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Multi-Task Learning For Cardiac Motion Analysis And Segmentation In Echocardiography, Kevinminh Ta Apr 2022

Multi-Task Learning For Cardiac Motion Analysis And Segmentation In Echocardiography, Kevinminh Ta

Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations

Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death globally and impose great economic and societal burden. Of these diseases, coronary artery disease is the most prevalent. Occlusions in the coronary artery restricts the flow of blood to the myocardium, leading to tissue damage and subsequent adverse cardiac remodeling and congestive heart failure. Early detection of myocardial dysfunction is imperative in reducing the overall mortality rate through timely intervention. To that end, there is significant motivation to develop automated techniques to characterize cardiac function using cost-effective and non-invasive tools. Motion and morphology analysis using echocardiography give insights into overall cardiac health …

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Homage To Hutchinson: Niche Modeling Across Spatial Scales, Muyang Lu Apr 2022

Homage To Hutchinson: Niche Modeling Across Spatial Scales, Muyang Lu

Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations

The concept of the niche is one of the building blocks of ecology and evolution. However, various issues have plagued the measurement of the niche, such as the “curse of dimensionality” and the problem of spatial scale. The lack of agreement on niche measurement not only hampers the development of niche-based theories but also imposes serious challenges on the application of niche modeling to addressing the threats of climate change. In this dissertation, I provided a geometric framework based on Hutchinson’s n-dimensional hypervolume to understand how niche estimates change across spatial scales. In the first chapter, I developed a computationally …

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Mammalian Facial Muscles: Their Evolution, Function, Diversity, & Study Through Comparative Methods, Juri Ann Miyamae Apr 2022

Mammalian Facial Muscles: Their Evolution, Function, Diversity, & Study Through Comparative Methods, Juri Ann Miyamae

Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations

Within the great diversity of living vertebrates, mammals alone are distinguished by the presence of facial muscles. These delicate sheets of muscle are distributed in superficial layers of the face and neck and are responsible for critical everyday functions such as communication, feeding, and active gathering of sensory information. Despite the importance of this anatomical system in the lives of mammals, they have seldom been the focus of investigation, especially within an evolutionary context. The goal of this PhD dissertation is to explore facial muscles as a whole and integrated anatomical system with a dynamic evolutionary history and functional relevance …

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Determining The Function And Atpase/Rna Remodeling Cycle Of Dbp5, Shawn Dean Gray Apr 2022

Determining The Function And Atpase/Rna Remodeling Cycle Of Dbp5, Shawn Dean Gray

Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations

Dbp5 from Saccharomyces cerevisiae is an essential DEAD-box protein required for many aspects of mRNA metabolism including nuclear mRNA export. The ATPase cycle of Dbp5 is required for its in vivo function in mRNA export. The Dbp5 ATPase cycling kinetics dictate how the energy from ATP binding and hydrolysis is coupled to RNA remodeling. Several factors are known to regulate Dbp5 ATPase and mRNA export activity including the small molecule inositol hexaphosphate (InsP6), RNA, and the nucleoporins Gle1 and Nup159. In order to quantify how these regulatory factors, influence the ATPase activity and functionality of Dbp5, we measured the rate …

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Adaptive Identification And Control Of Time-Varying Systems Using Multiple Models, Kasra Esfandiari Apr 2022

Adaptive Identification And Control Of Time-Varying Systems Using Multiple Models, Kasra Esfandiari

Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations

The study of adaptive systems concerns the identification and control of dynamicalsystems in the presence of uncertainties. In the past seven decades, research on adaptive systems has primarily centered around the identification and control of linear dynamical systems with constant parameters. The use of multiple models to judiciously combine information from various sources has proven to be a powerful technique for improving adaptive behavior (in terms of speed, accuracy, and robustness) in these systems. However, the main interest of adaptive structures has always been in the identification and control of systems with unknown time-varying parameters. Situations which call for adaptation …

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Development Of Assays For Single Molecule Spectroscopy Of Conjugated Polymers Using Optical Tweezers, Qixuan Yu Apr 2022

