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Bullying Is Not Just For The Playground: Teacher Experiences With Administrator Mistreatment In The Workplace And Its Impact On Instruction, Tiffany Nicole Russell Thomas Jan 2017

Bullying Is Not Just For The Playground: Teacher Experiences With Administrator Mistreatment In The Workplace And Its Impact On Instruction, Tiffany Nicole Russell Thomas

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The purpose of this study was to describe the experiences of early childhood teachers in Central Alabama who have reportedly been bullied in school settings by their administrators. The study was guided by two central research questions: (1) What is the lived experience of early childhood teachers who have been bullied in the workplace by their school administrators? (2) In what ways do early childhood teachers describe the connections between workplace bullying and its perceived effects on teaching and learning? The theoretical foundation used to conduct this study was Bronfenbrenner’s ecological system’s theory. Five early childhood teachers participated in this …

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Antiseptic, Elizabeth Ann Tompkins Jan 2017

Antiseptic, Elizabeth Ann Tompkins

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“Antiseptic” is a collection of five stories that explore the ways family dynamics shift under hardships. The collection navigates how shifts affect both children and adults. Why do some family members wither, some simply survive, while others flourish under the pressure of a difficult experience? But these stories are not looking for specific answers. Instead, the questions are starting places for developing the internal struggles of the main characters. Where those struggles take the main characters is something that the collection explores. The collection is connected not only by the thread of family, but also by the range of emotions …

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Delivery Of Deoxyribonucleic Acids As Drugs: A Structural Study, Encapsulation, And Controlled Release Of G-Quadruplex Forming Deoxyoligonucleotides Of The Human Telomeric Sequence, Brenna Alyssa Tucker Jan 2017

Delivery Of Deoxyribonucleic Acids As Drugs: A Structural Study, Encapsulation, And Controlled Release Of G-Quadruplex Forming Deoxyoligonucleotides Of The Human Telomeric Sequence, Brenna Alyssa Tucker

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Nucleic acids are known to play numerous important roles in the cell. Recently, interest in the delivery of DNA to treat disease, also known as gene therapy, has increased with new non-viral encapsulation strategies becoming available. Unfortunately, challenges with sufficient delivery of the DNA still plague these systems causing the need for improved DNA delivery vehicles. To overcome DNA delivery barriers, two-component poly(methacrylic acid) (PMAA)/ poly(N-vinylpyrrolidone) (PVPON) microcapsules were developed using Layer-by-Layer (LbL) technology. G-quadruplex forming deoxyoligonucleotides of the human telomeric sequence were used to model the delivery of the thrombin binding aptamer (TBA), a DNA therapeutic that folds into …

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Cd8+ T Lymphocyte Responses To Persistent Murine Cytomegalovirus Infection Of The Central Nervous System, Kristine Valenteros Jan 2017

Cd8+ T Lymphocyte Responses To Persistent Murine Cytomegalovirus Infection Of The Central Nervous System, Kristine Valenteros

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Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is the most frequent cause of congenital brain abnormalities and can lead to lifelong neurological sequalae. Although the brain is a major target in congenital CMV infection, little is known about the long-term effects of infection of the central nervous system (CNS) following acute infection and the resulting neuroimmune responses involved. Due to species-specificity of HCMV, we use a mouse model to study the pathogenesis of HCMV infection of the developing CNS. Newborn mice peripherally infected with murine CMV (MCMV) develop high levels of viremia and subsequent productive infection in the brain parenchyma. CD8+ T lymphocytes are essential …

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Characterization Of Molecular Pathways Involved In The Production Of Class-Switched Antibodies, Arthur James Vanvalkenburg Jan 2017

Characterization Of Molecular Pathways Involved In The Production Of Class-Switched Antibodies, Arthur James Vanvalkenburg

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This dissertation research describes two independent characterizations of molecular pathways involved in the manufacture of class-switched antibodies and differentiation of B cells involving the adaptor protein Hematopoietic SRC Homology 2 Domain-containing protein (HSH2) and the surface molecule CD19. HSH2 is dynamically expressed in different subsets of B cells, showing high expression in B1 and MZ B cells and low expression in GC B cells. Experiments involving HSH2 transgenic mice have determined that HSH2 may act as a rheostat regulating the production of class-switched antibodies. Various factors that stimulate B cell activation and differentiation induce HSH2 expression, although regulation of HSH2 …

