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The Effect Of Photoperiod And Melatonin On Reproductive Performance Of Anestrous Ewes, Anthony Martin Wolf Jan 1987

The Effect Of Photoperiod And Melatonin On Reproductive Performance Of Anestrous Ewes, Anthony Martin Wolf

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Seasonal fertility has been known to exist in the sheep industry for hundreds of years. The inability to control this seasonality has restricted year-round lamb production. Only recently has man attempted to alter this unfertile period of the year, through the use of different stimuli. The ewe produces the hormone "melatonin" in response to a dark photoperiod. In the fall, when the daily dark phase increases, one sees an increase in duration of the ewe's serum melatonin level. It is this increased melatonin during the fall that has been hypothesized to signal the onset of estrus in the ewe. Artificial …

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Studies Of The Prevention Of Silica Urolithiasis, Dong-Hao Lu Jan 1987

Studies Of The Prevention Of Silica Urolithiasis, Dong-Hao Lu

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Urethral obstruction by silica calculi is a major cause of death of cattle and sheep grazing western ranges of the United States. Similar calculi problems have been found in several other countries including Canada, U.S.S.R. and Australia. Range grasses having silica contents of 4 to 7% (dry basis) appear to be the silica source. In addition, silica urinary calculi have been reported to occur in dogs from silicon of unknown origin, humans consuming large quantities of silicate antacids and rats and guinea pigs experimentally fed tetraethylorthosilicate (TES). Emerick and coworkers have found that supplemental dietary phosphate and acid-forming salts provide …

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Determining Green Needlegrass (Stipa Viridula Trin.) Seed Germination And Viability, Alan Lee Rubida Jan 1987

Determining Green Needlegrass (Stipa Viridula Trin.) Seed Germination And Viability, Alan Lee Rubida

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Green needlegrass (Stipa viridula Trin.) is a native, cool season perennial bunchgrass common to the northern Great Plains, Good seedling vigor, rapid recovery after defoliation, high forage yields, nutritive quality, and palatability give green needlegrass potential use in range reclamation. Green needlegrass seed dormancy can cause problems to spring field establishment problems. To alleviate field establishment problems, dormant (fall) plantings have replaced spring plantings. Seed dormancy can be completely overcome in the laboratory by a 12-week viability test (12-week stratification period); however, this is impractical as a normal procedure. Currently, the Association of Official Seed Analysts (AOSA) procedure for determining …

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Effects Of Bull Exposure On Postpartum Interval And Reproductive Performance In Beef Cows, Corinne D. Naasz Jan 1987

Effects Of Bull Exposure On Postpartum Interval And Reproductive Performance In Beef Cows, Corinne D. Naasz

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The postpartum interval is the period of time from parturition until the first postpartum estrus that is accompanied by ovulation. The postpartum interval of the suckled beef cow ranges from 46 to 168 days. A prolonged postpartum interval in the beef cow is of major economic importance in terms of cow productivity. The achievement of a 365 day calving interval requires a calving to conception interval of 80 to 85 days. Since average calving rates to a given service or insemination are only 50 to 60%, the earlier a cow begins to cycle postpartum, the greater the chance of successful …

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Studies On The Sterile-Insect Technique As A Means Of Controlling The Stable Fly, Stomoxys Calcitrans (L.), In A Beef Cattle Feedlot In Brookings, South Dakota, Michael Aguilar Catangui Jan 1987

Studies On The Sterile-Insect Technique As A Means Of Controlling The Stable Fly, Stomoxys Calcitrans (L.), In A Beef Cattle Feedlot In Brookings, South Dakota, Michael Aguilar Catangui

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The stable fly is usually the only biting, blood-sucking fly breeding in appreciable numbers in and around confined animal facilities. An average number of 50 flies per animal can reduce the weight gains of calves on a growing ration by 0.9 kilogram per day. At present, the level of 5 stable flies per front leg of confined beef cattle is used as an indicator of the economic threshold when control measures must be instituted. Since the immature stages of the stable fly develop in decaying organic matter, the most practical control measure has been sanitation or the proper storage and …

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Effects Of Body Condition On Reproductive Performance Of Range Beef Cows, Patrick A. Momont Jan 1987

Effects Of Body Condition On Reproductive Performance Of Range Beef Cows, Patrick A. Momont

