water trout, only recently was any aspect of its thermal tolerance quantified. Porto (2012) determined critical thermal maxima (CTM) for the Case Western strain and found it to be about 0.15 °C higher than the Kamloops strain. This thesis is comprised of three …

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A Retrospective Clinical Study To Evaluate Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (Mta) As A Direct Pulp Capping Agent In A One-Visit Protocol, Patrick J. Petley Aug 2012

A Retrospective Clinical Study To Evaluate Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (Mta) As A Direct Pulp Capping Agent In A One-Visit Protocol, Patrick J. Petley

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The purpose of this study was to demonstrate the long-term success that can be achieved by the use of Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (MTA) as a pulp capping agent, demonstrate the simplicity of the procedure, and overcome the commonly held objections of cost, difficult handling characteristics, and the need for two appointments to complete the procedure.;A single visit protocol was utilized in the completion of forty-eight pulp cap procedures with twenty-seven procedures available for recall. The MTA pulp cap was covered with glass ionomer liner and then restored with a bonded composite or amalgam. Teeth were evaluated for sensitivity to percussion, …

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Land As A Renewable Resource: Integrating Climate, Energy, And Profitability Goals Using An Agent-Based Netlogo Model, Inocencio Rodriguez Aug 2012

Land As A Renewable Resource: Integrating Climate, Energy, And Profitability Goals Using An Agent-Based Netlogo Model, Inocencio Rodriguez

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The objectives of this study center over the course of the beef production life cycle as a management strategy to optimize the financial and natural resource endowment on farms at the county level based on the data available. Although the application is to West Virginia, implications can be derived for other areas with similar resource endowments. The beef farms located in adjacent locations within a county are identified as suppliers of inputs to the farm of interest (or contracting farm) in order to provide the basic foundation for agglomeration economies.;Both an intertemporal component and a spatial component are involved since …

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The Social Context Of Smoking: Measuring Social Capital Among College Students, Traci Dawn Jarrett Aug 2012

The Social Context Of Smoking: Measuring Social Capital Among College Students, Traci Dawn Jarrett

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Social capital is an ecological theory that explains access to resources as a result of social relationships between individuals and communities. The appeal of social capital across scientific disciplines, including public health, lies in its ability to account for multiple individual and ecological factors in relation to health outcomes, economic and social disparity, and social empowerment as a result of social connections. However, scientists do not agree on the most appropriate indicators of social capital, and a panel of experts tasked with developing a methodological approach to measure social capital indicate that measurement should be context specific. Currently, there are …

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Driving Cycle Properties And Their Influence On Fuel Consumption And Emissions, Oscar Francisco Delgado-Neira Aug 2012

Driving Cycle Properties And Their Influence On Fuel Consumption And Emissions, Oscar Francisco Delgado-Neira

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

When developing regulations or preparing emissions inventory models for on-road mobile sources, it is of critical importance to obtain representative values of fuel consumption and emissions rates that accurately represent the vehicle behavior for varying vehicle operation. Unfortunately, fuel consumption and emissions are often only known for a few test cycles which generally represent limited types of vehicle activity. It is known that distance-specific emissions and vehicle fuel consumption strongly depend on the vehicle activity and this dependency causes difficulties when trying to estimate fuel consumption and emissions over different vehicle activity than the original test cycle(s). The central hypothesis …

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Effectiveness Of A Flanged And Unflanged Small Rectangular Capturing Hood, Stephen Philip Kasberger Aug 2012

Effectiveness Of A Flanged And Unflanged Small Rectangular Capturing Hood, Stephen Philip Kasberger

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Capturing hoods are an important tool for protecting workers from hazardous airborne exposures and often preferred because their small sizes offers little interference to the worker or process. Current ventilation guidelines for capturing hood assume that exceeding a recommended capture velocity ensures an acceptable degree of effectiveness. That assumption has little basis in scientific studies. This study investigated the effectiveness of a 6 inch by 12 inch rectangular capturing hood centered on a work table with a manikin acting as a surrogate for a worker.;The study utilized a tracer gas (Freon-134a) to evaluate effectiveness of a capturing hood at three …

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Insertion Loss Of A Simple Plywood Noise Enclosure, Justin Lamper Aug 2012

Insertion Loss Of A Simple Plywood Noise Enclosure, Justin Lamper

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Noise enclosures are used to reduce noise exposures to the employee. Some problems with commercial noise enclosures is they tend to be expensive and often provide much more insertion loss (IL) than is truly needed. The two studies described here tested the effectiveness of a simple plywood noise enclosure with a size of 75 cm x 75 cm x 75 cm. To determine the IL of the enclosure an OROS OR 38 noise analyzer was used in conjunction with eight PCB piezotronic microphones located at four and eight feet from the source perpendicular to each vertical side of the enclosure.;Study …

