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The Founding Of The National Medical Association, Karen Morris Jan 2007

The Founding Of The National Medical Association, Karen Morris

Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library

In 1869, a mere four years after the end of the Civil War and during a time when Southern sentiment ran high in Washington, D.C., three African-American physicians applied for membership into the all-white Medical Society of the District of Columbia (MSDC). Though meeting all eligibility requirements, they were denied admission into this society based solely on their race. Amidst much publicity in the local newspapers, the three physicians and their supporters sought remedy of the exclusionary practices of the MSDC on the floor of Congress and at the American Medical Associations (AMA) Annual Meeting. However, those opposed to integrating …

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Significance Of "Atypia" Found On Needle Biopsy Of The Breast: Correlation With Surgical Outcome, Anika Nina Watson Jan 2007

Significance Of "Atypia" Found On Needle Biopsy Of The Breast: Correlation With Surgical Outcome, Anika Nina Watson

Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library

Although core needle biopsy has been shown to be effective in diagnosing both benign and malignant mammographically detected lesions in the breast, it has also been shown to underestimate cancer most likely due to sampling error. Since a diagnosis of atypical hyperplasia versus malignancy is based on quantitative factors (which could be affected by an error in sampling), the current recommendation is surgical excision for atypical hyperplasia diagnosed on core biopsy. The purpose of the study was to determine if a subset of patients with atypia diagnosed by core biopsy fit the Breast Imaging Reporting and Data Systems (BI-RADS) Category …

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Clinical Characteristics And Treatment Response To Radiotherapy Of Optic Nerve Sheath Meningiomas, Silas Wang Jan 2007

Clinical Characteristics And Treatment Response To Radiotherapy Of Optic Nerve Sheath Meningiomas, Silas Wang

Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library

Recent reports of success with conventional, conformal, and stereotactic radiotherapy in stabilizing or improving visual function in patients with primary optic nerve sheath meningiomas have reduced the controversy surrounding the optimal treatment of these rare tumors. To analyze trends in the clinical presentation and diagnosis of optic nerve sheath meningiomas and to evaluate the effectiveness and side-effect profile of three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy versus other treatment modalities, a retrospective chart review was performed on patients with optic nerve sheath meningiomas treated at The Eye Care Group and at the Department of Therapeutic Radiology, Yale University School of Medicine, in New Haven, …

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Maximum Likelihood And Gaussian Estimation Of Continuous Time Models In Finance, Peter C.B. Phillips, Jun Yu Jan 2007

Maximum Likelihood And Gaussian Estimation Of Continuous Time Models In Finance, Peter C.B. Phillips, Jun Yu

Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers

This paper overviews maximum likelihood and Gaussian methods of estimating continuous time models used in finance. Since the exact likelihood can be constructed only in special cases, much attention has been devoted to the development of methods designed to approximate the likelihood. These approaches range from crude Euler-type approximations and higher order stochastic Taylor series expansions to more complex polynomial-based expansions and infill approximations to the likelihood based on a continuous time data record. The methods are discussed, their properties are outlined and their relative finite sample performance compared in a simulation experiment with the nonlinear CIR diffusion model, which …

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Landsbanki Annual Report 2007, Landsbanki Jan 2007

Landsbanki Annual Report 2007, Landsbanki

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No abstract provided.

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Gmm Estimation For Dynamic Panels With Fixed Effects And Strong Instruments At Unity, Chirok Han, Peter C.B. Phillips Jan 2007

Gmm Estimation For Dynamic Panels With Fixed Effects And Strong Instruments At Unity, Chirok Han, Peter C.B. Phillips

Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers

This paper develops new estimation and inference procedures for dynamic panel data models with fixed effects and incidental trends. A simple consistent GMM estimation method is proposed that avoids the weak moment condition problem that is known to affect conventional GMM estimation when the autoregressive coefficient (rho) is near unity. In both panel and time series cases, the estimator has standard Gaussian asymptotics for all values of rho in (-1, 1] irrespective of how the composite cross section and time series sample sizes pass to infinity. Simulations reveal that the estimator has little bias even in very small samples. The …

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Fannie Mae Timeline, United States: Financial Crisis Inquiry Commission (Fcic) Jan 2007

Fannie Mae Timeline, United States: Financial Crisis Inquiry Commission (Fcic)

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No abstract provided.

