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Movements Of Meadow Voles In Winter: Implications For Vole Management In Orchard Habitat, Dale M. Madison, Randall W. Fitzgerald, William J. Mcshea

Eastern Pine and Meadow Vole Symposia

The movements of meadow voles in a field population were studied using radiotelemetry during fall and winter. The voles changed from a dispersed, solitary dispersion pattern during early autumn to social clusters with communal nesting during winter. This shift occurred as the daily median temperature approached freezing. Movement was inhibited and localized during winter, except under snow when the voles exhibited a freedom of movement not experienced during other times of the year. Overwinter management of meadow voles in orchard habitats is discussed in view of these findings.

Movements And Habitat Use By Pine And Meadow Voles In An Orchard, Ralph E. Pagano

Eastern Pine and Meadow Vole Symposia

Several radiotelemetry studies have now been completed in the orchards of the mid-Hudson Valley, New York. The results of one of these projects, a l2-month study of the movements and habitat use of pine and meadow voles, will be reported on here. The success of an integrated vole management program using cultural practices and rodenticides depends a great deal on knowing the movements and habitat use of the two orchard vole species. Species interactions that could lead to differential use of the orchard habitat are another important element in a vole management program. This study focused on three major objectives: …

The Efficacy Of Several Broadcast Rodenticides In The Mid-Hudson Valley, New York, Ralph Pagano, Jay Mcaninch

Eastern Pine and Meadow Vole Symposia

As summarized by LaVoie and Tietjen (1978), many aspects of vole control using rodenticides including the costs/benefits of rodenticide use, applicator limitations in commercial orchards, and vole biology have not received proper attention. Data relating vole population levels to damage severity have not been generated and thus the exact benefits of control measures are difficult to analyze. Several aspects of vole biology have only recently been considered in rodenticide application procedures. Problems such as bait acceptance and percentage population control have created disparity in several rodenticide experiments (Richmond et al., 1978). A knowledge of vole use of vegetative cover and …

The Influence Of Soil Moisture, Texture, And Temperature On Nest-Site Selection And Burrowing Activity By The Pine Vole, Microtus Plnetorum, Donald H. Rhodes, Milo E. Richmond

Eastern Pine and Meadow Vole Symposia

Pine voles (Microtus pinetorum) have long been recognized as a pest species in fruit orchards of the eastern United States (Hamilton 1935). These semifossorial rodents construct tunnel systems beneath apple trees where they eat entire roots or strip roots of bark and cambium. Hamilton (1938) reported numbers of pine voles within apple orchards as high as 200-300 voles per acre which is in sharp contrast to the relative scarcity of pine voles outside orchard situations (Crain and Packard 1966; Goertz 1971), These findings suggest that orchard habitat provides excellent conditions for pine vole growth and reproduction, although the specific components …

Social Influences On Reproduction In Pine Voles, Margaret H. Schadler

Eastern Pine and Meadow Vole Symposia

The presence of large populations of pine voles in apple orchards suggests that in the field reproduction of these pests has few constraints. Yet, evidence collected from our colony at Union College indicates that in the laboratory reproduction is not at random but instead is socially restrained and predictable. Unless these findings are artifacts of laboratory life, they may help explain some of the data collected in the field. Horsfall (1963) trapped voles every month of the year from an orchard near Cloverdale, VA. Since he found pregnant females in all collections, he concluded that reproduction occurred throughout the year …

Highlights Of The Seventh Eastern Pine And Meadow Vole Symposium, Ross E. Byers

Eastern Pine and Meadow Vole Symposia

The Seventh Eastern Pine and Meadow Vole Symposium was held at the Cliffside Inn, Box 786, Harpers Ferry, West Virginia, March 3-4, 1983 for the purpose of assessing the current status of research, extension, and industry programs relating to vole damage to fruit trees. The meeting was held to provide a problem solving atmosphere in which growers, governmental agencies such as EPA, USDA, USDI, the chemical industry, and university personnel could observe the current thrusts of research and extension programs and their impact on future control strategies.

