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Habitat Use By Beaver Along The Big Sioux River, Charles D. Dieter Jan 1987

Habitat Use By Beaver Along The Big Sioux River, Charles D. Dieter

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Habitat utilization and lodge site selection by beaver (Castor canadensis) were investigated during 1985 and 1986 along the Big Sioux River in eastern South Dakota. Because livestock grazing has affected the number and size of trees available for beaver use, the study area was portioned into grazed, ungrazed, and farmed habitat. Diameter at breast height (DBH) of trees in grazed areas was greater (p < 0.01) than in ungrazed or farmed areas. Almost half (48%) of the trees in ungrazed areas were small (DBH < 7.5 cm), while a majority (58%) of the trees in grazed areas had large diameters (DBH > 30 cm). Beaver activity was evident on 286 of 2410 (11.8%) trees (DBH > 2.5 cm) and 756 of 7,794 (9.7%) stems (DBH < 2.5cm) sampled. A greater proportion (p < 0.01) of trees were cut by beavers in ungrazed than in grazed areas. Beaver did not select tree species for cutting according to availability (p < 0.01). Green ash (Fraxinus pennsylvanica) was selected for cutting while both boxelder (Acer negundo) and hawthorn (Crataegus mollis) were selected against. Sandbar willow (Salix exigua) stems were important for food and building materials. Trees cut by beaver were significantly smaller in diameter (p < 0.01) than uncut trees. Mean distance from water of cut trees was also less (p < 0.01) than for uncut trees. Over half (52%) of the trees damaged by beaver were not killed and either resprouted or remained alive and standing. Of 8 variables examined at lodge sites, analysis indicated that the 2 most important factors in beaver lodge site selection were riverbank slope and horizontal cover density between 0.9 m and 1.8 m above ground (read from 10 m). Mean slope of the riverbank at lodge sites (40.7 degrees) was greater (p < 0.01) than at control sites (26.7 degrees), while mean horizontal cover density between 0.9 m and 1.8 m (read from 10 m) was also greater (p < 0.01) at lodge sites (53%) than at control sites (28%). Ungrazed habitat was selected by beaver for lodge sites, and grazed areas were selected against. Although 40% of the study area was ungrazed, 27 of 33 (82%) active lodges were located in these areas. Ungrazed areas along the Big Sioux River are important for beaver populations and selection for these areas by beaver reflects habitat quality.

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First Year Growth And Survival Of Walleyes In Power Plant Evaporation And Holding Reservoirs, Michael P. Faler Jan 1987

First Year Growth And Survival Of Walleyes In Power Plant Evaporation And Holding Reservoirs, Michael P. Faler

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Walleyes (Stizostedion vitreum) were stocked at a rate of 88 fish/hectare in two South Dakota power plant reservoirs and their growth and survival were monitored for one year. Length, weight, and survival of walleyes were significantly (P < 0.05) different between the two reservoirs. The walleyes attained a mean length of 230 mm (range 192 - 265 mm) in the Evaporation Reservoir and 205 mm (range 177-250 mm) in the Holding Reservoir. Mean weights attained by the fish were 104 g (range 65 - 165 g) in the Evaporation Reservoir and 89 g (range 48 - 135 g) in the Holding Reservoir. The growth rates of walleyes in the two reservoirs were inversely related to survival and standing crops. Walleye survival in the Evaporation Reservoir was 1.5% (0.95 C.L., 0.9 - 2.8%) with a standing crop of 0.13 kg/hectare, whereas survival in the Holding Reservoir was 17.2% (0.95 c,L., 13.5 - 22.9%) with a standing crop of 1.33 kg/ hectare. Walleye standing crop estimates, calculated in terms of weight of fish per volume of water beneath the ice, -were similar in the two reservoirs1 standing crops were 0.06 kg/1000 m3 in the Evaporation Reservoir, and 0.08 kg/1000 m3 in the Holding Reservoir. Estimated forage fish standing crops were 1 .21 kg/hectare in the Evaporation Reservoir and 1.91 kg/hectare in the Holding Reservoir.