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Kinetic Mechanisms Of Atp-Dependent Disaggregating Motors Escherichia Coli Clpb And Saccharomyces Cerevisiae Hsp104, Clarissa Lynn Weaver Jan 2017

Kinetic Mechanisms Of Atp-Dependent Disaggregating Motors Escherichia Coli Clpb And Saccharomyces Cerevisiae Hsp104, Clarissa Lynn Weaver

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E. coli ClpB and S. cerevisiae Hsp104 help cells survive and adapt to environmental stress. Extreme stress denatures proteins, causing toxic aggregates to form. ClpB/Hsp104 resolve aggregates, returning damaged proteins to their proper fold and function or releas-ing them for degradation. This function, broadly defined as protein remodeling, is com-mon to AAA+ proteins. This superfamily also shares common structural elements includ-ing Walker A and Walker B motifs in the nucleotide binding domain(s). ClpB/Hsp104 have two NBDs, similar to ClpA. ClpB/Hsp104 also have a middle (M) domain, unique to the disaggregases. Because disaggregases do not covalently modify their substrates, monitoring the …

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Cognitive Correlates Of Driving Behavior In Older Adults With Hiv, Caitlin Northcutt Pope Jan 2017

Cognitive Correlates Of Driving Behavior In Older Adults With Hiv, Caitlin Northcutt Pope

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Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) currently affects over 1 million individuals in the United States. It is estimated that by the year 2020, up to 70% of individuals with HIV in the United States will be ages 50 and older, as these individuals live longer due to more advanced medicine and later diagnosis. Aging research suggests individuals with HIV may be at risk for accelerated or accentuated aging making age-related deficits, particularly with cognition and everyday functioning, of public concern. The current study investigated the complex associations between age, HIV disease state, cognition, health, and driving in 139 older adults (Mage …

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The G Protein-Coupled Estrogen Receptor (Gper) Mediates Estrogen-Induced Regulation Of Heart Rate By Modulating Thyroid Hormone Levels In Zebrafish Embryos, Shannon Nicole Romano Jan 2017

The G Protein-Coupled Estrogen Receptor (Gper) Mediates Estrogen-Induced Regulation Of Heart Rate By Modulating Thyroid Hormone Levels In Zebrafish Embryos, Shannon Nicole Romano

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Estrogens regulate cell signaling and gene expression by binding to nuclear estrogen receptors (ERs) alpha and beta (ERα, ERβ), ligand-dependent transcription factors. Estrogens also activate the G protein-coupled estrogen receptor (GPER), however the function of GPER in vivo is less well understood. In the cardiovascular system, estrogens regulate vessel pressure and exert cardioprotective effects on the vasculature. However, whether estrogens act directly to modulate heart function, and the mechanism by which this occurs is not well understood. Therefore, the overall goals of this dissertation were to (1) determine if estrogen receptor ligands modulate heart rate and to (2) determine the …

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Mathematical Modeling Of Brain Tumors Advances Patient Care, Oncogenesis, And The Use Of In Silico Clinical Trials, Elizabeth Yates Scribner Jan 2017

Mathematical Modeling Of Brain Tumors Advances Patient Care, Oncogenesis, And The Use Of In Silico Clinical Trials, Elizabeth Yates Scribner

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Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a uniformly fatal form of brain cancer that can exhibit unpredictable responses to dierent rate-reducing therapies. Here, we construct a mathematical model of brain tumor growth and utilize in silico clinical trials to investigate the unusual behavior of GBM. We also use the model to study the progression of grade 2 and grade 3 tumors to higher grades like GBM. Simulations in Chapter 1 lead to the identication of a previously unknown pattern of progression under anti-angiogenic (AA) therapy, which we call \Expanding FLAIR + Necrosis." Model analysis predicts that clinical features of this growth would …

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Ca2+-Independent Phospholipase A2 Beta-Derived Lipid Signals And Osteogenesis, William Hancock Jan 2017

Ca2+-Independent Phospholipase A2 Beta-Derived Lipid Signals And Osteogenesis, William Hancock

