Digital Commons Network^™

School "Safety" Measures Jump Constitutional Guardrails, Maryam Ahranjani

Faculty Scholarship

In the wake of George Floyd’s murder and efforts to achieve racial justice through systemic reform, this Article argues that widespread “security” measures in public schools, including embedded law enforcement officers, jump constitutional guardrails. These measures must be rethought in light of their negative impact on all children and in favor of more effective—and constitutionally compliant—alternatives to promote school safety. The Black Lives Matter, #DefundthePolice, #abolishthepolice, and #DefundSchoolPolice movements shine a timely and bright spotlight on how the prisonization of public schools leads to the mistreatment of children, particularly children with disabilities, boys, Black and brown children, and low-income children. …

Tribal Opposition To Enbridge Line 5: Rights And Interests, John Minode’E Petoskey

Tribal Law Journal

This paper will examine the tribal interests at stake in the controversy surrounding Enbridge Oil Pipeline 5 (“Line 5”), and will explore why it is consistent with Michigan’s treaty obligations and public trust principles to remove the pipeline from the Straits of Mackinac. The Line runs beneath the Straits of Mackinac, the convergence of Lake Michigan and Lake Huron, and is nearly 70 years old. Should the pipeline burst, the resulting spill would irreparably harm fisheries in the Straits and impair tribal treaty rights to fish in the Great Lakes. Part I will provide a roadmap overview. Part II will …

A Call To Action For Librarians: Countering Conspiracy Theories In The Age Of Qanon, Stephanie Beene, Katie Greer

University Libraries & Learning Sciences Faculty and Staff Publications

Librarians empower learners to become discerning citizens through a set of diverse skills and literacies. To cultivate critical thinkers, librarians continue to build innovative practices, even as technology rapidly evolves. However, the pervasiveness of misinformation and disinformation, most recently seen in the conspiratorial worldviews of QAnon, challenges librarians to center critical thinking in their information literacy praxis. In this article, we provide a concise overview of QAnon and the problems that contemporary internet conspiracy theories like it pose. We offer an epistemological shift for information literacy, from heuristics to mindsets and behaviors, drawing on disciplines external to librarianship. Finally, we …

Planning And Hosting A Virtual Science-Fiction Event Series, Holly M. Surbaugh, Glenn Koelling

University Libraries & Learning Sciences Faculty and Staff Publications

As the University of New Mexico responded to the coronavirus pandemic with emergency building closures and a shift to online services, the University Libraries faced challenges making and maintaining personal connections with users in the absence of face-to-face contact. Recognizing that necessary public health restrictions isolated all students, faculty, and staff to some extent, a science librarian and an English librarian collaborated to develop a series of three Zoom-facilitated programs that provided fun activities (i.e., a movie watch party, a book discussion, and a team trivia game) to engage a socially distanced campus community while highlighting various library resources. They …

The Relationship Between Narrative Informativeness And Psychosocial Outcomes In Chronic Stroke-Induced Aphasia, Eileen Armes, Jessica Richardson, Rick Arenas, Lori Nelson

Speech and Hearing Sciences ETDs

Currently there is a gap in the literature in understanding the relationship between the newly categorized primary outcome measure of discourse and secondary outcomes related to psychosocial impact, such as participation, psychological impact, social well-being, or mood. In a large sample of persons with stroke-induced aphasia (N=115), this study analyzed discourse samples using main concept analysis to determine how discourse performance correlates with the secondary outcome measures ALA, CCRSA, GDS, and CIQ. As a secondary research question, the differences in these relationships dependent on severity was also explored. Results showed statistically significant positive correlations between main concepts (MCs) and ALA …

Molecular Studies On The Interactions Between Biomphalaria Snails And Schistosoma Mansoni, Lijun Lu

Biology ETDs

Biomphalaria snails serve as vectors for Schistosoma mansoni, a trematode causing human schistosomiasis. Control of Schistosoma mansoni involves chemotherapy of affected people, but new control methods built on improved understanding of schistosome-snail interactions are needed. My dissertation applies molecular and bioinformatics approaches to understand such interactions. Chapter 1 shows that significant differences exist among Biomphalaria species in Africa with respect to their ability to support schistosome development. Chapters 2 and 3 reveal the transcriptional responses of Biomphalaria glabrata susceptible (SUS) or resistant (RES) to Schistosoma mansoni. Chapter 2 identifies a new family of snail immune factors, the AIG …

Aamodt Litigation Settlement Completion, United States 116th Congress

Native American Water Rights Settlement Project

Amends the Aamodt Litigation Settlement Act (Pub. L. 11-291) to increase funding for Pueblo Water Facilities from $106.4 million to $243.4 million and making available $137 million for Regional Water System funding.