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Impacts Of Stocking Herbivorous Fishes For Aquatic Macophyte Removal Upon South Dakota Ponds, John Christopher Young Jan 1987

Impacts Of Stocking Herbivorous Fishes For Aquatic Macophyte Removal Upon South Dakota Ponds, John Christopher Young

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Aquatic macrophyte removal by herbivorous fishes was investigated to determine changes in the predator-prey relationship of largemouth bass, Micropterus salmoides, and bluegills, Lepomis macrochirus, stocked into 15 prairie ponds. Monosex grass carp, Ctenopharyngodon idella, and hybrid grass carp, Ctenopharyngodon idella x Hypophthalmicthys nobilis, were each stocked at a rate of 247 fish/hectare into five study ponds. Largemouth bass and bluegills were each stocked into 12 study ponds at 247 fish/hectare in July, and 1235 fish/hectare in September, 1984, respectively. Additional largemouth bass were stocked at a rate of 247 fish/hectare into nine study ponds in July, 1985. Conductivity was the …

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Rainbow Trout Cage Culture Utilizing Different Strains, Stocking Densities, And Feeding Methods In Eastern South Dakota Dugout Ponds, Jay Patrick Maher Jan 1987

Rainbow Trout Cage Culture Utilizing Different Strains, Stocking Densities, And Feeding Methods In Eastern South Dakota Dugout Ponds, Jay Patrick Maher

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) cage culture techniques were investigated in dugouts as part of a continuing program to evaluate the potential of small-scale, landowner-based aquaculture operations. Trout raised in the study did not reach a marketable size (200 g) due to the short growing season and small size at stocking. No significant (P >0.05) differences in growth were detected between stocking densities of 60, 80, 100, and 120 fish/m³. Demand feeding resulted in significantly greater length (P≤0.01), weight (P≤0.01), and relative weight (P≤0.05) than hand feeding in both years tested. Rainbow trout of the Hildebrand strain reached a significantly greater …

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Impact Of Grazing Systems On Rodent And Cottontail Rabbit Populations In South Texas, Meenakshi Nagendran Jan 1987

Impact Of Grazing Systems On Rodent And Cottontail Rabbit Populations In South Texas, Meenakshi Nagendran

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Study sites were established at Rob and Bessie Welder Refuge and Encino Division of the King Ranch in south Texas to monitor the impact of Short-duration cell grazing (SDG) and Continuous grazing on small mammal and cottontail rabbit populations. Small mammals were live trapped (With occasional snap trapping) and cottontails were spotlighted. Vertical and horizontal components of vegetative structure were measured in terms of percent cover. There was paucity of rodents on the Welder Refuge – 8 captures for 9705 trap nights. In 1984 127 cottontails/km) and in 1985-1986 64 cottontails were seen along 436.8 km of road transects (.14 …

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Biotic Responses On Typha-Monodominant Semipermanent Wetlands To Cattle Grazing, Bryan David Schultz Jan 1987

Biotic Responses On Typha-Monodominant Semipermanent Wetlands To Cattle Grazing, Bryan David Schultz

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Changes in the vegetative composition of most palustrine emergent semi-permanent wetlands is primarily a function of water level fluctuation. However, some wetlands do not exhibit vegetational shifts since emergent species such as Typha persist under flooded as well as drought conditions. Numerous techniques to control cattails such as burning and herbicide application have been suggested. The objective of this study was to test the use of cattle grazing as a method of controlling dense cattail stands in semi-permanent wetlands to improve breeding duck habitat. Plots (.81 ha) were established in the emergent zone in each of two wetlands (≤ 4 …

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Evaluation Of Largemouth Bass And Bluegill Stocking Strategies In South Dakota Ponds, David M. Gilbraith Jan 1987

Evaluation Of Largemouth Bass And Bluegill Stocking Strategies In South Dakota Ponds, David M. Gilbraith

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Three fish-stocking methods were evaluated to determine the effects of stocking density and chronology on largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) and bluegill (Lepomis macrochirus) survival, growth, and reproductive success during 1983-1985. Two densities of split-stocking largemouth bass with bluegills were compared to the simultaneous introduction of both species. First-year largemouth bass survival was low and variable among treatments. Survival of largemouth bass ranged from 0-85% and averaged 25% among treatments. Bluegill survival, for the first and second years combined, ranged from 0-60% and averaged 22% among two split-stocking treatments. Thirty-six percent of study ponds experienced at least partial winterkill during the …

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Phosphoramidates : Metal Ion Catalyzed Ligand Exchange, Paula R. Andenas Jan 1987

