Digital Commons Network^™

A Product Development Study: Rainbow Trout Bologna, Marshall Dean Smith

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Mechanically deboned rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) was analyzed and then used in texture studies. The meat contained a moderately low amount of fat (10% ± 2%, x ± SD). Pre-deboned meat had more calcium than deboned meat (P < 0.001). Sausages were made of fish and various non-meat ingredients including egg whites, collagen, soy protein isolate, starch, cellulose, and wheat gluten. Adhesiveness, cohesiveness, hardness, shear and springiness of the cooked sausages were measured to describe texture. The data were fit to linear and quadratic models. Adhesiveness data did not fit the model (F(6,50)=1.1, P > {F{=0.37). A combined response model predicted formulations for fish sausage that would closely duplicate the texture of commercially available processed meats. A thermal model was developed that helped verify the thermal properties of rainbow trout. Thermal conductivity was measured (k == 0.48 W/m·K) and specific heat was calculated (C_p= 3200 J/kg·K).

Fathers And Sons: An Examination Of Distancing Patterns During Adolescence, Mark Ogletree

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Although there has been a new wave of research on fathering, little has focused specifically on the father and son relationship during adolescence. Previous research has documented that fathers and their daughters tend to distance themselves and disengage at the onset of menarche; however, the study and analysis of what happens to fathers and sons during the onset of puberty has been practically neglected. Several studies through the mid 80s and early 90s documented that parents and children tend to separate during adolescence, but only scant research has been conducted since that time. The goal of this study was to …

Influence Of Type Of Supplemental Carbohydrate On Ruminal Responses And Methane Output From Ruminants Consuming Low-Quality Forage, Raul J. Lira

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

In a completely randomized design with a factorial arrangement, three energy supplements and two species (cows and ewes) were evaluated in two identical experimental periods: gestation and lactation. The three supplement treatments were a control, barley, and sugar beet pulp (SBP). The basal diet was tall wheatgrass straw (5.52% CP).

Forage and total dry matter intake (FDMI and TDMI, respectively) interacted (P=.04) with species, supplements, and physiological stages.

An interaction of physiological stage and sampling time occurred for pH. Supplement and sampling time interacted for butyric acid proportion and total VFA concentration.

Diet digestibility displayed an interaction between …

The Impact Of The Ideal Thin Body Image On Women, Nicole Hawkins

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Researchers and clinicians have postulated that the thin-ideal image portrayed in the media leads to body dissatisfaction and negative self-appraisals among women; however, there is little research that has directly examined the effects of these images on women. The purpose of this research investigation was to experimentally examine the effects of exposure to the thin-ideal on women's affect, self-esteem, body satisfaction, and level of internalization of the thin body image. This study also assessed how the thin-ideal image differentially impacted women with a diagnosed eating disorder. College women (N = 145) were randomly exposed to photographs from popular magazines …

Navajo Adolescent Pregnancy: Identifying Ecocultural Factors Among Adolescent Mothers And Their Infants, Jessiline Anderson

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Understanding the adaptational responses and ecocultural niche of the Navajo adolescent mother from her perspective provides a richness of information about a little-studied population. The overall purpose of this study was to explore the ecocultural factors determined to be significant in the decision of a Navajo adolescent mother to remain in high school or drop out of high school. Thirty Navajo adolescent mothers recruited from two small reservation towns in eastern Arizona participated in the study. Navajo adolescent mothers in the study participated in a one and one half hour semistructured accommodations interview, and completed a Family Resource Scale and …

Effects Of Perceived Sugar Or Chocolate Intake On Self-Reported Food Cravings, Mood States, And Food Intake: A Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study, Lara J. Schultz

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Many dieters and compulsive overeaters report that sugar and chocolate are the most commonly craved foods. Further, many individuals have proclaimed themselves to be "addicted" to sugar or chocolate. It remains unclear, however, what factors lead to report of specific food addictions. A number of researchers have suggested that highly repetitive consumption of sugar and chocolate may result from various physiological processes (e.g., neurochemical imbalances, glucose/insulin malfunctioning). However, there is also considerable evidence that psychosocial factors (i.e., expectancies, classical, and operant conditioning) play the major role in the development and maintenance of excessive sugar/chocolate intake. Empirical studies examining factors that …

Nest Success Of Dabbling Ducks In A Human-Modified Prairie: Effects Of Predation And Habitat Variables At Different Spatial Scales, Jaime E. Jimenez

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Nest success of dabbling ducks in the Prairie Pothole region of North America has been declining for the past 40 years in parallel with declines in duck populations. Low nest success seems to result from the combination of an extremely fragmented breeding ground in a human-dominated landscape with an abundant and expanding community of generalist nest predators. Studies that examined variables associated with nest vulnerability to predation have produced contradictory results, likely because of simplistic approaches, lack of spatio-temporal replication, use of artificial nests, and the effect of confounding variables. I attempted to clarify the equivocal findings of previous studies …