Registration List

Eastern Pine and Meadow Vole Symposia

No abstract provided.

The Probe, Issue 30 - March 1983

The Probe: Newsletter of the National Animal Damage Control Association

The Probe National Animal Damage Control Association No. 30 March, 1983
Anti-1080
Treasury Reports
Exempting the Tellico Dam from the restrictions
The Coyote-1080 Conspiracy
Alligators
Angel Island (Calif.) deer herd
Introduced birds of the world. The worldwide history, distribution and influence of birds introduced to new environments.
Bromethalin
Control of bird damage at aquaculture facilities
Ol’ Timer’s Corner
2:1 victory in Oregon over the anti-trap forces.

Candide's Practical Principles Of Experimental Pattern Recognition, George Nagy

School of Computing: Faculty Publications

This correspondence calls attention to several frequently used assumptions and techniques culled from the pattern recognition literature.

A Winter Roadside Survey Of Hawks In Eastern Nemaha County, Nebraska, Steve Shupe, Robert Collins

Nebraska Bird Review

During the winters of 1980-81 and 1981-82 roadside surveys of hawks were conducted on 76 square miles (196.8 square kilometers) of Nemaha County, Nebraska. Forty surveys were conducted each winter to acquire baseline data on distribution and populations. Ten species were observed, with the Red-tailed Hawk (49.7%) and the American Kestrel (21.5%) comprising more than 70%of all sightings. Population estimates for each species were determined by using square mile extrapolation and the bounded count method. Intervals of confidence were calculated in an attempt to determine upper and lower winter population limits.

The Prairie Naturalist Volume 15, No. 1. March 1983

The Prairie Naturalist

NUTRIENT POOL SIZE RELATIONS IN THE UNDERSTORY STRATA OF A NORTHERN GREAT PLAINS GALLERY FOREST ▪ K. T. Killingbeck

COMPARISON OF OLD FIELD SUCCESSION ON A TALLGRASS PRAIRIE AND A NEBRASKA SANDHILLS PRAIRIE ▪ M. L. Bomberger, S. L. Shields, A. T. Harrison and K. H. Keeler

MANIPULATION OF FLOOD MEADOW VEGETATION AND OBSERVATIONS ON SMALL MAMMAL POPULATIONS ▪ J. E. Cornely, C. M. Britton and F. A. Sneva

CANVASBACK INTRODUCTION IN WEST-CENTRAL MINNESOTA ▪ H. A. Doty

FORAGING BEHAVIOR AND WATER USE OF HORSES AND CATTLE IN THE WYOMING RED DESERT ▪ L. J. Krysl, G. E. Plumb, M. …

The Chemical Composition Of Lakes In The North-Central United States, Eville Gorham, Walter E. Dean, Jon E. Sanger

United States Geological Survey: Staff Publications

Lake waters of the north-central U.S.A. are classified into five groups, based on increasing specific conductivity and changes in ionic composition from east to west, from Wisconsin through Minnesota to North and South Dakota. The most dilute group of waters has specific conductivities <29 μnhos x cm^-1 at 25°C; the most concentrated group has specific conductances that range from 7,000 to 73,000 μmhos. As conductivity increases all major ions increase, but there is a shift in cation dominance from Ca²⁺ to Mg²⁺ to Na⁺, and in anion dominance from HCO₃^- to SO₄^2-. This shift …

Water Current, Volume 15, No. 2, March/April 1983

Water Current Newsletter

Director's Report
1983 Water Conference Recap
Funding for Water Research
New System to Summarize Nation's Water Resources
Nebraska Irrigation Statistics Up
Platte Lecture Series
Farm and Ranch Report Set for Second Season
Missouri River Allocation Conference
Expertise Directory Available
Conferences and Short Courses
Research Review: The Biological Regulation of Bloom-Causing Blue-Green Algae: A Feasible Alternative

