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Nanomedicine: Electrohydrodynamic Atomization (Ehda) To Engineer Next-Generation Biomimetic Microphysiological Systems (Mps) And Precision Drug Delivery Systems (Dds), Karim Ismail Budhwani Jan 2018

Nanomedicine: Electrohydrodynamic Atomization (Ehda) To Engineer Next-Generation Biomimetic Microphysiological Systems (Mps) And Precision Drug Delivery Systems (Dds), Karim Ismail Budhwani

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Cancer is poised to become the leading cause of death worldwide with lifetime probability of 1-in-2 men and 1-in-3 women developing cancer. Despite this, research and development of new treatment options remains expensive and slow, in part, due to inadequate disease models, therapy evaluation assays, and absence of delivery control in leading treatment options. These factors also impede patient-specific personalized medicine. Electrohydrodynamic atomization (EHDA) fabrication technologies, such as electrospinning (ESp) and electrospraying (ESy), offer promising nanomedicine pathways toward addressing these challenges. ESp has garnered much interest in tissue engineering but is dwarfed by softlithography in microphysiological systems (MPS), including lab-chip …

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Religiosity And Spirituality As Predictors Of Substance Use In Patients With Cystic Fibrosis, Benjamin Edwin Burgess Jan 2018

Religiosity And Spirituality As Predictors Of Substance Use In Patients With Cystic Fibrosis, Benjamin Edwin Burgess

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Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a degenerative chronic illness that results in pulmonary and gastrointestinal impairment. Because health-related behaviors, such as substance use, impact health outcomes in this population, it is important to understand factors that predict substance use in patients with CF. Thus, this study aimed to examine the unique roles of spirituality and religiosity in alcohol, tobacco, and marijuana use. Higher religiosity was expected to predict lower substance use directly, reflecting a direct regulation of health behavior. Higher spirituality was expected to predict less substance use through lower depression, reflecting an indirect regulation of health behavior through emotion regulation. …

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Adiposity And Health In Zoo African And Asian Elephants, Daniella Chusyd Jan 2018

Adiposity And Health In Zoo African And Asian Elephants, Daniella Chusyd

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African (Loxodonta africana) and Asian (Elephas maximus) elephant populations are rapidly declining due to poaching, and habitat fragmentation and loss. Due to the precarious situation elephants are facing worldwide, captive elephant populations are being viewed as an insurance policy against extinction. Unfortunately, captive elephant populations are not self-sustaining, in part because of reproductive and health issues. One hypothesis for the observed reproductive and health issues is zoo elephants are obese. The current method of assessing obesity in elephants is based on a qualitative visual tool, the body condition score, which does not quantify fat mass. The purpose of this dissertation …

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Sleep Disturbances In Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder, Christian Clesi Jan 2018

Sleep Disturbances In Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder, Christian Clesi

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Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disability characterized by impairments in social communication and restricted and repetitive patterns of behavior, interests, or activities (American Psychiatric Association, 2013). Children with autism may also have associated symptoms; one of the most prevalent being sleep disorders, with estimated prevalence rates ranging from 40 to 80% (Goldman, McGrew, Johnson, Richdale, Clemons, & Malow, 2011). Measuring sleep disturbances in this population can be particularly challenging due to the symptoms of the disorder, including impairments in communication. Therefore, research in this field regularly relies on parent-report data to measure sleep disturbances in children with ASD. …

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A Randomized Trial To Evaluate The Effect Of Allograft Bone Particle Size On Histomorphometric And Clinical Outcomes Following Ridge Augmentation Procedures, Hussein Basma Jan 2018

A Randomized Trial To Evaluate The Effect Of Allograft Bone Particle Size On Histomorphometric And Clinical Outcomes Following Ridge Augmentation Procedures, Hussein Basma

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Ridge deficiency is an unfortunate obstacle that obviates the placement of dental implants or results in placing them at an angle that compromises the prosthetic restoration. An ideal volume is essential for implant placement in an optimal three-dimensional position. Several methods for augmenting the alveolar ridge in preparation for implant placement have been described. Autogenous bone grafts, considered to be the “gold standard”, are associated with significant morbidity and require a second surgical site. Guided bone regeneration (GBR), is an alternative technique that use bone-substitute materials as adjuncts to or replacements for autografts in bone augmentation procedures to overcome the …

