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The Effect Of Various Levels Of Bicarbonate, Phosphorus, And Ph On The Translocation Of Iron In Plants, Ronald Conrad Doney

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Line-induced chlorosis is a nutritional disease affecting many fruit trees, berries, ornamental shrubs, and flowers in Utah and the western United States. In fact, this disease is of wide distribution on calcareous soils throughout the world. Lime-induced chlorosis has contributed to untold economic loss and has challenged the technical ingenuity of plant and soil scientists throughout the world. As yet the exact cause of chlorosis has not been determined; consequently, no permanent cures have been found.

The first symptoms of this disease are characterized by an interveinal yellowing of younger leaves, with the veins remaining green. In more severe cases …

Absorption Of C14 Labeled Sucrose By Nectaries, Cecil Wright Lefevre

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Since the early Eighteenth Century the significance of nectar secretion has been debated. Some have reasoned that it is reabsorbed into the plant and used as energy for the developing embryo while others believe it is a waste product which attracts pollinating insects.

It has been suggested (Brink and Cooper, 1947) that the nutrient supply to developing ovules is a major factor in the development of seed. Also, alfalfa fields pollinated by pollen-collecting bees produce greater seed yields than those pollinated by nectar collectors (Bohart, Nye, and Levin, 1955). It is a well-known fact that more flowers are tripped by …

The Effect Of Variety, Harvest Time, And Brine Separation On Thiamine, Riboflavin, And Niacin Contents Of Green Lima Beans, Prasertsri Dee-Ananta

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The increasing importance of the lima beans as a substantial cash crop for the growers or farmers and as a quality food for the consumer has initiated many investigations directed towards improving its quality as a vegetable crop. Lima beans are well suited for processing; hence, studies of the quality of different varieties in relation to time of harvest have been made. Host processors are in agreement that the beans attain maximum quality before they are fully mature. After that, the yield and size increase whereas the quality decreases.

The Effect Of Certain Fluoride Sprays In The Production Of Soft Suture On Peaches, N. V. Narayanamoorthy

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Pollution of the atmosphere and its potential deleterious effects on health, industry, agriculture and natural resources are causing grave concern in many parts of the world. In the past century there has developed in the fields embraced by physical and biological sciences a considerable knowledge of theoretical and applied information, serving as a versatile tool in combating such problems. Air pollution problems seem to have gained much attention with the rapid development of various industries in major parts of the world. Rural and urban areas adjoining these industrial locales are confronted with the dangerous overall problems of air pollution. Evidently, …

The Effect Of 2 Soil Fertility Levels On 5 Potato Varieties In Relation To Yield, Specific Gravity And Chipping Quality, Gayland D. Robison

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The potato enterprise is important in Utah as it provides a cash crop and also a means of diversifying and intensifying the operations on many irrigated farms. It is of particular value in the sections of the state that have a short growing season where other crops cannot feasibly be produced. The potato chip industry supplies a demand for large quantities of potatoes. The usage by this industry makes it a major factor in potato farming economy.

The making of chips originated over a hundred years ago as the result of an accident. A silver of potato fell into a …

An Evaluation Of The Salt Tolerance Of Particular Varieties, Strains, And Selections Of Three Grasses And Two Legumes, Farrel John Olsen Jr

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

In arid and semiarid areas in the Western United States, soluble salts tend to accumulate in the soil in amounts harmful to crop production. A considerable portion of this land cannot be reclaimed due to the poor quality of permeability of the soil. Therefore, the wise selection of crops that will produce satisfactory yields on these soils in necessary.

The salt tolerance of many crop plants has been investigated; however, more information is needed on the relative salt tolerance of varieties, strains, and selections. Such information will permit the selection and development of varieties and strains of crop plants which …

Quality Evaluation Of Deep-Fat Fried Peas, Wattana Sathiraswasti

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Dehydration is perhaps the oldest method of preserving fruits and vegetables. However, it is still an important method of preservation. During World War II, efforts were geared to investigate the possibilities of such newer dehydrated foods as powdered eggs, tomatoes, and potato granules. Since then many new products are flooding the market every year. The use of dehydrated products has increased primarily because they usually require less space and have longer shelf life, and at the same time they have much more concentrated nutritive value than fresh, canned, or frozen foods. Hence, they can easily be adopted for military rations. …

The Development Of A Dietary Manual For The Small Hospital, Blanche Z. Madsen

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

An increased amount of emphasis is constantly being placed on the standardization of diets where group feeding is involved. Especially is this true in the hospital where food is an essential part of the medical treatment of the patient. The directing personnel responsible for the diets for any hospital situation where a dietitian is employed, are the doctors who prescribe the diet orders and the dietitian who interprets them.