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Ofheo's 2007 Fannie Mae Report Of Annual Examination, United States: Office Of Federal Housing Enterprise Oversight (Ofheo) Jan 2007

Ofheo's 2007 Fannie Mae Report Of Annual Examination, United States: Office Of Federal Housing Enterprise Oversight (Ofheo)

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Contains Examination Authority and Scope, Examination Conclusions, Matters Requiring Board Attention, Board and Management Supervision, Asset Quality and Credit Risk Management, Operations, Sensitivity to Interest Rate Risk, Liquidity, Earnings, and Capital.

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Bank Negara Malaysia Financial Stability And Payment Systems Report 2007, Bank Negara Malaysia/Central Bank Of Malaysia Jan 2007

Bank Negara Malaysia Financial Stability And Payment Systems Report 2007, Bank Negara Malaysia/Central Bank Of Malaysia

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No abstract provided.

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Liquidity Shocks & Asset Price Or Bust Cycles, Carsten Detken, Ramon Adalid Jan 2007

Liquidity Shocks & Asset Price Or Bust Cycles, Carsten Detken, Ramon Adalid

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No abstract provided.

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Fcic Data Webpage, United States: Financial Crisis Inquiry Commission (Fcic) Jan 2007

Fcic Data Webpage, United States: Financial Crisis Inquiry Commission (Fcic)

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No abstract provided.

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Sec Follow Up Exhibits Part D, United States: Securities And Exchange Commission (Sec) Jan 2007

Sec Follow Up Exhibits Part D, United States: Securities And Exchange Commission (Sec)

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No abstract provided.

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Ofheo Performance And Accountability Report, United States: Office Of Federal Housing Enterprise Oversight (Ofheo) Jan 2007

Ofheo Performance And Accountability Report, United States: Office Of Federal Housing Enterprise Oversight (Ofheo)

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No abstract provided.

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Ofheo Report Of Examination - Freddie Mac, United States: Office Of Federal Housing Enterprise Oversight (Ofheo) Jan 2007

Ofheo Report Of Examination - Freddie Mac, United States: Office Of Federal Housing Enterprise Oversight (Ofheo)

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No abstract provided.

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Ofheo Fannie Mae Report Of Annual Examination, 2007, United States: Office Of Federal Housing Enterprise Oversight (Ofheo) Jan 2007

Ofheo Fannie Mae Report Of Annual Examination, 2007, United States: Office Of Federal Housing Enterprise Oversight (Ofheo)

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No abstract provided.

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Congressional Budget Office, Housing Wealth And Consumer Spending, United States: Congress: Congressional Budget Office (Cbo) Jan 2007

Congressional Budget Office, Housing Wealth And Consumer Spending, United States: Congress: Congressional Budget Office (Cbo)

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No abstract provided.

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Vertical 2007-1 Cdo Pitchbook - Preliminary Investor Presentation, Vertical Capital Investment Advisors Jan 2007

Vertical 2007-1 Cdo Pitchbook - Preliminary Investor Presentation, Vertical Capital Investment Advisors

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No abstract provided.

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Chronology Of Selected Events Related To Jpmorgan, United States: Financial Crisis Inquiry Commission (Fcic) Jan 2007

Chronology Of Selected Events Related To Jpmorgan, United States: Financial Crisis Inquiry Commission (Fcic)

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No abstract provided.