Navajo-Utah Water Rights Settlement Act, United States 116th Congress

Native American Water Rights Settlement Project

The purposes of this section are: (1) to achieve a fair, equitable, and final settlement of all claims to water rights in the State of Utah for (A) the Navajo Nation and (B) the United States, for the benefit of the Nation; (2) to authorize, ratify, and confirm the agreement entered into by the Nation and the State, to the extent that the agreement is consistent with this section; (3) to authorize and direct the Secretary (A) to execute the agreement and (B) to take any actions necessary to carry out the agreement in accordance with this section; and (4) …

Montana Water Rights Protection Act, United States 116th Congress

Native American Water Rights Settlement Project

The purposes of this Act are: (1) to achieve a fair, equitable, and final settlement of claims to water rights in the State of Montana, and in recognition of article I, and section 3 of article IX, of the Montana State Constitution for (A) the Confederated Salish and Kootenai Tribes of the Flathead Indian Reservation; and (B) the United States, for the benefit of the Tribes and allottees; (2) to authorize, ratify, and confirm the water rights compact entered into by the Tribes and the State, to the extent that the Compact is consistent with this Act; (3) to authorize …

Project Echo In Belarus: Outcomes Of 3-Year Experience, Olga P. Matylevich, Alexander B. Shushkevich, Pavel A. Perevoschikov, Siarhei A. Mavrichev, Kathleen M. Schmeler

Project ECHO Bibliography

No abstract provided.

Kob-4 Interviews Serge Martinez: Landlords, Tenants Feel Impact Of State Eviction Moratorium, Serge A. Martinez

Faculty Scholarship

"A lot of folks in New Mexico have month-to-month leases that come up for renewal every 30 days or so, and even folks that have longer leases, it's been nine months since the Supreme Court issues their order so a large percentage of leases in New Mexico have come up for renewal in that time period,” said Serge Martinez, a professor at UNM School of Law.

View story at KOB-4

Analytical And Clinical Sample Performance Characteristics Of The Onclarity Assay For The Detection Of Human Papillomavirus, Stephen Young, Laurence Vaughan, Karen Yanson, Karen Eckert, Aojun Li, James Harris, Aaron Ermel, James A. Williams, Mohammad Al-Ghoul, Catherine L. Cammarata, Stephanie N. Taylor, Ronald Luff, Charles K. Cooper, Barbara Van Der Pol

Pathology Research and Scholarship

The objective of this study was to determine the result reproducibility and performance of the BD Onclarity human papillomavirus (HPV) assay (Onclarity) on the BD Viper LT platform using both contrived and clinical specimens. Reproducibility was assessed in BD SurePath liquid-based cytology (LBC) medium (SurePath) using contrived panels (HPV genotype 16 [HPV16] positive, HPV18 positive, or HPV45 positive) or clinical specimens (HPV16, -18, -31, -33/58, -45, or -52 positive or HPV negative). In addition, specimens from 3,879 individuals from the Onclarity trial were aliquoted prior to or following cytology processing and tested for HPV. Finally, specimens were collected using either …

Three Chapters On Transportation And Its Impact On Employment And Health Visits For Low-Income Adults In The Southwest, Michael Hensley

Economics ETDs

Many barriers to employment and healthcare access in the United States exist. Barriers to employment include lack of education, homelessness, or a criminal background. Barriers to healthcare include lack of insurance, lack of medical knowledge, and the inability to pay for service. This dissertation examines the role of transportation access and if transportation access is a burden for employment and healthcare access in the Southwest United States. This dissertation also examines if those differences are different based on gender, race, and ethnicity. The 2017 National Household Travel Survey (NHTS) serves as the data source for this dissertation.