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

A 3 yr. 22 factorial study was conducted with 133 mature Simmental X Angus cows calving for 81 d beginning in mid-March to determine minimum cow body condition required for adequate reproductive performance of range beef cows. Two levels of early (early December to mid-February) and late (from calving date to early May) winter nutrition were imposed. Nutritional treatments produced total winter (December-May) weight changes ranging from -188 to -5 kg and wide cow body condition differences at calving and breeding. The breeding season lasted 60-70 d beginning June 5 each yr. Visual condition scores (CS 1-9, l=thin), weight to …

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Habitat Selection And Sexual Suggestion Of Rocky Mountain Bighorn Sheep In Custer State Park, South Dakota, Larry J. Layne Jan 1987

Habitat Selection And Sexual Suggestion Of Rocky Mountain Bighorn Sheep In Custer State Park, South Dakota, Larry J. Layne

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Spatial segregation between Rocky Mountain bighorn sheep (Ovis canadensis canadensis) ram and ewe herds has been documented by Geist (1971), Geist and Petocz (1977), Shank (1979), Morgantini and Hudson (1981), and Hogg (1983), where ram herds consist of mature males approximately 4 years old and older and ewe herds are comprised of all other individuals. Geist (1971), Shank (1979), and Hogg (1983) have shown that segregation occurs year-round except during the breeding season (November and December) when the sexes congregate on a traditional breeding range (cf. Geist 1971, p 209). These studies also have shown that the sexes remain separated …

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Growth And Proteolytic Activity Of Selected Psychrotrophic Bacteria In Whole Milk And Whole Milk Retentate, Ravinder Reddy Jan 1987

Growth And Proteolytic Activity Of Selected Psychrotrophic Bacteria In Whole Milk And Whole Milk Retentate, Ravinder Reddy

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

In the last twenty years a number of membrane separation processes have evolved from laboratory scale, through pilot plant investigation, to full scale production units. One such process, ultrafiltration, has been found particularly useful in the dairy industry. Ultrafiltration uses porous polymeric membranes to separate molecules, principally on the basis of their molecular weight. In milk, fat, protein and associated substances are retained on the membrane. Permeate, which passes through the membrane contains mainly water, lactose and other low molecular weight substances. There is interest in ultrafiltration of milk because of it is potential importance in saving costs to both …

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Bodybuilders' Knowledge And Perceptions Of The Use Of Anabolic Steroids, James P. Combs Jan 1987

Bodybuilders' Knowledge And Perceptions Of The Use Of Anabolic Steroids, James P. Combs

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This study addressed the following questions:
1. What knowledge do bodybuilders have regarding the positive and negative effects of anabolic steroids?
2. What is the perception of bodybuilders regarding the positive and negative effects of anabolic steroids?

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Degree Of Eating Restraint Versus Body Weight : An Examination Of Related Psychosocial Variables / By Elizabeth M. Street, Elizabeth M. Streete Jan 1987

Degree Of Eating Restraint Versus Body Weight : An Examination Of Related Psychosocial Variables / By Elizabeth M. Street, Elizabeth M. Streete

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

No abstract provided.

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Ammonia-Induced Injury In Pure Cultures And Natural Populationsof Coliform Bacteria, Gerardo Naundorf Jan 1987

Ammonia-Induced Injury In Pure Cultures And Natural Populationsof Coliform Bacteria, Gerardo Naundorf

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

No abstract provided.

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Tonic Inhibition Of The Cyclic Adenosine 3',5'-Monophosphate Second Messenger System In Cultured Hamster Sertoli Cells, Charles Wallace Davenport Jan 1987

Tonic Inhibition Of The Cyclic Adenosine 3',5'-Monophosphate Second Messenger System In Cultured Hamster Sertoli Cells, Charles Wallace Davenport

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

No abstract provided.

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Identification And Characterization Of A Beta Adrenergic Receptor On Hamster Sertoli Cells / By Tamara Joy Skinner, Tamara Joy Skinner Jan 1987

Identification And Characterization Of A Beta Adrenergic Receptor On Hamster Sertoli Cells / By Tamara Joy Skinner, Tamara Joy Skinner

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

No abstract provided.