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Simulation-Based Estimation Of Contingent-Claims Prices, Peter C.B. Phillips, Jun Yu Jan 2007

Simulation-Based Estimation Of Contingent-Claims Prices, Peter C.B. Phillips, Jun Yu

Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers

A new methodology is proposed to estimate theoretical prices of financial contingent-claims whose values are dependent on some other underlying financial assets. In the literature the preferred choice of estimator is usually maximum likelihood (ML). ML has strong asymptotic justification but is not necessarily the best method in finite samples. The present paper proposes instead a simulation-based method that improves the finite sample performance of the ML estimator while maintaining its good asymptotic properties. The methods are implemented and evaluated here in the Black-Scholes option pricing model and in the Vasicek bond pricing model, but have wider applicability. Monte Carlo …

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Simulations Of Phytoplankton Species And Carbon Production In The Equatorial Pacific Ocean 2. Effects Of Physical And Biogeochemical Processes, Baris Salihoglu, Eileen E. Hofmann Jan 2007

Simulations Of Phytoplankton Species And Carbon Production In The Equatorial Pacific Ocean 2. Effects Of Physical And Biogeochemical Processes, Baris Salihoglu, Eileen E. Hofmann

Journal of Marine Research

A one-dimensional multi-component lower trophic level ecosystem model that includes detailed algal physiology is used to investigate the response of phytoplankton community and carbon production and export to variations in physical and biochemical processes in the Cold Tongue region of the equatorial Pacific Ocean at 0N, 140W. Results show that high-frequency variability in vertical advection and temperature is an important mechanism driving the carbon export. Filtering out low frequency physical forcing results in a 30% increase in primary production and dominance of high-light adapted Prochlorococcus and autotrophic eukaryotes. Sensitivity studies show that iron availability is the primary control on carbon …

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Rapid Consumption Of Phytoplankton And Ice Algae By Arctic Soft-Sediment Benthic Communities: Evidence Using Natural And 13c-Labeled Food Materials, Ming-Yi Sun, Michael L. Carroll, William G. Ambrose Jr., Lisa M. Clough, Li Zou, Glenn R. Lopez Jan 2007

Rapid Consumption Of Phytoplankton And Ice Algae By Arctic Soft-Sediment Benthic Communities: Evidence Using Natural And 13c-Labeled Food Materials, Ming-Yi Sun, Michael L. Carroll, William G. Ambrose Jr., Lisa M. Clough, Li Zou, Glenn R. Lopez

Journal of Marine Research

Reduction of sea ice in the Arctic may significantly alter the relative fluxes of phytoplankton and ice algae to the seafloor. To examine the response of Arctic benthic communities to changing food supplies, we incubated sediment cores collected from two sites (Smeerenburg Fjord, northwest Svalbard in May 2003 and Storfjord Trench, Barents Sea in May 2004) with controlled additions of natural phytoplankton and ice algal assemblages, and laboratory-cultured 13C-labeled ice algae (Nitzschia frigida, in 2004 only). We measured sediment respiration, pigments, lipid biomarkers, and compound-specific δ13C signals over the course of incubations. Both communities responded …

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Modeling Sensitivity Of Biodiffusion Coefficient To Seasonal Bioturbation, Pascal Lecroart, Sabine Schmidt, Pierre Anschutz, Jean-Marie Jouanneau Jan 2007

Modeling Sensitivity Of Biodiffusion Coefficient To Seasonal Bioturbation, Pascal Lecroart, Sabine Schmidt, Pierre Anschutz, Jean-Marie Jouanneau

Journal of Marine Research

Biodiffusion coefficient is the predominant parameter used to constrain biological activity in marine sediments. Bioturbation characterization is important because of the dominant role it plays on the flux determination through the sediment-water interface. Biological mixing is quantified through models of radionuclides diagenesis by both a biodiffusion coefficient (Db) and a mixed depth (L) under the basic steady-state assumption. Based on a new global compilation of radionuclide data in marine sediments and on previously published modeling results, we show that short-live radionuclides are perfectly devoted to quantify biological mixing for sediments associated with λL2/Db lower than 125, λ representing …

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Notes On The Modeling Of Methane In Aging Hydrothermal Plumes, G. C. Nihous, S. M. Masutani Jan 2007

Notes On The Modeling Of Methane In Aging Hydrothermal Plumes, G. C. Nihous, S. M. Masutani

