Digital Commons Network^™

A Linear Programming Analysis Of Several Determinants Of Profit On A Simulated Northern Utah Dairy Farm, Jay Dee Atwood

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The purpose of the study was to analyze several determinants of profit on a simulated northern Utah dairy farm. A linear programming model was developed to accomplish this. Optimal conditions on the farm were estimated and then other model applications were made to evaluate the importance of milk price, cropland ownership, and corn silage production and feeding. The significance of cow quality also was estimated.

Optimal conditions on the farm gave rates of return to capital between savings rates and loan rates obtainable at a financial institution. Marginal values derived for land did not support the current asking price of …

Mule Deer Reproduction And Survival In The Lasal Mountains, Utah, Randall B. Smith

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus) reproduction and survival on the LaSal Mountains, Utah were studied from 1978-81. Reproductive rates were high, suggesting that summer and fall forage quality was adequate and was not responsible for low recruitment observed in recent years. The combined fetal rate, determined from laparotomies and carcasses, was 1.72 for all females older than 1 year (N = 114). Fetal rates were 1.15 for yearlings (N = 20), 1.80 for prime females (2-7 years, N = 78), and 1.75 for old females (8+ years, N = 16). No evidence of breeding was found among fawns (N …

Growth Of Targhee And Targhee Crossbred Lambs On Utah Rangelands, Holly Ann George

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Growth data were collected on 1848 Targhee and Targhee crossbred lambs from the Utah Agricultural Experiment Station flock at Cedar City for 1981 and 1982. The study objectives were to establish growth curves for seven lamb genotypes and examine within genotype growth differences among four grazing treatments (sheep alone, sheep and cattle mixed, both continuous and rotation).

Body weights were measured at birth, and at mean ages of 56, 120, and 154 (weaning) days of age. Linear, quadratic, and cubic regressions of weight on age were used to establish growth curves. Among genotype comparisons of entire growth curves were impossible …

The Effects Of So2 On N2-Fixation, Carbon Partitioning, And Yield Components In Snapbean, Phaseolus Vulgaris L., Stephen M. Griffith

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The primary air pollutant sulfur dioxide has been shown to affect plant biochemistry and physiology, although very little is known about its effects on N₂-fixation in legumes.

This study was designed to determine if N₂-fixation, carbon partitioning , and productivity are affected under short term low level, so₂ exposures.

Greenhouse grown snapbeans (Phaseolus vulgaris L. cv. Earliwax), 29 days from planting, were exposed to 0.0, 0.4, and 0.8 parts per million sulfur dioxide for 4 hours day^-1 for 5 days in a fumigation chamber. At these concentrations there was no visible damage of …

The Photoregulation Of Phenylpropanoid Metabolism And Amino Acid Accumulation In Triticum Aestivum (Var. Fremont), Daniel J. Guerra

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) grown in controlled environments with a 24-hour photoperiod was analyzed for phenylpropanoid and amino acid metabolites. Discrete spectral environments, including a metal halide, high-pressure sodium and low-pressure sodium lamps, provided both photosynthetically active radiation and phenylpropanoid inducing fluences of light. A greenhouse spectral environment supplemented with fluorescent lamps was also used to culture wheat. All four spectral environments were used to culture wheat to maturity separately. The activities of phenylalanine and tyrosine ammonia-lyase were photoinduced in wheat tissue obtained from plants grown in the metal halide, high-pressure sodium and greenhouse spectral environments. These enzyme activities are …

Alteration In Serum Enzyme Levels, Activity Of Hepatic Monooxygenases, And Hepatocyte Morphology Due To Liver Enzyme Inducers In Microtus Montanus, Jeffrey Robert Hincks

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Microtus sp. have been used in microcosm simulations of polluted environments. In this study, female Microtus montanus (mountain vole), 8 - 12 weeks of age, were pretreated with phenobarbital (PB), ß-naphthoflavone (BNF), or Aroclor 1254 (PCB) for 3 consecutive days. Doses ranged from 5 to 80 mg/kg for each pretreatment, while control animals received saline or corn oil only. The voles were sacrificed 1 day after the last dose of PB and 2 days after BNF and PCB. Hepatic microsomal enzyme activity of aniline hydroxylase (AH), p-nitroanisole-O-demethylase (PNA) and cytochrome C reductase (CCR) were measured in relation …