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Chickpeas As A Protein And Energy Supplement For High Producing Dairy Cows, Darryl Lynn Hadsell Jan 1987

Chickpeas As A Protein And Energy Supplement For High Producing Dairy Cows, Darryl Lynn Hadsell

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Thirty lactating Holstein cows were randomly assigned to one of three diets to evaluate chickpeas as a dietary supplement from wk 4 to 16 postpartum. Diets contained chickpeas at 0, 50, and 100 % of the concentrate dry matter in place of corn and soybean meal. Total mixed diets, fed individually, contained concentrate corn silage and alfalfa hay at 52, 32, and 16 % of the dry matter. Milk yield (34.5, 35.1, 35.7 kg/d) was higher for cows fed 100 % chickpeas than 0 % chickpeas. Fat (3.06, 3.09, 3.28 %) was highest for cows fed 100 % chickpeas. Milk …

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The Effects Of Nitrogen And Phosphorus Fertilizer On A Young Loblolly Pine Plantation On Lignite Mine Spoil In East Texas, Martin Andrew Shupe Aug 1986

The Effects Of Nitrogen And Phosphorus Fertilizer On A Young Loblolly Pine Plantation On Lignite Mine Spoil In East Texas, Martin Andrew Shupe

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Five levels of nitrogen fertilizer combined with three levels of phosphorus fertilizer were tested in a two year-old loblolly pine plantation on a lignite mine spoil in East Texas. Growth parameters, foliar and spoil nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations were measured after two growing seasons. Nitrogen increased diameter growth during the first year, and foliar nitrogen increased with increasing fertilizer rates for both years. Phosphorus increased height during the first year and over both years combined and also increased diameter during the second year and over both years combined. Foliar phosphorus was increased by nitrogen in the first year. Spoil phosphorus …

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The Relationship Between Exercise Activities And Self-Esteem In Elderly Populations, Marcia Taylor Jun 1986

The Relationship Between Exercise Activities And Self-Esteem In Elderly Populations, Marcia Taylor

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

It has been recognized that there is a connection between exercise and mental well-being and studies conducted on college students and employees by Hayden and Allen, Pauley, Palmer, Wright, and Pfeiffer, and Short, DiCarlo, Steffee, and Pavolou all support a positive relationship between physical exercise and a feeling of positive self-worth. It has also been found by Conroy, Smith, and Felthous and Collingwood that physical fitness can function as a therapeutic intervention for mentally and physically debilitated clients. However, none of these studies segregated the findings according to group or individual exercise activities. The potential influence of the group setting …

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Special Supplemental Food Program For Women, Infants And Children : Attitudes Of South Dakota Participants, Jane Wilson Howard May 1986

Special Supplemental Food Program For Women, Infants And Children : Attitudes Of South Dakota Participants, Jane Wilson Howard

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to document and analyze the attitudes of participants in the Special Supplemental Food Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) in South Dakota. Demographic and attitudinal data were collected in December 1983 from a twelve percent random sample of the participants in the South Dakota WIC Program. Demographic and attitudinal information was obtained from a written attitude assessment instrument designed by the researcher. Seven hundred thirty-two instruments were sent out; 527 were completed and returned. All data was used in compiling response frequencies and statistical analysis. Analysis of variance and the Waller-Duncan t test …

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Effects Of Prostaglandin F2a [Alpha] Dose On Synchronizing Ovine Estrus Using A Single Injection Regimen, Karl F. Hoppe May 1986

Effects Of Prostaglandin F2a [Alpha] Dose On Synchronizing Ovine Estrus Using A Single Injection Regimen, Karl F. Hoppe

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The cyclic nature of the reproductive process for females has elicited the focus of reproductive specialists. Alterations in this cycle may lead to a more productive female and consequently a more productive livestock operation. These alterations could entail changing the time of the year conception can occur and the specific times during the week estrus may be displayed. For example, the domestic sheep, Ovis aries, has an estrous cycle length of approximately 17 d, whereas the European beef cow Bos Taurus has an estrous cycle of approximately 21 d. Variations within species lead to ranges for parameters which may place …

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The Effects Of A Ten Week Aerobic Exercise Program On The Physiological, Cognitive, And Behavioral Functioning Of Institutionalized Retarded Children, Michael Alfred Dupper May 1986