Phosphoramidates : Metal Ion Catalyzed Ligand Exchange, Paula R. Andenas

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Our studies entail the use of a model system, the 2-substituted-5-chloromethyl-5-methyl-2-oxo-1,3,2-dioxaphosphorinan whose chemistry has been outlined in a number of publications. A phosphorian ring system is found in cyclic AMP and is the central structural feature of cyclophosphamides, which are anticancer drugs. The goal of our research project is to study the effect of metal ions in methanolysis of phosphorus (V) substrates. We have attempted to answer which metal ions are effective as catalysts and their relative efficiency. In the study of these problems, we are examining catalytic specificity of the displacement of specific ligands. The stereochemistry of the reaction, …

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Abscisic Acid And Tissue Desiccation Alters Ribonuclease I Activity In Winter Barley Without Cold Acclimation, James Valentine Anderson Jan 1987

Abscisic Acid And Tissue Desiccation Alters Ribonuclease I Activity In Winter Barley Without Cold Acclimation, James Valentine Anderson

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This research was initiated to obtain additional information about the causes for phenotypic variation of RNase I activity within winter barley cultivars. Unpublished data from this laboratory shows that antibody produced from RNase I obtained from two cultivars was mutually cross-reactive with antigen from the two cultivars of winter barley. The difference seen in RNase I activity between cultivars which can not be explained by the amount of RNase present may have similarities to that of inactive or incomplete forms of certain enzymes found in sec B mutants. Ferra-Novick et al. reported such sec B mutants as having early inactive …

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Sump Pump Survey And Loading Analysis Of Sewers In The East Acres Subdivision Of The City Of Brookings, South Dakota, Ronald Gene Abraham Jan 1987

Sump Pump Survey And Loading Analysis Of Sewers In The East Acres Subdivision Of The City Of Brookings, South Dakota, Ronald Gene Abraham

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The City of Brookings, South Dakota is a community with a population of over 15,000, including a campus enrollment at South Dakota State University of nearly 7,000. Brookings is located near the Big Sioux River which flows northwest to the southeast and runs only a couple of miles to the west of town. This community has many low areas which are influenced by the high ground water table of the Big Sioux aquifer. The portions of Brookings between 17th Avenue and 22nd Avenue, 6th Street and Derdall Drive is such an area. Many homes within this vicinity …

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Factors Influencing Grey Seed Weevil Smicronyx Sordidus (Lec.) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) Infestation And Survival, Matthew E. Byers Jan 1987

Factors Influencing Grey Seed Weevil Smicronyx Sordidus (Lec.) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) Infestation And Survival, Matthew E. Byers

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Cultivated sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) is an economically important crop in the United States and South Dakota. Native to North America, oil seed varieties of cultivated sunflower are second only to soybeans as a source of vegetable oil. Sunflower seed harvested for both oil and confection in South Dakota was 59,711 hectares (ha) in 1975. This hectarage has increased, stabilized, and during the last six years, has averaged 218,600 ha per year. Sunflower production, however in Minnesota and North Dakota, has decreased during this same period. Sunflower breeding efforts and hybrid development have reached the point where cultivated sunflower has …

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The Original Survey Notes Of Beadle County As A Geographical Reference, Ralph Jay Borkowski Jan 1987

The Original Survey Notes Of Beadle County As A Geographical Reference, Ralph Jay Borkowski

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

It is the intent of the author to present a detailed overview of the great variety and specific types of geographical information that are available within the original land surveyors' notes and plats in a geographical manner. The author believes that these notes and plats have been overlooked for more than 100 years as a source of valuable geographical information. The author believes that these materials have been overlooked primarily because geographers did not realize the amount of material available; neither did they know how to use them and where to find them. These notes and plats create a seldom …

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South Dakota Beef Industry, David Bruce Bau Jan 1987

South Dakota Beef Industry, David Bruce Bau

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The beef industry in South Dakota is an important component of the state's agricultural economy. South Dakota beef producers market approximately 2.0 million head of cattle and calves annually with value in excess of 1.2 billion dollars in 1984. This revenue represents over 60 percent of total livestock receipts for the state and over 35 percent of total agricultural sales. In 1985, South Dakota cattle gross income was over $1,336 million. The significance of South Dakota cattle production is further demonstrated by a national ranking of fifth in beef cows that calved and ninth in total production of cattle and …

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Talcott Parsons' Economic Sub-Systems Model And County-To-County Net Migration Patterns In South Dakota 1975-1980, Richard E. Barnes Jan 1987