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A Structured Approach For Facilitating The Implementation Of Iso 50001 Standard In Manufacturing Industry, Kartik Ramamoorthy Aug 2012

A Structured Approach For Facilitating The Implementation Of Iso 50001 Standard In Manufacturing Industry, Kartik Ramamoorthy

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Technical solutions and technological changes alone cannot sustain energy saving improvements and promote continual improvement in an organization. Successful bridging between technical and management principles to implement an energy management system would lead to energy savings. To overcome the lack of availability of proper framework to implement an energy management system conforming to the ISO 50001, a standard methodology using flow charts and a software ISO 50001 Analyzer is developed to help facilities get certified by checking if their energy management system complies with the ISO 50001 standard. The major aim of the software is to reduce the degree of …

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Effect Of Seat Orientation On Ingress/Egress Joint Kinematics And Reach Envelope, Christopher W. Moore Aug 2012

Effect Of Seat Orientation On Ingress/Egress Joint Kinematics And Reach Envelope, Christopher W. Moore

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Crew modules use recumbent seats to sustain increased acceleration in the upright direction. Entry (ingress) and exit (egress) of such seats require different techniques. Most of the existing research on ingress and egress biomechanics was done using vertically mounted automobile seats. In this study, ingress and egress and planar reach motions performed using seats mounted in vertical and horizontal orientations were evaluated. An eight camera (MX-13 series) optical motion analysis system (Vicon, Nexus, UK) was used to record the 3D kinematic data. Ten healthy male participants performed ingress and egress motions using the following three seat orientations, while reach tasks …

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Microfluidic Based Human Blood Plasma Separation, Ruizhi Zhong Aug 2012

Microfluidic Based Human Blood Plasma Separation, Ruizhi Zhong

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Microfluidic based biotechnologies have been widely applied for biological and biomedical research and applications because the physical scales of microfluidics are suitable for biological cells and provide the ability and flexibility to control spatiotemporal biochemical parameters. The current efforts for biosensor technologies are aiming to develop detection technologies directly from small volumes of the human fluids, such as blood, urea, and saliva, for accurate, fast, and affordable detection and analysis.;Human blood provides information and supports the functioning of human body, such as nourishing tissues, regulating organs activities and defending harmful material. Blood components are the prime interests for biosensor applications …

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Tinkering At The Edges Of Public Education Teacher And Parent Perceptions Of West Virginia Universal Pre-Kindergarten, Bethanie Morris Stiles Aug 2012

Tinkering At The Edges Of Public Education Teacher And Parent Perceptions Of West Virginia Universal Pre-Kindergarten, Bethanie Morris Stiles

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

West Virginia commenced the state universal pre-kindergarten program in 2002, being one of the first states to implement a universal early childhood education program for all fouryear- olds. Ten years later the program is approaching the goal year of full implementation. Research in the field was examined to identify past and current conditions of UPK in WV and throughout the nation. In this study, key informants---teachers and parents---were interviewed and asked to share their perceptions on elements of the program that they encountered to be challenging and successful. Participants in this qualitative study allowed the researcher to gain rich insights …

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Pharmacological Characterization Of An Optimized Sigma Receptor Ligand, Michael Seminerio Aug 2012

Pharmacological Characterization Of An Optimized Sigma Receptor Ligand, Michael Seminerio

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Methamphetamine is an addictive psychostimulant drug with an increasing prevalence of abuse worldwide. Recent evidence has linked methamphetamine exposure to a wide array of neurological complications some of which lead to neurodegenerative changes in the brain and hyperthermia. Currently, there are no FDA approved pharmacologic agents to treat the effects of methamphetamine. Recent evidence has suggested methamphetamine may, in part, produce some of its effects through sigma receptors making them a potential target for pharmacological intervention. While our lab has shown a number of selective sigma receptor ligands can provide neuroprotection against the neurotoxic and behavioral effects of methamphetamine, limitations …

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Forest Fragmentation Mapping, Change Detection, And Gas Well Site Identification In Remotely Sensed Imagery: The Role Of Spatial Resolution, Benjamin A. Baker May 2012

Forest Fragmentation Mapping, Change Detection, And Gas Well Site Identification In Remotely Sensed Imagery: The Role Of Spatial Resolution, Benjamin A. Baker

