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Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

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Response To Intervention Implementation: The Successes And Challenges In The Mid Appalachian Counties, Tammy J. Samples Dec 2013

Response To Intervention Implementation: The Successes And Challenges In The Mid Appalachian Counties, Tammy J. Samples

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Education reform has been on a new path over the last 15 years; a path that leads to more accountability, more choice for students and parents, highly qualified teachers, as well as, best practices in instruction. In an effort to move along the path of reform and as a result of previous reform, the 2004 reauthorization of IDEA reviewed the field of literacy instruction and disability determination.;They found that the Intelligence Quotient (IQ) discrepancy model was problematic and often put students in a position of waiting to fail due to the fact that placement often did not occur until students …

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Evaluation Of A Nurse-Led Intervention To Improve Palliative Care For Select Medical Intensive Care Patients, Lori A. Constantine Dec 2013

Evaluation Of A Nurse-Led Intervention To Improve Palliative Care For Select Medical Intensive Care Patients, Lori A. Constantine

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Body: Twenty percent of all Americans die in an intensive care unit (ICU) or shortly thereafter. For most of these patients, relentless and distressing symptoms are commonplace. Review of local data reveals opportunity for improvement in the palliative care offered to hospitalized patients. To address this need for improved palliative care, the Volunteer Hospital Association's (VHA) Communication and Care Bundle will be implemented in a local medical ICU, using Roger's (2003) diffusion of innovations (DOI) as the theoretical base.;Evaluation: Communication and Care Bundle within a given time frames, for select medical ICU patients. ICU length of stay and patient mortality …

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Optimization Of A Coded-Modulation System With Shaped Constellation, Xingyu Xiang Dec 2013

Optimization Of A Coded-Modulation System With Shaped Constellation, Xingyu Xiang

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Conventional communication systems transmit signals that are selected from a signal constellation with uniform probability. However, information-theoretic results suggest that performance may be improved by shaping the constellation such that lower-energy signals are selected more frequently than higher-energy signals. This dissertation presents an energy efficient approach for shaping the constellations used by coded-modulation systems. The focus is on designing shaping techniques for systems that use a combination of amplitude phase shift keying (APSK) and low-density parity check (LDPC) coding. Such a combination is typical of modern satellite communications, such as the system used by the DVB-S2 standard.;The system implementation requires …

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Simulation Of Multi-Component Gas Flow And Condensation In Marcellus Shale Reservoir, Abdallah Elamin Dec 2013

Simulation Of Multi-Component Gas Flow And Condensation In Marcellus Shale Reservoir, Abdallah Elamin

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The Marcellus shale formation, with more than 463 trillion cubic feet (Tcf) of recoverable gas in Pennsylvania and West Virginia, will play a critical role in providing clean energy, environmental sustainability, and increased security for our nation. However, due to recent low gas prices, most of the operating companies have slowed down their activities in dry gas areas and refocused their attention in oil and condensate production from liquid-rich regions. This change in production plans requires detailed investigation of gas condensate bank developments and saturation dynamics in shale gas reservoirs that change greatly with reservoir conditions. An advanced level of …

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Evaluation Of Arsenic And Selenium Quantitation In Marcellus Shales And Flowback Saline Waters Using Thiol Cotton Fibre-Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy And Diffusive Gradient In Thin Film Techniques, Ronald S. Balaba Dec 2013

Evaluation Of Arsenic And Selenium Quantitation In Marcellus Shales And Flowback Saline Waters Using Thiol Cotton Fibre-Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy And Diffusive Gradient In Thin Film Techniques, Ronald S. Balaba

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Trace levels of arsenic and selenium can be toxic to living organisms yet their quantitation in high ionic strength or high salinity aqueous media is difficult due to the matrix interferences which can either suppress or enhance the analyte signal. The objective of this proposed study has been to apply and/or modify inexpensive, simple, and interference-free analytical methods for the sub-ppb to ppb quantification of both inorganic and bioavailable arsenic and selenium fractions in highly saline/salty waters such as flowback wastewater produced from natural gas well drilling sites in the Marcellus shale and/or simulated or artificial high-salinity prepared from deionized …

