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Field Technique For The Identification Of Deer Blood, David W. Oates, Carol A. Jochum, Kenneth A. Pearson, Cathy A. Hoilien

Nebraska Game and Parks Commission: Staff Research Publications

A latex suspension sensitized with deer antiserum has been prepared, placed on plastic cards, dried, and packaged for field use. The product was tested against bloodstains from 22 species (including Homo sapiens). Strong agglutination reactions occurred only with bloodstains from deer and elk.

The Effect Of Variable Spring Water Conditions On Mallard Reproduction, Gary Krapu, Albert Klett, Dennis Jorde

United States Geological Survey, Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center: Publications

Mallard (Anas platyrhynchos) breeding densities in the prairie pothole habitat of eastern North Dakota during 1961-1980 varied from 2.28 birds/km² in 1977 to 9.47 birds/ km² in 1963 and were correlated with pond abundance (r = 0.543, P < 0.05). The number of basins used by pairs declined with drought, as did home-range size. Nesting activity also varied with the number of ponds holding water/km², ranging from high (including substantial renesting) under favorable water conditions to low during extreme drought. The span between first and last nest initiations declined by 19 days from a wet to a dry year. With severe drought conditions during spring 1977 on the Medina Study Area, pairs returned to attempt nesting but were unsuccessful, and most …

Dispersal, Flight, And Diurnal Activity Patterns Of Adult Southern Corn Billbugs (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), Robert J. Wright, J. W. Van Duyn, J. R. Bradley Jr.

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

Dispersal into cornfields, flight, and diurnal activity patterns of the adult southern com billbug (SCB), Sphenophorus callosus (Olivier), were studied in eastern North Carolina during 1979 and 1980. Com plant damage (an index of SCB density) in fields with different cropping histories was initially concentrated either on the field edge next to last year's corn in rotated fields, or the edge next to the overwintering site in nonrotated fields. Although damage patterns and trapping studies suggested that SCB dispersal into fields was primarily by walking, SCB are capable of strong flight. Weevils of both the overwintered and summer generations were …

Paper Replication Method For Isolation Of Radiation-Sensitive Mutants, S. T. Tan, R. B. Maxcy, T. L. Thompson

Department of Food Science and Technology: Faculty Publications

A filter paper replication system particularly useful for isolation of radiation-sensitive mutants of pigmented bacteria was devised. The fidelity of replication was high. Adhesion between a paper disk and a properly dried master plate provided adequate contact pressure. The replicas arising from this technique constitute a convenient apparatus for general application in isolation of clones sensitive to a discriminating treatment.

General Karl N. Haushofer And Geopolitik, David P. Benorden

Department of Geography: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

The purpose of this research is to trace the mainstream of German and related geopolitical philosophy and the various aspects that influenced the philosophy from 1800 to 1945. Two themes evolved: Political Geography and Nationalism. Along with economic considerations, these themes were fused into Geopolitik by Karl Haushofer and his followers in Germany following the end of World War I.

The goal of this work is to trace Geopolitik to discover the significance of its implications, what was behind it, and what were its real objectives. Geopolitik is a German-developed "science'' based on doctrines and practices with its origins in …

Agricultural Experiment Station News June 1983

Agricultural Research Division: News and Annual Reports

CONTENTS:
PROJECT ACCOMPLISHMENTS
ASSOCIATE DIRECTOR POSITION
UNIVERSITY OF NEBRASKA FOUNDATION GRANT REQUESTS
TWELVE HIGHEST AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH PRIORITIES FOR SPECIAL, ADDED EMPHASIS IN THE NORTH CENTRAL REGION - 1983
ADVISORY COUNCIL ELECTION RESULTS
AES BUDGET REDUCTIONS
DEPARTMENT HEADS APPOINTED
CONGRESSIONAL AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH FAIR
GRANTS AND CONTRACTS
RESEARCH "ALIVE AND WELL" AT GUDMUNDSEN CENTER
EXPERIMENT STATION PROJECT ACCOMPLISHMENTS

The Prairie Naturalist Volume 15, No. 2. June 1983

The Prairie Naturalist

Paul B. Kannowski, Editor

Douglas H. Johnson, Book Review Editor

TABLE OF CONTENTS

EFFECTS OF FIRE ON RODENTS IN TALLGRASS PRAIRIE OF THE FLINT HILLS REGION OF EASTERN KANSAS. D. W. Kaufman, G. A. Kaufman, and E. J. Finck

