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Effects Of Feedback And Incentives On The Use Of Academic Skills, Jose E. Candia

Masters Theses

This research investigates the notion that the combination of feedback and incentives are essential components for the maintenance of effective academic skills with undergraduate students on academic probation. This notion is in contradiction to the assumption underlying remedial activities in most universities, where it is assumed that once the students have acquired the skills through workshops or texts they will continue to use them.

The use of the academic skills of lecture note-taking, comprehensive reading, and critical reading was studied with three undergraduate students. That use was measured prior to the intervention, during workshops of training, when feedback alone was …

Journal Of Sociology & Social Welfare Vol. 13, No. 4 (December 1986)

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

Table of Contents

• The Definition of Social Problems: Differing Perceptions of Israeli Social Workers and Women - VARDA MUHLBAUEP, CLAIRE RABIU, NADINE HOLLANDER - pp. 701
• Professional Contacts and Perceived Occupational Prestige - MOSHE SHERER - pp. 721
• Social Worker's Satisfactions: Methodological Notes and Substantive Findings - Y. MELLER, D. MACAROV - pp. 740
• Social Service Needs of Migrants in Limbo; Israelis in New York - JOSEF KORAZIM - pp. 762
• Holidays as Multiple Realities: Experiencing Good Times and Bad Times after a Disabling Injury - MARY JO DEEGAN - pp. 786
• Assessing the Needs of Mothers With Mentally Retarded …

Assessing The Needs Of Mothers With Mentally Retarded Offspring: An Empirical Approach, Jonathan Rabinowitz

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

This exploratory study assesses the needs of mothers with retarded offspring living at home. Previous studies have focused on meeting those parental needs which would benefit their retarded offspring. This study does not limit parental needs to those needs, which if met would benefit the retarded child, and defines parents as an independent group with special needs.

A Perspective On Differential Services In Counseling: Altruism And Likeness, James Latimore

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

In this exploratory study using a small sample, an attempt is made to understand the differential services provided by vocational counselors in a non-profit agency, a setting in which a strong identification with clients is encouraged. The services are measured and the unequal measures of service are related to the degree to which the client is seen as an image of the counselor in certain respects. Counseling is viewed as an altruistic occupation and the differential services are analyzed in this context. In general, it is suggested that the differential counseling and psycho-therapeutic services noted by other writers all reflect …

A Report Of An Internship In Coloma Community Schools, Coloma, Michigan, David A. Defields

Masters Theses

The objective of this report is to describe the 240 hour internship completed with the Coloma Community School System, Coloma, Michigan. The majority of the intern's time was devoted to work on the school budget and the negotiating process. However, time was also spent in areas including co-op purchasing, insurance, energy conservation, vocational education and Chapter I fundinq.

Restraint Economics And The New Right: A Structural Analysis Of The Political Economy Of Social Services Cutbacks, John Butcher

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

Restraint by government in the area of social service spending in the 1980's has become an issue of grave concern for social service practitioners, planners, and administrators. The emergence in North America of neo-conservative economic policies has engendered a body of critical and provocative literature which examines the effects of "restraint economics".

Recent work in geography has sought to locate the supply-side trend within a framework of macro-level processes. These suggest that a declining public commitment to maintaining the social safety net is linked to broader structural changes in the workplace and spatial shifts of capital and industry (Dear & …

A Time-Management Procedure For Helping Graduate Students Accomplish Academic Tasks, Yousef Abdulwahab Abuhmaidan

Masters Theses

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of time-management and a task checklist on task completion, the amount of study time and students' grade point average (GPA). A package consisting of a time-management calendar and a task checklist was provided to five Jordanian students. A multiple-baseline across subjects design was used. Individual weekly meetings were conducted to assess the progress of the students on the use of the time-management calendar and task checklist. Students were asked to bring proof of accomplishments for the completed tasks. During the study the completion of tasks went from 64.6% to 92.2% …

Increasing The Participation Rate For International Behaviorists At The Convention Of The Association For Behavior Analysis, Marsha Lee Benz

Masters Theses

This is a descriptive study that reviewed past participation of International behaviorists at the Association for Behavior Analysis (ABA) convention, to provide sore help to these presenters to improve the experience, and to disseminate behavioral information outside of the United States by trying to Increase International participation at the ABA convention.