Morphological, Chemical, Histological, And Sensory Quality Changes In Gamma Irradiated Carrots And Potatoes, Keith Andrew Madsen

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Through the ages, people have been confronted with the problem of storing food after the harvest season for consumption during the winter months. Foods have been preserved by dehydration, canning, and refrigeration. However, people usually prefer fresh vegetables become unfit for human consumption as a result of sprouting and breakdown in storage.

Some chemicals have been used with various degrees of success in preventing sprouting of certain vegetables. The chemicals were applied as a pre-harvest foliar spray or directly on the tubers or on the roots.

In 1954, a law was passed by the United States Congress authorizing the release …

Effect Of Hay Or Rate Of Grain Supplementation On Performance Of Lactating Dairy Cows Fed Clipped Pasture Forage, Clive Wendell Arave

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Pasture is considered one of our most important agricultural crops, contributing more than one third of all feed consumed by livestock in the United States. High quality pasture has been recognized to be highly important in efficient milk production. It has been shown, however, that good pasture must be supplemented by concentrates if milk production is to be maintained at a high level.

A pasture mixture developed at the Utah Agriculture Experiment Station has yielded considerably more total digestible nutrients per acre than other roughages or farm grains commonly grown in Utah. Concentrates tend to be relatively more expensive than …

Relationship Of Bicarbonate Concentration Of Plant Tissue To That Of The Growth Media As A Factor In Chlorosis, Gary H. Carlsen

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Throughout the years lime-induced chlorosis has contributed to untold economic losses. Although this disease has challenged the technical ingenuity of outstanding plant and soil scientists, the exact cause has never been determined; consequently, no preventative measures or permanent cures can, as yet, be recommended. This physiological malady, unchecked, continues its rampage in regions where the disease is prevalent.

The problem is of wide significance because calcareous soils are distributed throughout the world. It is of primary concern to us because the majority of the land of western United States is of this type. An estimated 500,000 acres of crops growing …

The Relative Saponin Content Of Alfalfa Varieties In Utah As Measured By Chick Growth Depression, Morris Dean Wilding

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Bloat among ruminants is not new to farmers or scientists. One learns from a Roman author's description of this ailment written in 60 A. D. that the symptoms have changed little since that time. Literature also records that the treatments used today for the prevention and relief of bloat are similar to those prescribed by the early Romans (Anonymous 1954).

The Alkali Tolerance Of Tall Wheatgrass, David L. Carter

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Alkali land occurs adjacent to nearly every extensively irrigated area. Much of this land is too alkaline to produce profitable crops. Each year thousands of acres or land are going out of production because or increasing alkalinity. This presents one or the most acute problem which confronts irrigation agriculture today.

Breakfast Habits Of Some Utah School Children, Marlene M. Stegelmeier

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

During the last 10 years, much emphasis has been placed on the importance of breakfast for people of all ages. Nutritionists have pointed out that persons who eat a hearty breakfast show fewer signs of mid-morning fatigue, have or develop better work habits, and do not get as hungry as those who eat little or no breakfast.

Many people do not realize the importance of starting the day with a good breakfast. The 12 to 13 hour fast which the body undergoes from the evening meal until breakfast time requires the consumption of an adequate breakfast. Many poor breakfasts may …

Combining Field Fertilizer Trials With Soil Tests In An Effort To Obtain The Most Suitable Soil Nitrogen And Phosphorous Tests For Southern Alberta, Einard Haniuk

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Under dryland farming operations, the use of fertilizers is often restricted due to limited crop response arising from limited seasonal moisture. Once this dryland area is brought under irrigation, there is increased use of fertilizers and increased demands for greater exactness in amounts of fertilizers to apply, due to efforts which are made to increase the returns from the land by introduction of new farming techniques and crops.

Vending And Dispensing Milk And Related Products In The State Of Utah, Douglas S. Huber

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The present era in the United States finds the people leaning more and more toward automation. The use of automatic machines in merchandising products is becoming increasingly important in meeting competition and in developing new outlets for dairy products.