Chapter 1 gives …

Visualization Of Real-Time Displacement Time History Superimposed With Dynamic Experiments Using Wireless Smart Sensors And Augmented Reality, Marlon Frank Agüero Injante

Civil Engineering ETDs

Wireless Smart Sensor (WSS) process field data and inform structural field engineers and owners about the infrastructure health, condition, and safety. Engineers acquire the data and investigate changes on displacements under loads to make informed choices and prioritize decisions concerning maintenance, required repairs, and infrastructure replacements. However, reliable data collection and access to displacement information in the field in real-time under loads remains a challenge. The displacement data provided by the WSS in the field undergoes additional processing, and it is seen at a different location, at the decision-making headquarters. If inspectors were able to observe structural displacements in real-time …

Effects Of Chronic Stress On Anxiety-Like Behavior And Fear Learning In The Tgf344-Ad Rat Model Of Alzheimer’S Disease, Samuel James Bouquin

Psychology ETDs

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative brain disorder that leads to severe cognitive and functional impairments. Many AD patients also exhibit neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) such as anxiety and prior to the clinical diagnosis of dementia. The prodromal manifestation of NPS is highly prevalent among patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and the co-occurrence of preclinical NPS and MCI is associated with an increased risk of developing AD. Prolonged or repeated exposure to stress can result in behavioral disturbances (e.g., anxiety) and accelerated global cognitive decline. Importantly, AD patients exhibit altered stress systems and AD-related neuropathology has been linked to …

Cardiorespiratory And Metabolic Responses To Hexagonal Barbell Deadlift Task Performed At An Intensity Corresponding To The Anaerobic Threshold, Christopher C. Frankel Dr.

Health, Exercise, and Sports Sciences ETDs

The objectives of this study were to identify the lactate threshold (LT) and the first ventilatory threshold (VT) during resistance exercise in a discontinuous incremental test, determine if both thresholds were observed at the same relative workload, and to analyze the acute cardiorespiratory and metabolic responses during a separate constant load resistance exercise protocol. Twelve healthy, trained women (n = 6) and men (n = 6) performed a maximal running test on a treadmill followed by three protocols using the hexagonal bar deadlift (HBDL) exercise. The treadmill test was performed to determine maximal oxygen consumption, peak heart rate, and lactate …

Probing The Impacts Of Ultra-Low Platinum Loadings On Membrane Degradation Mechanisms, Andre J. Spears

Nanoscience and Microsystems ETDs

Membrane chemical degradation is one of many factors that can impact fuel cell durability. The fuel cell’s performance and lifetime heavily depends on the membrane and its ability to maintain chemical and mechanical integrity. In Nafion^® membranes, hydroxyl radicals are the primary cause of chemical membrane degradation as they attack the membrane’s polymer structure. Radical formation can ensue via peroxide decomposition at the cathode or gases reacting on Pt particles or contaminants like Fe (a fenton's reagent) within the membrane. As radicals attack the membrane’s polymer structure the membrane thins, and fluoride and sulfate ions are released. This consequently …

Mexican Americans' Perspectives On "Borderline Diabetes" In Amarillo, Texas, Priscella Pena-Correa

Nursing ETDs

The purpose of this study was to explore the meaning of and experiences living with “borderline diabetes” among Mexican American adults residing in or around Amarillo, Texas. Sixteen Mexican Americans who self-identified as having “borderline diabetes” participated. Research questions focused on how participants understood the condition, self-care practices, and recommendations for improving prediabetes healthcare and education. An interpretive description approach was used to analyze data from phone interviews. Principal findings revolved around issues of disclosure vs. secrecy, information seeking, and challenges or “struggle” to change lifestyle, particularly diet. Self-care was managed in a relational way with support of family, friends, …

Towards Understanding Power Grid Resilience To Early-Time (E1) High-Altitude Electromagnetic Pulses, Rodrigo Elias Llanes