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Science Teaching Efficacy Beliefs And The Lived Experience Of Preservice Elementary Teachers, Karen A. Kettler Dec 2013

Science Teaching Efficacy Beliefs And The Lived Experience Of Preservice Elementary Teachers, Karen A. Kettler

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The current study utilized a mixed methods approach to examine the science teaching efficacy beliefs (STEB) of preservice elementary teachers as they participated in a Science Methods course. The following questions were addressed using quantitative survey data and qualitative interviews: What are the STEB of preservice elementary teachers as they progress through a Science Methods course?; How do the STEB of preservice elementary teachers with higher and lower personal science teaching efficacy (PSTE) beliefs change as they progress through a Science Methods course?; What is the nature of the lived experiences of preservice elementary teachers with higher and lower PSTE …

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Association Of Individual And Combined Metabolic Risk Factors With Cancer, Ruchi Bhandari Dec 2013

Association Of Individual And Combined Metabolic Risk Factors With Cancer, Ruchi Bhandari

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Introduction: The prevalence of metabolic risk factors (MRFs), individually and in the aggregate, is growing rapidly. There is limited biologic and epidemiologic evidence indicating an association between MRFs and cancer. The goal of this dissertation was to examine the association between individual and combined MRFs with subsequent risk of overall and site-specific cancers of the breast, digestive system, and lung.;Methods: A systematic review with meta-analysis on the association between metabolic syndrome (a cluster of MRFs) and breast cancer was conducted. In addition, associations between MRFs and risk of overall and site-specific cancers were assessed by multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression …

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Influence Of Weight Loss On Metabolic And Mitochondrial Function In The Mature Horse, Jennie L. Zambito Dec 2013

Influence Of Weight Loss On Metabolic And Mitochondrial Function In The Mature Horse, Jennie L. Zambito

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Obesity causes a multitude of metabolic issues in the horse, yet stepwise alterations in glucose and lipid metabolism, mitochondrial capacity and oxidant status during weight loss have yet to be analyzed. Skeletal muscle contains subsarcolemmal (SSM) and interfibrillar (IFM) mitochondria, which respond differently to physiological stimuli, impacting tissue and whole body oxidant status. We hypothesized that 8 light-type horses would display improvements in skeletal muscle mitochondrial subpopulation function and decreases in circulating oxidant status markers during weight loss from an obese (7 to 8) to moderate (5) body condition score (BCS). Additionally, we hypothesized improvements in morphometric measurements, circulating metabolic …

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Laser Induced Fluorescence Studies Of Electrostatic Double Layers In An Expanding Helicon Plasma, Jerry Carr Jr. Dec 2013

Laser Induced Fluorescence Studies Of Electrostatic Double Layers In An Expanding Helicon Plasma, Jerry Carr Jr.

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

We report the first evidence of a laboratory double layer (DL) collapsing in the presence of an instability studied by Chakraborty Thakur et al. 1 with the use of time resolved laser induced fluorescence (LIF) studies. Higher time resolution studies then provided the first statistically validated proof of the correlation between the ion acoustic instability and a DL. Time-frequency analysis in the form of time resolved cross power spectra and continuous wavelet transforms were used to provide insight into beam formation. The implications of this work is that in the creation of strong DLs in expanding plasmas for plasma propulsion …

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Robust Cross-Dock Location Model Accounting For Demand Uncertainty, Stephanie Spangler Dec 2013

Robust Cross-Dock Location Model Accounting For Demand Uncertainty, Stephanie Spangler