Journal of Marine Research

Marine hydrothermal vent fields represent a unique environment for the study of aerobic microbial methane oxidation because of high methane concentrations and limited spatial and temporal scales. Earlier data collected in lateral plumes at the Endeavour Segment of the Juan de Fuca Ridge, including methane concentration, methane oxidation rate and stable carbon isotopic composition (δ13C), are carefully interpreted with a suite of simple analytical models. Methane oxidation is defined with a rate constant k as a first order process with respect to both substrate and methanotroph concentration. This elementary formalism coupled with simplified representations of advection and …

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Greenland’S Island Rule And The Arctic Ocean Circulation, Terrence M. Joyce, Andrey Proshutinsky Jan 2007

Greenland’S Island Rule And The Arctic Ocean Circulation, Terrence M. Joyce, Andrey Proshutinsky

Journal of Marine Research

In order to explain observed southward water transport of 2-3 Sv through Davis Strait, a simple extension of Godfrey's (1989) Island Rule and a 2-D idealized numerical model simulations were made for the flow around Greenland. Godfrey's theory has been extended to permit inclusion of Bering Strait inflow and bottom friction to represent the dissipation supplied by the porous Canadian Archipelago in the modeled flow west of Greenland. In both models, the forcing has been applied in a quasi-steady manner to the circulation via climatologic wind stresses and using wind forcing for the high and low Arctic Oscillation (AO) index …

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Neonatal Respiratory Distress Syndrome As A Function Of Gestational Age And The Lecithin/Sphingomyelin Ratio, Caryn M. St. Clair Jan 2007

Neonatal Respiratory Distress Syndrome As A Function Of Gestational Age And The Lecithin/Sphingomyelin Ratio, Caryn M. St. Clair

Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library

This study was designed to derive predictive logistic regression equations to allow the risk of neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) to be defined as a function of both the lecithin/sphingomyelin (L/S) ratio and gestational age. We hypothesize that the optimal cutoff value will vary significantly depending on gestational age, and that our data will support the need to account for gestational age when interpreting test results. Data was collected via a retrospective chart review. Women who underwent amniocentesis for the purpose of assessing fetal lung maturity at Yale-New Haven Hospital from 1998 to 2004 were identified and included if delivery …

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Medicine@Yale July/August 2007 Volume 3, Issue 4, Yale School Of Medicine Office Of Communications Jan 2007

Medicine@Yale July/August 2007 Volume 3, Issue 4, Yale School Of Medicine Office Of Communications

Medicine@Yale - development newsletter

Medicine@Yale : advancing biomedical science, education and health care was a print and online newsletter which published news about academics, research and philanthropy for alumni, donors, faculty, students and the general public. It was initially published 6 times a year and then changed to a quarterly schedule. The first issue came out June/Jul. 2005. The final issue was published in May/June 2022, vol. 17, issue 1. Published by Yale School of Medicine, Office of Communications.

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Financial Stability Report 2007, Bank Of Ireland Jan 2007

Financial Stability Report 2007, Bank Of Ireland

Documents

Central Bank & Financial Services Authority of Ireland

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Pierre-Olivier Gourinchas - U.S. Monetary Policy, 'Imbalances' And The Financial Crisis Answers To Follow-Up Questions, Sent June 14, 2010, Pierre-Olivier Gourinchas Jan 2007

Pierre-Olivier Gourinchas - U.S. Monetary Policy, 'Imbalances' And The Financial Crisis Answers To Follow-Up Questions, Sent June 14, 2010, Pierre-Olivier Gourinchas

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No abstract provided.

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Sec Follow Up Exhibits Part E, United States: Securities And Exchange Commission (Sec) Jan 2007

Sec Follow Up Exhibits Part E, United States: Securities And Exchange Commission (Sec)

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No abstract provided.

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Northern Rock Plc Annual Reports And Accounts 2006, Northern Rock Asset Management Jan 2007

Northern Rock Plc Annual Reports And Accounts 2006, Northern Rock Asset Management

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No abstract provided.

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