Digital Commons Network^™

Interactive Effects Of Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids And Secondhand Smoke In Mice And Human Subjects, Emily Wheeler, Mary Walsh-Wilcox, Meer Shah, Abinash Achrekar, Joe R. Anderson, Mary K. Walker

Research and Scholarship

Active smoking and secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure increase the risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Active smoking is associated with reduced levels of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFA) and studies show that n-3 PUFA supplementation can improve smoking-induced vascular dysfunction. However, the relationship between n-3 PUFA and SHS exposure has not been studied. Fat-1 transgenic mice, which convert n-6 to n-3 PUFA, were fed diets with n-3 PUFA or without (n-6 PUFA diet), exposed to air or SHS for 4 weeks, and vasoreactivity, antioxidant indices, and omega-3 index (percent eicosapentaenoic+docosahexaenoic acids in RBC) measured. Compared to air-exposed mice, SHS …

Molecular Mechanisms Of Circular Rna-Mediated Regulation Of Synaptic Gene Expression - Implications For Psychiatric Disorders, Alexander K. Hafez

Biomedical Sciences ETDs

Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are highly stable non-coding RNAs, derived from the covalent back-splicing of precursor mRNA molecules. Although circRNAs are highly enriched in the brain, the mechanism of action of brain expressed circRNAs and their relevance for psychiatric disorders remains largely unknown. Here we show that circHomer1, a neuronal-enriched circRNA abundantly expressed in the frontal cortex, derived from the Homer protein homolog 1 (HOMER1) gene, is significantly reduced in the prefrontal cortex and induced pluripotent stem-cell-derived neuronal cultures from patients with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder and is associated with the age of onset of schizophrenia. Furthermore, circHomer1 …

Otras Perspectivas (Other Perspectives), Volume 21, Issue 01, February 2021, Occupational Therapy Graduate Program

OTras Perspectivas: UNM Occupational Therapy Program Newsletter

Acknowledging that the success of the Occupational Therapy Program hinges on the mutual investment of community and friends beyond the local community, the UNM Occupational Therapy Program faculty and staff have initiated this newsletter. The goal is to provide an additional forum for communication, and provide updates about the program's development, faculty, students, alumni, and friends.

The R-Enantiomer Of Ketorolac Reduces Ovarian Cancer Tumor Burden In Vivo, Martha M. Grimes, S Ray Kenney, Dayna R. Dominguez, Kathryn J. Brayer, Yuna Guo, Angela Wandinger-Ness, Laurie G. Hudson

Pathology Research and Scholarship

BACKGROUND: Rho-family GTPases, including Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1 (Rac1) and cell division control protein 42 (Cdc42), are important modulators of cancer-relevant cell functions and are viewed as promising therapeutic targets. Based on high-throughput screening and cheminformatics we identified the R-enantiomer of an FDA-approved drug (ketorolac) as an inhibitor of Rac1 and Cdc42. The corresponding S-enantiomer is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) with selective activity against cyclooxygenases. We reported previously that R-ketorolac, but not the S-enantiomer, inhibited Rac1 and Cdc42-dependent downstream signaling, growth factor stimulated actin cytoskeleton rearrangements, cell adhesion, migration and invasion in ovarian cancer cell lines and …

Modeling Customer Lifetime Value Under Uncertain Environment., Eman Aboelhamd, Mohamed Abdel-Basset, Hamed M. Shamma, Mohamed Saleh, Ihab El-Khodary

Neutrosophic Sets and Systems

No abstract provided.

Unnecessary Burdens To Post-Conviction Dna Testing: New Mexico's Post-Conviction Dna Relief Statute And Suggestions For Improvement, Samantha Catalano

Student Published Scholarship

Post-conviction DNA testing is often the last option a convicted person may have to establish that they are not guilty of a crime. New Mexico's post-conviction DNA statute requires convicted persons who seek DNA testing to claim innocence and establish that the identity of the perpetrator was an issue at trial. These requirements are currently included in many state post-conviction DNA statutes; however, some states have amended their statutes to remove these unnecessary requirements. Convicted persons who claimed self-defense, or another affirmative defense may be denied post-conviction DNA testing because of inability to claim "innocence" and because the identity of …

Drug Repurposing For Targeting Cyclic Nucleotide Transporters In Acute Leukemias - A Missed Opportunity, Dominique R. Perez, Larry A. Sklar, Alexandre Chigaev, Ksenia Matlawska-Wasowska