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The objective of this thesis was to develop optimization models to locate cross-docks in supply chain networks. Cross-docks are a type of intermediate facility which aid in the consolidation of shipments, in which the goods spend little or no time in storage. Instead, the goods are quickly and efficiently moved from the inbound trucks to the outbound docks. Two deterministic facility location models were developed. One followed the p-median facility problem type, where only p facilities were opened in order to minimize total network costs. In the second model, as many cross-docks as necessary were opened and facility location costs …

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The West Virginia Friends Of Firewood Network: Engaging With And Exploring The Practices Of Firewood Producers, Elizabeth Basham Dec 2013

The West Virginia Friends Of Firewood Network: Engaging With And Exploring The Practices Of Firewood Producers, Elizabeth Basham

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Firewood is the oldest source of energy for cooking and home heating and remains a primary heating source for half of the world's population, yet the industry remains relatively undocumented and immature both in developing and technologically advanced countries. Firewood is an environmentally friendly and renewable resource that is becoming popular once again in U.S. homes, 2.5 million of which utilize it as a primary heating source. However, firewood is also a proven vector for invasive insects and pathogens that are threatening the health of U.S. forests. In order to address the increasing trend of firewood use and prevent further …

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The Political Economy Of U.S. Public Pension Plans And Their Unfunded Liabilities, Dashle Gunn Kelley Dec 2013

The Political Economy Of U.S. Public Pension Plans And Their Unfunded Liabilities, Dashle Gunn Kelley

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Chapter 1 applies a public choice approach to the problem of unfunded pension liabilities and adopts the methodology of Congleton and Shughart (1990) to model underfunding of state-level public pension plans using the median voter theorem, along with the theory of "capture" by special interest groups, and a combined model of the two. With panel data from 2001 to 2009, the paper finds that the combined model provides the strongest explanation for the current levels of unfunded liabilities; hence, both median voter preferences and special interest group influence are affecting political outcomes. The special interest group model slightly outperforms the …

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Using Active Learning Strategies To Investigate Student Learning And Attitudes In A Large Enrollment, Introductory Geology Course, Stacy Jane Berry Dec 2013

Using Active Learning Strategies To Investigate Student Learning And Attitudes In A Large Enrollment, Introductory Geology Course, Stacy Jane Berry

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

There has been an increased emphasis for college instruction to incorporate more active and collaborative involvement of students in the learning process. These views have been asserted by The Association of American Colleges (AAC), the National Science Foundation (NSF), and The National Research Counsel (NRC), which are advocating for the modification of traditional instructional techniques to allow students the opportunity to be more cooperative (Task Group on General Education, 1988). This has guided educators and facilitators into shifting teaching paradigms from a teacher centered to a more student-centered curriculum. The present study investigated achievement outcomes and attitudes of learners in …

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The Teaching Legacy Of Iravati M. Sudiarso, Mario S. Santoso Dec 2013

The Teaching Legacy Of Iravati M. Sudiarso, Mario S. Santoso

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Iravati Mangunkusumo Sudiarso (born in 1937, in Surabaya) is one of Indonesia's most respected musical figures. Famous throughout Indonesia as a pianist and teacher, Sudiarso has produced successful generations of pianists for more than forty years. With her professionalism and idealism in teaching, combined with endless dedication, Sudiarso has guided many students to achieve high artistry and taste in piano playing. The author had the privilege of studying with Iravati Sudiarso from 1996 through 2000, an experience which brought personal knowledge of her teaching.;Several of Sudiarso's students have composed music dedicated to her, but no one has written a comprehensive …

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Management Structure Impact On Economic Success Of Farmers Markets, H. R. Scott Dec 2013

Management Structure Impact On Economic Success Of Farmers Markets, H. R. Scott

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Farmers markets have been a part of the food industry in the United States for almost as long as history (Webber, 2010). With farmers markets increasing in popularity and numbers, a need exists to determine why some markets thrive while others fail. A review of literature yielded some regional information however no information specific to West Virginia has been found. The purpose of this study is to determine the role of management has on the economic success of farmers markets in West Virginia. This research uses descriptive correlational research in doing comparison of the management styles in the market and …