Effects Of A Wildfire On Seed Rain And Soil Seed Reserve Dynamics Of A Good Condition Sagebrush-Grass Rangeland In Central Utah, Mohamed Ali Hassan

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The objectives of this research were to investigate the ecological importance of soil seed reserves and seed rain on regeneration of a good condition sagebrush-grass range vegetation after a wildfire and draw conclusions leading to better understanding and management of such ecosystems. Investigations were conducted for two successive years on a community where major plants were neither rhizomatous nor sprouting. In such cases soil seed reserves and seed rain have to be the main source of regeneration. In addition to monitoring soil seed reserves and seed rain, vegetation changes during the past two years and the historical conditions of the …

Plant Responses To Clinostating And Mechanical Stress: Growth And Flowering Responses, Chauncy Steed Harris

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Plants rotated about a horizontal axis show certain growth responses. This research was designed to clarify which of the responses of clinostating are caused by gravity compensation and which are caused by mechanical stresses. Plants used were Xanthium strumarium L. (cocklebur) Chicago strain and Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. (tomato) cv. Rutgers. Six automated treatments that ran for five days were used to separate out the effects. Treatments were: 1) controls, 2) horizontal clinostat, 3) intermittent clinostat, 4) inversion (every 10 min), 5) invert and return, and 6) vertical rotation. Plant height and diameter changes were measured at ink dots with a …

Utah Science Vol. 44 No. 1, Spring 1983

Utah Science

1 CANNED RAINBOW TROUT D. T. Bartholomew, C. A. Ernstrom, and V. T. Mendenhall Canned trout is nudging canned tuna on grocery shelves thanks to a cooperative venture at USU. Trout meat that used to be lost to human consumption has been made available.

4 GRAPES TO MAKE YOUR OWN RAISINS J. L. Anderson, M. G. Weeks, W. A. Varga, G. Scott, and C. P. Brennand All grapes are not equal when it comes to converting them into raisins. Utah's climate makes local testing of varieties especially crucial. There are, however, varieties and raisin,-making techniques that can be recommended for …

A Review Of The Muscle Cell Cytoskeleton And Its Possible Relation To Meat Texture And Sarcolemma Emptying, D. W. Stanley

Food Structure

A review of the muscle cytoskeleton is presented. Current evidence leads to the concept of a muscle cell cytoskeleton consisting of at least two elements - gap filaments which are located parallel to the fiber ax~s and provide intracellular elasticity and tensile strength and intermediate filameots found in the zdisc area that function to connect adjacent Z- discs and promote lateral registration. The former constituent consists of the high molecular weight protein connectin (titinl while the latter is composed of the smaller protein desmin (skeletinl. Both proteins exist in filamentous form, are susceptible to proteolysis and are insoluble in physiological …

Development Of Microstructure In Set-Style Nonfat Yogurt - A Review, Miloslav Kalab, Paula Allan-Wojtas, Beverley E. Phipps-Todd

Food Structure

The development of microstructure in natural set-style nonfat yoghurt was stud i ed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). In addition to thin-sectioning and conventional SEM described in the literature, this review illustrates gelation of milk with micrographs obtai ned by rotary shadowing of casein micelles and their clusters. The existence of void spaces occupied by lactic acid bacteria in yoghurt was con finned by cold-stage SEM of uncoa ted specimens. The microstructure of yoghurt is affected by the preheat treatment of milk, bacterial starter cultures, total solids content , and the presence of thickening agents. …

The Effects Of Commercial Processing On The Structure And Microchemical Organization Of Rapeseed, S. H. Yiu, I. Altosaar, R. G. Fulcher

Food Structure

Rapeseed samples collected from different processing stages were obtained from one commercial crushing plant for the present investigation. The samples included (A) whole seeds, (B) flaked seeds, (C) press cakes, (D) solvent extracted meal, (E) desolventized meal and (F) cooled, desolventized meal . Frozen and/or glycol met hacrylate-embedded sections of the samples were examined using the techniques of fluorescence microscopy. Mechanical crushing tended to disrupt cell walls. After cooking and expeller pressing, individual protein bodies fused to form large masses encompassing phytin containing globoids. Storage lipids also coalesced into larger droplets. Most of the oil was removed after solvent extraction …

Food Microstructure

Food Structure

No abstract provided.

Winter Injury Of Sagebrush And Other Wildland Shrubs In The Western United States, United States Department Of Agriculture, Forest Service

Forestry

The objective of this paper is to briefly review winter injury of plants and shrubs in particular, document the observed winter injury of 1976-77, and correlate the occurrence with weather records.

