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The Gut Microbiome And Trimethylamine N-Oxide: Implications For Chronic Disease Risk And Dietary Regulation, Connor W. Nevin

Mountaineer Undergraduate Research Review

The leading causes of death in the United States include many chronic diseases with modifiable risk factors including ischemic heart diseases. Gut microbiota-dependent trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) synthesis has been implicated in cardiovascular disease risk in recent years. New evidence may also implicate TMAO involvement in other chronic diseases including diabetes mellitus and chronic kidney disease. The role of diet in TMAO synthesis has also been of considerable interest, as certain dietary precursors are known to modulate circulating TMAO. The gut microbiome is indeed susceptible to diet-induced change which may modulate the risk for chronic disease. Plant-based diets are considered by …

Full Issue

Mountaineer Undergraduate Research Review

No abstract provided.

Ex Libris, Fall 2020, West Virginia University Libraries

Ex Libris: The WVU Libraries Magazine

KEEPING EVERYTHING MOVING FORWARD The Libraries helped the University community continue their academic journey and research pursuits during the pandemic.; ACHIEVING SUFFRAGE One hundred years ago, West Virginia legislators met at the State Capitol in Charleston to ratify the Nineteenth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution, which extended voting rights to women; WVRHC RECEIVES FIFTH NEH GRANT TO DIGITIZE HISTORICAL NEWSPAPERS So far, the WVRHC has digitized more than 400,000 pages from more than 60 historical West Virginia newspapers.

Undefeated - Jim Crow Laws Ended With The Civil Rights Act, Or Not? Exhibit Panel, Sally Brown

Undefeated Exhibit Panels

No abstract provided.

"Alexa, Call My Lawyer!" Determining Liability For Unauthorized Purchases Made On Voice-Based Virtual Assistants, Mark Giancaspro

West Virginia Law Review

No abstract provided.

Spatial Transportation Modeling, Christian Werner

Web Book of Regional Science

Transportation modeling is both one of the valuable job skills offered by scientific geography and a topic that can serve to develop analytic intuition. This book is designed for the student receiving a first exposure to the transportation problem as well as an introduction to the formal modeling of geographic phenomena. Transportation modeling is a good and particularly useful example of the sharing of paradigms and methodologies between scientific geography and other sciences. Professor Christian Werner’s geographical approach should be of particular interest to students and followers of the literature not only in human geography but also in operations research, …

Spatial Diffusion, Richard Morrill, Gary L. Gaile, Grant Ian Thrall

Web Book of Regional Science

This volume is about how we come to have the culture and ideas we have. Most social and economic change is a direct consequence of the diffusion of some idea or phenomenon. Ideas become diffused through society in a regular manner, and because of this regularity their diffusion can often be analyzed and even predicted. The same analytical framework applied to describe and predict the spread of some cultural or human phenomenon, such as political turmoil, can also be applied to an analysis of the spread of disease. The authors chronicle the evolution of ideas for analyzing, simulating, and forecasting …

Point Pattern Analysis, Barry N. Boots, Arthur Getls

Web Book of Regional Science

Points on a map can represent many important phenomena, including towns, stores and centers for shopping, industrial locations, parks, archaeological sites, plant and animal species, the home site of a person with a possible environmentally related disease, and so on. The authors introduce readers to the general analysis of the location of points on maps. Map patterns are assumed to result from one or more spatial processes in the human or physical world. Often the causal forces are known, but more frequently, researchers seek to identify them. The analysis of the spatial pattern of the phenomena under study can be …

Lessons From A Camp Counselor, Jenna Chapman

Calliope

No abstract provided.

Full Issue

Calliope

No abstract provided.

A Spatially Distributed Investigation Of Stream Water Temperature In A Contemporary Mixed-Land-Use Watershed, Jason P. Horne, Jason A. Hubbart

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

Stream water temperature (◦C) is an important physical variable that influences many biological and abiotic water quality processes. The intermingled mosaic of land-use/land-cover (LULC) types and corresponding variability in stream water temperature (Tw) processes in contemporary mixed-land-use watersheds necessitate research to advance management and policy decisions. Water temperature was analyzed from 21 gauging sites using a nested-scale experimental watershed study design. Results showed that forested land use was negatively correlated (α = 0.05) with mean and maximum Tw. Agricultural land use was significantly positively correlated (α = 0.05) with maximum Tw except during the spring season. Mixed development and Tw …

Measuring Pasture Height For Pasture Availability., Edward Barrow Rayburn

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

Discusses the relation between pasture height and forage mass available for grazing.

And Lettuce Is Nonanimal: Toward A Positive Theory Of Voluntary Action, Roger A. Lohmann

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

Much recent conceptual and theoretical effort to identify and define the kinds of voluntary action that take place outside households, economic markets and governments has a consistent emphasis on negation: It seems to define these matters by what they are not: not for profit, or nonprofit, nongovernmental, unproductive, inefficient, examples of contract failure, market failure, government failure and more. This paper is a beginning effort to shift the emphasis to the positive and the describe and explain what voluntary action is and what it consists of. It proposes the beginnings of an economics of common goods production, and differentiates such …

States, Localities And Public Health, David Gartner

West Virginia Law Review

No abstract provided.