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Doubling On Euphonium And Tuba: A Guide For Euphonium Players, Matthew Murchison Dec 2013

Doubling On Euphonium And Tuba: A Guide For Euphonium Players, Matthew Murchison

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

As a euphonium player there has basically been one viable career option: the military. However in the past ten years or so, more and more euphonium players have begun to seriously double on tuba in professional situations. This gives euphonium players a newfound career potential. While more and more euphonium players have been learning to play tuba, there is not yet a written method describing the best way in which to accomplish the task.;The purpose of this research project is to create a set of daily exercises through which a euphonium player may learn to play tuba. This method is …

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Effect Of Head Width, Head Height And Clamp Force On The Noise Reduction Provided By Two Different Styles Of Earmuffs, Jonathan R. Lewin Dec 2013

Effect Of Head Width, Head Height And Clamp Force On The Noise Reduction Provided By Two Different Styles Of Earmuffs, Jonathan R. Lewin

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Earmuffs provide necessary protection from the hazardous effects of noise for workers and the general population. The wearability and effectiveness of these devices is crucial for protection of hearing in noisy conditions. One component critical to the function of the earmuff is the clamp force that keeps the earmuff securely against the head and around the pinna. This clamp force must be high enough to provide a good seal, but not so high that it makes the muff uncomfortable. This study investigated the relationship between noise reduction (NR) and the force on the ear. This force was incrementally varied by …

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Wind And Wake Sensing With Uav Formation Flight: System Development And Flight Testing, Trenton Jameson Larrabee Dec 2013

Wind And Wake Sensing With Uav Formation Flight: System Development And Flight Testing, Trenton Jameson Larrabee

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Wind turbulence including atmospheric turbulence and wake turbulence have been widely investigated; however, only recently it become possible to use Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) as a validation tool for research in this area. Wind can be a major contributing factor of adverse weather for aircraft. More importantly, it is an even greater risk towards UAVs because of their small size and weight. Being able to estimate wind fields and gusts can potentially provide substantial benefits for both unmanned and manned aviation. Possible applications include gust suppression for improving handling qualities, a better warning system for high wind encounters, and enhanced …

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Machine-Vision-Based Pose Estimation System Using Sensor Fusion For Autonomous Satellite Grappling, Andres Felipe Velasquez Escandon Dec 2013

Machine-Vision-Based Pose Estimation System Using Sensor Fusion For Autonomous Satellite Grappling, Andres Felipe Velasquez Escandon

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

When capturing a non-cooperative satellite during an on-orbit satellite servicing mission, the position and orientation (pose) of the satellite with respect to the servicing vessel is required in order to guide the robotic arm of the vessel towards the satellite. The main objective of this research is the development of a machine vision-based pose estimation system for capturing a non-cooperative satellite. The proposed system finds the satellite pose using three types of natural geometric features: circles, lines and points, and it merges data from two monocular cameras and three different algorithms (one for each type of geometric feature) to increase …

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Using A Three-Dimensional Model To Understand Age Differences In The Framing Effect, Tara E. Karns Dec 2013

Using A Three-Dimensional Model To Understand Age Differences In The Framing Effect, Tara E. Karns

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The present study used a between-subjects design with three instruction conditions to investigate susceptibility to the framing effect among younger, middle-aged, and older adults. Participants were instructed to pay attention to the facts and numbers, to use their gut feelings, or to use their previous experiences to respond to two decision-making scenarios pertaining to treatment for lung cancer and a vaccination for a flu virus. Results revealed that, overall, the framing effect was present in the lung cancer scenario, but not the flu scenario. Instruction condition and age did not affect susceptibility to the framing effect; however, a frame by …

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Red-Headed Woodpecker Habitat Selection And Breeding Ecology On Fort Drum Military Installation, New York, Jacob L. Berl Dec 2013