Comparison Of Old Field Succession On A Tallgrass Prairie And A Nebraska Sandhills Prairie, Mary Bomberger Brown, Shelly L. Shields, A. Tyrone Harrsion, Kathleen H. Keeler

School of Biological Sciences: Faculty Publications

Long held to be reasonably well understood, the process of ecological succession has recently come under attack. The predictability of successional changes has been doubted (Walker 1970), the mechanism of species replacement has been questioned (Connell and Slatyer 1977), and the reality of steady-state (climax) challenged (Botkin and Sobel 1975, Connell and Slatyer 1977, Connell 1978). In particular, several communities are presently recognized as having "cyclic succession" (Ricklefs 1973), in which the process is continually repeating. Such communities include heaths (Watt 1947), prairie pot-hole marshes (Vander Valk and Davis 1978), spruce-fir forests (Sprugel 1976, Sprugel and Bormann 1981), and intertidal …

Trox Hamatus Robinson (Troginae) Using A Canthon (Scarabaeinae) Brood Ball And New Records Of North American Trox (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae), Brett C. Ratcliffe

University of Nebraska State Museum: Entomology Papers

Trox hamatus Robinson was observed feeding on an abandoned Canthon brood ball in southeastern Nebraska. Although some Aphodiinae and Scarabaeinae have been reported feeding on or stealing other scarabaeine dung balls, this represents the first reported observation of this behavior for a member of the Troginae. It is suggested that the brood ball was opportunistically used by the Trox, and the event is rare. In addition, new state records are provided for Trox aequalis Say, T. atrox LeConte, T. laticollis LeConte, and T. tesselatus (LeConte).

Quality Factor For Low Doses Of High-Let Radiations, Werner Hofmann, Robert Katz

Robert Katz Publications

The International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP77) and the International Commision on Radiation Units and Measurements (ICRU70) have recommended that the evaluation of radiation hazards be based on the “dose equivalent” defined as the product of the absorbed dose and some modifying factors, the most important of which is the quality factor (Q). The quality factor is intended to allow for the effect on the resulting detriment of the microscopic distribution of the absorbed energy. It is therefore defined as a function of the collision stopping power (L_∞) in water at the point of interest. Thus Q rises …

Agricultural Experiment Station News February 1983

Agricultural Research Division: News and Annual Reports

CONTENTS:
TRAVEL TO SCHOLARLY MEETINGS
PROFESSIONAL TRAVEL FUNDS
GRANT PROPOSALS TO COMMODITY CHECK-OFF BOARDS
AES ADVISORY COUNCIL
AES DIRECTOR'S OFFICE MOVES
NATIONAL AG LIBRARY
APPROVED PROJECTS
AES GRANTS RECEIVED FOR 1ST SIX MONTHS OF FY 83
New Experiment Station Personnel

The Probe, Issue 29 - February 1983

The Probe: Newsletter of the National Animal Damage Control Association

The Probe National Animal Damage Control Association February, 1983
FIRST EASTERN WILDLIFE DAMAGE CONTROL CONFERENCE
SIXTH SOUTHEAST DEER STUDY GROUP
Burrow fumigant for ground squirrels
Calling Predators
Rabies
Coyotes: Predators and survivors
Rat Bait
Humane Society
Animal rights activists
Bromethalin
Procedures for evaluating predation on livestock and wildlife
Do your sunflowers droop?
The sink or swim Everglades herd
Bobcat suit by the Defenders of Wildlife
Letters to the Editor
Ol’ Timer’s Corner

Cranes Of The World [Complete Work], Paul A. Johnsgard

Cranes of the World by Paul A. Johnsgard

Cranes are a group of birds that can lift the human spirit as few other wild animals can do; their great size, marvelous soaring abilities, humanoid traits such as "dancing," and penetrating voices, all strike deep into the human psyche and forcefully remind us of the beauty and mystery of the natural world around us. We cannot lose even a single species of crane without seriously rendering our own existence that much poorer. It is in that spirit that I decided to write the present book, which I hope will be of value to ecologists, ethologists, conservationists, aviculturalists, and anyone …