Insiders And Outsiders On The Gay Community In Weimar Berlin, Jordan Nistendirk

Munn Scholars Awards

The visibility of Berlin’s gay population began following 1871, when Paragraph 175 of

the German penal code outlawed sex between males. The implementation of this statute triggered fervent activism from German homosexuals and scientists fighting for its repeal. By the 1920s, Berlin was viewed as an international “gay capital,” a hotspot for homosexual tourists and other figures seeking to engage with the thriving queer culture that existed there. According to Robert Beachy, Berlin was uniquely suited to become a global epicenter of homosexual culture after the Great War, due to the intersection of advocacy efforts by scientists and self-identified homosexuals, …

Home Rule In West Virginia, Robert M. Bastress Jr.

West Virginia Law Review

No abstract provided.

Regulating Care Robots, Valarie K. Blake

Law Faculty Scholarship

Care robots already assist the elderly in some nursing homes around the globe and could be in widespread use in hospitals and private homes sooner than we think. These robots promise great hope for patients: robots can provide increased independence, assistance with daily living, comfort and distraction during procedures, education, and companionship during vulnerable and lonely times in patients' lives. Despite these promising features, there are a number of concerns; care robots, designed with the aim of winning patient trust and affection, have unprecedented access to personal lives as well as recording and sensory capabilities beyond any human. They pose …

Home Rule And West Virginia: Looking Back At The West Virginia Home Rule Pilot Program From Its Inception In 2007 To Its Statewide Enactment In 2019, Jesse Richardson, Bob Bastress, Ryan Simonton, Paul Ellis

West Virginia Law Review Events

No abstract provided.

Regional Industry Cluster Analysis For The Potomac Highlands Region Of West Virginia, Jing Chen, Randall Jackson

Bureau of Business & Economic Research

Industry clusters are defined as “a form of network that occurs within a geographical location, in which the proximity of firms and institutions ensures certain forms of commonality and increases the frequency and impact of interactions.”1 In this report we identify existing industrial clusters for the Potomac Highlands region in West Virginia and examine potential industries or clusters for economic development. The primary objective of this study is to use a variety of tools to analyze the industry cluster structure for Potomac Highlands and evaluate the strengths and gaps of existing industry clusters. Our cluster analysis comprises three parts: (1) …

An Economic Profile Of The Potomac Highlands Region In West Virginia, Eric Bowen, Christiadi, Brian Lego

Bureau of Business & Economic Research

West Virginia’s Potomac Highlands region—consisting of Grant, Hardy, Hampshire, Mineral, and Pendleton counties—experienced a significant economic disruption in 2015 when the Sugar Grove Naval Station closed its doors. The Naval Station, which was designed to monitor communications transmissions for the military and National Security Agency, made a significant contribution to the Pendleton County economy, and to the broader Potomac Highlands region. This study is part of a series of reports from West Virginia University researchers at the Bureau of Business and Economic Research, the Regional Research Institute, and the Brownfields Assistance Center that evaluate the Potomac Highlands region’s economy and …

An Action Plan For Economic Prosperity In The Potomac Highlands Region Of West Virginia, Eric Bowen, Patrick Kirby, Monica Miller

Bureau of Business & Economic Research

In this final report, we summarize our findings and provide a Strategic Action Plan for the Potomac Highlands region. First, we assess the previous strategic plans covering the region, followed by an analysis of interviews the project team conducted with dozens of employers and other leaders in the community. Lastly, we make our recommendations to enhance the Potomac Highlands region’s economic prosperity.

The Rise To Dominance Of Genetic Model Organisms And The Decline Of Curiosity-Driven Organismal Research, Sarah M. Farris

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

Curiosity-driven, basic biological research “…performed without thought of practical ends…” establishes fundamental conceptual frameworks for future technological and medical breakthroughs. Traditionally, curiosity-driven research in biological sciences has utilized experimental organisms chosen for their tractability and suitability for studying the question of interest. This approach leverages the diversity of life to uncover working solutions (adaptations) to problems encountered by living things, and evolutionary context as to the extent to which these solutions may be generalized to other species. Despite the well-documented success of this approach, funding portfolios of United States granting agencies are increasingly filled with studies on a few species …

Tuning The Size And Composition Of Manganese Oxide Nanoparticles Through Varying Temperature Ramp And Aging Time, Celia Martinez De La Torre, Jasmine H. Grossman, Andrey A. Bobko, Margaret F. Bennewitz

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

Manganese oxide (MnO) nanoparticles (NPs) can serve as robust pH-sensitive contrast agents for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) due to Mn2+ release at low pH, which generates a ~30 fold change in T1 relaxivity. Strategies to control NP size, composition, and Mn2+ dissolution rates are essential to improve diagnostic performance of pH-responsive MnO NPs. We are the first to demonstrate that MnO NP size and composition can be tuned by the temperature ramping rate and aging time used during thermal decomposition of manganese(II) acetylacetonate. Two different temperature ramping rates (10°C/min and 20°C/min) were applied to reach 300°C and NPs were aged …

Massive Pulmonary Embolism In A Recent Intracranial Hemorrhage: Case Report Of Inhaled Nitric Oxide To Improve Outcomes, Abhinav Mittal, Anne P. Mittal, Edward Rojas, Hatim Al-Jaroushi

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

Acute massive pulmonary embolism (PE) has a high mortality if left untreated. The mainstay of treatment is systemic thrombolysis which has some absolute contraindications like intracranial hemorrhage (ICH). Inhaled nitric oxide (iNO) is a selective pulmonary vasodilator that decreases pulmonary artery pressure (PAP) and allows the right ventricle of the heart to pump against less resistance. We present a case of iNO use to improve hemodynamics in a patient with a recent ICH. We believe this to be the first such case reported.