FECAL pH AND FOOD HABITS OF SYMPATRIC LAGOMORPHS IN TEXAS R. J. Warren

UNUSUAL PLANT ASSEMBLAGE IN WALSH COUNTY, NORTH DAKOTA ▪ B. Heidel

ADDITIONAL RECORDS OF PASSERINES FEEDING ON POPLAR GALLS, AND A POSSIBLE MECHANISM FOR SUMMER NOMADISM IN BOREAL FINCHES ▪ P. J. DuBowy

UPDATE ON THE AMERICAN BALD EAGLE, Haliaeetus leucocephalus L., IN NEBRASKA ▪ S. J. Rothenberger …

The Probe, Issue 33 - June 1983

The Probe: Newsletter of the National Animal Damage Control Association

The Probe National Animal Damage Control Association
No. 33 June, 1983
A film entitled "Goodbye Joey"
Perennial Leghold Trap Bill in the House (HR-1797)
Coyote Bite
Letters to Ye Ed
Killing a grizzly bear
Goats
Jack rabbit populations
Federal vs. state ADC programs
1080
Strychinine
Book Review
The Wildlife Society
Rodent Repellents

Biology And Seasonal Abundance Of Hymenopterous Parasitoids Of Sorghum Midge (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae), Frederick P. Baxendale, C. L. Lippincott, G. L. Teetes

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

Four hymenopterous parasitoids of the sorghum midge, Contarinia sorghicola (Coquillet), were found in Burleson County, Texas: Eupelmus popa Girault, Tetrastichus near venustus Gahan, Tetrastichus near blastophagi (Ashmead), and Aprostocetus diplosidis Crawford. E. popa and A. diplosidis were ectoparasitic on the midge host in sorghum spikelets, while T. near venustus fed both externally and internally. Members of the parasitoid complex oviposited and developed to adults in spikelets containing 1- to 18-day-old immature midges, which corresponded to larval and pupal stages of midges. Most parasitoids developed from midges parasitized as mid-stage larvae. Developmental time from egg to adult emergence ranged from 7 …

Day-Degree Methods For Pest Management, Kenneth P. Pruess

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

Recommendations are made for reporting day-degree methods which may have practical applications. Standardized thresholds (40, 50, and 60°F, or 5, 10, and 15°C) should be used. Day-degrees may be either sine wave approximations or exact units determined by instrumentation. Methods are proposed for converting current day-degree models to standardized thresholds and, ultimately, to actual day-degrees.

Escherichia Coli Strains Producing Streptococcus Mutans Proteins Responsible For Colonization And Virulence, Roy Curtiss Iii, Robert G. Holt, Raul G. Barletta, James P. Robeson, Shigeno Saito

School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Faculty Publications

Streptococcus mutans is a principal etiologic agent of dental caries and is likely one of the most ubiquitous bacterial infectious disease agents worldwide. The ability of S. mutans to colonize the oral cavity is due to sucroseindependent and sucrose-dependent adherence to the pellicle-coated tooth surface with glucan facilitated aggregation between cells to result in plaque. Cariogenicity is then caused by the ability of S. mutans in plaque to metabolize free sugars and both extra and intracellular complex carbohydrates to yield predominantly lactic acid. The S. mutans gene products that contribute to colonizing ability and thus virulence include glucosyltransferases, glucanbinding proteins, …

Aspects Of The Biology Of The Red Drum, Sciaenops Ocellatus, In Mississippi, Robin M. Overstreet

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Several hundred specimens of the red drum from Mississippi were critically assessed. Regression equations for standard-length (SL) versus total-length differed between males and females and between small and large members of the same sex. Asingle regression line represented the weight-SL relationship for males with females. For condition coefficients to be helpful, fish had to be grouped at least by sex, season, and length or stage of maturity. By 12 months of age, most fish were about 30 to 32 cm SL and their distribution ranged throughout Mississippi Sound rather than being restricted to inshore bayou and marsh habitats like younger …

Aspects Of The Biology Of The Spotted Seatrout, Cynoscion Nebulosus, In Mississippi, Robin M. Overstreet

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

About 3,000 specimens of the spotted seatrout from Mississippi Sound and adjacent water grouped by males and females had a nearly identical standard Iength (SL) versus total length (TL) relationship, although the equation for males in winter differed from that for those in other seasons. When investigating the SL-weight relationship, some differences occurred both among seasons and between sexes. Therefore, condition coefficients (K) were calculated to compare male and female groups according to their length and state of maturation on a seasonal basis. The hepatosomatic index (HSI) tended to increase with fish length, with relatively high values occurring in winter …

