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Beautiful Nerds: Growing A Rigorous Design Research Dialogue In The Irish Context, Adam De Eyto, Carmel Maher, Mark Hadfield, Maggie Hutchings
Beautiful Nerds: Growing A Rigorous Design Research Dialogue In The Irish Context, Adam De Eyto, Carmel Maher, Mark Hadfield, Maggie Hutchings
DRS Biennial Conference Series
Ireland is a country with a small and emergent design research community. Relative to other countries, the practice of design itself in Ireland is a recent development with the first formal design courses materialising in the mid-1970s. Without historical legacy and sustained coordinated support from design specific state development agencies, the progress of this nascent Irish design sector has been fragmented and unfocused. Irish Design 2015 (ID2015) a yearlong government backed initiative sought to address this lack of coherence in tandem with increasing the visibility and profile of Irish design. This article reflects on the historical context Irish design research …
Design And The Creation Of Representational Artefacts For Interactive Social Problem Solving, Richard Cooney, Nifeli Stewart, Tania Ivanka, Neal Haslem
Design And The Creation Of Representational Artefacts For Interactive Social Problem Solving, Richard Cooney, Nifeli Stewart, Tania Ivanka, Neal Haslem
DRS Biennial Conference Series
This paper highlights the role of design and designers in the creation of visual artefacts as boundary objects to be used to facilitate social problem solving. Many problems in human service systems can only be solved by purposive action amongst the stakeholders of the system but each stakeholder has only a partial view of the system. Boundary objects that present a multi-stakeholder perspective can facilitate problem solving by creating representations of the system that are meaningful to all stakeholders. In this study we used sensemaking (often a textual practice) and visualisation to create a high complexity representational artefact to enable …
Creating Novel Encounters With Nature: Approaches And Design Explorations, Thomas J. L. Van Rompay, Geke D. S. Ludden
Creating Novel Encounters With Nature: Approaches And Design Explorations, Thomas J. L. Van Rompay, Geke D. S. Ludden
DRS Biennial Conference Series
Interest in the codification and application of design methods is rapidly growing as businesses increasingly utilize “design thinking” approaches. However, in this uptake of design methods that encourage designerly action, the ontological status of design methods is often diffuse, with contradictory messages from practitioners and academics about the purpose and desired use of methods within a designer’s process. In this paper, I explore the paradoxical nature of design methods, arguing for a nuanced view that includes the (often) conflicting qualities of prescription and performance. A prescriptive view of methods is drawn from the specification of methods and their “proper” use …
Elucidating Perceptions Of Australian And Chinese Industrial Design From The Next Generation Of Industrial Designers, Blair Kuys, Wenwen Zhang
Elucidating Perceptions Of Australian And Chinese Industrial Design From The Next Generation Of Industrial Designers, Blair Kuys, Wenwen Zhang
DRS Biennial Conference Series
China is passing through a challenging transition: the labour-force expansion and surging investment that propelled three decades of growth are now weakening. Australia is experiencing similar issues. In Australia the economy over this same period has survived on mainly mining of natural resources mostly exported to China. This cannot be sustained and a push from a resource economy to a knowledge economy needs to start. This study goes into detail about perceived issues associated with industrial design programs at a university level in both China and Australia. It then consists of a pilot survey targeted at Chinese and Australian industrial …
Promoting An Emancipatory Research Paradigm In Design Education And Practice, Lesley-Ann Noel
Promoting An Emancipatory Research Paradigm In Design Education And Practice, Lesley-Ann Noel
DRS Biennial Conference Series
Emancipatory research is a research perspective of producing knowledge that can be of benefit to disadvantaged people. It is an umbrella term that can include many streams of critical theory based research such as feminist, disability, race and gender theory. One of the key assumptions in emancipatory research is that there are multiple realities, and that research is not only created by the ‘dominant or elite researcher’. Given the development of branches of design research such as inclusive design, participatory design and design for social innovation, where the designer interacts with and designs with and for people who may be …
Juxtaposing Chinese And Western Representational Principles: New Design Methods For Information Graphics In The Field Of Intercultural Communication, Ruedi Baur, Ulrike Felsing
Juxtaposing Chinese And Western Representational Principles: New Design Methods For Information Graphics In The Field Of Intercultural Communication, Ruedi Baur, Ulrike Felsing
DRS Biennial Conference Series
This article examines knowledge graphics from the Chinese and Western cultures, which, in the course of globalization, are being increasingly loosened from their original cultural references. If it is assumed that at most pictographs, but not complex graphics, are universally understandable, “visual translations” must be developed for knowledge graphics if we are to transfer them into another cultural reference system. Using the example of a widespread graphic form-the tree diagram-the research presented here will explain specific representational principles and the cultural concepts on which they are based. Here, on the visible surface, formal correlations can indeed be observed. However, if …