A 70-year-old female with a history of PE on Eliquis initially presented for weakness and was found …

Opening Large-Conductance Potassium Channels Selectively Induced Cell Death Of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer, Gina Sizemore, Sarah Mclaughlin, Mackenzie Newman, Kathleen Brundage, Amanda Ammer, Karen Martin, Elena Pugacheva, James Coad, Malcolm D. Mattes, Han-Gang Yu

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

Background

Unlike other breast cancer subtypes that may be treated with a variety of hormonal or targeted therapies, there is a need to identify new, effective targets for triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). It has recently been recognized that membrane potential is depolarized in breast cancer cells. The primary objective of the study is to explore whether hyperpolarization induced by opening potassium channels may provide a new strategy for treatment of TNBC.

Methods

Breast cancer datasets in cBioPortal for cancer genomics was used to search for ion channel gene expression. Immunoblots and immunohistochemistry were used for protein expression in culture cells …

The Research Repository @ Wvu Impact Report, 2018-2020, Ian Harmon, Debra Borrelli

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

The Research Repository @ WVU was launched in October 2018 to serve as the institutional repository for West Virginia University and a corner stone of the WVU Libraries Scholarly Communications & Publishing Program. The repository collects, preserves, and showcases creative and scholarly works from WVU faculty, staff, and students and makes them available to readers worldwide.

This report highlights the growth and impact of the Research Repository since its launch in October 2018. Statistics reported are accurate as of November 30, 2020.

Experiences Of Multidisciplinary Health Professionals From A Culinary Medicine Cultural Immersion: Qualitative Analysis, Melissa D. Olfert, Rachel A. Wattick, Rebecca L. Hagedorn

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

Purpose: Increasing Culinary Health Opportunities for Professionals (iCHOP) aimed to educate future and current health pro- fessionals on nutrition as medicine. Methods: Two cohorts each participated in a 16-week course followed by a cultural immersion in Tuscany, Italy. The course took place online through West Virginia University. After the course, participants traveled to Tuscany, Italy for a 2-week cultural im- mersion. The online course covered culinary medicine, the Mediterranean Diet, and cultural comparisons. The cultural immersion consisted of hands-on activities including culinary lessons, food production and organic farm tours, and tastings of Mediterranean foods. Data was collected through personal journaling …

Eb4cast Approach Improves Science Communication With Stakeholders In A College-Based Health Program, Melissa D. Olfert, Makenzie L. Barr, Rebecca L. Hagedorn, Rachel A. Wattick, Wenjun Zhou, Tanya M. Horacek, Anne E. Mathews, Kendra K. Kattelmann, Tandalayo Kidd, Adrienne A. White, Onikia N. Brown, Jesse Stabile Morrell, Lisa Franzen-Castle, Karla P. Shelnutt, Carol Byrd-Bredbenner, Terezie Tolar-Peterson, Geoffrey W. Greene, Sarah E. Colby

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

Communicating scientific results with community partners is often lacking in intervention programs, thus eB4CAST was developed to facilitate impact sharing. This article investigated using the eB4CAST dissemination tool to communicate impact from a campus-based obesity prevention program. Data from Get Fruved RCT university sites collected at baseline were used to generate eB4CAST reports. Experts (n = 13) and RCT sites (n = 15) were asked to provide feedback on eB4CAST reports based on appeal, understanding, and clarity. On all Likert items, participants rated above 7 on each (out of 10). Positive responses from open-ended questions included eB4CAST reports being clear, …

Once Upon A Time In Tarantino’S West: Persistence Of The Western As An American Fairy Tale, Beth Jane Toren

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

Traditionally associated with fairy tales, “Once upon a time” invites us to suspend disbelief, leave time behind, and be transported to an alternative world. Sergio Leone’s Once Upon a Time in the West (C’era una volta il West, 1968), a follow-up to his Dollars Trilogy, invites us to visit “The West” not as a historical landscape but a surreal domain. Like the fairy-tale worlds of Grimm or Perrault, or in the film medium of Leone’s, Quentin Tarantino’s cinematic universes invite the audience to experience another dimension entirely. Not surprisingly then, his ninth film Once Upon a Time in …

Wvrhc Newsletter, Fall/Winter 2020, West Virginia & Regional History Center

West Virginia & Regional History Center Newsletters

Frank C. Gaylord Archives Document Life and Work of a Great American Sculptor; A Note on the Coronavirus Pandemic and “COVID Stories” Project