Red-Headed Woodpecker Habitat Selection And Breeding Ecology On Fort Drum Military Installation, New York, Jacob L. Berl

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Red-headed woodpecker (Melanerpes erythrocephalus) populations have declined range-wide over the past 40 years, although the causal mechanisms implicated in the observed declines remain poorly understood. Population decline has been most severe at the periphery of their range, particularly in the northeastern United States, coinciding with a region where there is little information regarding red-headed woodpecker habitat use or demography. A detailed knowledge of habitat requirements and population dynamics is prerequisite for the effective conservation and management of imperiled wildlife populations, and this knowledge gap likely precludes informed management decisions for red-headed woodpeckers in the northeastern portion of their range. In …

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The Influence Of Gender On The Peer Leadership-Cohesion Relationship, Michael E. Berrebi Dec 2013

The Influence Of Gender On The Peer Leadership-Cohesion Relationship, Michael E. Berrebi

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Research shows that a moderate to large cohesion-performance relationship exists, suggesting teams that build strong social and task cohesion are more likely to be successful. This effect has also found to be stronger in female over male teams. Peer leadership positions are somewhat overshadowed by coach positions on sport teams but can have an important influence on a team's task and social cohesion. This study investigated the influence gender has on the peer leadership-cohesion relationship. Participants were 381 NCAA Division I male and female soccer players from 67 different universities. Each participant completed questionnaires assessing team cohesion and athlete leader …

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Floc-Spanner: An O(1) Time, Locally Self-Stabilizing Algorithm For Geometric Spanner Construction In A Wireless Sensor Network, Goutham Ranganath Dec 2013

Floc-Spanner: An O(1) Time, Locally Self-Stabilizing Algorithm For Geometric Spanner Construction In A Wireless Sensor Network, Goutham Ranganath

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Geometric spanners are a popular form of topology control in wireless networks because they yield an efficient, reduced interference subgraph for both unicast and broadcast routing.;In this thesis work a distributed algorithm for creation of geometric spanners in a wireless sensor network is presented. Given any connected network, we show that the algorithm terminates in O(1) time, irrespective of network size. Our algorithm uses an underlying clustering algorithm as a foundation for creating spanners, and only relies on the periodic heartbeat messages associated with cluster maintenance for the creation of the spanners. The algorithm is also shown to stabilize locally …

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Techniques For Ocular Biometric Recognition Under Non-Ideal Conditions, Raghavender Reddy Jillela Dec 2013

Techniques For Ocular Biometric Recognition Under Non-Ideal Conditions, Raghavender Reddy Jillela

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The use of the ocular region as a biometric cue has gained considerable traction due to recent advances in automated iris recognition. However, a multitude of factors can negatively impact ocular recognition performance under unconstrained conditions (e.g., non-uniform illumination, occlusions, motion blur, image resolution, etc.). This dissertation develops techniques to perform iris and ocular recognition under challenging conditions. The first contribution is an image-level fusion scheme to improve iris recognition performance in low-resolution videos. Information fusion is facilitated by the use of Principal Components Transform (PCT), thereby requiring modest computational efforts. The proposed approach provides improved recognition accuracy when low-resolution …

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Analyzing The Impact Of Wireless Multi-Hop Networking On Vehicular Safety, Rudhir Upretee Dec 2013

Analyzing The Impact Of Wireless Multi-Hop Networking On Vehicular Safety, Rudhir Upretee

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

One of the core challenges of Intelligent Transportation System is the dissemination of timely and accurate vehicle information (e.g. speed, position) to geographically large distances without compromising data supply rates from immediate neighbors. This feature is critical for the design of vehicle safety and navigation applications. Single hop broadcasting is often inadequate to ensure vehicle safety when the platoon size is arbitrarily large due to its upper bound on rate and range of wireless message transmission. Existing wireless multi-hop protocols do not ensure reliable message delivery while avoiding network congestion in the shared channel. In this thesis, we make two …