The Effects Of A Ten Week Aerobic Exercise Program On The Physiological, Cognitive, And Behavioral Functioning Of Institutionalized Retarded Children, Michael Alfred Dupper

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The effects of an aerobic exercise program on the physiological, cognitive, and behavioral functioning of ten institutionalized retarded children were studied. The subjects, aged 12-21 years, were trainable mentally retarded students who were randomly divided into experimental (Group I) treatment and control (Group II) groups. Group I participated in a 30 minute aerobic exercise program, three times per week for ten weeks. Group II spent the same amount of time participating in a physical education-motor skills class. All subjects were evaluated at the beginning and end of the ten week period with the Durnin and Rahaman skinfold estimate of body …

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Nutrient Intake Of Extension Homemakers, Bernadine L. Enevoldsen Apr 1986

Nutrient Intake Of Extension Homemakers, Bernadine L. Enevoldsen

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of the study was to determine the relationship of certain demographic factors to dietary intake of participants in the Brookings County Extension Homemakers' program. Specific questions to be addressed were: 1. With the availability of knowledge, what are the actual food practices or food habits of women involved in nutrition adult education programs on a regular basis? 2. When their diets are analyzed for selected essential nutrients, will their nutrient intake meet the RDA? 3. What, if any, is the relationship between selected demographic factors and the percent of the RDA for nutrients in their diets? 4. Will …

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Dietary Alteration Of The Energy Metabolism In The Sow During Late Gestation, Reid A. Christopherson Apr 1986

Dietary Alteration Of The Energy Metabolism In The Sow During Late Gestation, Reid A. Christopherson

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Mortality among young pigs prior to weaning is extremely high with swine producers frequently realizing a death loss of 25% of the pigs farrowed. The majority of these deaths occur within 3 d postfarrowing and can be attributed to being born weak crushed by the dam starvation and chilling. Generally, these causes are the result of the inability of the baby pig during the first few days of life to adequately meet its metabolic energy requirements for sustaining vital body functions. The neonatal pig until about 3 to 4 d of age has a difficult time adjusting to those environmental …

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Moral Drama : The Rhetorical Style Of Geraldine Ferraro, Patricia R. Boik Apr 1986

Moral Drama : The Rhetorical Style Of Geraldine Ferraro, Patricia R. Boik

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Just as the events of the Seneca Falls Convention changed the lives of women in America, Geraldine Ferraro's vice-presidential nomination has provided new opportunities for a new generation. It is the purpose of this study to examine the rhetoric of Ferraro and determine the motivation for the method of style used in her speeches. In rhetorical terms style refers to word choice and usage. The motivating factors and specific style developed by Ferraro were determined by answering the following questions: 1. What historical, economical, and social factors influenced Ferraro's career choices? 2. How are the recurring themes in Ferraro 's …

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Lactational And Systemic Responses To The Supplementation Of Protected Methionine In Soybean Meal Diets, Daniel J. Illg Jan 1986

Lactational And Systemic Responses To The Supplementation Of Protected Methionine In Soybean Meal Diets, Daniel J. Illg

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The high producing dairy cow requires a complex balance of protein and energy. Microbial protein provides a substantial amount of the amino acids absorbed by the small intestine. High production rates cannot be attained with microbial protein as .the sole source of amino acids. The ten classical essential amino acids are required for milk protein synthesis. Increasing the amount of available amino acids to the mammary gland has improved casein production, indicating substrate availability as a controlling factor to milk protein synthesis. A major portion of the nitrogen component of milk is derived from free plasma amino acids. Uptake by …

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Inhibition Of Psychrotrophic Bacterial Growth In Refrigerated Milk By Addition Of Carbon Dioxide, Robert Francis Roberts Jan 1986

Inhibition Of Psychrotrophic Bacterial Growth In Refrigerated Milk By Addition Of Carbon Dioxide, Robert Francis Roberts

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The advent of on-farm refrigerated storage for raw milk in the late 1940's and its subsequent adoption by North American dairyman 'during the next 20 years essentially eliminated spoilage of milk by lactic acid bacteria. However, refrigeration does not prevent growth of all microorganisms present in raw milk (9, 33, 51, 52, 54, 55). Many microorganisms capable of growth at refrigeration temperatures, termed psychrotrophic bacteria, are present as normal contaminants in raw milk supplies. For purposes of clarity, psychrotrophic microorganisms have been defined as microorganisms capable of growth at 7°C or below regardless of their optimum growth temperature (9). Milk …

