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Articles 2221 - 2250 of 5148
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Risk Perception And Awareness Of Oil And Natural Gas Safety Among Local Populations In The Eastern Province Of Jubail, Saudi Arabia, Wajeeh Aljanabi
Risk Perception And Awareness Of Oil And Natural Gas Safety Among Local Populations In The Eastern Province Of Jubail, Saudi Arabia, Wajeeh Aljanabi
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
The main goal of this research was to examine the residents' and Saudi Aramco employees' awareness of risks to public health and the environment as a result of their close proximity to oil and natural gas production facilities in Jubail Industrial City, Saudi Arabia. The research objective was to characterize social representations of industrial activities by different social actors in order to enhance public participation in the region's risk management plan. Social representation theory was adopted to understand the risk perception of members of the community, both residents and oil plus natural gas employees. Residents were represented by faculty and …
The Effect Of Polymer Coatings On The Pulmonary Toxicity Of Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes, Lindsey M. Bishop
The Effect Of Polymer Coatings On The Pulmonary Toxicity Of Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes, Lindsey M. Bishop
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Nanotechnology is the science of developing and manipulating molecular structures smaller than one hundred nanometers in at least one dimension. These structures are collectively called engineered nanomaterials. A subgroup of these engineered nanomaterials are multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT). They are of great interest to industry because of their small size, large surface area, strength, and conductivity in comparison to materials currently used. Practical applications of MWCNT include improvements for water filtration systems, composites, and drug delivery. The same properties that make them advantageous for industry may also confer adverse health effects. For workers in the U.S. handling CNTs, the process …
In-Line, Real-Time Particulate Matter Sensors For Obd And Exhaust After-Treatment System Control Applications, Marc Cyrill Besch
In-Line, Real-Time Particulate Matter Sensors For Obd And Exhaust After-Treatment System Control Applications, Marc Cyrill Besch
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
The ability to quantify particle mass and number concentrations in the exhaust stream of combustion engines during in-use operation is of critical importance for continuously monitoring and diagnosing the particulate matter removal efficiency of modern exhaust gas after-treatment systems. Extensive literature survey suggested a sensor operating on the diffusion-charging principle being optimally suited for particle measurements due to their proportional response towards particle surface area. This study was designed to determine and assess the possibility of quantifying particle emissions during on-road measurements using a prototype diffusion-charging type sensor. Such a sensor would not only allow for continuous monitoring capabilities of …
Impact Of Being A West Virginia State Ffa President On Career And Personal Accomplishments As Perceived By Past State Ffa Presidents 1955 To 2005, Jada M. Bennett
Impact Of Being A West Virginia State Ffa President On Career And Personal Accomplishments As Perceived By Past State Ffa Presidents 1955 To 2005, Jada M. Bennett
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
This descriptive survey study was designed to identify the impact of being a West Virginia State FFA President elected between the years of 1955-2005 on career and personal accomplishments. The population consisted of 51 people who were elected to the office of West Virginia FFA President, the response rate was 69%. A survey which was composed of four main question sets was mailed to the accessible population.;Questions focused on their SAE and FFA experience, involvement in community and school activities, leadership skills, and demographics. Data were collected and analyzed to identify contributing factors in each of the constructs. The study …
Perceptions Of Urban Forestry Employers, Andrew Benjamin
Perceptions Of Urban Forestry Employers, Andrew Benjamin
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Urban forestry is still a relatively new area of science and is still trying to establish itself as a legitimate scientific field and profession. Often urban forestry and arboriculture are conflated, and urban forestry has yet to achieve much of what arboriculture has in terms of recognition its and establishment. Landscape architects, traditional foresters, environmental scientists, horticulturalists all may find themselves in positions that can be classified in the urban forestry profession, which shows this lack of a standard definition for what is an urban forester. While there are many significant, potential benefits to a properly managed urban forest resource …
