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Catabolism Of Amino Acids To Volatile Fatty Acids By Lactococcus Lactis, Balasubramanian Ganesan

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Lactic acid bacteria are essential as flavor producers of cheese and fermented products. They are capable of catabolizing aromatic, branched chain, and sulfur amino acids to flavor compounds. During cheese ripening the numbers of lactococcal colonies decrease, but lactococci survive without replication in culture. This prompted an investigation into possible mechanisms of catabolism of branched chain amino acids into branched chain fatty acids and the physiological relevance of amino acid catabolism to the bacteria. We hypothesized that lactococci catabolize branched chain amino acids to branched chain fatty acids during nonculturability.

Lactococci, lactobacilli, and brevibacteria catabolized both branched chain amino acids …

Prevention Of Childhood Obesity Among Low-Income Preschool-Aged Children, Ann Romero

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

To determine the effects of a targeted curriculum and dual program involvement on childhood overweight status among low-income preschool children, a nutrition curriculum was developed. Three Special Supplemental Food Program for Women Infants and Children (WIC) clinics participated in the study: the control clinic, a clinic which received the targeted curriculum, and a third clinic which received the targeted curriculum and referred participant families to the Expanded Food and Nutrition lll Education Program (EFNEP). Participants were followed for six months. Data collected included anthropometrics, dietary intake, and parental behaviors.

Results showed a decrease in body-mass index percentile, slight improvements in …

Evaluation Of Antioxidant Effectiveness And Sensory Attributes Of Chinese 5-Spice Ingredients In Cooked Ground Beef, Saumya Dwivedi

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

This study determined antioxidant and sensory effects of cinnamon, cloves, fennel, pepper, and star anise (Chinese 5-spice ingredients) in cooked ground beef. In experiment 1, thiobarbituric acid (TBA) values of cooked samples were measured during refrigerated storage. In experiment 2, trained panelists evaluated cooked samples for rancid, beef, and spice flavor intensity. Total aerobic plate counts were also measured.

Mean TBA values were high (3.4) for control samples. In previous studies, TBA values >1.0 were associated with unacceptably rancid cooked meats. At the lowest spice level of 0.1% of meat weight, all spices except pepper had lower TBA values than …

Effect Of Non-Metabolized Sweeteners On Health Parameters In Humans, Matthew Alan Leonhardt

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The demand for functional foods is on the rise. These are food products that, besides providing energy and nutrients for life, provide additional health benefits. Xylitol, a five-carbon sugar alcohol, is a possible functional food, as well as a sugar replacement. The cost of xylitol has led manufacturers to add inulin, a nondigestible oligosaccharide, as an extender. Both xylitol and inulin have been suggested to provide added health benefits beyond being a reduced calorie replacement for sugar. We tested their impact on several human health parameters (fecal weight, fecal pH, fecal % moisture, blood lipids, blood glucose, and fecal micro …

Diabetes, Cognitive Decline, And Alzheimer's Disease: The Cache County Study On Memory, Health, And Aging, Gene Charoonruk

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Studies have reported mixed results for people with or without diabetes with cognitive decline or Alzheimer's disease (AD). Cognitive decline and AD among people with diabetes will be the focus of much discussion since results have been controversial.

The study examined whether diabetes is associated with cognitive decline and whether it is an independent risk factor for the development of AD among elderly residents of Cache County, Utah.

Results revealed an association between diabetes and a lower average Modified Mini Mental State Examination (3MS) score of nearly a point lower at baseline. Results also showed an association between diabetes and …

Identification Of Factors Affecting Susceptibility To Depression And Influencing Quality Of Life In Adult Cystic Fibrosis Patients Based On Age-At-Diagnosis, Marlene Israelsen

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Approximately 10% of cystic fibrosis (CF) cases remain undiagnosed until age 18 or later and medical professionals are still unclear about the needs of these individuals. Adults with CF must either adapt to life with a chronic disease or transition into adulthood with CF. The purpose of this study was to address the impact of age-at-diagnosis on quality of life in a CF adult population.

The psychological functioning of 21 adult CF patients (seven adult-diagnosed (AD) and 14 pediatric-diagnosed (PD)) was assessed using the Beck Depression Index (BDI)-II. A descriptive review of demographic and clinical data, which included an assessment …

Nutrition Education For Parents Of Children With Cystic Fibrosis : Assessment Of Needs And Strategies For Improved Knowledge And Confidence In Self Care, Catherine M. Mcdonald

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Suboptimal growth and nutritional status are problematic for children with cystic fibrosis (CF). Optimal nutrition predicts better lung function and longevity. Daily nutrition therapy for children with CF requires adequate food resources, knowledge of appropriate nutrition and behavior management skills, and confidence in one's ability to correctly apply the necessary skills. The Mountain West Cystic Fibrosis Consortium Questionnaire (MWCFC-Q) was designed as an educational needs assessment for parents of children with CF. The goal was to identify areas of concern that could be targeted for educational intervention to ultimately improve children's growth and nutritional status.