These methods were used to Invite the behavioristsi (a) call for papers, (b) personalized invitations, and (c) poster invitations. Procedures used to improve the convention experience weret (a) an interest questionnaire, and (b) pre- and post-convention surveys.

Comparisons were made between the number of International presenters from years 1981 …

The Kalamazoo County Juvenile Home's Foster Shelter Care Unit: Toward An Evaluation, Michael John Underwood

Masters Theses

A formative evaluation of the Foster Shelter Care Unit was conducted in order to analyze the success/failure of the program during its firs t year of operation. Data on 77 cases were analyzed, and nine Independent variables and one dependent variable were bivariately tested 1n order to provide a theoretical explanation of the success/failure rate.

The evaluation was conducted 1n order to supply the Foster Shelter Care Unit with recommendations to enhance its success/ failure rate and to modify its existing policies.

The success rate for the unit was 48.1%, and it was found that the only significant association with …

Detection Of Deception In The Laboratory As A Function Of Motivation And Set Size, Daniel Mark Tuckett

Masters Theses

The purpose of this study was to determine the validity of the polygraph in a controlled laboratory setting. The Guilty Knowledge Test (GKT) was the procedure employed in conjunction with the galvanic skin subjects over the two trial each. Overall the polygrapher was correct 44 times, out of 80 trials. This number of detections exceeded chance (p<.001) levels. The manipulation of subject motivation with a monetary reward increased detection rates significantly (p<.05) in comparison to those offered money. With each subject being tested over two trials, there appears to be a habituation effect as indicated by a decrease in detection from trial one to trial two. The relationship fell slightly short of significance at the (p< .05) level. In general the level of the subject motivation may play a major role in the detection of subjects who attempt deceit.

Analysis Of The Effects Of Goal And Feedback Specificity On Subsequent Task Performance, Gregory Mark Van Dahm

Masters Theses

The effects of goal and feedback specifically on subsequent task performance were examined to text the hypothesis that specific goals and feedback facilitate performance to a greater degree than general goals and feedback (Ilgen, Fisher, & Taylor, 1979). Ten subjects, in each of the four conditions, were assigned one of two levels of goal specificity and feedback specificity and were then required to perform a simple assembly and sorting task utilizing multiple size and color fasteners. No significance was discovered between correctly assembled and sorted products of the four groups although there was a general trend in the hypothesized direction. …

Western News, Oct. 30, 1986, Western Michigan University

Western News (1972-2018)

Story highlights: Seven doctoral students named MLK/ Parks Fellows, Conor Cruise O'Brien to speak on 'trouble spots', WMUK achieves goal after short on-air appeal, Trustees approve extended 'marriage' with four Greek organizations on East Campus, Sky Broncos again capture regional title, Arts and Sciences Showcase today

Western News, Oct. 16, 1986, Western Michigan University

Western News (1972-2018)

Story highlights: Dybek named Distinguished Faculty Scholar, Service the key to success in the '90s; says Haenicke, Hope president; two others to be visiting scholars, Two centers to evaluate supported work under grants from mental health department

Western News, Oct. 9, 1986, Western Michigan University

Western News (1972-2018)

Story highlights: Four to receive Alumni Teaching Excellence Awards, Festivities and football-all part of Homecoming, Western thanks AMBUCS for scholarship program, Experts on psychology; health to be scholars, Retreat planned on decision making

Western News, Oct. 2, 1986, Western Michigan University

Western News (1972-2018)

Story highlights: La Quinta establishes $10,000 scholarship fund, Help with reading close at hand in center on campus, 159 spouses and dependents participate in new tuition remission program this fall, Board approves retirements of 23 faculty; staff, Philosopher to lecture on affirmative action

The Westerner Vol. 7 No. 2, Western Michigan University

The Westerner (1980-1997)

• Service to Grand Rapids and West Michigan has a long tradition • 1986 Teaching Excellence Award recipients announced • September 11 was a special day • New cost-cutting program gains national recognition • WMU Foundation elects six officers at annual meeting • Education department grant will fund training program • Missing class ring surfaces after seven-year absence • Traveling by commercial airline is safe, faculty member says • Attitudes must change if America is to solve its societal drug problem, expert contends • Most Michigan school superintendents favor consolidation-especially for other schools • Athletes pay attention to what, when …

