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Wildlife Response To Stand Structure Of Green Ash Woodlands, Robert A. Hodorff Jan 1985

Wildlife Response To Stand Structure Of Green Ash Woodlands, Robert A. Hodorff

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Vegetation, birds and mammals were sampled over two years in two types of green ash woodlands in extreme northwestern South Dakota. Woodlands referred to as closed canopy stands consisted of dense stands of various species of trees and shrubs in different size and age classes. Woodlands referred to as open canopy stands had sparse stands of older trees, with intermediate seedling, sapling and tall shrub layers nearly absent. Closed stands had significantly greater (P = .002) coverage of shrubs in the understory than open stands while open stands had significantly greater (P = .004) total coverage of grasses than closed …

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Evaluation Of Seasonal Habitat Use By White-Tailed Deer In Eastern South Dakota, Thomas James Kramlich Jan 1985

Evaluation Of Seasonal Habitat Use By White-Tailed Deer In Eastern South Dakota, Thomas James Kramlich

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Seasonal use of selected habitat types by white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) was investigated using radio telemetry locations during 1983 and 1984, on a predominantly agricultural area in east-central South Dakota. In the summer of 1983, radio-collared deer used corn, shelterbelts, and wetlands in proportion to their availability. Soybeans, grainfields, and grasslands were avoided. Deer selected shelterbelts in the fall and wetlands during the winter months, for protective cover. Habitat use shifted in the spring and shelterbelts received heavy use, once they became free of drifted snow. Shelterbelts continued to be selected by deer during the summer of 1984. IN the …

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Evaluation Of Structure And Growth Of Bluegills And Black Bullheads Stocked With Largemouth Bass In South Dakota Farm Ponds, Charles E. Morris Jan 1985

Evaluation Of Structure And Growth Of Bluegills And Black Bullheads Stocked With Largemouth Bass In South Dakota Farm Ponds, Charles E. Morris

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

A two-year study estimated standing stock, growth, condition, survival rates, and population structure of bluegills (Lepomis macrochirus) and black bullheads (Ictalurus melas) stocked in South Dakota farm ponds with largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides). Bluegills and black bullheads reproduced during the second growing seasons and by the end of the study three year-classes of fishes were present in most ponds. Mean back-calculated bluegill total lengths at annuli 1-3 were 58, 125, and 153 mm, respectively. Mean back-calculated black bullhead total lengths at annuli 1-3 were 82, 182, and 240 mm, respectively. A significant north vs south difference (P≤0.05) in third-year bullhead …

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Effectiveness Of Shelterbelts In Improving Microclimatic Conditions For Pheasants In Eastern South Dakota, Todd Matthew Schneider Jan 1985

Effectiveness Of Shelterbelts In Improving Microclimatic Conditions For Pheasants In Eastern South Dakota, Todd Matthew Schneider

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

To evaluate wintering habitat for ring-necked pheasants (Phasianus colchicus), this study compared microclimate regimes , as determined by wind and temperature, between shelterbelts containing 1 or 2 rows of coniferous tree species with shelterbelts comprised entirely of deciduous tree species and between wetland and shelterbelt habitats. Maximum temperatures within both shelterbelt types, particularly deciduous shelterbelts, were cooler than outside ambient air temperature during summer. Throughout November, December, and January, minimum temperatures in coniferous shelterbelts types were significantly (P≤0.04) warmer than deciduous shelterbelt types. Effectiveness of shelterbelts in reducing wind velocity decreased from an average of 71% during summer to 28% …

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Extruded Blend Of Soybean Meal And Sunflower Seeds For Dairy Cattle In Early Lactation, James K. Drackley Jan 1985

Extruded Blend Of Soybean Meal And Sunflower Seeds For Dairy Cattle In Early Lactation, James K. Drackley