Electrical and Computer Engineering ETDs

Fast transient electromagnetic disturbances can occur in the atmosphere from natural occurrences such as lightning and solar flares as well as those from manmade events such as that associated with a nuclear bomb detonation. These radiated signals couple into the transmission lines and components within the electric power grid. This has prompted an increased interest in grid resilience to the Early-Time (E1) High-Altitude Electromagnetic Pulse (HEMP). Three activities were conducted which further grid resilience research. First, power substations in the United States were assessed to develop accurate layouts to be used in radiated transmission line coupling studies. Second, three pre-existing …

Dissecting Regulation Mechanism Of Interdomain Electron Transfer In Nitric Oxide Synthases, Huayu Zheng

Chemistry and Chemical Biology ETDs

Nitric oxide (NO) is generated by one of the three isoforms of mammalian NO synthases (NOSs), neuronal, endothelial and inducible NOS (nNOS, eNOS, and iNOS, respectively). Dysregulated NOS is implicated in pathologies of numerous severe diseases including Alzheimer and Parkinson’s diseases. Molecular mechanisms of NOS regulation, once fully understood, are potentially key targets for development of selective new pharmaceuticals for treating these diseases that currently lack effective treatments.

Despite recent developments, there are significant gaps in current understanding of the regulation mechanism of the FMN-heme interdomain electron transfer (IET), an essential step in NOS, by its key regulators such as …

Prenatal Alcohol Exposure Alters Transcriptional Expression Of Stress And Tlr4-Related Immune Signaling Factors In The Brain Following Early Life Stress, Chaselyn D. Ruffaner-Hanson

Biomedical Sciences ETDs

Background: Depression and anxiety disorders, believed to be caused by stress-related neuropeptides and pro-inflammatory molecules in the brain, are prevalent comorbidities of fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD).

Methods: Brain tissue was collected following a 4-hour maternal separation stress during the early postnatal period, postnatal days 10 and 12, from mice subjected to 1^st and 2^nd trimester prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE).

Hypothesis: We hypothesized that PAE leads to glucocorticoid receptor insensitivity, stress molecule overexpression, and potentiated toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) pathway inflammatory responses in the brain following early life stress.

Results: PAE and stress increased mRNA expression of TLR4 …

Adult Hippocampal Neurogenesis As A Potential Therapeutic Target In Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders, Kymberly Cheyanne Gustus

Biomedical Sciences ETDs

This dissertation aims to determine if adult hippocampal neurogenesis is a potential therapeutic target in Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders (FASDs). Adult hippocampal neurogenesis plays important and unique roles in certain aspects of learning, memory, and mood (Anacker & Hen, 2017). Individuals with FASDs often demonstrate dysregulation in these arenas (Lewis et al., 2015; Temple, Cook, Unsworth, Rajani, & Mela, 2019). Previous work in our lab using a mouse model of prenatal alcohol exposure demonstrated impairment in enrichment-mediated adult hippocampal neurogenesis (Irene Y. Choi, Andrea M. Allan, & Lee Anna Cunningham, 2005; K. Kajimoto, A. Allan, & L. A. Cunningham, 2013). …

Copper Electrodeposition In Full Wafer Thickness Through-Silicon Vias, Rebecca P. Schmitt

Chemical and Biological Engineering ETDs

Through-silicon vias (TSVs) are a key interconnect technology for advanced packaging of microelectronic devices, and full wafer thickness TSVs are required for certain microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) applications. In this work, electrolytes containing copper sulfate, an acid, chloride, and Tetronic 701 suppressor were implemented for Cu filling of high aspect ratio (10:1), full wafer thickness TSVs. For each electrolyte system, rotating disk electrode voltammetry was used to identify a voltage range for bottom-up Cu filling in the TSVs. Die level feature filling was performed using voltage ramping, which moved active deposition through the vias to yield void-free Cu features. During voltage-controlled …

Role Of The Acid Sensing Ion Channel 1a In The Systemic Circulation, Selina M. Garcia