The increase in sales of milk and related products has been furthered by the increased use of vending and dispensing machines.

A knowledge of the methods and special characteristics associated with vending and dispensing is important if the dairy industry is to increase sales and develop a greater market for dairy products.

The Effect Of Sucrose Feeding On Phosphorus Content, Protein Content, And Color Of Turkey Livers And Muscles, Mary Tai

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

All carbohydrates metabolized in the body must first be phosphorylated, As a result of Lundgaard's (1930 ) and Lohmann's (1934) discoveries, the focal interest of muscle biochemistry has passed from the carbohydrate molecules to the phosphorus compounds, For glucose, the first reaction is the formation of a phosphate ester, glucose-6- phosphate, D. M. Needham (1938) found that ATP acts as a phosphorus donor, Glucose-6-phosphate may be transformed into glucose-1-phosphate or into fructose-6-phosphate. In liver, it may be hydrolized back to free glucose and inorganic phosphorus, Bate-Smith (1948) indicated that the free phosphate must be present before any breakdown of glycogen …

Red Raspberry Root Rot In Northern Utah, Robert L. Powelson

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

During the last few years, red raspberry growers in Utah have been finding that plantings gradually lose vigor and are not profitable. In the largest raspberry growing area in Utah, Utah County, figures taken from the U.S. census from 1930 to 1950, show a decrease in acres of raspberries grown from 401 in 1930 to 190 in 1950 (2). In many instances this deterioration of raspberry plantings in Utah has not been definitely associated with known plant pathogenic fungi or virus infections. Neither can the expansion of suburbs account for this decrease. In certain cases it has been obvious that …

Growth And Nutrition Of Plants As Affected By Different Osmotic Concentrations Of Calcium Chloride And Sodium Chloride In The Substrate, Mumtaz Ali Khan

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Considerable experimental evidence supports the concept that the growth of plants generally decreases progressively as the salt concentration of the substrate increases, but certain relationships between plant and substrate are still not fully understood. The chemistry of salt toxicity to plants involves many interactions both as to the quantity and kind of ions presented to the roots and those accumulated in the plants. Many plant species have shown sensitivity to excess accumulation of specific salts frequently encountered in saline soils. Thus Eaton (1942), Wadleigh, Hayward, and Ayers (1951) have shown most of the fruit trees to be susceptible to injury …

The Economics Of Turkey Production In Utah, 1954, Richard W. Kearl

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The production of turkeys by farmers for market in Utah has risen from a meager beginning a few decades ago, to one of the important agricultural industries today. Utah's turkey industry has expanded tenfold from the 226,000 head sold in 1929 to the record high 2,285,000 head sold in 1954. Pounds sold was 13 times greater in 1954 than in 1929 due to the increased weight per bird as well as to the increase in number of head. The record number of 2,285,000 head sold for the amount of $10,635,000. This accounted for about seven per cent of the total …

Ecology Of Plant Distribution On The Salt-Deserts Of Utah, Dillard H. Gates

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The reciprocal effects of vegetation and soils have long been a subject of speculation and conjecture. In the management of any natural land area the problem of interpreting vegetational expression is especially important. The effects of native vegetation on soils and the effects of the soil on the vegetation have been studied and observed for many years. The arid-desert range lands have been studied least and as a result are not well understood.

As human populations increase there will be additional need for agricultural production, and these lands may be put to higher use, perhaps even to irrigated crop production. …

Root Yields, Sucrose, And Glutamic Acid Content Of Sugar Beets As Influenced By Soil Moisture, Nitrogen Fertilization, Variety, And Harvest Date, Donald G. Woolley

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The United States produces about 1.8 million tons of sugar annually. Approximately 75 per cent of this production is derived from sugar beets. The importance of the sugar beet crop in national and world economy is justification for research effort as a means to more economical production.

It is desirable that sugar beet processing be carried out in the most efficient manner. More effective utilization of the sugar beet and its by-products will add stability to the sugar beet industry.