Pediatrics Research and Scholarship

While current treatment regimens for acute leukemia can dramatically improve patient survival, there remains room for improvement. Due to its roles in cell differentiation, cell survival, and apoptotic signaling, modulation of the cyclic AMP (cAMP) pathway has provided a meaningful target in hematological malignancies. Several studies have demonstrated that gene expression profiles associated with increased pro-survival cAMP activity or downregulation of various pro-apoptotic factors associated with the cAMP pathway are apparent in acute leukemia patients. Previous work to increase leukemia cell intracellular cAMP focused on the use of cAMP analogs, stimulating cAMP production via transmembrane-associated adenylyl cyclases, or decreasing cAMP …

Bacteriophage Virus-Like Particle Based Vaccines Targeting Opioids, Isabella Murphy, Susan Core, Andzoa Jamus, Bryce Chackerian, Kathryn M. Frietze

Brain & Behavioral Health Research Day

Opioid use disorder (OUD) and opioid overdose are growing problems. Opioid vaccines are a novel treatment approach for OUD, but current vaccine strategies are slow to elicit antibodies and require multiple immunizations. Here, we report our efforts to engineer opioid vaccines that could elicit high-titer, long-lasting antibodies with a single dose. We used bacteriophage Q beta virus-like particles (VLPs) as a platform to display oxycodone in a highly immunogenic format. Opioid drugs of interest were chemically modified to include a short peptide linker (G-G-G- G-C). This allowed for the chemical conjugation of the opioid drugs to the surface of the …

Medial Prefrontal Cortical Projections Are Altered By A Single Acute Fear Experience: Evidence For Biological Mechanisms Of Anxiety And Substance Abuse Disorders, E L. Bearer, Taylor Uselman, Christopher M. Medina, Russell E. Jacobs

Brain & Behavioral Health Research Day

Pyramidal neurons from medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) project into striatum, thalamus, hypothalamus, and went as far as dorsal raphe nucleus (midbrain) and locus coeruleus (pons). Neural activity in mPFC is reciprocally modulated by monoamine systems arising in these distant brain regions: noradrenergic, dopaminergic and serotonergic. By deregulating these systems genetically, we previously reported that functional projections from mPFC are similarly regulated by these monoaminergic systems using brain-wide tracing based on manganese-enhanced magentic resonance imaging (MEMRI) followed by statistical parametric mapping (SPM). Here we report that a single experience of acute threat alters mPFC projections in wild type mice, and this …

Effects Of Moderate Prenatal Alcohol Exposure On Nmdars Expression And Functionality In Orbitofrontal Cortex Pyramidal Neurons, Valentina Licheri, Jayapriya Chandrasekaran, Clark W. Bird, Carlos F. Valenzuela, Jonathan L. Brigman

Brain & Behavioral Health Research Day

Alcohol consumption during pregnancy represents a major public health problem. Prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) disrupts the Central Nervous System (CNS) development inducing long lasting behavioral and cognitive alterations collectively known as Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders (FASDs). It is well established that alcohol affects different cellular targets, but the molecular mechanisms underlying these problems are not still understood. Our previous data reported a significant impairment in orbitofrontal cortex (OFC)-mediated reversal learning (Marquardt et al., 2014b), and an altered firing of OFC pyramidal neurons (Marquardt et al., 2020). Considering that N-Methyl-D-Aspartate receptors (NMDARs) are altered in rodent models after prenatal alcohol exposure …

Pt181-Qß Vlp-Based Vaccine Against Tau Pathology Shows Robust Immune Response And Functional Efficacy In The P301s Mouse Model Of Tauopathy, Nicole Maphis, Julianne Peabody, Shanya Jiang, Yirong Yang, D N. Linsenbardt, David S. Peabody, Bryce Chackerian, Kiran Bhaskar

Brain & Behavioral Health Research Day

Background:

Tauopathies are progressive neurodegenerative disorders characterized by the hyperphosphorylation of tau and development of intracellular neurofibrillary tangles, collectively referred to as pathological tau (pTau). It is becoming increasingly recognized that the development and spread of pTau accurately predicts and correlates with clinical progression in human tauopathy patients, however there are no FDA-approved drugs that target and reduce pTau. Previously, our lab has developed a virus-like particle (VLP)-based vaccine using a Qß (RNA bacteriophage) platform to multivalently display a 13-mer pTau peptide, with phospho-Thr181 (pT181, a well-established CSF biomarker for tauopathies). pT181-Qß generates a robust and targeted immune response against …