Data Visualisation Does Political Things, Joanna Boehnert
Data Visualisation Does Political Things, Joanna Boehnert
DRS Biennial Conference Series
In this paper I advance the theory of critical communication design by exploring the politics of data, information and knowledge visualisation in three bodies of work. Data reflects power relations, special interests and ideologies that determine which data is collected, what data is used and how it is used. In a review of Max Roser’s Our World in Data, I develop the concepts of digital positivism, datawash and darkdata. Looking at the Climaps by Emaps project, I describe how knowledge visualisation can support integrated learning on complex problems and nurture relational perception. Finally, I present my own Mapping Climate Communication …
Code, Decode, Recode: Constructing, Deconstructing And Reconstructing Knowledge Through Making, Anna Piper
Code, Decode, Recode: Constructing, Deconstructing And Reconstructing Knowledge Through Making, Anna Piper
DRS Biennial Conference Series
In craft practice, embodied knowledge is constructed (‘coded’) through the hands-on experience of making and application of technical rules, subsequently deconstructed (‘decoded’) through reflection and analysis, before being rebuilt (‘recoded’) to further develop practice and outcomes. In this paper practice-led PhD research into the development composite woven garments is used to demonstrate the vital role that process and object analysis play in the advancement of creative practice and a successful transition from hand to digital production. Drawing parallels between hand weaving and computer use, it explores how the ‘digital thinking’ inherent in weaving can facilitate a productive relationship with digital …
Word To Image – Image To Word The Contribution Of Visual Communication To Understanding And Dialog, Michael Renner
Word To Image – Image To Word The Contribution Of Visual Communication To Understanding And Dialog, Michael Renner
DRS Biennial Conference Series
Translation, understood as an interpretation of experience, opens a broad field of inquiry into a variety of disciplines. Hans-Georg Gadder’s description of hermeneutics as a language-based methodology to develop understanding, insight, and agreement within a group, serves as the starting point to analyze the practice of visual communication as a form of interpretation, negotiation, and insight. In a first step, the paper discusses the process of drawing and its relationship to interpretation. The classification of drawing as a gestural activity establishes a link to recent anthropological theories, which see gestures as precursors of the human language. Through an analysis of …
Towards Translation Design A New Paradigm For Design Research, Giovanni Baule
Towards Translation Design A New Paradigm For Design Research, Giovanni Baule
DRS Biennial Conference Series
In this paper we explore the concept of translation, starting from the assumption that it constitutes an essential reference for design culture. We assume that a designer (and in particular a communication designer) is a “translator”, since he realises a continuous process of mediation, transfer and re-transcription between the systems of departure and arrival. This perspective leads us to suppose that the application of the “translational paradigm” within the design domain can generate new design sensitivities and new research opportunities into language and into the processes of transferral between different supports and media. We believe that design has specific affinities …
Design As Symbolic Violence. Design For Social Justice, Joanna Boehnert, Bianca Elzenbaumer, Dimeji Onafuwa
Design As Symbolic Violence. Design For Social Justice, Joanna Boehnert, Bianca Elzenbaumer, Dimeji Onafuwa
DRS Biennial Conference Series
Design embeds ideas in communication and artefacts in subtle and psychologically powerful ways. Sociologist Pierre Bourdieu coined the term ‘symbolic violence’ to describe how powerful ideologies, priorities, values and even sensibilities are constructed and reproduced through cultural institutions, processes and practices. Through symbolic violence, individuals learn to consider unjust conditions as natural and even come to value customs and ideas that are oppressive.Design functions as symbolic violence when it is involved with the creation and reproduction of ideas, practices, tools and processes that result in structural and other types of violence (including ecocide). Breaking symbolic violence involves discovering how it …
On Presenting A Rich Picture For Stakeholder Dialogue, Abigail C. Durrant, Wendy Moncur, David S. Kirk, Diego Trujillo Pisanty, Kathryn Orzech
On Presenting A Rich Picture For Stakeholder Dialogue, Abigail C. Durrant, Wendy Moncur, David S. Kirk, Diego Trujillo Pisanty, Kathryn Orzech
DRS Biennial Conference Series
In this paper we describe the design and use of a polyphonic picture book for engaging public sector and industry stakeholders with findings from an academic research project. The project combined interdisciplinary expertise to investigate how UK citizens create and manage online digital identities at three significant life transitions, aiming to deliver social, cultural and technical findings to inform policy- making and service innovation for enhancing digital literacy in online self- representation. The picture book communicated empirical insights through the presentation of multi-perspectival, fictional scenarios about individuals’ experiences at the life transitions studied. We deployed the book with our project …