Infection Of Oriental Mustard By Nematospora: A Fluorescence And Scanning Electron Microscope Study, Richard A. Holley, Beverley E. Phipps-Todd, Suk H. Yiu

Food Structure

Fluorescence light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy were used to study penetration by the yeast Nematospora caryli through the seed coat and into the embryonic tissues of oriental mustard seed (Brasslca iuncea).

Infection of the seed was associated with its physical injury; however, it was evident that the yeast was capable of successfully invading healthy plant cells. The pathological process was followed in parallel using both the above types of microscopy. Foci of yeast infection on the seed coat outer surface were characterized by swelling of the infected epidermal cells. Nematospora hyphae were seen in the lumina of the seed …

B-Glucans In The Caryopsis Of Sorghum Bicolor (L.) Moench, C. F. Earp, C. A. Doherty, R. G. Fulcher, L. W. Rooney

Food Structure

Fluorescence microscopy was used to determine the location of B- glucans in sorghum. Sections from three genetically different sorghum cultivars were stained with Calcofluor or Congo Red , fluorochromes which have been reported to react with 13-glucans. Autofluorescence, indicative of ferulic acid in other cereals, was observed in untreated sections. When stained sections were treated with endo -B-glucanase , fluorescence was reduced or entirely eliminated in pericarp, aleurone and endosperm cell walls. 13-Glucans were i so lated from the endosperm of three sorghum cultivars. When reacted with the two dyes, Calcofluoror Congo Red , precipitates formed immediately, a reaction which …

Evaluation Of Selected Properties Of Chlorinated Wheat Flours In A Lean Cake Formulation, J. Grider, E. A. Davis, J. Gordon

Food Structure

Cake flours treated with different levels of chlorine were evaluated by use in a Kissell cake formulation. Flour particle size distributions varied with chlorination level, but pH and specific gravity of the batters did not differ. Batter viscosity differences were observed at specific temperatures during heating of total batters. Temperature profiles differed positionally in the cakes, but these patterns of heat penetration were not related to level of chlorine treatment. However, water loss rates differed depending on the level of chlorine treatment indicating a more pronounced effect of chlorination level on the water loss characteristics of the cakes during the …

Food Microstructure

Food Structure

No abstract provided.

Growth And Activity Of Juvenile Mosquitofish: Temperature And Ration Effects, Wayne A. Wurtsbaugh, J. Cech

Watershed Sciences Faculty Publications

The effects of constant temperatures (10, 15, 20, 25, 30, and 35 C) and ration size on the growth rates and activity of juvenile mosquitofish Gambusia affinis (mean wet weight, about 20 mg) were measured in laboratory experiments. On ad libitum rations of Tubifex spp. worms, food-consumption rates of mosquitofish were very high, ranging from 7% dry body weight/day at 10 C to 83%/day at 35 C. Growth increased from 0% dry body weight/day at 10 C to 21%/day at 30 C and declined slightly at 35 C. Gross efficiencies (100 growth/food consumption) increased from 0 at 10 C to …

Decomposition Rates Of Aspen Bole And Branch Litter, W.E. Miller

Aspen Bibliography

No abstract provided.

Utah Science Vol. 43 No. 4, Winter 1982

Utah Science

87 LUNG DISEASE MORTALITY IN UTAH MINERS (1959-1978) S. H. Kan and J. E. Brockert Miners have long suffered from diseases associated with their occupation. Data are examined relative to disease occurrence and resultant death rates.

90 IMPROVING BLACKBRUSH RANGES R. D. Provenza, J. E. Bowns, J. C. Malechek, P. J. Urness, and J. E. Butcher Blackbrush may be small in size, but it has king-size, tough spines. Using goats and controlled grazing, researchers are finding ways to optimize livestock use of this shrub. The results of four years research are reported here.

96 IMPACT OF TRADE LIBERALIZATION ON UTAH …

Progress Report For The Dairy Research Advisory Board, Various Authors

Other Documents

No abstract provided.