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Bone modeling can be modulated by lipid signals and arachidonic acid (AA); its cyclo-oxygenase 2 (COX2) metabolite, prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), is an important mediator of optimal bone formation. Hydrolysis of AA from membrane glycerophospholipids is catalyzed by phospholipases A2 (PLA2s). We reported that mice deficient in the Ca2+-independent PLA2beta (iPLA2β), encoded by PLA2G6, have decreased bone formation, relative to wild type (WT) mouse bones. Here, we examined at the mechanistic and molecular levels the role of iPLA2β in bone formation using bone marrow stromal cells and calvarial osteoblasts from WT and iPLA2β-deficient mice and MC3T3-E1 osteoblast precursor cell line. Our …

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Neural Correlates Of Social Perception In Children With Autism: Local Versus Global Preferences, Abbey Jane Herringshaw Jan 2017

Neural Correlates Of Social Perception In Children With Autism: Local Versus Global Preferences, Abbey Jane Herringshaw

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The Weak Central Coherence (WCC) account of Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD; Frith, 1989) posits that people with ASD utilize a detail-oriented information processing bias. Consequently, in social cognition tasks where coherence is required, people with autism falter, whereas in visual search tasks this is advantageous. Atypical brain response patterns may underlie this cognitive profile. The present study examined the neural correlates of WCC in ASD during visual and social processing. ASD (N=15) and Typically Developing (TD) (N=16) children/adolescents completed an information processing task in a Siemens 3.0 Tesla fMRI scanner. The task consisted of human characters, composed of geometrical shapes, …

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The Use Of Web Computing To Solve Modern Data Problems In Science And Medicine, Alex M. Dussaq Jan 2017

The Use Of Web Computing To Solve Modern Data Problems In Science And Medicine, Alex M. Dussaq

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Modern day research in science and medicine has become dominated by the ideas of 'Big Data'. Life science data have become progressively more complex and the rate at which it is generated continues to accelerate. This combination of complexity and genera- tion speed creates a multitude of informatics problems to solve. We believe that among the many issues facing modern data scientists, there exists a substantial subset that can only be satisfactorily solved utilizing web computing. Of these web specific issues, we have chosen to focus primarily on data storage and retrieval, data privacy, and data visualization. We present here …

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Phenotypic Characteristics And Dietary Treatment Of Pediatric Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease, Shima Dowla Jan 2017

Phenotypic Characteristics And Dietary Treatment Of Pediatric Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease, Shima Dowla

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Background: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common liver disorder among children in the developed world and can progress to cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma, and liver failure. Objectives: The primary objectives of this dissertation were to (1) review advances in the field of pediatric NAFLD, (2) describe the demographic, anthropometric and metabolic characteristics of children with NAFLD and evaluate whether differences existed based on ethnicity and diagnostic method, and (3) compare the effect of a carbohydrate restricted diet vs fat reduced diet on improvement in hepatic steatosis over an 8-week period among overweight and obese children diagnosed with NAFLD. …

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A Tissue Engineering Approach To The Development Of A 3d Breast Carcinoma Surrogate, Kayla Goliwas Jan 2017

A Tissue Engineering Approach To The Development Of A 3d Breast Carcinoma Surrogate, Kayla Goliwas

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Tumors are three dimensional tissues consisting of malignant cells and various stromal cell populations within a volume of extracellular matrix. These components form an intricate network that influences many facets of tumor biology. Paracrine interactions between tumor cells and the surrounding microenvironment can alter drug response and impact therapeutic efficacy in vivo, yet most current in vitro models do not accurately recapitulate the stromal microenvironment or associated dimensionality of human tumors. In vitro models that are more representative of the human tumor microenvironment, including a more recapitulative dimensionality and cellular composition, have broad utility in the evaluation of mechanisms driving …

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Effect Of Parents’ Adhd Status, Parents’ Sleep Hygiene, And Child Sleep Hygiene On Sleep Of School-Aged Children With Adhd, Laura Gray Jan 2017

Effect Of Parents’ Adhd Status, Parents’ Sleep Hygiene, And Child Sleep Hygiene On Sleep Of School-Aged Children With Adhd, Laura Gray