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Evaluating The Biology And Ecology Of Sea Turtles In The Context Of Anthropogenic Climate Change, Elizabeth Michelle Bevan Jan 2018

Evaluating The Biology And Ecology Of Sea Turtles In The Context Of Anthropogenic Climate Change, Elizabeth Michelle Bevan

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This dissertation addresses several key gaps in our knowledge of how long-term threats, like climate change, impact the survival and reproduction of thermally-sensitive endangered sea turtles. Many aspects of the sea turtle life history, such as sex determination in hatchlings, are directly affected by environmental temperatures, making sea turtles crucial sentinels for monitoring the impacts of ecosystem variability. Chapter 1 re-evaluates the historic size of the Kemp’s ridley sea turtle population in the context of current nesting trends at its primary nesting habitat in the western Gulf of Mexico to address recovery targets and the conservation status for this species. …

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Functional Analysis Of Cdc45 In The Replication Fork And In Response To Replicative Stress, Amanda Debrot Jan 2018

Functional Analysis Of Cdc45 In The Replication Fork And In Response To Replicative Stress, Amanda Debrot

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DNA replication is a highly conserved and tightly regulated process, with a variety of factors acting to ensure faithful duplication and stability of chromosomal DNA. During replication, positive supercoils form ahead of the advancing replication fork. DNA topoisomerase 1 (Top1) acts to prevent DNA damage by relieving the torsional strain created by these supercoils. The camptothecin (CPT) class of chemotherapeutics target Top1, creating a long-lived DNA-Top1-CPT covalent complex, which leads to S-phase specific DNA lesions and cellular death. Our lab previously performed a genetic screen to isolate mutant proteins that enhance cell sensitivity to Top1-mediated DNA damage. One of the …

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The Influence Of Perceived Stress And Sleep Disturbance On Fatigue And Blood Pressure As Mediated By Cortisol In Children With Sickle Cell Disease, Heather Carol Soistmann Jan 2018

The Influence Of Perceived Stress And Sleep Disturbance On Fatigue And Blood Pressure As Mediated By Cortisol In Children With Sickle Cell Disease, Heather Carol Soistmann

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ABSTRACT Introduction: Life expectancy is improving for those with sickle cell disease (SCD); however, with this improvement come increasing risks for long-term health complications. Early identification of health concerns could lead to improved long-term health outcomes. Two health concerns in school-age children with SCD are fatigue and blood pressure (BP). Previous research with other populations indicates perceived stress and sleep disturbance may influence outcomes of fatigue and BP. Further, cortisol, a stress hormone, may mediate the proposed relationships. Therefore, the purpose of the study was to determine effect sizes of relationships between fatigue, BP, perceived stress, and sleep disturbance in …

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The Primary Cilium Regulates Interstitial Immune Cells During Renal Cystogenesis, Cheng Song Jan 2018

The Primary Cilium Regulates Interstitial Immune Cells During Renal Cystogenesis, Cheng Song

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Renal cysts are a pathological condition that can lead to end-stage renal failure and death. The mechanisms that underlie renal cyst development are under active investigation, and emerging evidence has revealed defects in a number of proteins required for cilia assembly or signaling, such as intraflagellar transport (IFT) proteins and the polycystins. Characterization of mice harboring conditional IFT mutations suggests that the rate of cyst formation is dependent upon the timing of cilia loss. Induction of cilia loss in juvenile mice results in rapid cyst development, while induction of cilia loss in adult mice leads to a slower progressing form …

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Understanding Associations Among Race, Socioeconomic Status, And The Experience Of Painful Knee Osteoarthritis: Clinical And Experimental Evidence, Kathryn Ann Thompson Jan 2018

Understanding Associations Among Race, Socioeconomic Status, And The Experience Of Painful Knee Osteoarthritis: Clinical And Experimental Evidence, Kathryn Ann Thompson

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Knee OA is an active disease process involving cartilage destruction, subchondral bone thickening, and new bone formation affecting 22% of American adults (46.4 million) over age 18 years. Past literature suggests, a disproportionate number of racial/ethnic minorities, particularly non-Hispanic Blacks, are affected by knee OA. Furthermore, over one in four (28%) Blacks have an income below the national poverty level compared with 11% of Whites. Therefore, the overall aim of this study is to examine racial and SES differences in the experience of pain and physical functioning in adults with knee OA. 191 participants (62% female, 52% Black) were recruited …