Linguistic Development Of Children And The Syntax Of Basals, David L. Brown, L. D. Briggs

Reading Horizons: A Journal of Literacy and Language Arts

Children's ability to reflect upon language begins to appear about age two (Clark, 1978). During the early stages of language development, children correct their own pronunciations, question the appropriateness of speech styles, play with different linguistic units, and make judgments concerning language usage for varying situations (Clark, 1978). Children exhibit an increasing awareness of language with age and soon become aware of both the form and function of language. Their metacognitive skills become apparent as they progress from the simple to the more complex linguistic structures. Children's language acquisition and cognitive development continue to develop during the early years of …

Analysis Of Able And Disabled Sixth-Grade Readers' Knowledge Of Story Structure: A Comparison, Evelyn L. Kreine, Jane Ann Zaharias

Reading Horizons: A Journal of Literacy and Language Arts

Current research indicates that reading is a transactive process, suggesting that the background knowledge a reader brings to a text is at least as important as the text itself in determining comprehension (Goodman, 1984). Of particular interest here is the reader's tacit knowledge of typical organizational patterns which govern the structure of narrative texts, or what has been termed story schemata (Rumelhart, 1975, 1980).

Reading Horizons Vol. 27, No. 1

Reading Horizons: A Journal of Literacy and Language Arts

Complete issue of Reading Horizons volume 27, issue 1.

Long-Term Effects Of Clinical Intervention: An In-Depth Study, Barbara J. Rennie, Carl Braun, Christine J. Gordon

Reading Horizons: A Journal of Literacy and Language Arts

Numerous longitudinal studies attest to the concern regarding the long-term effectiveness of remedial programs (Balow, 1965; Balow & Blomquist, 1965; Buerger, 1968; Muehl &' Forell, 1973; Robinson & Smith, 1962; Shearer, 1966). While short-term improvement has been demonstrated repeatedly, the majority of the reported studies fail to demonstrate maintenance of achievement gains (Spache, 1980). The fact that follow-up studies persist (Bessai & Cozac, 1980; Gottesman, 1979; Ito, 1981; Miles, Foreman & Irwine, 1978) demonstrates an intuitive belief that remedial treatment should have lasting beneficial effects.

Teaching Young Remedial Readers To Generate Questions As They Read, Victoria J. Risko, Naomi Feldman

Reading Horizons: A Journal of Literacy and Language Arts

Poor readers are often characterized as passive learners who fail to select and apply strategies that will aid their comprehension. Activities designed to develop student use of strategies and self-monitoring may be especially helpful for students who are experiencing reading difficulty in school (Brown, Bransford, Ferrara, and Campione, 1983; Palincsar & Brown, 1984; Pearson & Gallagher, 1983).

One activity for enhancing reading comprehension is reciprocal questioning. Teaching students to reflect upon what they have read and to formulate questions about literal and implied meanings of the author can improve comprehension and encourage active monitoring. Previous investigations of reciprocal questioning in …

Examination Of The Basque Collectives: Lessons From One Of The World's Most Successful Community Organization Efforts, Charles H. Frost

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

The system of Basque collectives is recognized as the world's most effective worker owned system (Henk & Logan, 1982). It is a direct result of the community organization effort of Father Jose Maria Arizmendiarreta, who created an extremely progressive agenda under Spain's repressive Franco regime. Father Jose Maria's work will be explored in this paper and principles extracted that are important lessons for community organization teachers and practitioners.

The potential values of worker ownership have long been recognized; the ability of community organizers, however, to realize this potential has generally fallen far short. The worker owned enterprises in the Basque …

Revival Of Welfare Reform, Seung Ja Doe

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

It is a well known fact that poverty is prevalent among single mothers and children. Currently, the Aid to Families with Dependent Children (AFDC) program fails to provide for all children and single mothers in need of public assistance. Previous attempts to "reform" the welfare system have been unsuccessful. However, in the time when the poor's right for social welfare is increasingly threatened, ideas for welfare reform need to be revived. The author advocates for a threedimensional agenda for welfare reform: universal assistance to families with children, reinforced support for children with absent parents, and targeted employment programs for single …

The Sociology Of Alcoholism Counseling: A Social Worker's Perspective, Katherine Van Wormer

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

An occupation - alcoholism counseling - strives to gain professional status. Still a field largely dominated by counselors who derive their status more from personal attributes - the fact of being recovering alcoholics - rather than from achievement of impersonally applied standards, chemical dependency counseling is in a state of flux. This sociological analysis examines recent developments in the field. Special emphasis is on roles for social workers.