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EFFECT OF PARENTS’ ADHD STATUS, PARENTS’ SLEEP HYGIENE, AND CHILD SLEEP HYGIENE ON SLEEP OF SCHOOL-AGED CHILDREN WITH ADHD LAURA GRAY NURSING ABSTRACT The purpose of this study was to determine effect sizes for the relationships between parents’ attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms, parents’ sleep hygiene, and child sleep hygiene, and to determine effect sizes for the amount of variance in ADHD child sleep explained by parent ADHD symptoms, parent sleep hygiene, and child sleep hygiene. Children who have ADHD are more likely to have sleep problems than peers without ADHD. Sleep problems can exacerbate or even mimic ADHD symptoms. Consistent …

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Purification, Characterization, And Enzymatic Activity Of Human Cytosolic Sulfotransferase 1c4, Amber Lynn Guidry Jan 2017

Purification, Characterization, And Enzymatic Activity Of Human Cytosolic Sulfotransferase 1c4, Amber Lynn Guidry

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Human cytosolic sulfotransferase 1C4 (hSULT1C4) is a dimeric Phase II drug-metabolizing enzyme primarily expressed in the developing fetus. SULTs facilitate the transfer of a hydrophilic sulfonate moiety from 3’-phosphoadenosine-5’-phosphosulfate (PAPS) onto an acceptor substrate altering the substrate’s biological activity and increasing the compound’s water solubility. While several of the hSULTs’ endogenous and xenobiotic substrates have been identified, the physiological function of hSULT1C4 remains unknown. The fetal expression of hSULT1C4 leads to the hypothesis that the function of this enzyme may be to regulate metabolic and hormonal signaling molecules, such as estrogenic compounds, that may be generated or consumed by the …

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Development And Assessment Of Nonsense Suppression Therapies To Ameliorate Disease Progression In A Nonsense Mouse Model Of Mps I Hurler Syndrome, Gwendolyn G. Gunn Jan 2017

Development And Assessment Of Nonsense Suppression Therapies To Ameliorate Disease Progression In A Nonsense Mouse Model Of Mps I Hurler Syndrome, Gwendolyn G. Gunn

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Nonsense mutations introduce a premature termination codon (PTC) into the open reading frame of an mRNA resulting in premature translation termination, loss of functional protein, and rapid degradation of the mutant mRNA. Approximately 11% of human genetic disorders are attributable to a nonsense mutation. Several small molecules have been identified as potential nonsense suppression compounds. These compounds increase the frequency of PTC recognition by near-cognate aminoacyl tRNAs resulting in PTC “readthrough” and restored protein production. Mucopolysaccharidosis type I-Hurler (MPS IH) is the severe form of the autosomal recessive lysosomal storage disorder caused by mutations in the iduronidase (IDUA) gene. 60-80% …

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Phenomic And Metabolomic Analysis Of Chronological Aging In Saccharomyces Cerevisiae, Haley Albright Jan 2017

Phenomic And Metabolomic Analysis Of Chronological Aging In Saccharomyces Cerevisiae, Haley Albright

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Systematic investigation of chronological lifespan (CLS) in the Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast gene knockout and knockdown (YKO/KD) strains reveals genes, path-ways, and interactions of potential relevance for aging of all eukaryotic cell types. Growth curves obtained by quantitative high-throughput cell array phenotyping (Q-HTCP) of the entire YKO/KD strain collection provide comprehensive snapshots of the influence of each individual gene on CLS. Yeast CLS is also influenced by media com-position, auxotrophic background, and media buffering. We used Q-HTCP to analyze CLS of the YKO/KD libraries, focusing on the interaction between gene networks and media buffering, with respect to their influence on CLS. …

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Advances In The Creation And Use Of Genetically Modified Rodent Models, Laura Lambert Jan 2017

Advances In The Creation And Use Of Genetically Modified Rodent Models, Laura Lambert

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Rodents have been the model of choice for decades in biomedical research due to their relatively high physiological similarity to humans and amenability to genomic modification. While transgenic constructs were first used in mouse blastocysts in 1974 and the first mouse embryonic stem (ES) cell line created in 1981, the lack of reliable methods to produce ES cells or culture embryos from the rat led to the limitation of its use in spite of several advantages such as larger size and higher genetic homology with humans. Use of genetic modification has recently expanded due to the advent of tailored nucleases …

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Activation Of Ampk To Diminish Sepsis-Induced Lung Injury, Nathaniel Bone Jan 2017