Capacity Building For A New Multicenter Network Within The Echo Idea States Pediatric Clinical Trials Network, Robert D. Annett, Scott Bickel, John C. Carlson, Kelly Cowan, Sara Cox, Mark J. Fisher, J Dean Jarvis, Alberta S. Kong, Jessica S. Kosut, Kurtis R. Kulbeth, Abbot Laptook, Pearl A. Mcelfish, Mary M. Mcnally, Lee M. Pachter, Barbara A. Pahud, Lee A. Pyles, Jennifer Shaw, Kari Simonsen, Jessica Snowden, Christine B. Turley, Andrew M. Atz

Pediatrics Research and Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Metabolic Reprogramming And Cell Adhesion In Acute Leukemia Adaptation To The Cns Niche, Nitesh D. Sharma, Esra'a Keewan, Ksenia Matlawska-Wasowska

Pediatrics Research and Scholarship

Involvement of the Central Nervous System (CNS) in acute leukemia confers poor prognosis and lower overall survival. Existing CNS-directed therapies are associated with a significant risk of short- or long-term toxicities. Leukemic cells can metabolically adapt and survive in the microenvironment of the CNS. The supporting role of the CNS microenvironment in leukemia progression and dissemination has not received sufficient attention. Understanding the mechanism by which leukemic cells survive in the nutrient-poor and oxygen-deprived CNS microenvironment will lead to the development of more specific and less toxic therapies. Here, we review the current literature regarding the roles of metabolic reprogramming …

A Call To Action For Librarians: Countering Conspiracy Theories In The Age Of Qanon, Stephanie Beene, Katie Greer

University Libraries & Learning Sciences Faculty and Staff Publications

Librarians empower learners to become discerning citizens through a set of diverse skills and literacies. To cultivate critical thinkers, librarians continue to build innovative practices, even as technology rapidly evolves. However, the pervasiveness of misinformation and disinformation, most recently seen in the conspiratorial worldviews of QAnon, challenges librarians to center critical thinking in their information literacy praxis. In this article, we provide a concise overview of QAnon and the problems that contemporary internet conspiracy theories like it pose. We offer an epistemological shift for information literacy, from heuristics to mindsets and behaviors, drawing on disciplines external to librarianship. Finally, we …

Unm Pathology Pathfinder Winter 2021, Unm Department Of Pathology

Newsletters

No abstract provided.

Effect Of Dexpramipexole On Neuropathic Pain In Prenatal Alcohol Exposed Male And Female Subjects, Justine Zimmerly, Andrea Pasmay, Shahani Noor, Annette Fernandez, Melody Sun, Suzy Davies, Daniel Savage, Nikolaos Mellios, Erin Milligan

Brain & Behavioral Health Research Day

Prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) results in chronic central nervous system (CNS) deficits and heightened neuroimmune responses that persist into adulthood. Young adult animals with moderate PAE display pathological sensitivity to light touch, referred to as allodynia, following sciatic nerve chronic constriction injury (CCI). Allodynia coincides with activated spinal glia and an increased presence of peripheral immune cells that invade the CNS. Activated glia and immune cells release the potent pro-inflammatory cytokine, interleukin-1 (IL-1β). Previous studies have shown that dexpramipexole, an enantiomer of pramipexole, reduces caspase-3 and cell death, suggesting a possible anti-inflammatory action. The current study explored whether dexpramipexole is …

Circhomer1 Has Biomarker Potential For Cortical Dysfunction In Psychiatric Disease, Amber Zimmerman, Alexander Hafez, Jason P. Weick, Nora Perrone-Bizzozero, Nikolaos Mellios, Jonathan Brigman

Brain & Behavioral Health Research Day

Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are an emerging class of long non-coding RNAs with complex regulatory potential that can impact gene expression and function. However, the vast majority of circRNAs have not been characterized and little is known about their function in the brain despite their abundance in cortical tissue. Recent work has focused on circRNAs as biomarkers for disease and therapeutics due to their increased stability since their biogenesis through backsplicing renders them resistant to RNA degradation. CircRNAs are developmentally regulated and differentially regulated in brain disorders including Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) and schizophrenia (SCZ). While plasticity-related protein-coding genes have been associated …

Mental Illness And Human Dignity In Jane Eyre, Haley G. Hughes

2022 Award Winners

No abstract provided.

