Digital Commons Network^™

Why Animals Die From Eating Poisonous Plants, Usu Extension

All Current Publications

If animals can learn which plants are toxic and which are safe, then why do they eat poisonous plants and die?

Helping Dairy Producers Reduce The Scc, Clell Bagley

All Current Publications

Practicing veterinarians are in an excellent position to help dairy producers recognize and deal with the problem of elevated somatic cell counts (SCC). Yet they are seldom asked to assist. A high SCC is an indication of chronic, subclinical mastitis in the herd and is also an indication of significant economic losses.

Factors Influencing Grazing Tolerance, Behave

All Current Publications

This publication discusses the different factors that influence grazing intolerance.

Ingestion Of Toxic Plants By Herbivores, Behave

All Current Publications

This publication goes over the different types of toxins commonly produced by and found in plants.

Introducing Animals To New Foods, Behave

All Current Publications

This publication explains different ways of successfully introducing animals to new foods.

Palatability - More Than A Matter Of Taste, Behave

All Current Publications

This publication explores the theory that palatability is more than a matter of taste but is an interrelationship between a food's flavor and its postingestive effects.

Kiwi - Key To Nutrition!, Usu Extension

All Current Publications

Kiwifruits are grown in California and New Zealand. The kiwi is a fruit of a perennial vine, it is brown, egg sized and covered with fuzz.

No-Sugar Solution, Usu Extension

All Current Publications

Diabetes mellitus, or sugar diabetes, is recognized in many forms.

Mammal Research In Southern Africa: Present Patterns And Future Priorities, Johan T. Du Toit, L. S. Broomhall

Wildland Resources Faculty Publications

We conducted a survey to identify present patterns and future priorities for mammal research in southern Africa (countries including and southwards of Angola, Zambia and Tanzania). Two sets of peer-reviewed journals were scanned for papers on southern African mammal research over the period 1988-1998: one set comprised five journals published in South Africa; the other comprised 10 journals published abroad. For the same period we reviewed titles of M.Sc. and Ph.D. dissertations completed in zoology departments of South African universities. A questionaire was administered by e-mail to. 126 researchers active in mammal research in southern Africa, concurrently with a separate …

1991-1992 & 1996 Utah Usage Of Ems Services By Children: Year Iii Research Report, Intermountain Injury Control Research Center, U.S. Department Of Commerce

All U.S. Government Documents (Utah Regional Depository)

This study examined how Utah children used emergency medical services (EMS) and related hospital care in 1991-1992. The EMS and hospital records were linked using special software (probabilistic linkage) . The principal findings of the study concerned the care of young children less than 5 years of age. They received fewer procedures prior to being transported to a hospital and required more time at the scene for assessment. Some interventions such as splinting of fractured arms prior to transport to a hospital were related to reduced hospital charges. Ambulance and hospital charges for children were estimated to by $35,000,000 not …

Behavioral Checklist Forms, Unknown Unknown

All Current Publications

No abstract provided.

Utah Science Vol. 59 No. 3, Summer 1999

Utah Science

2 MAKI NG THE BEST OF MAKING HAY

5 BETWEEN A ROCK AND A HARD PLACE

11 FINDING A NICHE BY GOING ORGANIC

16 FINANCIAL PLANNING DOWN ON THE FARM

20 IN THE COOP

Synecology And Disturbance Regimes Of Sagebrush Steppe Ecosystems, Neil E. West

Wildland Resources Faculty Publications

The pre-Columbian mixed-growth form, composition, and structure of sagebrush steppes was mostly due to the highly variable semiarid climate and long fire-free intervals. The weak stability of this relatively complex vegetation was easily upset by excessive livestock grazing, especially in drought periods. After a few decades of uncontrolled livestock grazing, it was easy for introduced winter annuals, especially cheatgrass, to dominate the understory and alter the fire regime to larger, more frequent fires that occur earlier in the year. Accelerated soil erosion has caused many sites to lose the potential for management back toward native perennial dominance by controlling only …

A Novel Oxigraphy System Based On Oxygen Luminescence Quenching, Craig T. Flanagan

Utah Space Grant Consortium

A system suitable for real-time measurement of oxygen partial pressure (p02) in respiratory gas (oxigraphy) that is based on oxygen's ability to quench the phosphorescence of a lumiphore is described A description of currently used p02 technologies is provided followed by a description of the luminescence quenching p02 technology. A comparison of the technologies is made. The description of luminescence quenching p02 technology includes the operational theory and the advantages of the use of phosphorescence lifetime as opposed to phosphorescence intensity for p02 measurement. The clinical benefits of oxigraphy as well as a possible space-based application of luminescence quenching p02 …

Insights, Spring, 1999, Utah State University

Discovery Magazine

Bi-annual alumni newsletter for the College of Science of Utah State University in Logan.