Development Of Assays For Single Molecule Spectroscopy Of Conjugated Polymers Using Optical Tweezers, Qixuan Yu

Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations

This thesis focuses on the development of a single-molecule spectroscopy technique to study the mechanical and photophysical properties of conjugated polymers in a dual-trap optical tweezers system. It involves the design, synthesis, and implementation of a novel optical tweezers platform and the preparation of tailor-made conjugated polymers. Novel SiO2-coated zinc oxide microspheres (ZnO@SiO2) with tunable size were developed as materials for dual-trap optical tweezers in organic solvents. The microspheres can be used as stable traps in both aqueous and various organic solvents ranging in polarity and refractive index. Specifically, we demonstrated the use of the microspheres to study the single-molecule …

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Β-Catenin Nuclear Transport In Wnt Signaling: Kap-Β2/Transportin Mediates Nuclear Import Of Β-Catenin Via A Py-Nls Motif In A Ran Gtpase Dependent Manner, Woong Y. Hwang Apr 2022

Β-Catenin Nuclear Transport In Wnt Signaling: Kap-Β2/Transportin Mediates Nuclear Import Of Β-Catenin Via A Py-Nls Motif In A Ran Gtpase Dependent Manner, Woong Y. Hwang

Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations

Wnt signaling is essential for embryonic development and adult tissue homeostasis; mutations in Wnt pathway components are major drivers of multiple diseases especially cancer. β-catenin is a key effector in this pathway that translocates into the nucleus and activates Wnt responsive genes. However, due to our lack of understanding of β-catenin nuclear transport, therapeutic modulation of Wnt signaling has been challenging. Here, we took an unconventional approach to address this long-standing question by exploiting a heterologous model system, the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, which contains a conserved nuclear transport machinery. In contrast to prior work, we demonstrate that β-catenin accumulates …

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Studies Towards The Synthesis Of Diaporthein B And Studies Towards The Synthesis Of Darobactin A, Ian Tingyung Hsu Apr 2022

Studies Towards The Synthesis Of Diaporthein B And Studies Towards The Synthesis Of Darobactin A, Ian Tingyung Hsu

Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations

In the first chapter of this thesis, I describe the development of two convergent, fragment-based strategies to prepare the oxidized carbon scaffold of diaporthein B (1). Diaporthein B (1), initially isolated from the fungal genus Diaporthe, is an antimycobacterial pimarane diterpene that exhibited a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 3.1 µg⋅mL–1 against M. tuberculosis, as well as half-maximal inhibitory concentrations of 1.5–3 µM against HCT and LoVo colon cancer cell lines. The first synthetic approach towards diaporthein B (1) furnished the tricyclic carbon skeleton 154 in 9 steps from (R)-carvone through a diastereoselective 1,2-addition between two elaborated cycloalkenones, a novel …

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Frontal Neuromodulation Of Value-Based Decisions In Mice Playing A Competitive Game, Hongli Wang Apr 2022

Frontal Neuromodulation Of Value-Based Decisions In Mice Playing A Competitive Game, Hongli Wang

Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations

In a social game involving two animals, the outcome depends on the choices of both. Thriving in such situations requires the animal to make flexible decisions against its opponent to gain reward which is essential to survive. Central neuromodulatory systems have been shown to send broad projections to various brain regions, and contribute to the regulation of information processing. However, it remains unclear that what roles the noradrenergic and cholinergic signals play in the frontal cortex during value-based decisions. To directly address this question, the dissertation will present two independent studies centered on the neuromodulation during decision-making. We first trained …

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Dissolved Organic Matter Dynamics In A Large Temperate River, Laura Ann Logozzo Apr 2022

Dissolved Organic Matter Dynamics In A Large Temperate River, Laura Ann Logozzo

Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations

Dissolved organic matter (DOM) affects the structure and function of aquatic ecosystems. DOM determines system net heterotrophy or autotrophy, affects light availability and water color, controls the speciation of metals such as iron, and is one of the most reactive carbon pools. DOM quality and source, whether from terrestrial plants and soils or primary production in inland waters, modulates its impact. Here, I characterize DOM cycling in the predominantly forested, temperate Connecticut River watershed. In Chapter 1, I evaluate how commonly used optical indices for DOM source and quality are complicated by the presence of filterable ferric iron in streams …