Studies Of Selected Predators Of Black Grass Bugs (Labops Hesperius Uhler And Irbisia Brachycera Uhler) On Ranges Of Utah, Jaime Eduardo Araya

Biology

The activity of selected arthropod predators on both immature and adult black grass bugs, Labops hesperius Uhler and Irbisia brachycera Uhler, in infested Utah ranges was investigated. Adult Nabis alternatus was found to the most important predator of black grass bugs, especially in early spring, when nabids were the most abundant predaceous species. Immature nabids consumed the bugs but because of their smaller size they preyed mostly on leafhoppers, smaller plant bug nymphs and other immature nabids. A shortwinged species of Nabis (probably N. vanduzeei) showed good potential as a predator of adult Labops and Irbisia in laboratory feeding tests. …

Utah State University Commencement, 1982 – Main Campus, Utah State University

Commencement Programs

Eighty-Ninth Annual Commencement of Utah State University

Toxicological Effects Of Extracts Of Cestrum Parqui L'Héritier In Mice, Tomás A. López

Biology

Cestrum parqui L'Heritier is a Solanaceous weed of wide distribution throughout the world. It causes poisoning of animals, particularly cattle and sheep, and constitutes a serious problem for animal production in some countries. The present study was undertaken to develop a biological test for the detection of toxicity of extracts obtained from the plant. This test will be utilized to assess the toxicity of extracts obtained from the plant in future studies. The plant is known to induce poisoning in laboratory animals, but there are no precise references on doses to be utilized and of appropriate routes of dosing. Oral …

Factors Affecting The Expression Of Resistance In The Sugarbeet To The Sugarbeet Root Maggot Tetanops Myopaeformis (Von Röder), Glenn G. Mahrt

Biology

This study was initiated to determine some of the biological and environmental factors affecting the expression of resistance in beet breeding lines to the sugarbeet root maggot. Findings will help to define the most appropriate conditions for testing and provide a better understanding of the mechanisms involved in resistance. Laboratory and field studies were conducted to (1) determine the effect of plant age, soil type, soil nutrition, and soil moisture on larval development and oviposition; (2) determine the effects of these conditions on the expression of resistance; and (3) search for possible morphological or physiological root characteristics related to plant …

A Study Of Drought Effects On Livestock Feeds And Products In The Western United States, Robert E. Blakeslee

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Through the use of a regionalized Linear Programming model, a profit maximized optimal solution was obtained for livestock feed and product production for a selected base year (1979). Production data, seasonality, transfer activities, and herd liquidation are developed for ten feeds and seven livestock products and incorporated within the model. Two drought induced simulations were imposed affecting feed production and feed prices, procuring new optimal results. Drought is simulated by the use of crop-weather indexes and range response equations.

Results are discussed and presented in tables for the base year and drought simulations. Results include profits, costs, feed and livestock …

Marital Satisfaction As It Related To Agreement On Money Matters And Money Management Competence Among Utah State University Married Students, Carol S. Young

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The primary purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between marital satisfaction, agreement on money matters, and money management competence among married couples at Utah State University . A sample of 43 student couples responded to a written questionnaire designed to measure the three variables. On all three variables measured, high scores indicated that both spouses rated themselves high on marital satisfaction, agreement on money matters, and money management competence. A positive relationships was found to exist between the four correlations, the strongest for both partners being marital satisfaction with agreement on money matters. The correlation, marital satisfaction …

The Social Transmission Of Attractiveness Stereotypes: An Investigation Of Parental Expectations Of Children's Behavior, Marianne White Hicken

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Eighty-six children from the Utah State University Child Development Laboratories and Hillcrest Elementary School and their parents participated in the study.

The study focused on the use of attractiveness stereotyping used by children across four age groups. The study also analyzed the social transmission of attractiveness stereotypes from parents to their children.

The study included two parts: 1) a play-preference measure, and 2) a social attribution measure. The stimuli were sketches of twelve children, six toys and six girls. The sketches of children included attractive, unattractive, mesomorphic, endomorphic, handicapped and non-handicapped children. In the study we found that parents and …

Nocturnal Emissions: A Comparative Study Of Male Experiences And Reactions, Barbara Shively Mathews

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

This exploratory study examined the differences between males who have and males who have not experienced nocturnal emissions. There were 104 males between the ages of 18 to 41 who participated by completing a sexuality pretest and a nocturnal emissions questionnaire. The respondents' information and education about sexuality, reactions to nocturnal emission ejaculation or the lack of ejaculation, dream frequency levels of nocturnal emissions, and the effect of other sexual outlets upon the frequency of nocturnal emissions were assessed. Results revealed that in this sample the males who did not experience nocturnal emissions had received less sexual information than males …