Risk Of Newly-Diagnosed Depression, Treatment And Its Economic Outcomes Among Elderly Medicare Beneficiaries With Incident Breast, Colorectal Or Prostate Cancer, Monira Mansour Alwhaibi
Risk Of Newly-Diagnosed Depression, Treatment And Its Economic Outcomes Among Elderly Medicare Beneficiaries With Incident Breast, Colorectal Or Prostate Cancer, Monira Mansour Alwhaibi
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Depression is a highly prevalent chronic condition among the elderly cancer survivors. It is estimated that 5-25% of elderly cancer survivors suffer from depression. Depression co-existing with cancer is associated with many negative health consequences such as high mortality, poor health related quality of life and high healthcare utilization and expenditures. However, depression is treatable with pharmacotherapy, psychotherapy or combination of both. There are no studies that examine the variations in the risk of depression by cancer types and there are few studies that examined the rates of depression treatment among elderly with cancer. In addition, there is lack of …
Experiences Of Parents Of Children Adopted From Overseas: A Thematic Analysis Of Narratives, Ekaterina Anatolyevna Amarando
Experiences Of Parents Of Children Adopted From Overseas: A Thematic Analysis Of Narratives, Ekaterina Anatolyevna Amarando
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Parents from the United States adopt more children from overseas than parents from any other country. There are numerous factors that play a role in the decision to adopt internationally, and most families remain highly satisfied with the adoption outcome (Adoption Institute, 2010). However, families with internationally adopted children face numerous challenges during their adoption journey, and generally report a higher utilization of professional services than biological families (Adoption Institute, 2010). In this study I utilized a qualitative research design to examine experiences of parents who adopted children from other countries. Thematic analysis of family narratives was employed to examine …
The Challenges Faced By New Science Teachers In Saudi Arabia, Salman Alsharari
The Challenges Faced By New Science Teachers In Saudi Arabia, Salman Alsharari
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Growing demand for science teachers in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, fed by increasing numbers of public school students, is forcing the Saudi government to attract, recruit and retain well-qualified science teachers. Beginning science teachers enter the educational profession with a massive fullfilment and satisfaction in their roles and positions as teachers to educating children in a science classroom. Nevertheless, teachers, over their early years of practice, encounter numerous challenges to provide the most effective science instruction. Therefore, the current study was aimed to identify academic and behavioral classroom challenges faced by science teachers in their first three years of …
Diversity Outreach In Major League Baseball: A Stakeholder Approach, Shaun M. Anderson
Diversity Outreach In Major League Baseball: A Stakeholder Approach, Shaun M. Anderson
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Despite the prevalence and magnitude of community engagement within professional sporting organizations, limited attention has been devoted to understanding the significance and impact of these activities to the success and survival of the organization (Garrard, 2007). Consequently, The focus of this dissertation focused on Major League Baseball (MLB) because this organization has established efforts for engaging individuals from diverse communities, but is still failing in their efforts of diversity and inclusion from an external stakeholder perspective. In 1989, MLB implemented programs (e.g., Reviving Baseball in Inner Cities (RBI), Urban Youth Academy (UYA) to help diversify their team roster and fan …
Development Of Graphene And Graphene-Nanoparticle Composites For Sensor Applications, Saurabh Chaudhari
Development Of Graphene And Graphene-Nanoparticle Composites For Sensor Applications, Saurabh Chaudhari
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
The goal of this research was the synthesis of graphene and graphene nanocomposite for use as sensor materials. This dissertation describes the optimization of a novel approach to the synthesis of few layer graphene films on SiC, the modification of the graphene surface by wet chemical methods, the nucleation of nanoparticles to form graphene-nanoparticle composites, the fabrication of chemoresistive sensor structures from these materials, and the characterization of these surfaces and films.;In this work, the basic graphene synthesis method which uses halogen based plasma etching and ultra-high vacuum annealing (UHVA), has been optimized to reliably produce one, two, and three …