Isolation, Cloning, And Identification Of Syringomycin E Action Genes Of Saccharomyces Cerevisiae, Stephen D. Stock

Biology

Members of the syringomycin family of antifungal cyclic lipodepsipeptides are produced by Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae strains as secondary metabolites. These metabolites are potent antifungal agents effective against a broad range of fungi. The antifungal mechanism of action of these compounds has been investigated using syringomycin E and Saccharomyces cerevisiae as a model fungal system. Mutants resistant to the growth inhibitory effects of syringomycin E were isolated after mutagenesis with nitrosoguanidine. These mutants were screened for the production of ergosterol and by complementation with syr2 mutants to eliminate mutants belonging to known syringomycin E-resistant complementation groups. From a total of …

Utah State University Commencement 1999 – Main Campus, Utah State University

Commencement Programs

103rd Annual Commencement of Utah State University

Prevalence And Possible Causes Of Vitamin B-6 Deficiency Among Women In The Philippines, Siew Sun Wong

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Recently maternal intake of multivitamins has been associated with a reduced risk of orofacial clefts (OFC) in human epidemiologic studies. In the Philippines, vitamin B-6 deficiency was found to be associated with increased risk of OFCs. The birth prevalence of OFCs in the Philippines is among the highest known, but Filipino emigrants in the United States have lower rates, indicating that environmental factors may play an important role in causing OFCs in the Philippines.

The prevalence and possible causes of vitamin B-6 deficiency were investigated through dietary and biochemical assessments in case-control study in Negros Occidental, Philippines. Mothers with OFC …

Child Language And Literacy Development: A Parenting Resource Handbook, Joan B. Harrison

Undergraduate Honors Capstone Projects

One night a few years ago, my husband and I stopped in a fast-food restaurant to grab a sandwich. We sat down at a table and our eyes were drawn to a table close by. A young woman in her teens sat at the table, with a small infant in a carrier next to her on the floor. She sat, staring out the window, sipping a soft drink. After a few minutes, the baby began to fuss and squirm. The young woman continued to stare out the window. Soon the baby began to cry, but even this evoked no response …

The Relationships Among Body Satisfaction, Self-Esteem, And Social Support In Undergraduate Men And Women, Sarah Murray Hodson

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Significant levels of body dissatisfaction exist among college women. Research has also shown levels of body dissatisfaction among college men. Numerous studies have been conducted to investigate the relationship between body dissatisfaction and self-esteem as well as the relationship between self-esteem and social support. Past research, however, has neglected to determine if a relationship exists between body dissatisfaction and social support.

This study sought to determine if this relationship exists for college men and women. The present study was also developed to test the relationships that have been found between social support and self-esteem as well as between self-esteem and …

Growth Of Clostridium Sporogenes Pa3679 In A Vacuum-Packaged Meat-Vegetable Product, Julie M. Racz

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Clostridium sporogenes PA 3679 spores were inoculated into a meat-vegetable mixture before extrusion, cooking, and vacuum packaging into "stewsticks" to simulate Clostridium botulinum growth. The experiment was a 3 x 5 x 2 x 3 factorial which determined the influence of pH, water activity, initial spore load, and storage period on spore survival. Spore levels decreased throughout storage for all treatments. Spore levels decreased linearly (P = 0.02) as water activity increased, in samples that were heated to kill vegetative cells and activate spores. Other significant interactions of heat-treated samples were observed with inoculum level (P < 0.01) and storage time (P < 0.01). Spore levels in stored products were also significantly affected by water activity * inoculum level (P = 0.03), pH * time, water activity * time (P = 0.01), inoculum level * time (P < 0.01), and water activity * inoculum levels * time (P < 0.01). The interaction between pH * water activity * time tended towards significance (P = 0.06). Most probable number estimates in nonheated samples accounted for naturally occurring viable cells and spores, and added spores and were significantly affected by the main effects of inoculum level (P < 0.01) and time (P < 0.01). The two-way interactions of water activity * inoculum level (P = 0.04), pH * inoculum level (P < 0.01), water activity * time (P < 0.01), and three-way interaction of pH * inoculum level * time (P = 0.03) were significant. Spore levels approached 10², or less …

Influence Of Carbohydrate Starvation On The Culturability And Amino Acid Utilization Of Lactococcus Lactis, Mark R. Stuart

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Lactococci are widely used in the cheese industry as a starter culture. Starter cultures face carbohydrate starvation due to the absence of a fermentable carbohydrate in the cheese curd after pressing. Starvation leads to a decreased ability to synthesize ATP, generate a proton motive force, and accumulate nutrients necessary to maintain viability. The aim of this work was to investigate the culturability of lactococci grown with and without lactose in a chemically defined medium, and to define the metabolic changes that occur during carbohydrate starvation.

Lactose metabolism provided energy for logarithmic phase growth and greater cell density in L. lactis …

Influence Of Commercial Starter Media On Biochemical Characteristics Of Lactococcus Lactus, Norman Bart Devries

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Five strains of Lactococcus lactis were inoculated individually into six commercial bulk set growth media, 11% non-fat dry milk (NDM), and Elliker's broth. After growth in each medium the strains were tested for rate of acid production, and activities of proteinase, aminopeptidase, and lipase/esterase. Growth in commercial starter media significantly influenced acid production rate (P = 0.040), aminopeptidase activity (P < 0.0001), and lipase/esterase activity (P < 0.0001) .