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This research focuses on identifying optimal data and methods for detecting and quantifying land cover/land use change associated with natural gas drilling in Appalachia. Airborne and satellite remote sensing provides a tool for examining land cover changes. Although change detection has been used in many applications related to natural and anthropogenic land cover change, little research has investigated the spatial pattern of land cover change associated with the ongoing expansion of natural gas drilling, particularly within the Marcellus Shale formation found across much of the northern Appalachian Region. Mapping land cover/land use change facilitates research of other relevant topics that …

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The Relationship Between Temperament And Facets Of Creativity, Clark Daniel Pinson May 2012

The Relationship Between Temperament And Facets Of Creativity, Clark Daniel Pinson

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The purported association between mental illness and creativity has been most heavily researched in individuals diagnosed with a bipolar disorder. The bipolar disorders have been conceptualized as a spectrum of disorders that range from problematic and labile affect to different types of temperament. Temperament has classically been defined as elements of personality that are heritable, stable, based on emotion, and uninfluenced by socio-cultural learning. Contemporary literature suggested that at least some aspects of creativity may be enhanced by an affective range that has been best characterized by the milder part of the bipolar spectrum of disorders. The primary inquiry of …

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Professional Development School Support Of The Elementary Globe Curriculum A Facilitated Adaptation Of Inquiry Science, Vance D. High May 2012

Professional Development School Support Of The Elementary Globe Curriculum A Facilitated Adaptation Of Inquiry Science, Vance D. High

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This qualitative study focused on identifying barriers and remedies to those barriers found when teaching elementary school science. The Elementary GLOBE Program (2006) was the curriculum selected when doing the 18 month study. The researcher asked what made Elementary GLOBE (EG) easy and/or difficult to use. The researcher also wished to ascertain what impact did the adoption of EG have on the delivery of science instruction in the K-4 grade classrooms participating in this study. Two professional developments schools (PDS), located in a Mid Atlantic state were the sites for the study. Both schools are in an urban setting and …

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Evaluation Of A Nurse-Led Telephone Intervention With Symptomatic Heart Failure Patients, Samantha Stone May 2012

Evaluation Of A Nurse-Led Telephone Intervention With Symptomatic Heart Failure Patients, Samantha Stone

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Heart failure (HF) is a chronic illness that affects approximately 550,000 Americans each year. By 2037, the prevalence is expected to double. Many symptomatic HF patients have difficulty managing their symptoms and are often readmitted within thirty to sixty days after hospital discharge. Research has shown that symptom management and quality of life can be improved in HF patients by utilizing a nurse-led telephone intervention. With improved symptom management patients not only experience a better quality of life, but, HF hospital admission and readmission rates can be reduced. The objectives of this capstone project were to 1) increase patient awareness …

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Gold Nanoparticle-Based Surface Plasmon Mediated Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering And Energy Transfer Platforms For Sensing Applications, Ming Li May 2012

Gold Nanoparticle-Based Surface Plasmon Mediated Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering And Energy Transfer Platforms For Sensing Applications, Ming Li

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Gold nanoparticles (GNPs) exhibit unique optical properties, depending on the particle size, geometrical shape, and medium refractive index and interparticle interactions, etc. Among these optical properties, localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) has significant effects on the electromagnetic field around the GNPs. The LSPR-induced electromagnetic field enhancement is beneficial to the surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) and energy transfer processes. This dissertation deals with the effects of LSPR on SERS and energy transfer between CdSe/ZnS quantum dots and GNPs. Specifically, the research aims to gain better understanding of (i) the electromagnetic enhancement induced by charge transfer from GNP to molecules, (ii) the …

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Development Of Value-Added Food Products From Isoelectrically Recovered Proteins, Reza Tahergorabi May 2012

Development Of Value-Added Food Products From Isoelectrically Recovered Proteins, Reza Tahergorabi

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The amount of fish by-products is huge and there is a large potential for making more value-added products from this raw material. On the other hand, dark chicken meat has been considered as a major underutilized commodity due to the increasing demand for further processed breast meat products. If proper meat recovery technology is successfully applied, the recovered meat can result in added revenue for a processor as well as reduce environmental pollution associated with disposal of the processing by-products. The overall objective of this study was to recover functional proteins from whole gutted fish and dark chicken meat by …

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Investor Relations: A Study Of Entry-Level Expertise And Education, Deepa Fadnis May 2012

Investor Relations: A Study Of Entry-Level Expertise And Education, Deepa Fadnis

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Today, Investor Relations (IR) is an integral part of the working of every publicly listed corporation. In the light of the growth and development in the field of IR, this study attempts to gauge the entry-level standards in education and expertise set by the industry. Using responses to online surveys administered to experienced IR practitioners, the study provides answers to research questions. These research questions are based on the tasks performed, skills required and preferred academic coursework in the field of IR. Further, these questions also explore the position and importance of communications in the IR's unit of hierarchy of …