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Three Essays On Political Institutions & Foreign Policy Crisis Behaviour, Fahd Humayun Apr 2022

Three Essays On Political Institutions & Foreign Policy Crisis Behaviour, Fahd Humayun

Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations

When and how do domestic political institutions shape the behaviour of foreign policy crisis actors? Existing research on interstate crisis behaviour in democracies has largely been agnostic about the extent to which intermediate levels of democratic institutionalisation can impact the expectations and behaviour of electorally competitive foreign policy crisis actors. The three empirical papers in this doctoral dissertation explore and shed light on the complex relationship between democracy, political institutions and political actors in Pakistan, a weakly-institutionalised democratic polity with a legacy of frequent foreign policy crises. Paper I, titled "The Punisher's Dilemma: Domestic Opposition and Foreign Policy Crises", advances …

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Quantum Error Correction Beyond Break-Even, Volodymyr Sivak Apr 2022

Quantum Error Correction Beyond Break-Even, Volodymyr Sivak

Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations

The ambition of harnessing the quantum for computation is at odds with the fundamental phenomenon of decoherence. The purpose of quantum error correction (QEC) is to counteract the natural tendency of a complex system to decohere. This cooperative process, which requires participation of multiple quantum and classical components, creates a special type of dissipation that removes the entropy caused by the errors faster than the rate at which these errors corrupt the stored quantum information. Previous experimental attempts to engineer such a process faced an excessive generation of errors that overwhelmed the error-correcting capability of the process itself. Whether it …

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Nuclear-Electronic Orbital Density Functional Theory For Quantizing Protons, Zhen Tao Apr 2022

Nuclear-Electronic Orbital Density Functional Theory For Quantizing Protons, Zhen Tao

Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations

Through treating select nuclei quantum mechanically at the same level as electrons, the nuclear-electronic orbital (NEO) method inherently captures the important nuclear quantum effects of the system. Without the Born-Oppenheimer (BO) separation between electrons and select nuclei, vibronic states are described naturally. Treating protons quantum mechanically within the multicomponent density functional theory (DFT) framework introduces an additional functional to describe electron-proton correlation (epc). This dissertation introduces an epc functional based on the generalized gradient approximation (GGA), which can provide accurate protonic densities and energies. Electron-proton vibronic excitations can be calculated through NEO time-dependent density functional theory (NEO-TDDFT). This Dissertation further …

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The Madden-Julian Oscillation, Tropical Cyclones And Westerly Wind Bursts As Part Of El Niño Dynamics In A Warming Climate, Yu Liang Apr 2022

The Madden-Julian Oscillation, Tropical Cyclones And Westerly Wind Bursts As Part Of El Niño Dynamics In A Warming Climate, Yu Liang

Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations

This thesis examines several key elements of the tropical ocean-atmosphere system on various timescales and their interactions, including tropical cyclones (TCs), Madden-Julian Oscillation (MJO), westerly wind bursts (WWBs) and El Niño. The MJO is the dominant intraseasonal mode (periods of 20-100 days) of the tropical atmosphere, which serves as a major source of predictability for subseasonal to seasonal weather forecasts in the tropics and beyond. It also modulates TC genesis, and on certain conditions generates WWBs which contribute to El Niño development. The generation of WWBs, on the other hand, is modulated by El Niño evolution. As the most important …

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Kinetic And Thermodynamic Studies Of Triphenylmethyl Radicals, Abigail Marie Heuer Apr 2022

Kinetic And Thermodynamic Studies Of Triphenylmethyl Radicals, Abigail Marie Heuer

Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations

This thesis aims to advance our understanding of H-atom transfer processes at carbon-centered radicals. First, we develop a robust synthetic route towards accessing triphenylmethyl (trityl) radicals as tools for studying radical reactions at carbon, among other things. Then, we utilize trityl radicals to assess the intrinsic reactivity at C–H bonds. The final chapter of this thesis provides details into the design and synthesis of a series of (+)–pleuromutilin analogs. Several iterations of hydrindane-core-modified and peripherally-functionalized pleuromutilins are addressed.