Designing Diagrams For Social Issues, Michele Mauri, Paolo Ciuccarelli
Designing Diagrams For Social Issues, Michele Mauri, Paolo Ciuccarelli
DRS Biennial Conference Series
Emerging approaches in social sciences and new media studies involve inquiry into social issues via the web. By collecting, analysing and visualising digital traces (i.e. posts, tweets, comments), a “issue map” can be created in order to make visible and understandable the network of the actors involved and their position in any public debate. Drawing on experiences gathered during a European project, we identified a two-phases-approach for the creation of issue maps. In the two phases - exploration and communication - visualisations play a key role, with two different connotations: in the first, they act as analytical devices used by …
Towards More Culturally Inclusive Communication Design Practices: Exploring Creative Participation Between Non-Indigenous And Indigenous People In Australia, Nicola St John
DRS Biennial Conference Series
Currently, Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander narratives and participation within communication design practices in Australia are scarce. The Australian communication design industry, currently reinforcing Eurocentric practices, needs to develop a better understanding of the social and cultural dimensions of design and to provide more inclusive practices for designers from underrepresented or marginalised groups. Through case study analysis, this paper explores and discusses a more inclusive way of working with Indigenous people and content within communication design. It draws from and applies principals of Transformative Participatory Action research to communication design practice – a more inclusive model for Indigenous creative practice …
Collaborative Imaging. The Communicative Practice Of Hand Sketching In Experimental Physics, Judith Marlen Dobler
Collaborative Imaging. The Communicative Practice Of Hand Sketching In Experimental Physics, Judith Marlen Dobler
DRS Biennial Conference Series
This paper presents on-going ethnographic fieldwork in design research conducted in an x-ray laboratory. The study investigates physicists’ hand sketching as a collaborative imaging practice and depicts collaborative drawing as a distinct form of knowledge in between the spaces of notation and verbal articulation. Physicists’ collaborative sketching is captured through methods taken from design research and STS, including participant observation, videography and drawings by the design researcher. In order to analyse the functions of the collaborative sketching, three key aspects of the research are discussed in this paper. First, the spaces and materiality of the laboratory are observed. Second, the …
Could Lego® Serious Play® Be A Useful Technique For Product Co - Design?, Julia Anne Garde, Mascha Cecile Van Der Voort
Could Lego® Serious Play® Be A Useful Technique For Product Co - Design?, Julia Anne Garde, Mascha Cecile Van Der Voort
DRS Biennial Conference Series
This paper studies the usefulness of the LEGO® Serious Play® technique for co-designing products with potential future users with the help of two design cases. The technique has originally been developed for team and strategy building and its strongest aspects are the fully developed step-by step approach as well as the power of LEGO® to level the playing field and enable all participants to contribute to a group session. While levelling the playing field has been verified in the presented design case studies, the step- by step approach needs adaptions for product design and the participant group constellation needs special …
Translating Smells Into Colors: A Proposal For Improve The Perception Of Perfume Packaging Design, Camila Assis Peres Silva, Clice Sanjar Mazzilli
Translating Smells Into Colors: A Proposal For Improve The Perception Of Perfume Packaging Design, Camila Assis Peres Silva, Clice Sanjar Mazzilli
DRS Biennial Conference Series
The present paper is an exploratory research within packaging design for perfumes. It discusses about the possibility of enhancing the experience of the user by associating the visual language with the smells. It is common sense in the design field the importance of user experience. Designers from different areas have been discussing a way of enhance it. One of the approaches which appear in this scenario is the term (multi)sensorial. It is believed in the contribution of this approach for the packaging design. It is interest of the authors the use of color as a language in design able to …
Adaptable Interface Model For Intuitively Learnable Interfaces: An Approach To Address Diversity In Older Users' Capabilities, Gudur Raghavendra Reddy, Thea Blackler, Vesna Popovic, Doug Mahar
Adaptable Interface Model For Intuitively Learnable Interfaces: An Approach To Address Diversity In Older Users' Capabilities, Gudur Raghavendra Reddy, Thea Blackler, Vesna Popovic, Doug Mahar
DRS Biennial Conference Series
This study started with the aim to develop an approach that will help designers create interfaces that are more intuitive for older adults to use. Two objectives were set for this study: 1) to investigate one of the possible strategies for developing intuitive interfaces for older people; and 2) to investigate factors that could interfere with intuitive use. This paper briefly presents the outcome of the two experiments and how it has lead to the development of an adaptable interface design model that will help designers develop interfaces that are intuitive to learn and, over time, intuitive to use for …