Talcott Parsons' Economic Sub-Systems Model And County-To-County Net Migration Patterns In South Dakota 1975-1980, Richard E. Barnes

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This paper explores Talcott Parsons' theoretical use of social systems models with applications for understanding the ability of a social system to exploit external economic resources, both capital and labor, while examining the pattern maintenance functions of the system that maintain the population base. As social systems address common problems, four basic categories of activity are delineated by Parsons. Concentrating on the vertical cells of Adaptation and Latency, the economic sub-system is examined for its affects upon the migration process. Four distinct economic types are identified with four different patterns of migration based upon the theoretical perspectives of Parsons. This …

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Production And Environmental Simulations For Livestock Housing, Mark Allen Diesch Jan 1987

Production And Environmental Simulations For Livestock Housing, Mark Allen Diesch

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

An animal's environment is affected by all surrounding conditions. The thermal environment; the effects of air temperature, moisture, and velocity balanced with animal heat and moisture production, is part of the total environment. It is one of the most important influences of an animal's surroundings since 25 to 40 percent of an animal's gross feed energy is converted to heat and moisture loss to the environment. Poor livestock thermal environments occur because of poor livestock structures. A structure with the correct thermal environment will provide conditions such that the homeothermic animal will be in a zone of thermal comfort. If …

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Reciprocal Ovary Transplantation As A Means To Study Reproductive Function In Female Lethal Yellow Mice (A̲Y̲/A̲: C57bl/6j), Gerald Alan Dickens Jan 1987

Reciprocal Ovary Transplantation As A Means To Study Reproductive Function In Female Lethal Yellow Mice (A̲Y̲/A̲: C57bl/6j), Gerald Alan Dickens

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The first study was conducted to determine whether the previously observed reproductive failures in aging obese lethal yellow (AY/a) females are due primarily to: (1) intrinsic defects within AY/a ovaries or (2) systemic defects extrinsic to AY/a ovaries such as sites within the hypothalamus or pituitary gland. A second experiment was conducted to assess uterine capacity in AY/a females. In order to accurately measure uterine capacity in AY/a females, it was necessary to separate uterine effects from embryo (AY/a) effects. Thus by conducting the appropriate ovary transplantations, one could test uterine capacity in AY/a females in the absence of AY/a …

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Development Of An In Vivo Model To Determine The Biological Value Of Microbial Protein, Thomas A. Fritz Jan 1987

Development Of An In Vivo Model To Determine The Biological Value Of Microbial Protein, Thomas A. Fritz

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The ruminant's ability to convert low quality and non-protein nitrogen (NPN) to high quality protein is as important as their ability to utilize cellulosic feeds. This unique characteristic will continue to be exploited in the future with increasing emphasis being placed on noncompetitive feedstuffs. There has been considerable progress in developing alternative energy sources in beef cattle diets. There has not been the same success in replacing dietary high quality preformed proteins with urea or other NPN sources in most production situations. The complexity of the digestive system in ruminants is well recognized by all who work with diet formulation …

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Factors Affecting The Use Of Herbicides In Conservation Tillage, Pamela J. Hutchinson Jan 1987

Factors Affecting The Use Of Herbicides In Conservation Tillage, Pamela J. Hutchinson

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

An alternative method of powering and guiding agricultural implements was described and tested. The system utilized a center pivot irrigation gantry as a position reference device for an electrically powered tool-frame. The system induced the tool-frame to follow a reference point on the irrigation gantry, while that point was incremented outward by a ground driven mechanism. The path followed by the tool-frame was that of an Archimedean spiral. A crop was planted and cultivated with the system, while evaluating the path for accuracy within operations, and repeatability between operations comparison of the overall energy efficiency and energy costs was made …

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Field Evaluation Of An Electrically Powered Spiral Mechanization System, Daniel Sherman Humburg Jan 1987

Field Evaluation Of An Electrically Powered Spiral Mechanization System, Daniel Sherman Humburg

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

An alternative method of powering and guiding agricultural implements was described and tested. The system utilized a center pivot irrigation gantry as a position reference device for an electronically powered tool-frame. The system induced the tool frame to follow a reference point on the irrigation gantry, while the point was incremented outward by a ground driven mechanism. The path followed by the tool-frame was of an Archimedean spiral. A crop was planted and cultivated with the system, while evaluating the path for accuracy within operations, and repeatability between operations. A comparison of the overall energy efficiency and energy costs was …