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The Effect Of Nutritional Education Programs On Serum Cholesterol Values, Josephine A. Kahler Jan 1986

The Effect Of Nutritional Education Programs On Serum Cholesterol Values, Josephine A. Kahler

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The three objectives of this study were: 1. To test a simplified nutritional education program and it's effectiveness on lowering serum cholesterol values.
2. To compare the effectiveness of two (partial vs. intense) nutritional education programs on the post serum cholesterol values.
3. To determine which demographic data influences a change in serum cholesterol values in response to a simplified nutritional program.

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A Comparison Of High-Performance Short-Duration And Repeated-Seasonal Grazing Systems, Jerry David Volesky Jan 1986

A Comparison Of High-Performance Short-Duration And Repeated-Seasonal Grazing Systems, Jerry David Volesky

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Six replications of l-herd 16-subunit High-Performance Short-Duration (HPSDG) and Repeated-Seasonal (RSG) (May-Sep.) grazing system treatments were compared during 1983 and 1984 at the Cottonwood Range and Livestock Research Station located in western South Dakota. Calves and lambs were allotted to the experimental pastures in sets approximately equal on an animal unit basis. Animal numbers were adjusted with put-and-take sets to attain planned forage levels for each cycle of rotation in HPSDG and comparable end of season forage use levels in both treatments. The HPSDG system was operated with four cycles of rotation that had 1, 2, 2 and 3 occupation …

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Nutritional Factors Modifying Fatty Liver Hemorrhagic Syndrome In Caged Laying Hens, Chandi C. Rakshit Jan 1986

Nutritional Factors Modifying Fatty Liver Hemorrhagic Syndrome In Caged Laying Hens, Chandi C. Rakshit

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Three experiments each with two phases were conducted to study the effect of different levels of distillers dried grain (DDG), fat, oats and a mixture of oats and DDG on Fatty Liver Hemorrhagic Syndrome (FLHS) in caged laying hens. The second phase of each experiment was conducted by force-feeding the same diets used in the first phase at 120% of their normal intakes. This produces FLHS and thereby permits studying the effect of diets. During the force-feeding period of the third experiment, serum estradiol levels of hens from each treatment and each type of feeding were measured to study the …

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Implanting Effects On Performance, Carcass Characteristics And Reproductive Parameters In Intact Beef Males, Shirley J. Gordon Jan 1986

Implanting Effects On Performance, Carcass Characteristics And Reproductive Parameters In Intact Beef Males, Shirley J. Gordon

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The research presented herein was designed to determine the effects of post-weaning implanting on performance, carcass characteristics, hormonal profile and reproductive parameters.

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Genetics Of Flower Abortion And Pod Type In Soybean, Krishna P. Sharma Jan 1986

Genetics Of Flower Abortion And Pod Type In Soybean, Krishna P. Sharma

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Field studies were conducted in 1982, 1983 and 1984 in ten soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) genotypes of maturity group 00 to III, to evaluate the effects of genotype and year on flower abortion (FA), flowers/raceme (FPR), raceme length (RL), pod types (PT), seeds/raceme (SPR), seed weight (SW), and yield/raceme (YPR). Reproductive efficiency index (REI) was calculated for parental genotypes and their segregating populations. The effects of main stem node position and raceme flower position on FA and PT were also studied. Genetic studies were on F2's of 13 crosses plus F3 and F4 generations of …

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Feeding Value Of Acid Hydrolyzed Wood Pulp For Ruminants, Aboubacar S. N'Diaye Jan 1986

Feeding Value Of Acid Hydrolyzed Wood Pulp For Ruminants, Aboubacar S. N'Diaye

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Cellulose is the most abundant and insoluble polysaccharide of the cell wall constituents. It is a polymer of glucose units in which the degree cellulose of polymerization varies within and between sources of. Availability to the rumen microflora ranges from 25 to 90%, making it a potential source of energy for ruminants. Hemicellulose consists of short chains of glucan, polymers of xylose, mannose and galactose plus a mixture of sugars and uronic acid polymers. Lignin is an aromatic compound that is indigestible and is of no nutritive value to mammals. Its main function is to supply strength and rigidity to …

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