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

An extruded blend of 44% crude protein soybean meal (50%), sunflower seeds (45%), and premix (5%) was evaluated as a protein and energy source for dairy cows in early lactation. Thirty Holstein cows (24 multiparos and 6 primiparous) were assigned to either a corn-oats-soybean meal concentrate (SBM) or a concentrate where soy-sunflower blend replaced all soybean meal and portions of corn and oats (SSF). Dry matter of total mixed diets was 36% corn silage, 21% alfalfa haylage, and 43% concentrate. Yields of milk (33.6 and 33.8 kg/day) and 4% fat-corrected milk (30.9 and 30.5 kg/day) were similar for cows fed …

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Protected Methionine And Heat-Treated Soybean Meal For High-Producing Dairy Cows, Che-Ming Jimmy Yang Jan 1985

Protected Methionine And Heat-Treated Soybean Meal For High-Producing Dairy Cows, Che-Ming Jimmy Yang

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The effectiveness of a rumen-protected methionine preparation was studied as an amino acid source for high-producing dairy cows during wk 4 through 16 postpartum. Twenty-four Holstein cows (14 primiparous and 10 multiparous) were fed concentrate containing heat-treated· soybean meal without or with 50 g/cow/day of added ruminally protected methionine product which provided 15 g of added DL-methionine daily. Cows were fed 16% crude protein mixed diets containing 30% of dry matter as corn silage, 15% as alfalfa hay, and 55% as concentrate. Milk production and composition were adjusted for pretreatment values (3 wk postpartum) by analysis of covariance. Adjusted milk …

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Photovoltaic Investigations Utilizing Stannic Oxide Single Crystals, Teresa L. Hein Jan 1985

Photovoltaic Investigations Utilizing Stannic Oxide Single Crystals, Teresa L. Hein

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The energy crisis of the 1970's led to a considerable research effort in typical p-n junctions used in solar cells. However, there are several other types of photovoltaic effects worthy of investigation. Two of these effects are of particular interest to this study. One of these is the Dember photovoltaic effect. This effect occurs in the bulk of the semiconductor and arises from the differences in hole and electron mobilities. It requires a semiconductor with metal contacts exposed to light which is nonuniformly distributed. A second type of photovoltaic effect of particular interest is that which occurs in Schottky-barrier devices. …

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Effects Of Irrigation Scheduling On Spring Wheat Cultivars, Donald John Lee Jan 1985

Effects Of Irrigation Scheduling On Spring Wheat Cultivars, Donald John Lee

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Wheat is grown on more hectares in South Dakota than any other crop. Cold temperatures leave winter wheat susceptible to freeze injury in much of the state's wheat belt so over half of the wheat hectares are planted to spring wheat. As irrigated hectares have increased in the state, interest has risen in the production of spring wheat under irrigation as an alternative to or in rotation with corn and other crops. Little information is available on irrigation practices in spring wheat production in South Dakota. Irrigation studies have been done in the state as early as 1949 but results …

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The Effects Of The Diet Suggested In The United States Dietary Goals On Serum Cholesterol Levels, Paula Kay Peters Madigan Jan 1985

The Effects Of The Diet Suggested In The United States Dietary Goals On Serum Cholesterol Levels, Paula Kay Peters Madigan

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The effects of the diet suggested in the United States Dietary Goals on serum cholesterol levels was studied by using male Holtzman rats. There were twelve experimental diets. All of the diets contained 28% of total calories as fat. The type of fat was either saturated, unsaturated, or half saturated and half unsaturated. Two sources of carbohydrate, sucrose and cornstarch, and tw6 levels of each, 52% and 62%, were examined. The source of protein was the same in all diets, but varied in amount, 10% or 20% of total calories. The type of fat did not yield a significant difference …

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Upwards And Onwards :Women's Search For Authenticity In The Novels Of Charlotte Bronte, Jean Mcgruer Jan 1985

Upwards And Onwards :Women's Search For Authenticity In The Novels Of Charlotte Bronte, Jean Mcgruer

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

There is much in Bronte's novels that is autobiographical: one cannot help but notice the similarities between her small, plain, and often painfully shy heroines and their creator. They are teachers and governesses, they are women who long to be loved and cherished, they have strong beliefs. This study is not intended to be biographical, however, for there is much in her heroines that does not reflect Bronte. Women of Bronte's background, educated gentlewomen, often lacking financial security, rarely had many options for employment, and even fewer for a career. They were seamstresses, companions, governesses, teachers. They were often poorly …