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Soil Degradation Comparisons Of Corn Rootworm Insecticides In The Field And Laboratory, Michael J. Haas Jan 1987

Soil Degradation Comparisons Of Corn Rootworm Insecticides In The Field And Laboratory, Michael J. Haas

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The ability of a pesticide to provide the desired level of control may be lost or diminished after repeated soil applications with the same chemical. The microbial population of the soil may develop the capacity to rapidly degrade a-compound to which it has been repeatedly exposed. This loss of persistence due to rapid degradation of a compound by an adapted microbial population is known as enhanced microbial degradation, or enhanced biodegradation. In 1949 Audus showed that failure of 2,4-D to control weeds in soil receiving prior applications was due to a microbiological factor which rapidly degraded the compound. The loss …

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Variability In Rhizoctonia Solani Kühn Pathogenic On Flax, Nallathamby Kangatharalingam Jan 1987

Variability In Rhizoctonia Solani Kühn Pathogenic On Flax, Nallathamby Kangatharalingam

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Physiological and pathogenic variability among isolates belonging to anastomosis groups (AG) one and four of Rhizoctonia solani Kuhn pathogenic on flax were investigated. Isolates were obtained from a soil survey of flax (Linum usitatissimum L.) fields in South Dakota, from cooperators in Minnesota, and Japan, and by the production of single basidiospore cultures. Isolates showed physiological variability (both inter and intra-AG variability) in linear growth at different temperatures, linear growth at different matric potentials of cornmeal agar (CMA) ammended with NaCI, and linear growth at different pH of CMA adjusted with HCI or NaOH. Inter and intra-AG variability among the …

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Hf Wide-Band Omnidirectional Antenna System, Han-Tak Kwak Jan 1987

Hf Wide-Band Omnidirectional Antenna System, Han-Tak Kwak

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

In antenna theory and practice, an increased directivity of the antenna improves the total system performance. Narrow beamwidth allows discriminating (on reception) against interfering signals from directions other than that of the desired signals, and on transmission it minimizes interference with receiving stations other than the desired direction. Sharp directivity, however, is undesirable in some applications. For example, in entertainment broadcasting and in certain forms of communication an omnidirectional horizontal pattern is required. Furthermore, three-dimensional omnidirectionality may be desired in unstabilized spacecraft applications. Omnidirectionality in a horizontal plane is fairly simple to obtain. In this paper, two crossed small loops …

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Differentiation Of Pigment Granules And Tyrosinase Analyses In The Hair Follicle Pigment Cells Of Lethal Yellow And Nonagouti Mice, Robert A. Japs Jan 1987

Differentiation Of Pigment Granules And Tyrosinase Analyses In The Hair Follicle Pigment Cells Of Lethal Yellow And Nonagouti Mice, Robert A. Japs

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The lethal yellow gene (Ay) located on chromosome two of the mouse (Mus musculus) represents the top dominant of the agouti series. It was first described by Cuenot in 1905 as being lethal in the homozygous (Ay/Ay) state. These (Ay/Ay) embryos encounter abnormalities at the morula or blastocyst stage and die early during the sixth day of gestation when the trophectoderm comes in contact with the uterine epithelium at implantation. Other abnormalities of the Ay gene besides the yellow coat color include its association with the stimulation of normal body growth, obesity, a diabetes like syndrome and sterility. In addition …

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Effect Of Transistor Selection On Feedback Vco Performance : ʻAnalytical - Numerical Studyʾ, Ravinder Kumar Jan 1987

Effect Of Transistor Selection On Feedback Vco Performance : ʻAnalytical - Numerical Studyʾ, Ravinder Kumar

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The primary objective of this research was to find the effect of two important parameters, fT and Cc, of the transistor on the feedback line length, stub line length, tuning capacitor and external Q of the circuit, in designing a VCO. VCOs in this frequency range are normally designed using either an FET or a BJT, as an active device. In the following chapters, the model based preliminary designing process of a VCO is explained in detail, using a BJT. The first step in the process was to develop a better high frequency model of a BJT, since the existing …

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Electronic Voting System Using An Eia Rs-485 Network, Thomas Alan Liebsch Jan 1987