Biomedical Sciences ETDs

Acid-sensing ion channel 1a (ASIC1a) is a non-selective cation channel that is expressed in vascular smooth muscle cells. However, little is known about the contribution of ASIC1a to vascular reactivity and cardiovascular homeostasis. We have previously shown that ASIC1a contributes to pulmonary vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) Ca²⁺ entry and vasoconstriction as well as chronic hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension. However, a role of ASIC1a in the systemic circulation is unclear. Previous reports have shown that ASIC1a is expressed in femoral and cerebral arteries, however, these studies suggest that ASIC1a contributes to vascular reactivity through neuronal regulation rather than vascular. Therefore, …

Hepatitis C Virus Care Cascade In Persons Experiencing Homelessness In The United States In The Era Of Direct-Acting Antiviral Agents: A Scoping Review, Aubrey Del Rosario

Biomedical Sciences ETDs

Background: The Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) care cascade has been well characterized in the general United States population and other subpopulations. However, information is limited on care cascade outcomes in persons experiencing homelessness now that highly effective medications offer the potential for cure.

Objectives: The main objective of this study is to map the available evidence on HCV care cascade outcomes in homeless and marginally housed cohorts in the United States in the era of direct-acting antiviral agents. Primary and secondary outcomes of interest include linkage to care and sustained virologic response. Exploratory outcomes include other care cascade …

The Role Of Anti-Inflammatory Cytokine Interleukin-10 (Il-10) In Tauopathies, Lea L. Weston

Biomedical Sciences ETDs

Tauopathies are neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer’s disease, that are associated with pathological accumulation of the microtubule associated protein tau (MAPT, or tau) (Lee et al., 2001). Abnormal hyperphosphorylated tau (pTau) strongly correlate with cognitive impairment (Nelson et al., 2012). Neuroinflammation is also associated with tauopathies (Gerhard et al., 2006b; Edison et al., 2008) and is implicated in driving tau pathology (Yoshiyama et al., 2007, Maphis et al., 2015b). Therefore, it is compelling to understand the role of anti-inflammatory cytokines in limiting neuroinflammation and tau pathology. Interleukin-10 (IL-10) is a well-established anti-inflammatory cytokine with roles in limiting inflammation in the central …

Parental Choice Of Charter Schools For Middle School Students With Disabilities, Oluwole Ilesanmi

Special Education ETDs

For many decades, traditional public schools were the dominant public schools available for educating students, including those with disabilities. However, in the current climate of school choice, parents can now choose from a variety of educational options for their children. This study sought to explore the reasons parents of students with disabilities enrolled their children in charter schools. Research questions addressed the reasons parents considered when enrolling their children with disabilities in charter schools, as well as their degree of satisfaction and experiences after enrollment in charter schools. A total of 108 parents of sixth-eighth grade middle school students with …

Mesh Networking And Security Applications In Lora Ad-Hoc Networks, Derek Heeger

Electrical and Computer Engineering ETDs

The Internet of Things (IoT) has rapidly expanded into consumer and industrial applications driving the need for secure and energy efficient communications suitable for battery powered devices. Common IoT protocols developed for these applications include SigFox, Narrow-Band IoT, and Long Range (LoRa). LoRa is an energy efficient long-range communication method enabled by advanced modulation schemes. This research enables new capabilities in LoRa ad-hoc networks allowing for innovative IoT sensors that were previously infeasible due to energy constraints. This is achieved by investigating adaptive data rate (ADR) techniques, enabling reliable and secure remote firmware updates, improving LoRa authentication, and implementing a …

Drought, Farmers, And Mental Health, Elizabeth Mckitrick

Climate Change and Public Health Preparedness

No abstract provided.

New Mexico In Depth Interviews Vinay Harpalani: Complexity Of Colorism, Vinay Harpalani, Claudia Silva

Faculty Scholarship

“Our discourse on race in this country has largely been framed around black or white,” said University of New Mexico civil rights law professor Vinay Harpalani.

But assumptions about varying shades of skin color can, for example, lead someone who is Indian, like himself, to be mistaken as Hispanic, he said.

Academics who’ve studied racial discrimination say discrimination based on a person’s skin-tone exists across many racial and ethnic groups and generally manifests as a systematic preference for lighter skin over darker skin.

Harpalani explains it can be the other way around in some instances, such as the bullying Clark …