Two Transcription Products Of The Vesicular Stomatitis Virus Genome May Control L-Cell Protein Synthesis, David D. Dunigan, Jean M. Lucas-Lenard

Nebraska Center for Virology: Faculty Publications

When mouse L-cells are infected with vesicular stomatitis virus, there is a decrease in the rate of protein synthesis ranging from 20 to 85% of that in mock-infected cells. Vesicular stomatitis virus, irradiated with increasing doses of UV light, eventually loses this capacity to inhibit protein synthesis. The UV inactivation curve was biphasic, suggesting that transcription of two regions of the viral genome is necessary for the virus to become inactivated in this capacity. The first transcription product corresponded to about 373 nucleotides, and the second corresponded to about 42 nucleotides. Inhibition of transcription of the larger product by irradiating …

Coccidia From Kangaroo Rats (Dipodomys Spp.) In The Western United States, Baja California, And Northern Mexico With Descriptions Of Eimeria Merriami Sp. N. And Isospora Sp., Carla A. Stout, Donald W. Duszynski

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Since January 1975, 104 of 361 (29%) kangaroo rats (Dipodomys spp.) examined for coccidia had oocysts in their feces. These included 32 of 71 (45%) D. agilis from California (3 of 8, 38%) and Baja California Norte (29 of 63, 46%); none of 18 D. deserti from Sonora, Mexico; one of one D. gravipes from Baja Norte; 43 of 124 (35%) D. merriami from California (1 of 4, 25%), New Mexico (16 of 49, 33%), Baja Norte (12 of 23, 52%), Baja Sur (6 of 20, 30%), and Sonora, Mexico (8 of 28, 29%); 17 of 103 (17%) D. …

Combining Ability Effects For Forage Residue Traits In Grain Sorghum Hybrids, W. M. Ross, H. J. Gorz, Francis A. Haskins, G. H. Hookstra, J. K. Rutto, R. Ritter

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Combining ability effects of 10 female and 10 male inbred lines were evaluated for agronomic, grain, and forage residue traits in 100 grain sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] F₁ hybrids for 2 years. Traits studied were height, flowering, tillering, seed weight, yield, protein percentage, protein yield of grain, leaves, and stems; and in vitro dry matter disappearance (IVDMD) percentage and digestible dry matter (DDM) yield of leaves and stems. General combining ability (GCA) effects exceeded specific combining ability (SCA) effects for all traits except height in females and grain and leaf yields in males. Both GCA and SCA …

Track Formation In Plastics, Robert Katz

Robert Katz Publications

It is proposed that the “threshold for etchable track formation” in plastics is associated with the linear density of activated polymeric clusters along the path of an ion, in the “grain-count regime.” Existing data for CR-39 reveal a change in etching rate in the neighborhood of z/β having the value of about 15-20. We infer that this defines the transition from the grain count regime to the track width regime, as the activation cross-section exceeds the cross-sectional area of the cluster. This interpretation is consistent with available data for the G value for polymer scission and the dose of gamma-rays …

Bird Dispersal Recordings: An Overview, Robert H. Schmidt, Ron J. Johnson

School of Natural Resources: Faculty Publications

Copyright® 1983 by ASTM International. Used by permission.

Survival Of Mallard Broods In South-Central North Dakota, Larry Talent, Robert Jarvis, Gary Krapu

United States Geological Survey, Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center: Publications

Survival characteristics of 25 broods of Mallards (Anas platyrhynchos) were determined on a study area in the Missouri Coteau of south-central North Dakota in 1976-1977. Radio-equipped Mallard hens fledged at least one duckling in 7 of 16 (44%) broods produced in 1976, 5 of 9 (55%) in 1977, and 12 of 25 (48%) for both years combined. Of the 13 broods in which all young were lost, 11 (85%) were lost within the first two weeks after hatching. All losses of entire broods occurred in wetlands; few ducklings and no entire broods were lost during overland travel. Predation …