The Impact Of Model-Lead-Test Coaching On Parents' Implementation Of Reinforcement, Prompting, And Fading With Their Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder, Liyu Chen
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Parents play an essential role in furthering the development of their children with special needs. They are being trained to be co-therapists for their own children. The goal is to improve the ways they interact with their children in order to create improvements in their children's everyday functioning. If the proper teaching strategies are consistently applied, a learner can significantly improve his/her performance of various life skills, including communication, self-care, social skills, along with other skill sets. Because adults' learning processes differ substantially from children's, it will be critical to utilize the "coaching" method that employs a Model-Lead-Test (MLT) approach …
Role Of Mitochondria In Tnf-Alpha Neurotoxicity In Stroke, Danielle N. Doll
Role Of Mitochondria In Tnf-Alpha Neurotoxicity In Stroke, Danielle N. Doll
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
TNF-alpha is known to exacerbate infarct volume in animal models and elevated levels of TNF-alpha are correlated with worse outcomes in stroke patients. However, the mechanism is not well understood. TNF-alpha has been shown to be neurotoxic at high doses and after long exposure times which is not clinically relevant. Thus, we show for the first time that TNF-alpha at clinically relevant concentrations seen in the serum of stroke patients rapidly and profoundly decreases mitochondrial function resulting in neuronal cell death through activation of caspase 8 and cytochrome c release. A slight decrease in mitochondrial function is detrimental to neurons …
Metal Oxide Nanoparticles: The Importance Of Size, Shape, Chemical Composition, And Valence State In Determining Toxicity, Katherine Dunnick
Metal Oxide Nanoparticles: The Importance Of Size, Shape, Chemical Composition, And Valence State In Determining Toxicity, Katherine Dunnick
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Nanoparticles, which are defined as a structure with at least one dimension between 1 and 100 nm, have the potential to be used in a variety of consumer products due to their improved functionality compared to similar particles of larger size. Their small size is associated with increased strength, improved catalytic properties, and increased reactivity; however, their size is also associated with increased toxicity in vitro and in vivo. Numerous toxicological studies have been conducted to determine the properties of nanomaterials that increase their toxicity in order to manufacture new nanomaterials with decreased toxicity. Data indicates that size, shape, chemical …
Do Humans Drive Spinal Cord With Limb Velocity Signal?, Kyla Galbreath
Do Humans Drive Spinal Cord With Limb Velocity Signal?, Kyla Galbreath
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
The ability to move in the environment is crucial to the survival of all animals. Neural pathways that control locomotion can be described as a hierarchy, with multiple levels of control, and those ultimately converge on spinal pattern generators. Neural pathways controlling locomotion are hierarchical, highly integrated, and well characterized anatomically, but functional explanations are lacking. Previous computational modeling of the CPG has proposed that they essential signal driving these spinal networks are expressed in the modality of desired velocity. To date, no published research has empirically tested velocity as being the control signal of locomotion. The purpose of this …
Development Of A Conservation Action Plan For The Eastern Hellbender (Cryptobranchus Alleganiensis Alleganiensis) In West Virginia, William J. Greathouse
Development Of A Conservation Action Plan For The Eastern Hellbender (Cryptobranchus Alleganiensis Alleganiensis) In West Virginia, William J. Greathouse
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
The Eastern hellbender (Cryptobranchus alleganiensis alleganiensis ) is the largest salamander in North America growing to 75 centimeters in length. This fully aquatic species is an indicator of good stream and river quality and has been considered to be in decline or rare throughout its range. This study focused on the current distribution of the Eastern hellbender at sites of historic occurrence in West Virginia in order to determine the species' current range and factors impacting its distribution in order to facilitate planned reintroductions and translocations of hellbenders reared in human care. The success of the reintroduction and translocation efforts …