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Synthesizing Epidemiological Evidence Of Respiratory Syncytial Virus To Predict The Potential Effectiveness Of Three Rsv Prevention Strategies, Zhe Zheng Apr 2022

Synthesizing Epidemiological Evidence Of Respiratory Syncytial Virus To Predict The Potential Effectiveness Of Three Rsv Prevention Strategies, Zhe Zheng

Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the leading cause of respiratory infection and hospitalization for infants, children, and the elderly [1]. In this dissertation, I present five quantitative studies aimed at improving our understanding of the disease burden, epidemic timing, geographic spread, and prevention of RSV. Specifically, I applied statistical and mathematical models to (1) estimate respiratory hospitalizations attributable to RSV across age and socioeconomic groups; (2) identify drivers that impact RSV epidemic spatiotemporal patterns in a typical winter season; (3) estimate the timing and intensity of RSV reemergence following the COVID-19 pandemic; (4) compare the geographic spread of RSV epidemics …

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Site- And Stereochemical Considerations In Copper-Catalyzed Cross-Coupling Reactions Utilizing Guanidinylated Ligands, Jaeyeon Hwang Apr 2022

Site- And Stereochemical Considerations In Copper-Catalyzed Cross-Coupling Reactions Utilizing Guanidinylated Ligands, Jaeyeon Hwang

Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations

Herein we report the 1) chirality-matched catalyst-enabled macrocyclization reactions and 2) site-selective arylation of tyrosine residues in short peptides, both via copper-catalyzed Ullmann coupling. Through the works presented herein, this dissertation explores key considerations in achieving site- and stereo-selective transformations by levereging non-covalent interactions. Chapter 1 provides an introduction to peptide-based catalysis and their utility in various desymmetrization reactions reported by the Miller group. We focus on desymmetrization of symmetrical diarylmethanes, and make a case that these rather simple scaffolds provide a powerful platform to interrogate distal, non-covalent interactions in asymmetric transformations. Examples employing transition-metal catalysis are surveyed in detail. …

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Essays On The Effects Of Labor Market Policies, Julian Aramburu Apr 2022

Essays On The Effects Of Labor Market Policies, Julian Aramburu

Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations

In this dissertation, I study the effects of two types of policies that aim to improve the labor market outcomes of workers from underrepresented groups. “Coding Bootcamps for Female Digital Employment: Evidence from a Randomized Controlled Trial in Argentina and Colombia” Women are underrepresented in the science, technology, engineering, and math (STEM) sector, at both the educational and occupational level. In particular, the gender gap in computer science careers is the most salient of all STEM fields. In the first chapter of this dissertation, my coauthors and I design a high-quality computer coding training — a bootcamp — that aims …

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Multidisciplinary Studies On The Social And Health Implications Of Stormwater Management And Flash Flooding, Alisha Yee Chan Apr 2022

Multidisciplinary Studies On The Social And Health Implications Of Stormwater Management And Flash Flooding, Alisha Yee Chan

Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations

Research on stormwater management and flash flooding is of the upmost importance given the increase in severity of storm events from climate change and the rising installation of impervious surfaces from urbanization. This dissertation presents three studies that reveal social and health implications of stormwater management and flash flooding. Stormwater control measures (SCMs) (i.e., green infrastructure) are advantageous methods of stormwater management. However, studies suggest that urban greening may be associated with gentrification, displacing racially/ethnically minoritized groups due to increased housing costs and loss of feelings of belonging. For the first study presented in this dissertation, I analyzed whether there …

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Essays In Family Economics, Paula Andrea Calvo Apr 2022

Essays In Family Economics, Paula Andrea Calvo

Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations

In this dissertation I investigate how family formation decisions interact with otherindividual's choices---including labor supply, savings or separation,---and how these decision shape gender gaps, inequality and child development. "The effects of institutional gaps between cohabitation and marriage". In the first chapter of my dissertation, I examine how institutional differences between marriage and cohabitation in the U.S.---in dimensions such as child custody or property division laws---shape family formation decisions, and how this choice affects family well-being and child outcomes. As cohabitation and non-marital fertility are prevalent in the U.S., mainly among the less educated, policies that change the differences between cohabitation …