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The Effect Of Prostaglandin F2cl Administered During Early Gestation In Ewes, Paul E. Naasz Jan 1985

The Effect Of Prostaglandin F2cl Administered During Early Gestation In Ewes, Paul E. Naasz

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Synchronization of estrus in the cyclic ewe can be accomplished by the use of prostaglandin F2a. Estrous synchronization offers the possibility of more uniform offspring, concentration of parturition which would allow for better use of facilities and labor, and the utilization of outstanding sires through artificial insemination. Some current estrous synchronization regimes for ewes consist of exposure to rams for a period of time followed by an intramuscular injection of prostaglandin F2a (PGF) to all ewes that have not previously mated. Administration of PGF to ewes that have already mated, however, may lead to termination of pregnancy. Before application of …

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The Effect Of Nutrition Education On The Dietary Intake Of College Students, Elizabeth Ann Pond Jan 1985

The Effect Of Nutrition Education On The Dietary Intake Of College Students, Elizabeth Ann Pond

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

According to Guthrie, nutrition professionals are especially concerned about the food habits of adolescents. Dietary inadequacies are higher during adolescence than at any other stage of the life cycle. Deficiencies in this age range can have fat reaching effects, especially for females. Female adolescent nutritive needs are surpassed only by those during pregnancy and lactation. The adolescent who becomes pregnant before growth is complete is of particular concern. If nutritive intake is inadequate before conception the adolescent and her unborn child are at high risk. Another nutritionally related concern in adolescence is the increased incidence of eating disorders such as …

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A Comparison Of Four Phosphorus Placement Methods In Eastern South Dakota, Dale R. Sorenson Jan 1985

A Comparison Of Four Phosphorus Placement Methods In Eastern South Dakota, Dale R. Sorenson

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Fertilizer placement is generally more important for phosphorus than other nutrients. Phosphorus is an immobile nutrient. Unlike nitrogen which is mobile and transported by mass-flow, phosphorus is transported by a much slower process known as diffusion. Phosphorus fertilizer also reacts with soils to form products which are only slightly soluble. The greater the soil-fertilizer contact the less chance there is of the phosphorus remaining in a soluble form. Most plants have their highest requirement for phosphorus during the early stages of growth. The first part of the growing season is usually when environmental conditions are less than optimum for plant …

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The Effect Of Age On The Sensitivity Of Cell Cultures To Clostridium Difficile Toxin, Jo Anne Tichota-Lee Jan 1985

The Effect Of Age On The Sensitivity Of Cell Cultures To Clostridium Difficile Toxin, Jo Anne Tichota-Lee

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Clinical microbiology laboratories performing C. difficile toxin assays usually elect to maintain only cell lines shipped from suppliers. In this study, four cell lines, primary human foreskin (HFS), Chinese Hamster Ovary (CHO-Kl), HEp-2, and WI-38 were tested for sensitivity to the effects of C. difficile cytotoxin. The influence of the age of the culture and duration of the assay, 4 versus 24 hours, was also examined. Twenty-eight positive and 13 negative patient specimens were tested. Tubes of cells were inoculated at ages of 3,4,5,6,7,9, and 14 days and examined for cytopathic effects at 4 and 24 hours post inoculation. The …

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The Electric Choremaster: Development And Performance Of An Agricultural Electric Tractor, Brian D. Vik Jan 1985

The Electric Choremaster: Development And Performance Of An Agricultural Electric Tractor, Brian D. Vik

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The National Rural Electric Cooperative partially funded a project at South Dakota State for development of an electric tractor in 1983. Association University The goals of this project were to build, demonstrate and evaluate a battery-powered farmstead chore tractor which would lead to a commercially produced and widely accepted vehicle. Three major results were expected from the work: 1) test results and analyses to verify the. feasibility of farmstead electric vehicles and to indicate some of the problems and limitations encountered during actual use, 2) a vehicle to demonstrate the concept of electric vehicles to farmers and to farm equipment …