Design Of Oxy-Coal Reactors For Calcium Carbide Production Using Cfd, Albio Gutierrez
Design Of Oxy-Coal Reactors For Calcium Carbide Production Using Cfd, Albio Gutierrez
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Oxy-coal combustion with recirculating flue gas is a promising technology in CO2 capture. This technology is intended to reduce emissions of CO2 and other pollutants, such as NOx and SO2. Since the CO2 concentration in flue gas is higher than in conventional air operation, CO2 capture is easier. Other unique applications of oxy-coal combustion are now possible due to the very high temperatures (circa 2000-2500°C) that can be generated with char/ O2 /CO 2 mixtures which in turn can be used to activate chemical reactions which can lead to high valued chemical products. This for example can be an economical …
"The Whistling Wife": Women And Popular Song In The Postbellum American South, Melanie J. Green
"The Whistling Wife": Women And Popular Song In The Postbellum American South, Melanie J. Green
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
This study discusses the practice of music-making by middle and upper class women in the nineteenth-century American South, and the ways in which the practice was continued in the decades following the Civil War amid changing class and gender politics. The study examines two sheet music collections, one from the South and one from the North, dating from the 1880s and 1890s. An examination of the content of these collections reveals differing attitudes over changing class and gender politics and acceptable practices for music-making in the North and South. A discussion of these young women and their families tells their …
The Influences Of Participation In An Elite Paralympic Military Program On The Self-Identity Of Active Duty Service Members With Acquired Disabilities, Lindsay M. Hammond
The Influences Of Participation In An Elite Paralympic Military Program On The Self-Identity Of Active Duty Service Members With Acquired Disabilities, Lindsay M. Hammond
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Background/Purpose: To explore the lived experiences of active duty service members with acquired disabilities that participated in an elite military sport program to gain an enhanced perspective on how elite sport programming influences self-identity post injury. Methods: A phenomenological approach was employed, using a three phase semi-structured interview protocol to capture military journeys of four (4) service members who had sustained a physical disability as the result of a combat injury and chose to remain on active duty status as a part of a specialized unit designed to prepare service members for the Paralympics. Results: Three themes were identified with …
Variable-Interval And Variable-Ratio Schedules Of Punishment By Timeout From Positive Reinforcement, Ezra G. Hall
Variable-Interval And Variable-Ratio Schedules Of Punishment By Timeout From Positive Reinforcement, Ezra G. Hall
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Timeout punishment is among the most commonly reported disciplinary procedures (Barkin, Scheindlin, Ip, Richardson, & Finch, 2007). Despite the frequent use of timeout, little basic research has systematically examined different schedule effects of timeout from positive reinforcement. Using pigeons as subjects, the current series of experiments arranged variable schedules of timeout from positive reinforcement within a multiple-schedule arrangement where 20-s timeouts were response-dependent, response-independent, and delayed. Experiment 1 used a within-subject yoking procedure to compare schedules of variable-ratio (VR) and yoked-interval (YI) timeouts. Experiment 2 arranged separate parametric analyses of variable-interval (VI) and VR schedules of timeout. Within-session, yoked-control components …
Remote Sensing Based Predictive Decision Support System For Assessment Of Environmental Conditions For Epidemic Cholera, Haidar Shakuir Aldaach
Remote Sensing Based Predictive Decision Support System For Assessment Of Environmental Conditions For Epidemic Cholera, Haidar Shakuir Aldaach
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Cholera, a water borne diarrheal disease, is strongly associated with environmental processes. However, quantitative linkages of environmental processes with cholera and climate is still emerging. Linking diseases such as cholera with climate will aid in development of models that can predict spatial and temporal outbreaks in resource constrained regions of the globe. With the limited efficacy of cholera vaccines, it is necessary to develop mechanisms to predict cholera occurrence and thereafter devise intervention strategies for mitigating impacts of the disease. Hydroclimatic processes, primarily precipitation and air temperature are related to epidemic and episodic outbreak of cholera. However, due to coarse …