Influence Of Grazing, Fire, And Rainfall Regime On Plant Species Dynamics In An Ethiopian Perennial Grassland, Michael J. Jacobs

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The dominant habitat-type of Omo National Park (ONP), Ethiopia, is grassland. This grassland supports a variety of wild herbivores and indigenous people; the latter hunt large herbivores for subsistence or graze their domestic livestock in the Park. Therefore, an understanding of grassland dynamics is a high priority for ONP management. Grazing and fire are major factors influencing species composition and vegetation change in East African grasslands. Rainfall regime, in turn, can influence both grassland response to grazing and fire. The ONP grasslands occur along a rainfall gradient ranging from subhumid to semiarid. Research objectives were to: (1) test the Milchunas, …

Lecture 24: Freedom Crashed Down On Me, Carol A. O'Connor

Last Lectures

No abstract provided.

1998 Annual Report, Various Authors

Annual Reports

No abstract provided.

Influence Of Capsular And Ropy Exopolysaccharide-Producing Strepococcus Thermophilus On Mozzarella Cheese And Cheese Whey, B. L. Peterson, R. I. Dave, Donald J. Mcmahon, C. J. Oberg, Jeff Broadbent

Nutrition, Dietetics, and Food Sciences Faculty Publications

We investigated the effect of capsular and ropy exopolysaccharide-producing Streptococcus thermophilus starter bacteria on Mozzarella cheese functionality and whey viscosity. Mozzarella cheeses were manufactured with Lactobacillus helveticus LH100 paired with one of four S. thermophilus strains: MR-1C, a bacterium that produces a capsular exopolysaccharide; MTC360, a strain that secretes a ropy exopolysaccharide; TAO61, a nonexopolysaccharide-producing commercial cheese starter; and DM10, a nonencapsulated, exopolysaccharide-negative mutant of strain MR-1C. As expected, cheese moisture levels were significantly higher in Mozzarella cheeses made with exopolysaccharide-positive versus exopolysaccharide-negative streptococci, and melt properties were better in the higher moisture cheeses. Whey viscosity measurements showed that unconcentrated …

Food Storage Cooking School, Rebecca Low, Deloy G. Hendricks

All Archived Publications

No abstract provided.

Tryptophan Catabolism By Lactobacillus Casei Andlactobacillus Helveticus Cheese Flavor Adjuncts, S. Gummalla, Jeff Broadbent

Nutrition, Dietetics, and Food Sciences Faculty Publications

Microbial degradation of Trp is thought to promote the formation of aromatic compounds that impart putrid, fecal, or unclean flavors in cheese, but pathways for their production have not been established. This study investigated Trp catabolism by Lactobacillus casei and Lactobacillus helveticus cheese flavor adjuncts under carbohydrate starvation (pH 6.5, 30 or 37°C, no sugar) and near cheese-ripening (pH 5.2, 4% NaCl, 15°C, no sugar) conditions. Enzyme assays of cell-free extracts indicated that both species of Lactobacillus catabolized Trp to indole-3-lactic acid, and micellar electrokinetic capillary chromatography of culture supernatants showed this reaction occurred via successive transamination and dehydrogenation reactions. …

Utah 4-H Wildlife Habitat Evaluation Manual, Terry A. Messmer

Wildland Resources Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Conditioned Food Aversions: Principles And Practices, With Special Reference To Social Facilitation, Michael H. Ralphs, Frederick D. Provenza

Behavioral Education for Human, Animal, Vegetation, and Ecosystem Management (BEHAVE)

Conditioned food aversion is a powerful experimental tool to modify animal diets. We have also investigated it as a potential management tool to prevent livestock from grazing poisonous plants such as tall larkspur (Delphinium barbeyi), white locoweed (Oxytropis sericea) and ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa) on western US rangelands. The following principles pertain to increasing the strength and longevity of aversions: mature animals retain aversions better than young animals; novelty of the plant is important, although aversions can be created to familiar plants; LiCl is the most effective emetic, and the optimum dose for cattle …

Bovine Somatotropin In Milk, Charlotte P. Brennand Phd, Clell V. Bagley Dvm

Archived Food and Health Publications

Publication discusses the controversy associated with Bovine Somatotropin in milk.

Raising Beef Cattle On A Few Acres, Dale R. Zobell, Craig Burrell, Clell Bagley

All Archived Publications

No abstract provided.

Water Storage, Georgia C. Lauritzen

All Archived Publications

No abstract provided.

Causes And Control Of Spontaneous Cardiomyopathy Or Roundheart Disease In Utah Turkeys, David D. Frame, Robert E. Buckner, Gary L. Anderson

All Archived Publications

No abstract provided.