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Analysis Of The Gtp Cyclohydrolase I/Tetrahydrobiopterin Pathway In Glioblastoma Biology, Anh Tran Jan 2018

Analysis Of The Gtp Cyclohydrolase I/Tetrahydrobiopterin Pathway In Glioblastoma Biology, Anh Tran

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Glioblastomas (GBMs) are the most common primary malignant brain tumors in adults and one of the most aggressive cancers with high rates of recurrence and therapeutic resistance. In GBMs, subpopulations of highly tumorigenic cells called brain tumor initiating cells (BTICs) have the unique capacity to promote tumor maintenance, therapeutic resistance, and angiogenesis. Depending on the level, differentiation state, and tumor stage, reactive nitrogen and oxygen species inhibit or increase cancer growth and BTIC maintenance. GTP cyclohydrolase 1 (GCH1) is the rate limiting enzyme in a pathway that can regulate reactive species production but has not been thoroughly investigated in GBM. …

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Strap Promotes Stemness And Tumorigenesis In Colon Cancer, Trung Vu Jan 2018

Strap Promotes Stemness And Tumorigenesis In Colon Cancer, Trung Vu

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Emerging data suggest that Serine-Threonine Kinase Receptor-Associated Protein (STRAP), a scaffold protein, is upregulated in several human cancers. Here, we report a novel oncogenic function of STRAP, maintaining the colorectal cancer stem cell subpopulations in a heterogeneous mixture and drug resistance by suppressing the formation of polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2) and epigenetically activating Notch signals in human colorectal cancer. Our data show that depletion of STRAP by shRNA sensitizes the colorectal tumor cells to drug-induced apoptosis. STRAP knockdown also contributes to the reduced stem-like phenotype of cells, indicated by reduced expression of CSC signatures and Notch signaling regulators in …

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Global Analysis Of Rpl12 Epistasis Within The Yor1-Δf Biogenesis Network, Mert Icyuz Jan 2018

Global Analysis Of Rpl12 Epistasis Within The Yor1-Δf Biogenesis Network, Mert Icyuz

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In frame deletion of the phenylalanine residue at position 508 of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR-ΔF508) results in protein misfolding and degradation, which reduces expression and function at the plasma membrane. The resulting loss of chloride and bicarbonate transport is the molecular basis of cystic fibrosis (CF). The F508-analogous mutation in the yeast oligomycin resistance 1 gene, yor1-ΔF670, has the same molecular consequences, but the phenotypic consequence is reduced resistance to growth inhibition by oligomycin. Comprehensive, systematic and quantitative analysis Yor1-ΔF gene modifiers has been demonstrated as a powerful way to further characterize known and to discover novel …

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Prenatal And Postnatal Factors Regulate Food Intake And Body Composition, Minsung Kang Jan 2018

Prenatal And Postnatal Factors Regulate Food Intake And Body Composition, Minsung Kang

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This research sought to identify the effects of prenatal and postnatal factors on systemic metabolism and the regulation of food intake, weight, and body composition. It was found that the manipulation of maternal diets influenced the systemic metabolism of offspring. The offspring of dams fed an isocaloric, low protein diet were significantly smaller and consumed less food than offspring from dams fed a control diet. In the case of the offspring from dams fed a western diet, they were significantly heavier and consumed more food than offspring from dams fed a control diet. In addition, the offspring showed altered glucose …

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Out Of America, William Ervin King Jan 2018

Out Of America, William Ervin King

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OUT OF AMERICA WILLIAM ‘BO’ KING ENGLISH ABSTRACT Out of America is a creative nonfiction novella that tells the story of my life as an expatriate minor, living away from the United States where I was born. The story covers a number of themes including divorce, kidnapping, race, anti-American sentiment, death, rebirth, and figuring out my place in the middle of all of it. I wanted to write this piece to finally give voice to myself and my history. The story begins with my family’s flight from the United States. This came after legal recourse had been denied following allegations …