Activation Of Ampk To Diminish Sepsis-Induced Lung Injury, Nathaniel Bone

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Sepsis is the most frequent cause of death of hospitalized patients in modern ICUs. Severe infection, trauma, hemorrhage, burns, and surgery are significant causes of multi-organ injury and immune dysfunction that in turn primes for a high risk of secondary lung infections. In addition to detrimental inflammation, sepsis is linked to loss of metabolic plasticity due to mitochondrial dysfunction in immune cells and lung tissue. In particular, mitochondrial failure in lungs of critically ill septic patients is correlated with high mortality rates. We proposed that AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activation, a major bioenergetic sensor and metabolic regulator, is a plausible …

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Microenvironmental Regulation And Epigenetic Control Of Glioma Pathogenesis, Nathaniel H. Boyd Jan 2017

Microenvironmental Regulation And Epigenetic Control Of Glioma Pathogenesis, Nathaniel H. Boyd

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Tumor microenvironments can promote stem cell maintenance, tumor growth, and therapeutic resistance, findings linked by the tumor initiating cell hypothesis. The ischemic microenvironment characterized by low oxygen and glucose, and acidic stress occurs in both solid tumors and non-neoplastic tissue injury. Standard of care for glioblastoma (GBM) includes the chemotherapy temozolomide, which is not curative due, in part, to residual therapy-resistant brain tumor initiating cells (BTICs). Temozolomide efficacy may be increased by targeting carbonic anhydrase 9 (CAIX), a hypoxia and acidic stress responsive gene important for maintaining the altered pH gradient of tumor cells. Using patient-derived GBM xenograft cells, we …

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The Impact Of Mitochondrial Genetic Background On Development Of Complex Multifactorial Diseases, Alexander Wendell Bray Jan 2017

The Impact Of Mitochondrial Genetic Background On Development Of Complex Multifactorial Diseases, Alexander Wendell Bray

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Complex multifactorial diseases such as cardiovascular disease (CVD) and cancer are a pervasive and inescapable component of modern society. However, the genetic elements that modulate individual susceptibility to these diseases remain poorly defined. Excessive mitochondrial oxidant production has been implicated in the initiation and progression of both CVD and cancer. Moreover, polymorphisms inherited on the mitochondria genome appear to influence mammalian mitochondrial function and oxidant generation. In the present study, mitochondrial-nuclear-eXchange (MNX) mice were used to directly assess the contribution of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) polymorphisms to atherosclerosis in the apoE deficient (apoE-/-) mouse model of hypercholesterolemia induced atherogenesis. ApoE-/- mice …

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Cancer-Related Symptoms And Cognitive Intervention Adherence Among Breast Cancer Survivors: A Mixed Methods Study, Jennifer Bail Jan 2017

Cancer-Related Symptoms And Cognitive Intervention Adherence Among Breast Cancer Survivors: A Mixed Methods Study, Jennifer Bail

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Advancements in screening, early detection, and treatment have increased breast cancer survival. In the United States, the 5-year relative survival rate for breast cancer is 89%. With more women surviving breast cancer, there are now more than 3.5 million breast cancer survivors (BCS), a figure estimated to increase to 4.3 million by 2020. Survivors experience long-term symptoms of their cancer and treatment which may last years and even decades after diagnosis and treatment. This symptom experience may potentially have exacerbating effects on BCS’ cognitive function as well as their ability to adhere to interventions aimed at improving cognitive function. The …

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The Effects Of Pain Catastrophizing And Hiv-Related Stigma On Pain Sensitivity In Persons Living With Hiv (Plwh), Michael Alexander Owens Jan 2017

The Effects Of Pain Catastrophizing And Hiv-Related Stigma On Pain Sensitivity In Persons Living With Hiv (Plwh), Michael Alexander Owens

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Due to medical advancements in antiretroviral therapy (ART), HIV has transitioned from a terminal illness to a chronic condition requiring long-term management. Despite substantial improvements in life expectancy in the modern treatment era, PLWH still face significant medical comorbidities and threats to their health-related quality of life. HIV appears to sensitize the peripheral nervous system and facilitate sensitivity to a painful stimulus. A growing body of evidence derived from animal models has shown a specific biological basis linking HIV to pain sensitivity. HIV is likely not the only factor contributing to greater pain sensitivity; there are also important psychosocial factors …