Manure Best Management Practices, Jessica Davis, Richard Koenig, Robert Flynn

All Archived Publications

No abstract provided.

Utilization Of Turkey Waste Material In Beef Cattle Diets, Dale R. Zobell, Gary Anderson, Clell Bagley

All Archived Publications

No abstract provided.

Nitrate Analysis, Nilton N. Cometti

Nutrients

A presentation detailing five different ways to analyze nitrate levels in plant tissues in an effort to find a suitable, fast and reliable method of doing so.

Clonal Variation In Above- And Below-Ground Growth Responses Of Populus Tremuloides Michaux: Influence Of Soil Warming And Nutrient Availability, J.S. King, K.S. Pregitzer, D.R. Zak

Aspen Bibliography

No abstract provided.

Yield Comparisons And Unique Characteristics Of The Dwarf Wheat Cultivar 'Usu-Apogee', Bruce Bugbee, G. Koerner

Dwarf Crops

Extremely short, yet high yielding cultivars of all crop plants are needed to optimize the food production of bioregenerative life support systems in space. In the early 1980's, we examined over a thousand wheat genotypes from the world germplasm collection in search of genotypes with appropriate characteristics for food production in space. Here we report the results of 12 years of hybridization and selection for the perfect wheat cultivar. 'USU-Apogee' is a full-dwarf hard red spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivar developed for high yields in controlled environments. USU-Apogee was developed by the Utah Agricultural Experiment Station in cooperation with …

Utah Science Vol. 59 No. 1, Fall 1998

Utah Science

2 THE BUSY LIFE OF SOIL

7 DIRT FOR SUPPER

13 LAND AND THE NEW BLM

16 HELPING THE SOIL STAY PUT

18 SOIL ON THE MOVE

22 WORMS ON A PEDESTAL

The Internet: Emergent Technologies In Two West African Countries, Jim Rogers

English Faculty Publications

Being connected for most Africans means something completely different from most of us in more (technologically) "developed" countries. Compared to those who have virtually unlimited and relatively cheap access to e-mail and the World Wide Web (WWW), most Africans have limited access to e-mail only. Outside of South Africa, which hosts 70 full Internet Service Providers (ISPs); Egypt, which hosts 25; and Morocco, which hosts 15, most African countries have well under 10 ISPs, the average being loser to 1 or 2 (Jensen, 1998). This example demonstrates the diversity of the African continent; one cannot simply typify the African example. …

13th Biennial Cheese Industry Conference, Various Authors

Cheese Industry Conference

No abstract provided.

Habitat Conservation Plan For Utah Prairie Dogs In Iron County, Utah, Iron County Commission, Utah Division Of Wildlife Resources

All U.S. Government Documents (Utah Regional Depository)

The Utah prairie dog is a federally threatened species that occurs only in southwestern Utah. A large proportion (65%) of the total population of Utah prairie dogs occurs in Iron County, and a high percentage (86%) of those (2,456/2,843 in 1997) occur on privately owned lands. Population growth in Iron County has averaged more than 6% over the last five years, and is expected to continue at least at the same pace, and possibly as high as 10% (Colgan 1997). The increase in both residential and commercial development in Iron County has been the greatest in Cedar City, but has …

Plant Growth Conditions In Spaceflight And Pathogenicity Of Microbes, Binh Huynh, Anne J. Anderson

Utah Space Grant Consortium

In spaceflight conditions, plants are subjected to a variety of environmental stresses which may promote microbial growth and potential pathogenicity. Among the changes that may occur in the plant is a decrease in freely available carbohydrates, resulting in the microbe having to look for alternative carbon sources. A seed-borne fungal endophyte, an Acremonium species, was identified as the symptom-causing agent in Super Dwarf seedlings grown in a spaceflight mission in 1995. Plants bearing the endophyte grew without symptoms in the greenhouse in open conditions. The isolated Acremonium grew well on different carbohydrates available in wheat leaf apoplastic fluids as well …

Phytotoxicity Of Pseudomonas Chlororaphis Strain O6: Role Of Phenazines And Implications For Biocontrol, Elizabeth Thomas

Biology

Phenazines, the water-soluble pigments produced naturally by bacteria with distinct antimicrobial properties, have been implicated in the biological control of several plant diseases. Pseudomonas chlororaphis strain O6, obtained from the rhizosphere of wheat, is known to produce at least three different phenazines, which include phenazine-1-carboxylic acid, 2-hydroxyphenazine-1-carboxylic acid, and 2-hydroxyphenazine. A field trial conducted in the fall of 1994 to test the biocontrol properties of O6 indicated that this strain inhibited wheat seed germination, which led me to hypothesize that phenazines cause phytotoxicity. Mutants of O6 created by Tn5 lux insertion (Phz^- mutants) that did not produce the pigments …