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Evaluating Fty720 As An Anticancer Agent In Models Of Ovarian Cancer, Kelly Marie Kreitzburg Jan 2018

Evaluating Fty720 As An Anticancer Agent In Models Of Ovarian Cancer, Kelly Marie Kreitzburg

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Despite satisfactory initial responses to frontline therapies that combine tumor debulking with platinum and taxane-based chemotherapies, ovarian cancer remains the principle cause of gynecological malignancies. Drug resistance at relapse contributes to poor outcomes for women diagnosed with advanced disease and underscores the need for novel therapeutic strategies. Compelling data have implicated bioactive sphingolipids and their metabolism in the development and progression of ovarian cancer. Aberrations in sphingolipid metabolism that limit levels of the tumor suppressor lipid ceramide contribute to chemotherapy resistance. This dissertation presents work investigating the anticancer efficacy of the immunomodulatory drug FTY720. The sphingosine analog FTY720 has shown …

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An Investigation Of Sla Class Ii As A Xenoantigen, Joseph Ladowski Jan 2018

An Investigation Of Sla Class Ii As A Xenoantigen, Joseph Ladowski

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Xenotransplantation, using genetically-modified pigs as organ donors, is a potential solution to the growing transplant organ shortage. Avoiding antibody-mediated rejection (AMR) is the remaining hurdle to widespread application. The development of a triple glycan knockout pig reduced antibody binding to clinically acceptable levels, allowing for the screening of the history of antibodies to the major histocompatibility complex (MHC). In allotransplantation, the MHC is a group of proteins divided into two classes and anti-MHC antibodies possess the ability to cause both acute and chronic AMR. The pig MHC, the swine leukocyte antigen (SLA), is a hypothesized target of antibodies. This dissertation …

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Genetic Influences On Rheumatoid Arthritis In Global Populations, Vincent Albert Laufer Jan 2018

Genetic Influences On Rheumatoid Arthritis In Global Populations, Vincent Albert Laufer

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Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a complex disease having numerous genetic and environmental risk factors the interplay of which produces RA pathobiology. While the sheer number of genetic and environmental risk factors complicates understanding of disease biology, understanding has progressed far enough for insight into the most likely mechanisms for the development of the disease. Modern studies of the genetics of RA are massively parallel, enabling researchers to systematically interrogate variants throughout the human genome for associations in genome-wide association studies or GWAS. Such studies have been carried out in European and Asian cohorts many times, and the most recent RA …

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The Mechanism Of Tobacco-Induced Decrements In Mucociliary Clearance, Vivian Lin Jan 2018

The Mechanism Of Tobacco-Induced Decrements In Mucociliary Clearance, Vivian Lin

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Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), characterized by progressive loss of lung function including mucus obstruction and airway remodeling, is primarily caused by cigarette smoking. This pulmonary phenotype resembles that of cystic fibrosis (CF), which results from genetic mutations in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR), an ion channel important in maintaining airway surface hydration and mucus clearance. Cigarette smoke exposure has been found to induce acquired CFTR dysfunction, leading to airway dehydration, abnormal mucin production, and impaired mucus transport. Smoke exposure also induces mucus hypersecretion and ciliary dysfunction; together, these changes result in defective mucus clearance and subsequent muco-obstruction. …

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Cortical-Subcortical Functional Connectivity Of Autism Spectrum Disorders, Jose Omar Maximo Jan 2018

Cortical-Subcortical Functional Connectivity Of Autism Spectrum Disorders, Jose Omar Maximo

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Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is characterized by impairments in social communication and the presence of repetitive behaviors and restricted interests. Studies examining functional brain networks have risen exponentially over the last decade and have characterized ASD as a disorder of altered brain network connectivity and organization. These studies typically rely on blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) signal correlations between two or more regions in the cerebral cortex and make inferences about brain connectivity. However, brain connectivity differences might span subcortical regions such as the thalamus and basal ganglia as well; and only a few studies have examined cortico-subcortical connectivity in ASD. …

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Inception Of A Cellulose Nitrate-Layered Silicate Nanocomposite Coating: Study Of The Formulation Procedure, Degree Of Dispersion, Coating Properties, And Uv Stability, Precious Mitchell Jan 2018