Does Engagement In Pleasant Events Mediate The Relation Between Physical Disability And Affective Outcomes In Older Adults?, Patricia M. Bamonti
Does Engagement In Pleasant Events Mediate The Relation Between Physical Disability And Affective Outcomes In Older Adults?, Patricia M. Bamonti
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
The current study examined potential mediators of the association between physical disability and depressive symptoms, along with positive mental health variables, including meaning in life and positive affect, within the framework of an empirically supported model of depression---the behavioral model of depression (Lewinsohn, 1985). The behavioral model of depression posits that reduced contact with positive reinforcement in the environment (i.e., engagement in pleasant events) precipitates and maintains depressive symptoms (Lewinsohn et al., 1985). Treatment studies have demonstrated the efficacy of interventions based on the behavioral model of depression in older adults (Cuijpers et al., 2007; Dimidjian et al., 2006; Hopko …
Hydrogel Tracer Beads As Potential Proxies For Non-Aqueous Phase Liquids In Karst: Development Of An Optical Quantification Method For Fluorescent Beads, Habib Bravo-Ruiz
Hydrogel Tracer Beads As Potential Proxies For Non-Aqueous Phase Liquids In Karst: Development Of An Optical Quantification Method For Fluorescent Beads, Habib Bravo-Ruiz
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Sinkholes and sinking streams are examples of karst features that can serve as direct pathways for contaminants, including non-aqueous phase liquids (NAPLs), to quickly enter karst aquifers. Once NAPLs are in karst aquifers, their fate and transport is difficult to predict and is not well understood. In this study, floating hydrogel tracer beads (HTBs) are developed and tested to help gain a better understanding of the fate and transport of NAPLs. The HTBs are formed by cross-linked sodium alginate polymers that can be made with different fluorescent pigments and density-modifying additives. The focus of this research was on the development …
Investigating Stuttering Attitude Change Of Middle School Students In A Rural Appalachian School, Chelsea D. Kuhn
Investigating Stuttering Attitude Change Of Middle School Students In A Rural Appalachian School, Chelsea D. Kuhn
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Effects of the Stuttering: For Kids, By Kids video on stuttering attitudes was investigated with middle school students in a rural Appalachian middle school in West Virginia. Participants completed the Public Opinion Survey of Human Attributes-Stuttering (POSHA-S) before (PRE) and immediately after watching the video (POST1) to measure attitude change following the intervention. The participants again completed the POSHA-S one month later (POST2) to determine the stability of their attitudes. Tabular and graphic comparisons were generated for each of the three administrations of the POSHA-S. For PRE versus POST1 and POST1 versus POST2 analyses, individual item and combined item ratings …
The Influence Of Physical Activity On International Students' Cross-Cultural Adjustment: A Qualitative Longitudinal Study, Shuang Li
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
International students face multiple challenges due to cross-cultural transition. Physical activity plays a significant role in maintaining health and well-being for college students. Little research has explored how international students' physical activity interacts with their acculturation. Using a longitudinal qualitative approach with individual interviews and non-participant observation, the current study explored how physical activity interacted with new international students' first-year transition to studying in the United States. Nine participants who engaged in regular physical activity were enrolled. Each individual was interviewed twice in the middle and at the end of their first year. Three-month of field work was applied to …
An Analysis Of Treatment Patterns, Receipt Of Guideline-Concordant Care, And Survival Outcomes Among Elderly Women With Non-Metastatic Breast Cancer Using The Seer-Medicare Linked Dataset, Traci Lemasters
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Breast cancer (BC) is the 2nd most commonly diagnosed type of cancer in the United States (US) and the 1st among women, with 57% of incident cases in those age > 60 years. Relative to other cancers, BC has high survival rates, with a 89% 5-year overall survival rate. High survival rates are due to improvements in disease understanding, treatment, and earlier stage at diagnosis from increased routine BC screening. Yet, disparities in treatment and survival outcomes persist. Epidemiologic studies suggest that elderly women experience disparities uniquely associated with increasing age and comorbidity, in addition to those associated with socio-demographic characteristics, …