Ec83-219 1983 Nebraska Swine Report, J. D. Crenshaw, E. R. Peo Jr., R. D. Fritschen, Roy L. Carlson, Rodger K. Johnson, William Ahlschwede, Robert M. Timm, Murray Danielson, J. B. Campbell, Gary L. Asche, Austin J. Lewis, A. D. Flowerday, Warren William Sahs, M. C. Brumm, J. A. Deshazer, Douglas G. Overhults, Roger J. Kittok, J. E. Kinder, Temple Grandin

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

This 1983 Nebraska Swine Report was prepared by the staff in Animal Science and cooperating departments for use in the Extension and Teaching programs at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln. Authors from the following areas contributed to this publication: Swine Nutrition, swine diseases, pathology, economics, engineering, swine breeding, meats, agronomy, and diagnostic laboratory. It covers the following areas: breeding, disease control, feeding, nutrition, economics, housing and meats.

Effects Of Two Species Of Va Mycorrhizal Fungi On Drought Tolerance Of Winter Wheat, Michael F. Allen, Michael G. Boosalis

Department of Plant Pathology: Faculty Publications

Roots and soils from western Nebraska fields of native and planted grasslands, and winter wheat of varied fallow-wheat cultivation duration, were evaluated for vesicular-arbuscular (VA) mycorrhizal root infection and spore numbers and types. Increased cultivation decreased percentage mycorrhizal infection in wheat and reduced spore numbers of Glomus fasciculatus, the dominant VA mycorrhizal fungus in these soils. Spore numbers of other VA mycorrhizal fungi did not change significantly with cultivation although mean numbers of G. mosseae increased with continued wheat production. Water relations and growth were determined for greenhouse-grown non-mycorrhizal, G. fasciculatus-infected, and G. mosseae-infected wheat in wet …

Furunculosis And Other Diseases Caused By Aeromonas Salmonicida, G. L. Bullock, R. C. Cipriano, S. F. Snieszko

United States Fish and Wildlife Service: Publications

Aeromonas salmonicida is a gram-negative bacterium that usually produces a water-soluble brown pigment. It was first described by Emmerich and Weibel (1890) as the cause of salmonid furunculosis in Germany. Although the disease was first considered to be limited to salmonids, studies by the Furunculosis Committee (Mackie et al. 1930, 1933, 1935) showed that A. salmonicida also infected other fish species. Present indications are that A. salmonicida or its variants also produce other diseases, such as ulcerative disease of goldfish (Carassius auratus), erythrodermatitis of common carp (Cyprinus carpio), ulcer disease of trout, and systemic infections among …

Infectious Pancreatic Necrosis (Ipn) Of Salmonid Fishes, Phillip E. Mcallister

United States Fish and Wildlife Service: Publications

Infectious pancreatic necrosis (IPN) is a viral disease principally associated with salmonids, although IPN and lPN-like viruses have been isolated from various nonsa1rnonid fish and marine invertebrates. Acute infection occurs in 1- to 4-month-old salmonids and can result in cumulative mortality approaching 100%. In contrast, fish 6 months old or older can undergo subclinical or inapparent infection, but experience no significant mortality. Survivors of the disease can become lifelong carriers of the virus. Epizootics of IPN have been reported worldwide, and several virus serotypes are recognized. The disease known as IPN was probably first described by M'Gonigle (1941) as acute …

Psi: An Attractive Alternative For The Basic Speech Communication Course, William J. Seiler

Department of Communication Studies: Faculty Publications

The Personalized System of Instruction (PSI), often referred to as the Keller Plan after its founder Fred Keller, was developed to teach introductory psychology courses. Since it was first used, however, PSI has seen widespread use in many disciplines. Sherman estimates that six thousand PSI courses have been taught at all levels of education by virtually all disciplines. Boylan reports that more than thirteen hundred individuals presently use the PSI method on the university and college level; that 80.5% of the individuals surveyed represent four-year institutions, with the remainder representing two-year institutions; that 66% of the colleges and universities are …