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An Experimental Investigation Of The Creep Behavior Of An Underground Coalmine Roof With Shale Formation, Priyesh Verma Dec 2013

An Experimental Investigation Of The Creep Behavior Of An Underground Coalmine Roof With Shale Formation, Priyesh Verma

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Stability of the roof in an underground coalmine is imperative for safe and efficient mining. Mining of the coal seam disturbs the natural equilibrium of the in-situ stresses in the surrounding rock. Because of the opening, the surrounding stratum deforms to fill the opening and return to the pre-mining stress state. Such deformation, if allowed to continue, will lead to failure of the strata, which creates an unsafe work environment. Therefore, supports are used to reinforce the deforming strata and help prevent any further deformation in the rock.;However, various mines have reported failures in the supported entries (MSHA, 2013). These …

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Using Bio-Chars As Potential Catalysts For Upgrading Wood Pyrolysis Vapors, Wenjia Jin Dec 2013

Using Bio-Chars As Potential Catalysts For Upgrading Wood Pyrolysis Vapors, Wenjia Jin

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Pyrolysis is a promising thermochemical conversion method to process lignocellulosic biomass to produce bio-oil that can be further refined into chemicals and fuels compatible with current petrochemical fuels. However, bio-oils are highly reactive and unstable and therefore must be refined immediately, thereby reducing process sustainability. Catalytic modifications of pyrolysis vapors have been researched to improve bio-oil stability. However, using traditional highly active petroleum refining cracking catalysts for catalytic pyrolysis has shown some negative results, for example, increasing bio-oil moisture content and reducing its calorific value. Therefore, this project aims at understanding decomposition behavior of wood components, its chemical constituent polymers …

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A Versatile Method Of Resolution Enhancement For Tactile Sensor Array Used As Synthetic Skin: Modeling And Implementation, Karen Flores De Jesus Dec 2013

A Versatile Method Of Resolution Enhancement For Tactile Sensor Array Used As Synthetic Skin: Modeling And Implementation, Karen Flores De Jesus

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Tactile sensors are one of the major devices that enable robotic systems to interact with the surrounding environment. In particular, modern assistive robotic systems need to carry out many human-like activities. Thus, it is desired to have sensor arrays that can acquire different environmental information just like human skin. In the past two decades, various types of tactile sensor arrays have been developed to acquire different physical properties, such as temperature, force, and geometric shapes. However, though the measurement of a single sensor can be accurate, the planar resolution is limited due to fabrication difficulties. This research aims to propose …

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Development Of Methods For The Detection Of Chemical And Biological Warfare Agents, Megan Rea Dejesus Dec 2013

Development Of Methods For The Detection Of Chemical And Biological Warfare Agents, Megan Rea Dejesus

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This dissertation sought to find conditions that enabled the characterization of weapons of mass destruction, be that chemical, explosives, or biological, and find unique ion signals for those materials. Chapter 2 examines how to improve the analytical capability of the pulsed glow discharge through an increased understanding of the ionization processes inherent to the technique. Results of a parametric evaluation of ionization processes in the plasma demonstrated that within the glow discharge ion source there are conditions that can be determined which will enhance the signal of the analytical ion. A key innovation was the determination, that in constant power …

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Multiwavelength Studies Of Rotating Radio Transients, Joshua J. Miller Dec 2013

Multiwavelength Studies Of Rotating Radio Transients, Joshua J. Miller

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Seven years ago, a new class of pulsars called the Rotating Radio Transients (RRATs) was discovered with the Parkes radio telescope in Australia (McLaughlin et al., 2006). These neutron stars are characterized by strong radio bursts at repeatable dispersion measures, but not detectable using standard periodicity-search algorithms. We now know of roughly 100 of these objects, discovered in new surveys and re-analysis of archival survey data. They generally have longer periods than those of the normal pulsar population, and several have high magnetic fields, similar to those other neutron star populations like the X-ray bright magnetars. However, some of the …

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