Biodiesel From Tall Oil Fatty Acids And Physico Thermal Properties Of Tropical Tree Fruit Oils As Thermal Energy Storage Systems, Gideon Sackey Lawer-Yolar
Biodiesel From Tall Oil Fatty Acids And Physico Thermal Properties Of Tropical Tree Fruit Oils As Thermal Energy Storage Systems, Gideon Sackey Lawer-Yolar
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Research into biodiesel as a substitute for petroleum diesel has been ongoing since the energy crisis of the 1970's. The concern for the effect on the use of edible vegetable oils as feedstock has increased. Tall oil fatty acids have been considered as a non-food substitute and various works have been done on it. In this study, sulfuric acid and Amberlyst BD 20 were used as homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysts respectively in the production of biodiesel from Tall oil fatty acids in a batch reactor. The treatment conditions for the homogeneous catalysis varied the factors of fatty acid to methanol …
Farmers Markets And The Emergency Food System In West Virginia: An Analysis Of Intersection To Improve Community Food Security, Jessica L. Crum
Farmers Markets And The Emergency Food System In West Virginia: An Analysis Of Intersection To Improve Community Food Security, Jessica L. Crum
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Food insecurity is a problem in West Virginia. Individuals who are food insecure rely on assistance from private organizations, such as food pantries and soup kitchens. Individuals may also rely on government assistance, with programs like SNAP and WIC, as a means to cope with food insecurity. Farmers markets have been trying to become more accessible to low-income individuals and increase community food security through the acceptance of SNAP, WIC, and SMFNP vouchers. This study uses key informant interviews to understand to what extent and in what ways farmers markets are interacting with emergency food systems to improve community food …
Surgery And Rehabilitation Treatment Options For Ulnar Collateral Ligament Injuries Of The Elbow For Baseball Athletes: A Systematic Review, Amanda M. Damm
Surgery And Rehabilitation Treatment Options For Ulnar Collateral Ligament Injuries Of The Elbow For Baseball Athletes: A Systematic Review, Amanda M. Damm
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Context: There is currently a lack of information on ulnar collateral ligament (UCL) injuries for athletic trainers. Most of the literature addressed the surgical options in detail and depending on the study, information for rehabilitation may be limited or not even included. Further, there are a limited number of studies that compare the different surgical techniques to each other as well.;Objective: To provide a comparison of the Jobe technique to the Docking technique, in regard to surgery, success rates, and rehabilitation process.;Data Sources: PubMed (1960-2014), MEDLINE (1960-2014), CINAHL with full text (1960-2014), SPORTDiscus full text (1960-2014), Science Direct (1960-2014), and …
Suicidal Ideation, Attempts, And Associated Psychosocial Risk And Protective Factors In American Indian Youth And Young Adults, Karen Manzo
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Introduction. Research consistently shows that suicidal ideation and attempts are more prevalent among American Indian youth and young adults than youth and young adults in other racial/ethnic groups. Many of the associated psychosocial risk and protective factors are shared across racial/ethnic groups; however, for most of them, the prevalence is highest in American Indian youth. Research on the relation between suicide risk and culturally unique risk (e.g., childhood adversity, discrimination, parenting, unresolved grief, out-of-home placement) and protective factors (e.g., enculturation, cultural values, spirituality) in American Indian youth and young adults is limited. The goal of this research was to examine …
Cerium Dioxide Nanoparticle Exposure And Microvascular Dysfunction: Potential Mechanistic Links, Valerie C. Minarchick
Cerium Dioxide Nanoparticle Exposure And Microvascular Dysfunction: Potential Mechanistic Links, Valerie C. Minarchick
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Cerium dioxide nanoparticles (CeO2 NP), an engineered nanomaterial, have great potential from a consumer and therapeutic perspective. Currently, CeO2 NP are added to diesel fuel to decrease the soot emissions commonly associated with diesel engines. CeO2 NP also have therapeutic applications (e.g. improve outcomes following stroke and radiation treatments) due to their anti-oxidant capabilities. These applications increase CeO2 NP exposure risk not only for manufacturers, but also for the general community; however, there are currently limited studies that investigated the effects of CeO2 NP exposure via multiple exposure routes. Furthermore, there are no studies that investigate the microvascular consequences of …