Data analyzed from 305 returned …

Cattle Utilization Of Forage Kochia (Kochia Prostrata) And Its Relation To Forage Quality And Plant Morphological Characteristics, Burke W. Davenport

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Several experimental lines of forage kochia [Kochia prostrata (L. Shrad.)] have potential to provide taller forage on fall and winter rangelands than the only released variety of forage kochia, Immigrant. This study was conducted to determine differences in cattle utilization among experimental lines of forage kochia and relate them to forage quality and morphological attributes. The utilization of forage kochia was also compared to 'Ladak ' alfalfa [Medicago saliva (L.)] and two entries of winterfat [Krashnennikovia species (Guldenstaedt)]. Cattle utilization was determined by calculating a biomass consumed value and a percent biomass consumed value. Dry weights for …

Characteristics Of Ungulate Behavior And Mortality Associated With Wire Fences, Justin L. Harrington

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

I studied the characteristics of fence mortality in pronghorn (Antilocapra americana), mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus), and elk (Cervus elaphus) along roads in Colorado and Utah from June 2004 to June 2005. I defined a direct-fence mortality as a carcass caught directly in a fence and an indirect-fence mortality as a carcass on the ground within 10 m of a fence. I estimated an average annual direct mortality occurrence of 0.25 mortalities/km (0.078 mule deer mortalities/km, 0.113 pronghorn mortalities/km, and 0.061 elk mortalities/km). The highest fence-mortality rates for ungulates occurred during August, which coincided with …

Humic And Fulvic Acids: Effects On Plant Nutrition And Growth, Jason Tew

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Humic substances are reported to improve plant growth and nutrient uptake, with iron the most studied nutrient. The most common forms of iron in soils are iron oxides, which are stable under aerobic conditions and unavailable for plant uptake. Iron deficient plants become chlorotic, which reduces growth and yield. To determine if humic substances can reduce iron chlorosis, five commercially available organic acids were tested on maize grown in sand columns at high pH. The dry granular humic acid from Aldrich Chemical Company applied at 84.4 g/liter of sand by volume (5% by mass) and 1 g/liter added with irrigation …

Learning And Application Of Range Management Innovations Among Ranchers In West-Central Colorado, Caroline A. Kennedy

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Like many ranchers in the West, ranchers in West-Central Colorado are reevaluating their management strategies in the face of forces like drought, rising land prices, and encroaching development. While ranchers seek answers on alternative management strategies, research and Extension personnel search for adequate means of diffusing needed information. Relative to many rural western communities, ranchers in West-Central Colorado show high interest in alternative range management ideas, and many implement changes to their ranch management based on these ideas. This can partially be attributed to a unique support system of Extension and agency personnel with effective, untraditional outreach and land-management approaches. …

Assessing The Health-Related Service Needs Of People Living With Human Immunodeficiency Virus: A Review Of Ryan White Title Ii Needs Assessments, Ryan K. Loo

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The Health Resources and Services Administration (HRSA) allocated $940 million in 2002, through Title II of the Ryan White Comprehensive AIDS Resources Emergency (CARE) Act, to help states improve the quality and availability of health-related services for people living with HIV/AIDS. These resources are allocated based upon recommendations made by community planning committees, which in turn base their recommendations on HIV/AIDS needs assessments. A methodologically sound, comprehensive needs assessment is a critical component of effective resource allocation decisions. Poor needs assessments might lead to poor resource allocation decisions, which might have life-threatening consequences for people living with HIV/AIDS. Little is …

Working Memory Capacity, Temporal Discounting, And Exercise Rates, Kathleen Lambourne

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

During decision-making, an individual must weigh the value of the outcomes involved while also considering the amount of time until the outcomes will occur. Discounting occurs when a smaller, immediately available reward is chosen over a larger, more delayed reward. Discounting rates are likely related to working memory capacity, because working memory stores and processes the value of the outcomes. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between working memory, temporal discounting, and the decision to engage in physical activity.

The results showed that working memory capacity was related to the physical activity rates. Discounting rates from …

The Effect Of Anger Management And Communication Training On Functional And Quality-Of-Life Status In Fibromyalgia Patients, Alexandra Michele Stillman

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) is a debilitating condition that affects millions of individuals throughout the world. As of yet the specific etiology of this condition remains unknown and successful treatments remain in their infancy. Although several studies have focused on the emotional components of fibromyalgia, none have specifically addressed the issues of communication and anger that appear to be important among this patient population. The objectives of this study were to design a 4-week experimental group therapy treatment based on successful cognitive behavioral components and add anger management and communication components in an attempt to increase benefits to the overall well-being …

Use Of Prescribed Fire In Rangeland Management: A Training Manual, Eric Lamalfa, D. Layne Coppock

Environment and Society Faculty Publications

Course Outcomes

• Learn about the role of fire in rangeland ecosystems.
• Learn how to plan and implement a prescribed fire.
• Learn how to monitor fire effects to assist management decision-making.
• Make progress towards conceptualizing a community-based, fire management program on the Borana Plateau.