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Agenda Building In Health Communication: How The Cdc Is Using Traditional And Social Media Tactics In Public Relations, Kristen Wishon May 2012

Agenda Building In Health Communication: How The Cdc Is Using Traditional And Social Media Tactics In Public Relations, Kristen Wishon

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Emerging Internet technologies, such as social networking websites and blogs, are influencing how public relations practitioners choose to disseminate health content to their constituents. Using the agenda-building theory as a guide, this exploratory study used both qualitative and quantitative methods to examine the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's (CDC) social media and traditional media health messages, as well as to explore if these messages had any agenda-building effect on mainstream media placement (i.e., the Associated Press).;Personal interviews with CDC health communication specialists and three content analyses were conducted. Two significant correlations were found between the health topics in the …

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The Use Of Controls In The Music Of Lou Harrison: An Analytical Study, Christopher Jason Koontz May 2012

The Use Of Controls In The Music Of Lou Harrison: An Analytical Study, Christopher Jason Koontz

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This research project provides insight into composer Lou Harrison's formative years, with particular attention given to events that would prove influential upon his later development as a composer. An overview of Harrison's compositional training with both Henry Cowell and Arnold Schoenberg serves as a means of understanding how some of his atonal compositional techniques developed.;Theoretical analyses of two compositions from Harrison's early catalogue illustrate a synthesis of atonal procedures he used to unify the formal, intervallic, serial, melodic, and harmonic content of the selected works.

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Characterization Of Terrelysin, A Potential Biomarker For Aspergillus Terreus, Ajay Padmaj Nayak May 2012

Characterization Of Terrelysin, A Potential Biomarker For Aspergillus Terreus, Ajay Padmaj Nayak

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Exposure to fungi can lead to diverse conditions from allergy to colonization to invasive and disseminated infection, depending on the status of the host immune system. Recent data suggests that fungal infections and especially Aspergillus species has been on the rise. Though mostly affecting immunocompromised individuals, more recent reports have identified infections in immunocompetent populations as well. Aspergillus terreus is of particular interest, since it causes rapid disseminating infections with high mortality rates, owing to its natural resistance to antifungal drugs and production of vegetative aleurioconidia during infection. These attributes coupled with poor current diagnostics and increasing costs involved with …

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Rhetorical Bridges: How Rhetoric Affects The Gap Between Knowledge And Behavior Change, Allison Matlack Pranger May 2012

Rhetorical Bridges: How Rhetoric Affects The Gap Between Knowledge And Behavior Change, Allison Matlack Pranger

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Health-communication campaigns have long operated according to the belief that individuals can be persuaded to change hazardous health practices through education about the risks or benefits of certain behaviors. Health-communication scholars and practitioners have ascribed to a theory of behavior change that posits acquiring knowledge about certain health issues leads to changes in attitudes and, ultimately, changes in personal health practices. Over the past decade, however, scholars have identified a KAP-gap, as they often see a wide gulf between an individual's Knowledge and Attitudes and his or her health Practice. Recently, rhetorical scholars have begun to view this KAP-gap through …

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The Occlusal Plane Inclination Relative To Craniofacial Form: A Cephalometric Investigation, Holly Eppard May 2012

The Occlusal Plane Inclination Relative To Craniofacial Form: A Cephalometric Investigation, Holly Eppard

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Background Objectives: The occlusal plane has been given much attention throughout the orthodontic literature. Studies have shown that the occlusal plane inclination varies relative to vertical and sagittal skeletal discrepencies. The Six Elements of Orofacial Harmony does not address the occlusal plane inclination as a parameter in diagnosis and treatment planning despite its spatial influence on the position of the chin. The occlusal plane inclination is considered a critical factor in treatment planning for orthognathic surgery. The objective of this study was to systematically evaluate the inclination of the occlusal plane (Op°) relative to various skeletal and dental cephalometric parameters. …

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Essays On The Economics Of Student Achievement, Amy F. Higginbotham Godfrey May 2012

Essays On The Economics Of Student Achievement, Amy F. Higginbotham Godfrey

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Parents, lawmakers, and economists are all keenly interested in what affects student performance. This dissertation explores factors influencing student achievement in West Virginia with special attention devoted to public education resources and gender. Politicians and many parents of school age children believe increased levels of education funding or resources result in higher student achievement. Chapters 2 and 3 delve into this topic by exploring student achievement at different grade levels in West Virginia. The first public education funding or resource change to be analyzed occurred during a time period when the base for public education financing was expanding and funding …

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