Inception Of A Cellulose Nitrate-Layered Silicate Nanocomposite Coating: Study Of The Formulation Procedure, Degree Of Dispersion, Coating Properties, And Uv Stability, Precious Mitchell

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Cellulose nitrate lacquer is a coating system that is used in the conservation of silver art pieces in museums. This coating degrades prematurely in the presence of extensive light exposure, which is prominent in display cases, thus comprising the surface of the art piece. When facing this fact, it is imperative to create a new polymer coating system with an in-crease in barrier properties so that the life expectancy of the coating increases. The synthesis of a cellulose nitrate-layered silicate nanocomposite coating stands to enhance the barrier properties of cellulose nitrate through proper dispersion of layered silicates. A proper formulation …

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Neighborhood Disorder And Risky Sexual Behaviors In Adolescents, Catheryn Orihuela Jan 2018

Neighborhood Disorder And Risky Sexual Behaviors In Adolescents, Catheryn Orihuela

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This present study addresses the effect of neighborhood decay and a need for security on early sexual initiation, use of contraception, number of sexual partners, teen pregnancy and sexually transmitted infection (STI). As part of a larger investigation of adolescent health (Healthy Passages) the sample included 1,253 youth who were recruited from 5th grade classrooms in public schools in Birmingham, Alabama and followed throughout adolescence [1]. At baseline (Mage=11 years), trained observers completed assessments of neighborhood decay and security; geocoded census tract data yielded a composite measure of concentrated poverty; and youth and parents reported on their demographics and family …

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Examining The Role Of Injustice Perception In A Multiethnic Sample Of Individuals With Chronic Low Back Pain, Terence Matthew Penn Jan 2018

Examining The Role Of Injustice Perception In A Multiethnic Sample Of Individuals With Chronic Low Back Pain, Terence Matthew Penn

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Chronic low back pain (CLBP) is among the most disabling, costly, and painful conditions worldwide. In the United States, there is consistent evidence that the burden of chronic pain and associated disability disproportionately affect non-Hispanic Blacks (“Blacks”) compared to non-Hispanic Whites (“Whites”), with Blacks reporting greater pain frequency, severity, and disability. Moreover, emerging evidence suggests that perceptions of injustice related to personal pain or injury is a crucial risk factor for poor outcomes in chronic pain, including persistent musculoskeletal pain disorders. Although racial differences have been reported for multiple chronic pain conditions, relatively minimal attention has been given to potential …

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T Cell Immunity Directed Against Novel Anti-Sense Cryptic Epitopes And Its Impact On Hiv Viral Evolution, Binghao Jason Peng Jan 2018

T Cell Immunity Directed Against Novel Anti-Sense Cryptic Epitopes And Its Impact On Hiv Viral Evolution, Binghao Jason Peng

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After nearly four decades of scientific research, a global solution in eradicating the human immunodeficiency virus - 1 (HIV-1) pandemic has still yet to be discovered. The advent of antiretroviral therapies (ART) has significantly decreased the diseases burden for those infected with the virus; however, the access to ART is often limited to those with the financial abilities to afford it. For this reason, finding a way to vaccinate against HIV-1 successfully remains a sought-after pragmatic solution to this worldwide health issue. HIV immunological studies have taught us that increasing the breadth of response to the virus holds significant potential …

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Mucus Adhesion As A Therapeutic Target In Cystic Fibrosis, Courtney Fernandez Petty Jan 2018

Mucus Adhesion As A Therapeutic Target In Cystic Fibrosis, Courtney Fernandez Petty

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Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a genetic disease resulting from mutations of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene. CFTR is an ion channel responsible for proper movement of chloride and bicarbonate ions across the apical cell surface. Defective CFTR results in an absence of bicarbonate transport, which functions in part to chelate Ca2+, a divalent cation found in abundance in mucin granules in normal conditions; this yields a hyperviscous and adhesive mucus on the respiratory and gastrointestinal tracts of patients with CF. Bronchial mucins are glycosylated proteins with neutral and negative sugars modified by negatively charged sialic and neuraminic …

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Transcriptional Changes Underpinning Poor Prognosis And Chemoresistance In Pancreatic Cancer, Ryne Ramaker Jan 2018

Transcriptional Changes Underpinning Poor Prognosis And Chemoresistance In Pancreatic Cancer, Ryne Ramaker