Storage Of Sunflower-Seeds: Variation On The Wax Content Of The Oil, Silvana Martini, Maria Cristina Anon

Nutrition, Dietetics, and Food Sciences Faculty Publications

Storage conditions of oil seeds before industrial extraction might influence the quality of the crude oil. The objective of this work was to study the influence of sunflower seed storage conditions (temperature and time) on the quality of the resulting oil in terms of its wax content and composition. Sunflower seeds were stored under different conditions, 10, 21 and 37 °C, in sealed recipients. Extractions of the seeds with hexane were made to obtain the oil at different storage times. The amount of oil extracted (25–40%) showed no significant differences with storage conditions. Wax content of the samples was determined …

Tomatoes - The Most Popular Of All Home Garden Vegetables, Larry Sagers

All Archived Publications

No abstract provided.

Industrial Evolution In Response To Changes In The Demand For Traceability And Assurance: A Case Study Of Chilean Salmon Aquaculture, Tyler K. Olson, Keith Criddle

Economic Research Institute Study Papers

The structure and organization of industries evolves over time in response to changes in the price and availability of inputs, changes in the demand for outputs and output attributes, and changes in technology. The growing demand for traceability and assurance is a change in the demand for credence attributes. Firms that are able to organize to provide traceability and assurance at low cost will, ceteris paribus, have an advantage. In recent years, many segments of the food and agribusiness industry have become more concentrated through horizontal or vertical integration within firms or within associations of firms (cooperatives). This paper explores …

Marketing Gm-Labeled Food Products In The United Kingdom: Can American Agribusinesses Do It Profitably?, Nathan S. Hill, Deevon Bailey

Economic Research Institute Study Papers

American food companies selling products in the European Union are faced with the dilemma of either segregating non-GM components as inputs in food products or labeling their products as containing genetically modified material. This paper presents an analysis of whether or not GM-Iabeled food products could be sold profitably in the United Kingdom. The results suggest that GM-Iabeled foods would likely appeal principally to a low-income segment of the market in the EU, but that selling GM food products might still be profitable.

Big Sagebrush Response To One-Way And Two-Way Chaining In Southeastern Utah, John A. Fairchild, James N. Davis, Jack D. Brotherson, Usda Forest Service

All U.S. Government Documents (Utah Regional Depository)

A decadent, mixed stand of Wyoming big sagebrush, Artemisia tridentata wyomingensis, and mountain big sagebrush, Artemisia tridentata vaseyana, located north of Cisco, Utah, was subjected to one-way and two-way chaining treatments in November 1987. The effect of the treatments on plant community characteristics and shrub vigor was documented over a 3-year period. Stand density was reduced 60 percent on sites chained two ways and 43 percent on sites chained over once. Shrubs on one-way chained sites produced more leader growth in 1989 and 1990 than those on untreated sites or sites chained two ways. Browse production on one-way chained sites …

Storing The Full Harvest, Larry A. Sagers

All Archived Publications

No abstract provided.

Sweet Corn For Utah Gardens, Larry A. Sagers

All Archived Publications

No abstract provided.

Growing More Vegetables: Vegetable Gardening In Utah, Larry A. Sagers

All Archived Publications

No abstract provided.

The Davis County Master Gardener Association, Larry A. Sagers

All Archived Publications

No abstract provided.

A Comparison Of Coconut Coir And Sphagnum Peat As Soil-Less Media Components For Plant Growth, Jason Holman, Bruce Bugbee, Julie K. Chard

Hydroponics/Soilless Media

Coconut coir, a by-product of the coconut industry, has been promoted as an alternative to peat moss in soil-less media. Sphagnum peat moss has long been a standard component of soil-less media, but some people have expressed concern that it is a non-renewable resource. Although it does not appear that world peat resources will be in short supply for a very long time, coconut coir may have characteristics that make it a useful component of soil-less media mixes. Coir has been considered to promote excellent plant growth but there are few rigorous studies that have compared it with peat moss …

The Value Of Information Provided By Fish Consumption Advisories, Paul M. Jakus, Christopher G. Leggett

Economic Research Institute Study Papers

No abstract provided.

The Search For A Common Language: Environmental Writing And Education, Melody Graulich, Paul Crumbley

All USU Press Publications

A stellar group of writers, scientists, and educators illuminate the intersections between environmental science, creative writing, and education, considering ways to strengthen communication between differing fields with common interests.

General Catalog 2005-2006, Utah State University

University Catalogs

Contains course descriptions, University college calendar, and college administration

Using Your Beans, Usu

All Current Publications

What food is high in protein, has virtually no fat, and has more fiber than most whole grain foods? The answer is BEANS! Now a new U.S. dietary guidance message says, “diets including beans may reduce your risk of heart disease and certain cancers.”

Cost Of Convenience Food Booklet, Diana Sagers

All Current Publications

Making wise food choices is particularly important for families on limited incomes. Today’s supermarket has thousands of foods to choose from. Penny-wise shoppers consider many factors when selecting groceries.