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Lipid Biomarkers And Pathway Identification For Contact Lens Related Discomfort, Shyam Panthi Jan 2017

Lipid Biomarkers And Pathway Identification For Contact Lens Related Discomfort, Shyam Panthi

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The purpose of this investigation was to identify possible lipid biomarkers that are associated with contact lens related discomfort and determine whether inflammation as a result of lipid peroxidation or enzymatic arachidonic acid metabolism is associated with such discomfort. Ten microliters of tears were collected from each eye of fifteen subjects (11 non-contact lens wearers, 2 contact lens wearers with discomfort and 2 contact lens wearers without discomfort) and assayed using various chemical extraction methods and mass spectrometry based analytical approaches. This was done to determine whether lipid mediators of inflammation could be identified in low volume (10 l) of …

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Low-Cost Inkjet-Printed Flexible Circuit For Gas Sensing, Sm Mehedee Parvez Jan 2017

Low-Cost Inkjet-Printed Flexible Circuit For Gas Sensing, Sm Mehedee Parvez

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ABSTRACT Logistics management is a major section of a stable business plan. It is responsible for planning, implementing, and controlling the production and distribution processes of the goods. Its function is even more crucial when goods, which are being handled, are perishable products like food and medicine. It is known in the food industry that a large amount of food is wasted during the transportation chain. More often than not, the main reason for foods going spoiled stems from the presence of unwanted gases around the area of storing. Accurate monitoring and controlling of the environmental conditions imposed on perishable …

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Design Of An Engineering Stem Training Toolkit, Vamsi Penmetsa Jan 2017

Design Of An Engineering Stem Training Toolkit, Vamsi Penmetsa

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Recent reports proclaim that more students should engage in enrolling in STEM programs at an early stage of schooling. Due to insufficient number of students pursuing in STEM programs, lot of them missing out too early in their educational career. Nine out of every ten adults had at least a high school or general education diploma, but when it comes to a higher degree only one out of every three adults held a higher degree. To overcome this problem, we need to attract more students by implementing scientific STEM projects where they can actively work on and give them a …

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The Dietary Context Of Nut Intake Among Overweight And Obese African-American Women Living In The Rural South: An Exploratory Study, Samara Sterling Jan 2017

The Dietary Context Of Nut Intake Among Overweight And Obese African-American Women Living In The Rural South: An Exploratory Study, Samara Sterling

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Obesity has become a national epidemic over the last few decades, and lays its heaviest burden on certain populations (eg, rural residents, African-Americans, and African-American women in the Southeast). Obesity increases medical costs substantially, and is a significant risk factor for various chronic conditions, including certain cancers. There is a need to identify specific dietary behaviors that may contribute to obesity and obesity-related cancers among African-American women in the rural South, and to recommend dietary modifications that may alleviate those risks. Previous research has shown that nuts offer numerous health benefits, including weight loss and cancer protection. More research is …

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Statistical Methods In Cancer Survival Prediction And Microbiome Data Analysis, Xinyan Zhang Jan 2017

Statistical Methods In Cancer Survival Prediction And Microbiome Data Analysis, Xinyan Zhang

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This dissertation focused on developing statistical methods in two areas, cancer survival prediction and microbiome data analysis. Heterogeneity in terms of tumor characteristics, prognosis, and survival has been a persistent problem in cancer prediction and prognosis for many decades. One of the main shortcomings of past studies is the failure to incorporate prior biological information into the predictive model, given strong evidence of pathway-based genetic nature of cancer. In paper 1, to address this problem, we propose a two-stage approach to incorporate pathway information into the prognostic modeling using large-scale gene expression data. In the first stage, we fit all …

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Improving Performance Portability And Productivity Of Parallel Scientific Applications For Exascale, Hadia M R M Ahmed Jan 2017

Improving Performance Portability And Productivity Of Parallel Scientific Applications For Exascale, Hadia M R M Ahmed

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The continuous emergence of new hardware architectures and software libraries create new opportunities and challenges for existing applications. While they promise better performance for applications, most of the times these applications' source code have to be modified to achieve the promised improvements. These modifications are labor intensive, error prone, and costly. Hence, users of applications either abandon the use of newer hardware and/or software and lose potential improvements, or abandon their application to build new one and lose time and effort spent on building them. Many tools are built to aid users in adapting their current application, in particular HPC …

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