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The Suicide Archive(S): Literary Resistance In The Wake Of French Empire, Doyle David Calhoun Apr 2022

The Suicide Archive(S): Literary Resistance In The Wake Of French Empire, Doyle David Calhoun

Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations

This dissertation tracks how literature and aesthetic works figure and extend subversive genealogies of suicidal resistance in former sites of French empire. Despite its pervasiveness as a response to French slavery and (neo)colonial expansion, suicide falls out of frame both in monumentalized accounts of colonization and more recent historiographical work. Despite an immense literature on suicide in metropolitan France from the eighteenth century onward, there is a near total critical silence with respect to the literally countless examples of enslaved or colonized peoples destroying themselves and their cities in deadly acts of resistance against French conquest. My dissertation argues that …

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Soliton Microcomb Generation Dynamics In Pockels Microring Resonator, Zheng Gong Apr 2022

Soliton Microcomb Generation Dynamics In Pockels Microring Resonator, Zheng Gong

Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations

Optical frequency comb, an array of equidistant coherent laser lines, has revolutionized time/frequency metrology. Recent progress in microresonator-based Kerr soliton generation promises chip-scale comb sources for fieldable applications beyond lab research. To date, several nanophotonic platforms have been developed to support Kerr soliton generation, among which $\mathrm{Si_{3}N_{4}}$ photonics is the most mature one and has proved viable for producing broadband self-referenceable combs. However, it lacks second-order ($\chi^{(2)}$) nonlinearity and relies on off-chip optical components for comb self-referencing, which hinders the chip integration of comb. On the other hand, the emerging aluminum nitride (AlN) and lithium niobate (LN) thin-film platforms bring …

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Nanofabrication Through Molding, Naijia Liu Apr 2022

Nanofabrication Through Molding, Naijia Liu

Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations

The development of today’s nanotechnology relies on the capabilities of nanofabrication techniques. An ideal nanofabrication method would cover a broad range of length scales, control of geometries, and a versatile material and composition choice. However, most of the existing nanofabrication methods are limited in some of these aspects. Molding is a fabrication method used for materials that can be realized in a soft state. Molding forms materials by deforming them with an applied bias, typically a pressure gradient, and drive the materials against a hard mold with pre-defined geometries. By using molds of nanoscale patterns, molding has been achieved down …

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Trim71/Lin-41 Links An Ancient Mirna Pathway To Human Congenital Hydrocephalus, Duy Phan Apr 2022

Trim71/Lin-41 Links An Ancient Mirna Pathway To Human Congenital Hydrocephalus, Duy Phan

Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations

The let-7 target TRIM71/LIN-41 is a phylogenetically conserved RNA-binding protein best known as a heterochronic regulator of epidermal stem cell fate in C. elegans. I now show that TRIM71 is a novel marker of neuroepithelial cells, the earliest neural stem cells (NSCs) of the prenatal mammalian brain. Trim71 deletion in prenatal mouse NSCs (Nestin-Trim71fl/fl and Emx-Trim71fl/fl), or knock-in of a human congenital hydrocephalus-associated missense mutation that disrupts the regulation of target RNAs (Trim71R595H/+), causes severe cortical thinning and associated ventriculomegaly due to defective NSC self-renewal without altering ependymal cilia- driven cerebrospinal fluid flow. Strikingly, Trim71R595H/R595H mice exhibit anencephaly and embryonic …

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Tyrosine Mediated Proton-Coupled Electron Transfer Reactions, Clorice Rose Reinhardt Apr 2022

Tyrosine Mediated Proton-Coupled Electron Transfer Reactions, Clorice Rose Reinhardt

Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations

Tyrosine residues can be redox active and play a role in enzymes such as photosystem II, cytochrome c oxidase, and ribonucleotide reductase. The large size of these enzymes and high potentials needed to oxidize tyrosine prohibits extensive experimental characterization of tyrosine redox potentials in their native protein environment. Tyrosine oxidation at typical biological pH is coupled to proton-transfer and thus proceeds via a proton-coupled electron transfer (PCET) reaction to form a neutral tyrosine radical. Radical intermediates can be transient and reactive and thus difficult to isolate. This precludes understanding the role of the solvated protein environment and electronic effects on …