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A Laboratory Study Concerning The Control Of Black-Tailed Prairie Dogs (Cynomys Ludovicianus) With Sodium Monofluoroacetate (Compound 1080), Charles David Ward Jan 1985

A Laboratory Study Concerning The Control Of Black-Tailed Prairie Dogs (Cynomys Ludovicianus) With Sodium Monofluoroacetate (Compound 1080), Charles David Ward

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Sodium monofluoroacetate (Compound 1080) is a highly toxic rodenticide which has ·been used in control of prairie dogs (Cynomys spp.). The toxic effects of Compound 1080 to non-target species caused Compound 10SO to be banned as a rodenticide. This study was initiated to develop a low-level bait which could be effective in prairie dog control and would have a higher margin of safety to non-target species. Compound 1080 was administered to 83 black-tailed prairie dogs (Cynomys ludovicianus). The primary research objective was to determine the acute ·oral median lethal dose (LD50) in black-tailed prairie dogs. This was established at 0.173 …

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Studies On The Immune Response To Bovine Herpesvirus Type 4 (Bhv-4) In Cattle, Shirley K. Wynia Jan 1985

Studies On The Immune Response To Bovine Herpesvirus Type 4 (Bhv-4) In Cattle, Shirley K. Wynia

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Systemic cell mediated, systemic antibody, and local antibody responses were evaluated in cattle inoculated with bovine herpesvirus type 4 (BHV-4). Experiment 1 was designed to evaluate an in vitro lymphocyte transformation assay to quantitate the response of peripheral blood leukocytes (PBL) from cattle to BHV-4 infected target cells. Three types of target cells, bovine embryonic lung, bovine skin fibroblast-13, and Vero, were inoculated with BHV-4 at different multiplicities of infection and fixed in glutaraldehyde to retain BHV-4 surface antigens. Optimum effector to target cell ratios and length of incubation for the assay were also determined. Vero cells infected at an …

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Utilization Of Selected Characteristics In The Labeling Of Elderly Nursing Home Patients As Confused, Patriciann F. Brady Jan 1985

Utilization Of Selected Characteristics In The Labeling Of Elderly Nursing Home Patients As Confused, Patriciann F. Brady

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The term confusion is often used as a nursing diagnosis. Yet, there is no consistent definition that indicates a systematic process is used in the labeling of elderly patients as confused. The research question for this descriptive association study was: "To what extent are selected characteristics utilized among nursing home staff in the labeling of elderly as confused?"
The objectives of this study were as follows:
1) Identify the frequency of use of each of the selected characteristics in the clinical determination of confusion in the elderly by nursing home staff.
2) Determine the relationship between nursing home staffs' identification …

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The Effects Of A Clinical Enrichment Rotation On The Students' Ability To Perform Nursing Functions Indicative Of A Registered Nurse, Cynthia L. G. Senger Jan 1985

The Effects Of A Clinical Enrichment Rotation On The Students' Ability To Perform Nursing Functions Indicative Of A Registered Nurse, Cynthia L. G. Senger

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The objectives of the study were:
1. To describe to what extent the Clinical Enrichment Rotation facilitated the perceived ease of transition from the role of the student to the role of Registered Nurse.
2. To determine to what extent the Clinical Enrichment Rotation affected the graduate's perceived ability to perform selected nursing functions indicative of the role of a Registered Nurse.
3. To determine to what extent students perceived the objectives of the Clinical Enrichment Rotation in an associate degree program were accomplished. The above objectives reflect the order in which each objective will be analyzed.