Collective Mobility And Fragmentation: A Model Of Social Work History, David Wagner

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

The author utilizes recent sociological approaches to professionalism in order to develop a dynamic conceptual model of the history of Social Work. Professionalization is understood as a social movement or "collective mobility project" of the lower middle class which has been the dominant force in Social Work for a century. This social movement seeks control and expansion of professional markets for services and recognition and sanction from elites. In each period of history, however, Social Work professionalizers have had to struggle against popular unrest and elite criticism aimed at the field. Challenges to Social Work professionalizers and their basic paradigms …

Peer Reinforcement For Social Work Training: An Evaluation, Robert W. Weinbach, Karen M. Kuehner

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

Techniques for peer reinforcement of social work training programs appear to be a promising complement to educational supervision. The authors conducted a quasi-experimental evaluation of its effectiveness for reinforcement of learning, of interviewing skills. Subjects were income maintenance workers in a large state public welfare agency. Findings indicated that peer reinforcement may have resulted in knowledge retention and use of skills which were superior overall to those demonstrated among trainees denied access to peer reinforcement techniques. Interpretation of findings and productive areas for future research are suggested.

Further Studies On Purification Of A Mannitol Binding Protein: Use Of Ph Gradients For Elution From Cation Exchange Resin, Kristyne Ann Baumgarten

Masters Theses

Studies on the purification of a mannitol binding protein (MBP) from Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO were performed. Utilizing the alkaline isoelectric point (pi 8.3) of MBP, pH gradients were used to elute MBP from carboxymethylcellulose cation exchange resins. Purification of MBP was monitored by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylam ide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). Only one protein band was seen on SDS-PAGE from MBP fractions elutedat pH 7-8 and 8 .2. Although pH gradients appear to give good purification from cation exchange resins, these procedures lead to loss of MBP activity.

Perceived Barriers And Proposed Solutions For Employment Of The Handicapped: Attitudes Of Employers And Employment Agencies, Leonard Robert Mcconnell Ii

Dissertations

The intent of this research was to analyze the employment barriers and to identify possible policy strategies for the unique employment problems faced by persons with handicaps. The study surveyed barriers to employment and proposed employment solutions for the handicapped as perceived by private- and public-sector employers and employment agencies. The handicapped and six disability groups were compared with women, blacks, and Hispanics on the same barriers and solutions. It was hypothesized that: (1) the handicapped as a protected group faced more and different employment barriers than did women, blacks, or Hispanics, and therefore (2) the handicapped needed more and …

The Effects Of Vocal Instructions And Sequence Of Conditions On The Acquisition And Maintenance Of Behavioral Chains, Charles L. Lowe

Dissertations

Five children, ages 5 to 6 1/2 years, were trained to learn and relearn four-link behavioral chains using conditioned reinforcement. Subjects were presented with a horizontal array of 12 chips in four equal groups. During Control Learning (CL) sessions, a new sequence of responses was learned through contingency shaping. The same sequence was presented later that day during a Control Relearning (CRL) session. Instruction on correct responses was provided during Instruction Learning (IL) sessions. The same sequence was presented without instruction during an Instruction Relearning (IRL) session later that day. Thus, new behavioral chains were acquired during CL and IL …

A Logistic Discriminant Analysis Of Factors Affecting The Attrition And Retention In An Outpatient Treatment Program For Female Alcoholics, James Loser

Dissertations

The study was conducted in the context of three conditions related to alcoholism which impact Western society: the destructive effects of the disease, the paucity of research concerned with female alcoholics, and the problems of early termination from residential treatment.

The specific purpose of the study was to investigate the feasibility of using demographic and personality variables of female alcoholic outpatients at a residential facility to: (a) predict probable program completion for female residents at the time of admission and (b) predict probable premature terminations at the time of admission.

The Fundamental Interpersonal Relations Orientation Behavior Scale (FIRO-B) and the …