Electronic Voting System Using An Eia Rs-485 Network, Thomas Alan Liebsch

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The electronic voting system (EVS) plays a vital role in today's legislative process. The system performs many of the tasks that normally could take hours to complete such as the displaying of daily events and totals, and the processing and printing of vote totals and motions. Since this is such a helpful design, it is used widely. Systems vary in size from those which are used in small city governments up to larger federal assemblies. Daktronics Inc. of Brookings, SD currently produces a larger voting system consisting of four basic components. They are the Central Logic Control Unit (CLCU), the …

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Characterization Of Monoclonal Antibodies To The Nebraska Strain Of Bovine Coronavirus, Jeanie Marie Lembke Jan 1987

Characterization Of Monoclonal Antibodies To The Nebraska Strain Of Bovine Coronavirus, Jeanie Marie Lembke

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to develop and characterize a panel of monoclonal ·antibodies specific for epitopes on the Nebraska strain of bovine coronavirus (BCV). The hybridomas were prepared by fusion of spleen cells from BALB/c mice hyperimmunized with BCV and from SP2/0Ml, NS-1, and P3-X63-Ag8.653 myeloma cell lines. Seven hybridoma clones were derived from the fusions. The immunoglobulin isotype IgGl was the most common antibody produced by the hybridomas. BALB/c mice were inoculated with hybridorna cells to produce ascitic fluids. Assays were performed on the ascitic fluids to determine which biological functions of the bovine coronavirus virions were …

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Ozonation Pilot Treatment Of A Surface Water Supply For Odor Control, Fairmont, Minnesota, Lyle Duane Munce Jan 1987

Ozonation Pilot Treatment Of A Surface Water Supply For Odor Control, Fairmont, Minnesota, Lyle Duane Munce

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Odor is an important factor in evaluating the quality of water. The presence of odor in water can impair its use for drinking, cooking and recreation. Waters having odors are not necessarily unhealthful to drink, but often are considered so by consumers. Odors in drinking water supplies originate from natural and/or man-made sources. Man-made odors can be derived from organic and inorganic chemicals used or produced by industry. These odors can come directly from odorous chemicals such as phenols or pyridines. Or, the odors can result from the anaerobic decomposition of chemicals. Sometimes certain chemicals might react with other constituents …

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Custer State Park : An Area Study, Craig L. Morgan Jan 1987

Custer State Park : An Area Study, Craig L. Morgan

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This thesis is a systematic geographic analysis of Custer State Park. Because Custer State Park has definite geopolitical boundaries. this study is limited to that particular political region in the Black Hills. The systematic study of this area is not limited to one criterion such as location, climate or human occupance. Rather, it incorporates the sum total of all the criteria included in a traditional regional study. Custer State Park is located in the southern portion of the Black Hills of western South Dakota. Described by numerous authors as an "is land of green in a vast sea of grass," …

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The Effects Of Gender On Isokinetic Peak Torque And Torque/Time Relationship, Bryan K. Minnich Jan 1987

The Effects Of Gender On Isokinetic Peak Torque And Torque/Time Relationship, Bryan K. Minnich

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The study was conducted in the spring semester of 1986 at South Dakota State University. Twenty-nine college-age males and 21 college age females, who were recruited from the university Fitness and Lifetime Activities Program, read and signed an informed consent form prior to any participation in testing sessions. Testing sessions were approximately 20 minutes in length. Two familiarization sessions were completed by each subject and any questions were answered. A warm-up stationary bicycle at a work load of 75 watts for five minutes. Following the warm-up the subjects were seated on the Orthotron II bench and stabilized by straps. They …

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The Effects Of Nonmetropolitan Net Migration Rate On Selected Demographic And Employment Characteristics In The Agricultural Western Plains Division Of The West North Central Region, 1970-1980, Abidemi Olumide Oyinlade Jan 1987

The Effects Of Nonmetropolitan Net Migration Rate On Selected Demographic And Employment Characteristics In The Agricultural Western Plains Division Of The West North Central Region, 1970-1980, Abidemi Olumide Oyinlade

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This study investigated relationships between nonmetropolitan net migration rates and selected demographic and employment characteristics in the Agricultural Western Plains Division of the West North Central Region, 1970-1980. This division comprises of the states of North Dakota, South Dakota, Nebraska and Kansas. A case study of South Dakota was also conducted to identify the association between nonmetropolitan age-specific net migration rates and changes in selected employment characteristics, 1970-1980. The specific demographic variable was the ratio of males to females in the nonmetropolitan counties, while the employment variables included civilian labor force status, civilian labor force employed, and employment in each …

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