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The Relationship Between Age-And Sex-Specific Death Rates And Quality Of Life Factors In The South Dakota Population 65 Years Of Age And Older In 1960, 1970 And 1980, Joyce I. Nelson Jan 1985

The Relationship Between Age-And Sex-Specific Death Rates And Quality Of Life Factors In The South Dakota Population 65 Years Of Age And Older In 1960, 1970 And 1980, Joyce I. Nelson

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This study investigated age- and sex-specific death rates in South Dakota Counties among the population 65 and over in 1960, 1970 and 1980. Census Bureau and Vital Statistic data were employed to answer the basic question of how death rates and quality of life factors were related. Quality of life factors included; economics, urbanization, health technology, and education, which were operationalized at the county level. A description of county quality of life factors and age- and sex-specific death rates for males and females was presented. County death rates for the older population were regressed with county quality of life factors …

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The Relationship Between Selected Demographic, Socioeconomic And Geo-Ecological Factors And Age-Specific Net Migration In South Dakota For 1950-60, 1960-70 And 1970-1980, John W. Meyer Jan 1985

The Relationship Between Selected Demographic, Socioeconomic And Geo-Ecological Factors And Age-Specific Net Migration In South Dakota For 1950-60, 1960-70 And 1970-1980, John W. Meyer

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This study investigated the relationship between various demographic, socioeconomic and geo-ecological factors and the process of age-specific net migration in South Dakota for the decades of 1950-60, 1960-70 and 1970-80. Census Bureau, Department of Education, Soil Conservation Service and vital statistics data were employed to answer the basic question of how demographic, socioeconomic and geo-ecological characteristics of counties of South Dakota were related to the patterns of age-specific net migration. For this study, four descriptive activities were completed. More specifically, mid-decade survival rates were calculated, age-specific net migration rates were determined, patterns of age-specific net migration for the past three …

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An Analysis Of The Exchange Relationships In A Voluntary Organization Network Undergoing Structural Change, Gary A. Goreham Jan 1985

An Analysis Of The Exchange Relationships In A Voluntary Organization Network Undergoing Structural Change, Gary A. Goreham

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Using Richard Emerson's exchange network analysis, exchange relations in the South Dakota 4-H program were examined. South Dakota 4-H is comprised of both paid staff and volunteer leaders. It is currently undergoing structural change through the implementation of the Key Leader System. The Key Leader System involves appointing county level Key Leaders and club level Project Leaders to disseminate information to 4-H members and to assist them with their projects. Survey data, interviews, and State Fair results were collected to test hypotheses generated by exchange network analysis. Both clubs and counties varied in the degree to which they had implemented …

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Comparison Of Two Phosphorus Tests On Calcareous Soils Of Eastern South Dakota, Mohamed Ali Jan 1985

Comparison Of Two Phosphorus Tests On Calcareous Soils Of Eastern South Dakota, Mohamed Ali

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Phosphorus is an important nutrient in crop production, since many soils in their native state do not contain sufficient available phosphorus to maximize crop yield. Now, more than ever, the importance of an adequate supply of plant nutrients to insure [sic] sufficient crop production is being recognized. Soil scientists and agronomists are continually striving to overcome nutrient deficiencies as well as use improved management practices in order that yields may more nearly approach the genetic limit of crop plants. Phosphorous forms sparingly soluble compounds with divalent and trivalent cations in soils. Therefore, the amount of P in the soil solution …

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An Ecological Study Of The Vegetation Of The Grand River/Cedar River, Sioux, And Ashland Districts Of The Custer National Forest, Paul Luther Hansen Jan 1985

An Ecological Study Of The Vegetation Of The Grand River/Cedar River, Sioux, And Ashland Districts Of The Custer National Forest, Paul Luther Hansen

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

A land-classification system based on potential natural vegetation is presented for the Grand River/Cedar River, Sioux, and Ashland Districts of the Custer National Forest. The districts are located in northwestern South Dakota, southwestern North Dakota, and southeastern Montana. The vegetation was characterized according to habitat type based on concepts and methods developed by Daubenmire. A total of 169 stands were intensively sampled over a four-year period. Twenty-six habitat types were described including eight steppe, nine shrub-steppe, four woodland, and five forested habitat types. In addition, two shrub-steppe community types were identified. A diagnostic key is provided for field identification of …

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A Comparison Of Low-Level And High-Level Language Implementations Of File Transfer Software For A Specific Unobtrusive Computernetwork, Hal Edwin Fulton Jan 1985

A Comparison Of Low-Level And High-Level Language Implementations Of File Transfer Software For A Specific Unobtrusive Computernetwork, Hal Edwin Fulton

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

No abstract provided.