For the past 170 years, since Achard found that sugar could be used for human consumption and that pulp might …

The Thermodynamics And Some Practical Aspects Of Zinc Adsorption On Calcite, Dolomite, And Calcian-Magnesite Minerals, Jerome J. Jurinak

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Zinc is one of the essential elements required for the normal growth of plants. The total amount of zinc commonly occurring in soils is usually many times greater than that necessary to supply the needs of actively growing plants. The ability of the soil to "fix" zinc in form unavailable for plant use, however, has made the zinc deficiency disease an important plant nutrition problem in the major fruit and nut growing regions of the West. Fixation mechanisms which have been postulated as contributing to zinc deficiency include organic complexes, precipitation of insoluble inorganic salts, and strong zinc-clay intersections. It …

The Effect Of Bicarbonate On The Uptake Of Zinc By Plants, Lawrence G. Morrill

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Zinc deficiencies occur in many fruit orchards in Utah even though the soil contains amounts of zinc that would normally be sufficient for good plant growth. The existing zinc problem in Utah is, therefore, one of availability.

Problems of zinc availability generally occur in the pH range of 6-8. Zinc deficiencies occurring within this pH range are more frequently found on well-aerated soils than on poorly aerated ones with other conditions being the same. It has been shown that carbon dioxide will convert both zinc hydroxide and zinc carbonate into more soluble bicarbonates with the concentration of Zn⁺⁺ that …

A Comparison Of Starters, Temperatures Of Warm Room And Salt Concentration In The Manufacture Of Danish Type Swiss Cheese, Darab Assaad

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Danish type swiss cheese has the characteristic "eye" of a regular swiss cheese and is similar in texture. The flavor is milder and has a softer body. Because of its milder flavor and softer body it is of interest for consumption. Because it cures faster than swiss cheese it has the added advantage of cutting down curing cost and thus requires a shorter time to reach the consumers

Effects On Urinary Metabolites Of Rats Fed Various Edible Fats, Cleve R. Winkel

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

For many years, substitutes for butterfat have been the subject of much controversy. Their acceptance as being nutritionally equal to butterfat has often been question. The importance of this problem lies primarily in its economic and nutritional significance.

A recent study of public attitudes toward dairy products conducted by Alfred Politz Research, Inc. for the American Dairy Association, shows that 48.4 per cent of the population believed that butter is a more nutritions food than oleomargarine. Only 6 per cent thought that oleomargarine is more nutritious while 27.2 per cent believed they are about the same. The remainder, 18.4 per …

Parent Participation At Central School Of Brigham City, Utah, Elbert J. Anderson

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

We plead for a better, a more just, a more open and straightforward, a more public society, in which free and all-around communication and participation occurs as a matter of course in order that education may be bettered. We plead for an improved and enlarged education in order that there may be brought into existence a society all of whose operations shall be more genuinely educative, conducive to the development of desire, judgment and character. (1)

Participation is concerned with three groups; students, trained experts, and parents. None of these, in the eyes of Dewey or Kilpatrick and their school …

Determination Of Digestibility Of Lignin By Mule Deer, Robert B. Turner

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The conflicting problems involving the herds of mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus) are of major interest throughout Utah. Individuals who are affected the most are sportsmen, ranchers, fruitgrowers, sanitation engineers, home owners, federal administrators, and big game managers. Mainly, the problems arise as a result of insufficient forage, especially on the winter range. Here, factors such as increased deer numbers, decreased range productivity, severe winters, and expanded agricultural activity make more acute the problem of a naturally critical season.

Restoration of forage by artificial measures may be necessary as a management solution for certain areas. Range rehabilitation, rather than …

An Economic Evaluation Of Feeding Sucrose To Beef And Swine Prior To Slaughter, Douglas C. Strong

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Animal feeding rations have long included carbohydrates as a primary constituent. Grains are included in most animal fattening rations, and the by-products of sugar beets have been used f or many years in livestock feeding (Kutish 1950 b). The use of molasses in commercial feed mixes in 1899 made possible its extended use in animal feeding practices (Hall 1950).

The Influence Of Soil Moisture Conditions On The Absorption Of Phosphorus By Plants From Calcareous Soils, T. J. Denman

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Phosphorus is one of the major plant nutrients secured from the soil. The object of many investigations has been to discover the nature of the processes by which the soil supplies phosphorus to plants, and to determine the influence of soil factors upon these processes. Although much knowledge has been gained, these processes and the effects of soil factors upon them are still not clearly defined.

One factor which profoundly affects plant growth is the amount and relative availability of soil moisture. The results of some investigations have suggested that this factor may also have considerable influence on the absorption …