Enhancing Collective Creativity With Enactment: A Comparative Study Of Design Research Methods, Emily E. Strouse
Enhancing Collective Creativity With Enactment: A Comparative Study Of Design Research Methods, Emily E. Strouse
DRS Biennial Conference Series
This research explores how dynamically moving one's body as a means of creating meaning and imaging the new can impact one's creative abilities and expression. The behavior and creative output of small groups of people engaged in creative sessions were investigated. They explored the question “What’s next?” using one of four methods: ~ Traditional focus group ~ Image collaging1 ~ Sandquery2 ~ Enactavision3 People’s use of the three participatory methods (image collaging, Sandquery and Enactavision) was compared to the control condition (traditional focus group). Each method followed a similar script and used the same activities and post-session questionnaire. Triangulation of …
Designing Affiliative Objects: Investigating The Affiliations Of Medical Identification Jewellery, Alexandra Haagaard, William Leeming
Designing Affiliative Objects: Investigating The Affiliations Of Medical Identification Jewellery, Alexandra Haagaard, William Leeming
DRS Biennial Conference Series
affiliation of medical identification jewellery with paramedics as the central user group. In doing so, we use Suchman’s notion of the affiliative object to reframe medical identification jewellery as a compound epistemic object with affiliations to paramedics in the province of Ontario, Canada. The paper begins by providing background including the methods used to assess the use of medical identification jewellery. There follows a section on how the findings from fieldwork were used to develop a first iteration of design recommendations. A compliancy table then appends discussion of key findings and design recommendations. Three design concepts were found to be …
Academic Integrity: Differences Between Design Assessments And Essays, Simon, Beth Cook, Mario Minichiello, Chris Lawrence
Academic Integrity: Differences Between Design Assessments And Essays, Simon, Beth Cook, Mario Minichiello, Chris Lawrence
DRS Biennial Conference Series
Perceptions of plagiarism and collusion in essays have occupied much research in academic integrity. This project explores such perceptions in relation to both text-based assessments such as essays and non-text-based assessment such as visual designs. The principal research instrument was an Australia-wide survey of academics and students who use nontext- based assessments. We find substantial differences between perceptions in the text and non-text environments. With design assessments, participants are less likely to think that basing work on that of another student, or using freely available material without referencing it, is plagiarism or collusion; but they are more likely to think …
Envisioning A Better Design Education: How Language Can Invite Or Discourage Collaboration, Angela L. Dow, Susanna Kelly Engbers
Envisioning A Better Design Education: How Language Can Invite Or Discourage Collaboration, Angela L. Dow, Susanna Kelly Engbers
DRS Biennial Conference Series
The possibilities for collaboration among faculty teaching in various disciplines in an art and design college are often limited by the language we use to analyze, create, and discuss our work. Although there may, in fact, be a great deal of overlap, our language sometimes obscures rather than clarifies the possibility of productive and fruitful overlap. Our paper—itself the fruit of a collaboration between a professor of graphic design and a professor of English—discusses the ways in which various constituent groups at our college talk about visuals (e.g., logos, advertisements, interiors, photographs, illustrations, etc), noting the ways in which our …
Graphic Design: Focus On Nine Professional Reflections?, Karel Van Der Waarde
Graphic Design: Focus On Nine Professional Reflections?, Karel Van Der Waarde
DRS Biennial Conference Series
Graphic designers undertake a wide range of activities in their commercial practice. The variety presents a rather confusing image of the profession and it is difficult to get a general view ‘what graphic design actually offers’. A similar difficulty arises in graphic design education where discussions about the contents of curricula need to be based on a reliable description of professional practice. Through observations of practice, and interviews with practicing graphic designers, a set of common activities, reflections and patterns were distilled. These commonalities were verified and validated through further interviews, and were compared with the literature on reflective practice …
Ecological Perception: Seeing Systems, Joanna Boehnert
Ecological Perception: Seeing Systems, Joanna Boehnert
DRS Biennial Conference Series
Graphic designers have the unique ability to make hidden ecological processes visible by revealing relationships, patterns and dynamics in complex socio-ecological systems. This paper describes how communication design can support relational perceptual practices and even nurture ecological perception. It presents specific methods to harness the latent potential of graphic design to communicate the context, comparisons, connections and causality. It proposes that aesthetics experiences can provoke deep perceptual insights supporting new ways of perceiving our relationship with the environment, our ecological context. In ways described in this paper, graphic design has the potential to nurture the ability to ‘see systems’ – …