Survival Analysis For A Red Squirrel Population, Curtis H. Halvorson, Richard M. Engeman

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

A 13-year study of an isolated red squirrel (Tamiasciurus hudsonicus) population in Montana has provided the data necessary to analyze their survival. Such long-term, intensive studies of wild populations are rare. When reported, derived (ratio) estimates are used to develop survival information as Gross et al. (1974), and Keith and Windberg (1978) did in respective 9- and 15-year lagomorph studies. A more accurate method, following cohorts, was used by Armitage and Downhower (1974) and Mosby (1969), who presented results for six or more year-classes of sciurids in actuarial tables (Deevey, 1947; Allee et al., 1949).

Agricultural Experiment Station News May 1983

Agricultural Research Division: News and Annual Reports

CONTENTS:
SEARCH COMMITTEE APPOINTED
AGRICULTURE ECONOMICS REVIEW
EFFECTS OF SCAB WHEAT ON BEEF CATTLE
NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION PROJECT
UNIVERSITY GRANT APPLICATION ACTIVITY
A SUMMARY OF UPCOMING EVENTS
NEW OR REVISED PROJECTS
GRANTS AND CONTRACTS

The Probe, Issue 32 - May 1983

The Probe: Newsletter of the National Animal Damage Control Association

The Probe National Animal Damage Control Association No. 32 May 1983
Biopolitics
Arizona Fish & Game
Reading Material
Deadly 1080
Rocky Mountain Trapper
Blackbird Spraying Doesn’t Ruffle Feathers
Rat Bites
Live traps
International Association of Wildlife & Fish Agencies
Bill S. 457

Water Current, Volume 15, No. 3, May/June 1983

Water Current Newsletter

Director's Report
1983 Nebraska Irrigation Tour
Governor Appoints Water Committee
China Tour
Seminar Proceedings Available Soon
Calls for Conference Papers
Conferences and Meetings
Positions Available
Research Review: Conservation of Soil, Water and Energy Through Reduced Tillage Systems

Toxicity Of Bacillus Thuringiensis Var. Israelensis Crystals To Aedes Aegypti Larvae: Carbonate Reversal, Danny J. Schnell, Kenneth Nickerson

Papers in Microbiology

The toxicity of purified Bacillus thuringiensis var. israelensis crystals to larvae of Aedes aegypti could be reversed 100-fold by levels of K₂CO₃ as low as 0.15%.

Phocoena Sinus, Robert L. Brownell Jr.

United States Department of Commerce: Staff Publications

Order Cetacea, Suborder Odontoceti, Superfamily Delphinoidea, Family Phocoenidae. Four species are included in the genus. No subspecies are recognized in P. sinus.

Bats: Winged Maestros Of The Night, Patricia W. Freeman

University of Nebraska State Museum: Mammalogy Papers

Most people are both revolted and fascinated by bats. Revolted because, like snakes, bats are assumed to be dangerous, and fascinated because they have bizarre faces and are rarely seen. Bats don't come in contact with humans often because we are active during the day and most bats are active only at night. Also, bats fly and would not be that easy to observe even if they did come out in the day.There are nearly four thousand species of mammals on earth, and nearly one thousand of these are bats. Next to rodents, bats are the most abundant mammals.

Review Of Grasses And Grasslands: Systematics And Ecology Edited By James R. Estes, Ronald J. Tyrl, And Jere N. Brunken, Robert B. Kaul

Great Plains Quarterly (through 2013)

The past decade has seen a revival of biologists' interests in grasslands, and the results are papers, books, and symposia on grassland plants and ecosystems. This book is the product of a symposium at the thirtieth annual meeting of the Amercan Institute of Biological Science at Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, and as such will appeal mostly to biologists.