For selected strain/media combinations, the duration of induced aminopeptidase and lipase/esterase activity was followed. The chosen strains were grown in selected commercial bulk set media, reinoculated into 11% NDM, and enzyme activity was examined for five successive …

In Vitro Growth Of Muscle Satellite Cells Isolated From Normal And Callipyge Lambs, Beatriz T. Rodriguez

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The muscle hypertrophy of lambs expressing the Callipyge phenotype is possibly linked to characteristics of their muscle satellite cells. Therefore, characteristics (proliferation, fusion %, and protein accretion) of cultured satellite cells isolated from the longissimus muscle of Callipyge (n = 3) and normal (n = 3) lambs were compared in this study. In the first experiment, we tested whether or not the lll proliferation rates differ for satellite cells isolated from Callipyge or normal sheep when cultured in the presence of different serum types (horse, normal lamb, or Callipyge lamb). The average population doubling time (PDT, h) during log phase …

Studies On The Utilization Of Deboned Trout (Oncorhynchus Mykiss) Frames In Fish Snack, S. Muralidharan

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Snack food development studies were conducted to iii utilize trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) frames, a by-product of the filleting operation, using extrusion and conventional technology. Twin screw extrusion studies were conducted to study the effect of fish mince, non-fat dry milk, process temperature, and moisture content on the physicochemical properties of the extruded snack food. Response surfaces were plotted to understand the effects of the independent variables on dependent variables such as bulk density, expansion ratio, shear strength, and water absorption index. Quadratic models expressed the relationship between the dependent and independent variables.

Based on the extrusion studies, conditions …

The Development Of Pediococcus Species As Starters For Mozzarella Cheese, Shelby L. Caldwell

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Bacteriophage infection of Streptococcus thermophilus is a growing concern in the mozzarella cheese industry. One method to control this problem may be to replace S. thermophilus with a starter coccus from a different genus of lactic acid bacteria. This work evaluated the possibility of using genetically modified Pediococcus spp. for this approach. Electroporation was used to introduce genes for lactose utilization from Lactococcus lactis into strains of P. acidilactici and P. pentosaceus. The resulting lactose-positive transformants, P. acidilactici SAL and P. pentosaceus SPL-2, rapidly reduced the pH of lactose broth, accumulated [¹⁴C]lactose at a rate higher than …

Methanethiol And Cheddar Cheese Flavor, Benjamin Dias

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The use of slower acid-producing starter bacteria for the production of lower fat Cheddar cheese has lead to milder flavor Cheddar cheeses that lack intense Cheddar notes. The metabolism of methionine leads to the production of methanethiol, which is one of the desirable Cheddar cheese flavor compounds. The influence of NaCl and reduced pH was determined for aminopeptidase, lipase/esterase, and methanethiol-producing capability in selected lactic acid bacteria and brevibacteria in simulated cheese-like conditions. The activity of each enzyme decreased with NaCl addition and pH reduction to approximate a Cheddar cheese environment (5% NaCl and pH 5.2).

The mechanism for methanethiol …

Heat-Induced Gelation Of Ultrafiltered Whole Milk Concentrate And Product Applications, Hector Alejandro Solorio

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The heat-induced gelation properties of ultrafiltered (UF) whole milk concentrate were studied under different physical and chemical conditions. total solids concentration, homogenization pressures, heating temperatures, and heating times were found to have a positive correlation with gel strength. The addition of calcium chloride, sodium chloride, or trisodium citrate produced gels of higher strengths and textural properties than the gels obtained with non-salt-treated concentrate. Calcium chloride produced the strongest gels with a cheese-like texture and poor spreadability. Sodium chloride produced gels of intermediate strength with a firm, elastic texture and poor spreadability. Trisodium citrate produced the softest gels with a smooth, …

A Study Of The Effects Of Proteolytic Adjunct Culture On The Physical And Functional Properties Of Low-Fat Mozzarella Cheese, Roxanne Stone

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

As fat is removed from Mozzarella cheese, the resulting increase in protein content causes the cheese to become tough, thus decreasing the desired physical characteristics of meltability and stretch. Low-fat (6% fat) Mozzarella cheese was manufactured with the addition of several levels of a Lactococcus lactis adjunct culture that was proteinase positive and lactose deficient in an attempt to improve these physical properties. During cheese manufacture, milk was acidified to pH 6.0, then inoculated with Lactobacillus helveticus and Streptococcus thermophilus. Experimental vats were also inoculated with either 0.25, 0.50, or 1.0% of the adjunct culture. Cheeses made with the …

Heat-Stable Extracellular Enzymes Of Pseudomonas, Ramarathna Koka

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Psychotrophic bacteria produce heat-stable lipase, protease, and phospholipase. Pervious studies indicate the production of multiple enzymes in several strains of Pseudomonas fluorescens, but conclusive evidence is lacking.

The influence of culture conditions on the production and thermostability of phospholipase, protease, and lipase was investigated in 17 raw milk and environmental isolates. Production and thermostability of the enzymes were influenced by strain, stage of growth, and the culture medium. Cross-reactivity of antibodies raised to a purified protease and a commercial lipase indicated the immunological diversity of the enzymes.

Protease purification was undertaken to investigate the production of multiple proteases within a …