Design As Rhetoric In The Discourse Of Resonance, Veronika Kelly
Design As Rhetoric In The Discourse Of Resonance, Veronika Kelly
DRS Biennial Conference Series
Design that is effective by way of having an influence and impact on a human subject’s belief, behaviour, or action is a key concern of designers in the field of visual communications. Because of these aspects, one discourse that has grown in scholarly circles over recent decades is that design is a form of rhetoric. Nonetheless, the way that rhetoric has been applied to design practice itself – as a means of analysing the communicative function of designed artefacts and to posit propositions for practice – has remained largely theoretical. The purpose of this paper is to extend an understanding …
Tool Complexes Of Innovation: Spaces For Explorative Innovation In Four Manufacturing Industrial Companies, Jennie Schaeffer, Yvonne Eriksson
Tool Complexes Of Innovation: Spaces For Explorative Innovation In Four Manufacturing Industrial Companies, Jennie Schaeffer, Yvonne Eriksson
DRS Biennial Conference Series
Providing an environment in which both radical innovation and continuous improvement can exist, i.e. an ambidextrous environment, is one of the biggest challenges management faces. While having an ambidextrous organisation is of central importance to the competitive advantage of a firm, there is limited understanding of how to manage it. In this article, we are reporting on our research on the design of workspaces and the relations between design and ambidexterity in innovation. We studied the workspaces as artefacts in innovation cultures. We analysed relations between users and spaces that could enable an explorative innovation culture to emerge, and found …
Communication Design As An Agent In Creating Gender Equality In India, Nicola St John
Communication Design As An Agent In Creating Gender Equality In India, Nicola St John
DRS Biennial Conference Series
Developing from the field of behavior change through design, this study investigated if communication design is an effective tool in changing cultural behaviors and perceptions of gender in India. Previous studies on gender violence campaigns (Gadornski, 2001; Murphy, 2009; Kostick et al., 2011) suggest utilising men and traditional gender stereotypes are effective in creating behavior change. Yet there exists a gap on specific cultural roles and changing ingrained behaviors. This study focuses on the necessary recognition of cultural traditions and behaviours that must precede any design activity within an epistemological setting. Developing communication strategy within sensitive and complex social issues …
Space-And-Place Modelling-And-Making: A Dialogue Between Design And Geography, Robert Harland, Maria Loschiavo Dos Santos
Space-And-Place Modelling-And-Making: A Dialogue Between Design And Geography, Robert Harland, Maria Loschiavo Dos Santos
DRS Biennial Conference Series
Geography and design have much in common. Both draw from or reflect science, social science, humanities, and employ sophisticated technology to achieve their aims. However, aside from a mutual interest in urbanism, there appears to have be little collaboration between the two. And yet some aspire for design to learn from geography. In this paper we explore how the characteristics associated with geography and design may function together in a space-and-place modelling-and-making dialectic.
Enhancing Visual Meaning: Measuring Visual Communication Design Effectiveness, David Craib:, Lorenzo Imbesi
Enhancing Visual Meaning: Measuring Visual Communication Design Effectiveness, David Craib:, Lorenzo Imbesi
DRS Biennial Conference Series
Visual messages are pervasive throughout modern societies, being continually disseminated and consumed through various channels, such as portable communication technologies, computers, television and print. Visual communication designers are tasked to create and produce highly perceivable and meaningful visual messages that populate these visual channels, but lack the science-based tools to ensure their designs are effective before they are disseminated. A set of visual communication design criteria and tools, aimed to increase design research effectiveness, will be derived through research focusing on three communicationrelated disciplines, including perception psychology, data visualization, and semiotics. These criteria and tools will then be applied to …
Qualitative Study Of Smartphone Use: Subjective Experience Of Time Through Personal Ubiquitous Technology, Yong-Ki Lee, Kun-Pyo Lee
Qualitative Study Of Smartphone Use: Subjective Experience Of Time Through Personal Ubiquitous Technology, Yong-Ki Lee, Kun-Pyo Lee
DRS Biennial Conference Series
We explore Smartphone use in Korea to develop a grounded theory on the experience with personal ubiquitous technologies. The preliminary theory that emerged during our data analysis centres on the role of changing time experiences in the use of Smartphones. Within this interpretation, we theorize that the Smartphones are used through tactics of accelerating, broadening and defragmenting time perceptions in order to control the experience of time. These tactics are. Finally, we support this notion of temporal qualities by proposing the three time-related factors for personal ubiquitous technologies of Speed and Acceleration, Incidental Interactions, and Intrinsic Technology Integration.