An Impact Evaluation Of Covid-19 Training Program: Knowledge And Awareness Of Public Health Professionals Of Province Five, Nepal, Alok K. Bohara, Swati Thapa, Siobhan K. Yilmaz, Spencer H. Mcbee

Himalayan Research Papers Archive

With the declaration of a worldwide pandemic in March 2020 (World Health Organization 2020), COVID-19 has become a primary focus of governments and public health systems across the world with increases in infection and death rates. By mid-April 2020, more than 80% of countries had imposed containment and mitigation measures. But for developing nations, the threats of this global pandemic are more acute given the lack of resources and the capacity to deal with a shock of this magnitude (Loayza 2020). Despite calling for a lockdown on March 24th, 2020 (Pradhan 2020), Nepal faces several public health challenges including limited …

Pleiotropic Anticoagulant Functions Of Protein S, Consequences For The Clinical Laboratory. Communication From The Ssc Of The Isth, Herm Jan M. Brinkman, Josefin Ahnström, Elisabetta Castoldi, Björn Dahlbäck, Richard A. Marlar

Pathology Research and Scholarship

Hereditary deficiencies of protein S (PS) increase the risk of thrombosis. However, assessing the plasma levels of PS is complicated by its manifold physiological interactions, while the large inter-individual variability makes it problematic to establish reliable cut-off values. PS has multiple physiological functions, with only two appearing to have significant anticoagulant properties: the activated protein C (APC) and tissue factor pathway inhibitor alpha (TFPIα) cofactor activities. Current clinical laboratory investigations for deficiency in PS function rely only on the APC-dependent activity. This communication presents an argument for reclassifying the qualitative PS deficiencies to differentiate the two major anticoagulant functions of …

Neanderthal Ecology In Western Iberia: The Case From Lapa Do Picareiro, Milena Moreira De Carvalho

Anthropology ETDs

In Iberia, potentially the last place where Neanderthals survived, the demographic breakdown of small, loosely connected populations seems to have been a significant driver their demise. Human responses to the climatic fluctuations of the Late Pleistocene, particularly Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 3, could be an explanation for the decreases in Neanderthal population size during this time; it may be that habitat fragmentation and environmental instability contributed to a demographic breakdown, resulting in small, secluded Neanderthal populations that remained for some time in refugia, even after the arrival of anatomically modern humans in Europe some 40,000 years ago. In this dissertation, …

A Review On Electroculture, Magneticulture And Laserculture To Boostplant Growth, Victor Christianto, Florentin Smarandache

Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications

While several reviews on potential applications of electroculture are available, in this survey, we discuss these issues from history, starting from earliest experiments by Ross. And in the last section, we discuss possible application of laserculture, another form of potential improvement. It is our hope that what we present here may be found useful for improving agricultural performance in many countries, as well as reducing dependence on fertilizer.

Reversal Of Prenatal Alcohol-Induced Deficits In Long-Term Potentiation By The Histamine H3 Inverse Agonist Sar153954, Monica Goncalves-Garcia, Suzy Davies, Daniel D. Savage, Derek A. Hamilton

Brain & Behavioral Health Research Day

Cognitive impairments are common consequences of Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder (FASD). The hippocampus is susceptible to the effects of prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) which persist throughout an individual’s life. Previous studies have identified deficits in long-term potentiation (LTP) in perforant pathway to dentate gyrus synapses as an adverse consequence of PAE. Although there have been numerous investigations, PAE-induced deficits in synaptic plasticity remain poorly understood. Currently, there are no known, clinically effective pharmacotherapeutic interventions for these deficits. This study investigated the effects of PAE on LTP in the dentate gyrus and the H3 receptor inverse agonist, SAR152954, as a candidate …

Pore Space Property, Joseph A. Schremmer

Faculty Scholarship

Through modern technology we can use the void pore space of underground rock formations for a growing number of socially beneficial purposes. These run the gamut from unconventional oil and gas production to climate change mitigation. The common law of property and tort, however, has struggled to keep up with advancing technology in this area. Significant questions remain about the nature of property rights in pore space. Of particular interest are the limits, if any, on an owner’s right to use pore space for beneficial purposes when it extends beneath the land of another. For example, may A hydraulically fracture …

Bubonic Plague: Public Health Warnings From An Ancient Disease, Mikenzie E. Chessman

2022 Award Winners

No abstract provided.