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Porting And Evaluation Of An Unobtrusive Networking Protocol / By David M. Turbeville, David Milton Turbeville Jan 1985

Porting And Evaluation Of An Unobtrusive Networking Protocol / By David M. Turbeville, David Milton Turbeville

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

No abstract provided.

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Lungworm Infections, Reproduction And Summer Habitat Use Of Bighorn Sheep In Custer State Park, South Dakota, Gary C. Brundige Jan 1985

Lungworm Infections, Reproduction And Summer Habitat Use Of Bighorn Sheep In Custer State Park, South Dakota, Gary C. Brundige

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Bighorn sheep (Ovis canadensis) were once indigenous to the Black Hills and Badlands of South Dakota. When European settlers moved into this region during the late 1800' s, market hunting, loss of habitat, and introduction of animal diseases and parasites caused the subspecies of the region, the Audubon's bighorn sheep (O. c. auduboni), to become extinct by 1916 (Buechner 1960). To reestablish bighorn sheep in the Black Hills, 8 Rocky Mountain bighorn sheep (O. c. canadensis) were introduced into the former range of the Audubon's sheep in 1922. Finding the habitat to be very suitable, this small population increased to …

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The Performance Of Quartzite And Natural Aggregate In Flexible Pavement : A Case Study, Mohammed Hossien Roghani Jan 1985

The Performance Of Quartzite And Natural Aggregate In Flexible Pavement : A Case Study, Mohammed Hossien Roghani

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Two parking lots, one made of quartzite and the other made of natural aggregate, were compared using the Marshall method mix design test, skid resistance tests, and economic studies. It was found that the pavement with quartzite uses 13.3% less asphalt, gives a higher mean skid resistance, and saves 0.13 dollars per square yard per year during the life span of the pavement assumed in this study. It was determined that quartzite pavement is preferable to pavement with natural aggregate. The flexible pavement structure in a parking lot must have enough stability to meet the load exerted from parked cars …

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The Sandhills Of South Dakota : A Regional Study, Robert E. Weimer Jan 1985

The Sandhills Of South Dakota : A Regional Study, Robert E. Weimer

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This thesis is a systematic regional study of the Sandhills of South Dakota. The Sandhills of South Dakota occupy an area of slightly more than 400 square miles in south central South Dakota and are a northward extension of the much larger expanse of Nebraska Sandhills. Their distribution in South Dakota includes the southern portions of Shannon, Bennett, Todd, and Tripp counties. The Sandhills extend northward from the South Dakota-Nebraska border approximately five miles. Their east-west extent is some 100 miles. Sand dunes comprise the prevailing surface formation of the Sandhills. The dunes resulted from erosion of the underlying loosely …

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The Effects Of Nitrogen And Tillage On Denitrification Rates And The Yield Of Corn, Oats, And Soybeans In Eastern South Dakota, Brian Robert Hilton Jan 1985

The Effects Of Nitrogen And Tillage On Denitrification Rates And The Yield Of Corn, Oats, And Soybeans In Eastern South Dakota, Brian Robert Hilton

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Two field experiments were established in 1983 to evaluate the effect of nitrogen (N) on corn, oats and soybeans grown under various tillage sytems [sic] in east central South Dakota. A corn-oats rotation was grown under moldboard plow (MP), chisel plow (CH), and no-till (NT) tillage systems in a Poinsett silty clay loam soil (Udic Haplaboroll, fine-silty, mixed). In southeast South Dakota a corn-soybean rotation and a continous [sic] corn rotation were grown under MP NT and till plant (TP) and MP CH and NT systems, respectively on an Egan silty clay loam soil (Udic Haplustoll fine silty mixed). Nitrogen …

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