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With a 5-year survival rate of 7% and only marginal improvements in recent dec-ades, pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PDAC) survival statistics present a disheartening chal-lenge. A majority of the high mortality rate associated with PDAC is due to late-stage diagnosis and limited efficacy of the current chemotherapeutic arsenal. This work is largely focused on the ~20% of tumors detected prior to metastasis for which curative surgical resection can be combined with chemotherapy and radiation therapy, increasing the 5 year survival rate to ~25%. Although a subset of these patients who undergo surgi-cal resection experience sustained remission, a majority of patients still relapse …

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The Effect Of Novel Antibiotic Compounds On Endodontic Biofilms, Steven Rhodes Jan 2018

The Effect Of Novel Antibiotic Compounds On Endodontic Biofilms, Steven Rhodes

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Purpose: To investigate the effects of three novel experimental antibiotics on monospecies (Enterococcus faecalis) and polymicrobial (mixed) endodontic biofilms. Materials and Methods: Biofilms containing pure Enterococcus faecalis, as well as biofilms derived from mixed bacterial samples aspirated from inside the pulp spaces of necrotic human teeth, were grown onto slices of human dental in vitro. Biofilm formation capability was verified with SEM. The treatment groups consisted of 3 novel experimental antibiotics. 8.25% sodium hypochlorite and sterile saline were used as the controls. The biofilms were investigated with live/dead fluorochrome staining and confocal laser scanning microscopy. Results: The full strength sodium …

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Modeling And Analysis Of Iot Systems Using Shannon's Channel Model, Anthony G. Winchester Jan 2018

Modeling And Analysis Of Iot Systems Using Shannon's Channel Model, Anthony G. Winchester

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The Internet of Things (IoT) is a ubiquitous technology that can mark the evolution of modern world. Since the internet has become a common household resource like the land line was in the past, it is time to take technology to the next level. With the manipulation of signals, we now have the use of wireless devices that are connected to various devices (both wireless and wired). The idea is to not only engineer devices that connect to the web, but also make them smart using processors embedded in devices coupled with internet to provide an intelligent system. Our research …

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Assessing The Comparative Effect Of Tocilizumab On Risk Of Cardiovascular Disease Among Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients Using Claims Data: A Direct Comparison Among Biologic Disease-Modifying Antirheumatic Drugs, Fenglong Xie Jan 2018

Assessing The Comparative Effect Of Tocilizumab On Risk Of Cardiovascular Disease Among Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients Using Claims Data: A Direct Comparison Among Biologic Disease-Modifying Antirheumatic Drugs, Fenglong Xie

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ASSESSING THE COMPARATIVE EFFECT OF TOCILIZUMAB ON RISK OF CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE AMONG RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS PATIENTS USING CLAIMS DATA: A DIRECT COMPARISON AMONG BIOLOGIC DISEASEMODIFYING ANTIRHEUMATIC DRUGS FENGLONG XIE PhD-EPID ABSTRACT Tocilizumab is a humanized monoclonal anti-body against the interleukin-6 receptor and is effective in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) [1]. Multiple studies have observed unfavorable changes in the lipid profile of tocilizumab-treated RA patients. Few studies have compared the cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk associated with tocilizumab to other biologic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (bDMARDS). Due to limitations in existing studies, the real-world association of tocilizumab with CVD risk remains uncertain. …

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Novel Anti-Cancer Therapy Development Using Omics Guided Rational Cell Process Engineering, Ningning Xu Jan 2018

Novel Anti-Cancer Therapy Development Using Omics Guided Rational Cell Process Engineering, Ningning Xu

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Cancer is one of the leading causes of mortality globally, and multiple anti-cancer therapies have been developed and applied over last few decades. Antibody-based cancer therapies have been on one of the most exciting and promising therapeutic strategies. Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) can control the progression of cancers via targeted binding to the specific antigen of tumors to trigger an immune response, target and block the signaling pathway involved in cancer progression, or deliver cytotoxic agents into tumors. Two chimeric/humanized monoclonal antibodies (anti-HER2 mAb and anti-CD 20 mAb) with higher efficacy were successfully expressed in engineered Chinese Hamster Ovary Cells (CHO). …

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