The Tijeras Pueblo (La 581) Archaeofaunal Project, Emily Lena Jones, Scott Kirk, Caitlin S. Ainsworth, Asia Alsgaard, Jana Valesca Meyer, Cyler Conrad

Anthropology Datasets

These files contain data generated by the Tijeras Pueblo (LA 581) Archaeofaunal Project, a project of the University of New Mexico Department of Anthropology Zooarchaeology Laboratory between 2011 and the present. This project has been supported in part by the National Science Foundation under Grant No. 1732622 and by a grant from the Research Allocations Committee of the University of New Mexico.

These data are the basis of the analyses presented in the following publication:

Jones, Emily Lena, Scott Kirk, Caitlin S. Ainsworth, Asia Alsgaard, Jana Valesca Meyer, and Cyler Conrad. 2021. The Community at the Crossroads: Artiodactyl Exploitation and …

Overlapping Roles Of Nadph Oxidase 4 (Nox4) For Diabetic And Gadolinium-Based Contrast Agent-Induced Systemic Fibrosis-Animal Equivalent Dosing Of Gadolinium-Based Contrast Agents Supplementary Figure 2, Francesca Bruno, Joshua Deaguero, Catherine Do, Doug Yoon Lee, Chunyan Tan, G Patricia Escobar, Brent Wagner

The Kidney Institute of New Mexico

Supplementary figure for the forthcoming publication entitled “Overlapping roles of NADPH Oxidase 4 (Nox4) for diabetic and gadolinium-based contrast agent-induced systemic fibrosis”. Supplementary Figure 2 demonstrates renal changes induced by gadolinium-based contrast agent treatment and experimental diabetes. Photomicrographs analyzed by a blinded veterinary pathologist.

Nature’S Personhood And Property’S Virtues, Laura Spitz, Eduardo M. Peñalver

Faculty Scholarship

This Article evaluates the strategy of claiming personhood for natural objects as a way to advance environmental goals in the United States. Using the Colorado River Ecosystem v. Colorado litigation as the focus, we explore the normative foundation of the claim—elements of nature are legal persons—and the work personhood is being asked to do by the plaintiff and other environmental activists. We identify three possibilities: procedural work, substantive work, and rhetorical work. Of those, we suggest the plaintiff’s strongest case is rhetorical. We say this not only because it will likely be difficult to convince a judge to extend standing …

Effects Of Neuronal Activation And Psychiatric Treatment On Circhomer1 Biogenesis, Grigorios Papageorgiou, Nikolaos Mellios

Brain & Behavioral Health Research Day

Schizophrenia (SCZ) and Bipolar disorder (BD) are heterogeneous psychiatric disorders that together affect more than 3.5% of the US population. Studies using animal, pharmacological models

and post-mortem data, have revealed abnormalities in the dopaminergic and glutamatergic pathways, however, the pathogenesis remains vague. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) have been shown to play a role in regulating gene expression at the transcriptional and post-transcriptional level and having implications on brain development and psychiatric diseases. Circular RNAs are a category of ncRNAs, formed after back-splicing of exons/introns, covalently linked, enriched in the mammalian brain and derived from genes that are implicated in synaptic plasticity. …

Prenatal Alcohol Exposure Enhances Morphine-Mediated Toll Like Receptor (Tlr)-4 Actions And Paradoxically Prolongs Nerve Injury-Induced Pathological Pain, Shahani Noor, Melody S. Sun, Chaselyn D. Ruffaner-Hanson, Monique V. Nysus, Diane C. Jimenez, Fernando F. Valenzuela, Erin D. Milligan

Brain & Behavioral Health Research Day

Our prior work demonstrates that adult prenatal alcohol exposed (PAE) rats with minimal nerve injury develop allodynia (pathological light touch sensitivity) in concert with aberrant peripheral-spinal glial and immune activation. Nerve-injured PAE rats display heightened proinflammatory cytokine production (IL-1β, TNF-α, CCL2) typically produced following activation of innate immune receptors, TLR4 and Nod-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasomes. This suggests that PAE-related adaptations prime peripheral macrophages and central nervous system (CNS) glia to over-respond to subtle challenges through exaggerated TLR4 and NLRP3 inflammasome reactivity. Interestingly, morphine, a standard opioid pain therapeutic, binds the μ-opioid receptor and also glial …