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Perception And Perceptual Judgment In Plato’S Theaetetus And Timaeus, Lea Schroeder Apr 2022

Perception And Perceptual Judgment In Plato’S Theaetetus And Timaeus, Lea Schroeder

Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations

This dissertation develops an account of perception in the Theaetetus and the Timaeus, two so-called “late” writings of Plato that I argue theorize distinct but complementary aspects of perception. On the overall view that emerges from these writings, perception is anchored in the world – an instance of perception directly presents to the soul the worldly objects that caused it. At the same time, perception by itself precludes awareness of what is perceived as something or other, and ordinary perceptual experiences that do involve such awareness are hybrid mental states that fuse perception, memory, and (subpersonal) judgment. The resulting account …

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Facets Of Vulnerability And Risk At The Nexus Of Groundwater And Unconventional Energy Resources, Mario Soriano Apr 2022

Facets Of Vulnerability And Risk At The Nexus Of Groundwater And Unconventional Energy Resources, Mario Soriano

Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations

Unconventional oil and gas (UOG) development is the extraction of fossil fuels from shale and other low permeability formations, made possible by technological advances in horizontal drilling and high volume hydraulic fracturing. Hydraulic fracturing (“fracking”) refers to the stage in UOG development where millions of gallons of water mixed with sand and chemicals are injected at high pressures to create openings in the target formation, enabling the flow of trapped hydrocarbons. UOG development has been hailed for its socioeconomic benefits, allowing the United States to become a net energy exporter in recent years and facilitating the transition away from coal …

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An Investigation Of Reverse Remodeling Phenomena In Engineered Heart Tissues, Shi Shen Apr 2022

An Investigation Of Reverse Remodeling Phenomena In Engineered Heart Tissues, Shi Shen

Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations

Reverse remodeling is a myocardial recovery process of the failing heart often seen in advanced heart failure patients after left ventricular assist device (LVAD) implantation. In most cases, LVADs serve either as a short-term bridge-to-transplantation therapy or as a long-term destination treatment. Interestingly, over time, many patients experience variable degree of recovery. In some rare cases, patients are able to achieve significant functional and structural recovery to qualify for LVAD explantation and go into heart failure remission. Despite these findings, there is currently limited knowledge on why only a small subset of patients respond to LVAD and undergoes reverse remodeling, …

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Visual Modernity And The Industrial Subterranean, 1826 - 1941, Shirlynn Sham Apr 2022

Visual Modernity And The Industrial Subterranean, 1826 - 1941, Shirlynn Sham

Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations

AbstractVisual Modernity and the Industrial Subterranean, 1826 – 1941 Shirlynn Sham 2022 This dissertation argues that the technological mastery of the subterranean realm in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries is crucial to the evolution of visual modernity. Throughout this period of rapid infrastructural modernization, major underground public works projects radically transformed the urban fabric of cities in the trans-Atlantic world, initially through widespread excavations that visibly tore up the metropolitan landscape, and later through the sleek new velocities of the railway era. A dominant issue that attended this period of urban renovation was visual legibility: how did engineers, inventors and …

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Essays On Zoning Regulations And Housing Markets, Jaehee Song Apr 2022

Essays On Zoning Regulations And Housing Markets, Jaehee Song

Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations

Zoning regulations restrict the type and quantity of housing constructed. Such regulations have recently come under scrutiny, with policymakers and advocates pushing for relaxed zoning. They argue relaxing zoning laws will lower housing costs and increase access to high-opportunity neighborhoods. In this dissertation, I evaluate the impacts of minimum lot area regulations, the most common type of zoning controls, in U.S. housing markets. I first construct a unique data set of neighborhood-level minimum lot area regulations covering 134 million single--family homes in 29,262 municipalities. Using this data, I evaluate the effects of minimum lot area regulations on housing density, prices, …

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