The two parts of the book are integrated by the theme of evolution, the first part dealing with the taxonomy and evolution of grasses themselves and the second part with the evolutionary ecology of grasslands as systems. While taxonomy is one of …

Simulation Of Heterosis Effects On Costs Of Pork Production, G. L. Bennett, M. W. Tess, G. E. Dickerson, R. K. Johnson

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

Individual plus maternal heterotic effects on swine production were simulated with a bioeconomic model by changing performance levels of eight traits: -8 d in age at puberty, +3% in conception rate, +.94 in pigs born/litter, +.035 kg in pig birth weight, +2.05 Mcal•sow^-1•d ^-1 in maximum milk output, +8% in preweaning survival, +10.8% in protein growth rate and +17.3% in fat growth rate. Associated heterosis simulated for other traits, such as weaning weights and postweaning gain/feed, was similar to experimental results. Effects of heterosis on biological (feed Mcal/kg) and economic ($/kg) costs were evaluated by simulating two- and …

Variability For Traits Used To Estimate Silage Quality In Forage Sorghum Hybrids, Jeffrey F. Pedersen, Francis A. Haskins, H. J. Gorz, R. Britton

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

The variation among 49 F₁ forage sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench.] hybrids from a 7 X 7 cross-classified design was explored in 1979 and 1980 for the following silage traits: dry matter (DM), crude protein, in vitro dry matter disappearance (IVDMD), neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber, acid detergent lignin, ammonia, lactate, and Brix of the juice from fresh stalks. Wider ranges generally were found for male than for female parental means. Means for most traits were significantly different among entries. Significant differences among hybrid means over males and over females were found for only DM, IVDMD, and …

Evaluation Of The Status Of Texanocotyle Pogoniae And Laterocotyle Padreinsulae (Trematoda: Aspidogastridae), Sherman S. Hendrix, Robin M. Overstreet

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Simpson and McGraw (1979, Southwest. Nat. 24: 557-562) erected two genera for two new species of aspidogastrid trematodes infecting the black drum, Pogonias cromis (Linnaeus), along the Texan Gulf of Mexico coast. Examination of holotypes and paratypes of each reveals that the two species have been described previously and that the genera are invalid.

Genetic And Environmental Determinants Of Wing Polymorphism In The Waterstrider Limnoporus Canaliculatus, Anthony J. Zera, David J. Innes, Margaret E. Saks

Anthony Zera Publications

Wing polymorphism commonly occurs in many insects, especially species of Orthoptera, Coleoptera, Homoptera, and Hemiptera (Harrison, 1980). The polymorphism consists of discrete differences in wing length with morphs exhibiting fully developed, reduced, or totally absent wings. In addition to differences in wing length, morphs often differ in a number of other characteristics such as degree of flight muscle development, duration of nymphal development, time to first reproduction, fertility and diapause (Anderson, 1973; Vepsäläinen, 1978; Harrison, 1980).

Wing polymorphism is an attractive system for investigating the evolution of dispersal in natural populations (Vepsäläinen, 1978; Denno and Grissell, 1979; Harrison, 1980). A …

Economics And Control Of Damage Caused By Low-Density Populations Of Meadow Voles In Ontario Apple Orchards, Ronald J. Brooks, Stephen A. Struger

Eastern Pine and Meadow Vole Symposia

Live trapping and questionnaires were used to evaluate amount, distribution, and costs of control of damage to Ontario apple trees by meadow voles (Microtus enns lvanicus) in 1981-82. In a sample of 180 orchards, 5802 (0.77%) trees were damaged or killed by voles. Orchards with high levels of damage (> 2.5%) were smaller than the average orchard in our sample. Application of rodenticides showed no relationship to levels of damage, but was effective in short-term population reduction. Growers spent an average of $17/ha on rodenticides and $38/ha on herbicides, and they estimated that voles destroyed 2% of their crop each …

Effect Of 6-Mboa On Microtus Pinetorum And Microtus Pennsylvanicus Of Different Ages, J. A. Cranford

Eastern Pine and Meadow Vole Symposia

Short-lived small rodents require environmental cues to synchronize their breeding with optimal environmental conditions. In the absence of such cues animals would waste a large portion of their reproductive effort when environmental conditions were unfavorable. Rowan (1938) noted that endocrine systems regulating mammalian reproduction responded to the environmental photoperiodic cues. Bodenheimer (1946) observed that major outbreaks of voles in Palestine could not be correlated with environmental factors such as climate, photoperiod, volume of food resources, or population density, acting either alone or in combination. From those studies he suggested that vole outbreaks were associated with an unknown factor or factors …

Effect Of Group Size On Body Weight In Different Thermal Environments For Microtus Pinetorum, J. A. Cranford, N. N. Thumser

Eastern Pine and Meadow Vole Symposia

Seasonal variation in growth rates has been well documented in some small rodents (Kubik, 1965; Brown, 1973; Iverson and Turner, 1974; Peterborg, 1978; Pistole and Cranford, 1983). During winter juveniles tend to show little or no growth; however, Kubik (1965) found that Cleithronomys glareolus born in late fall went through a two-phase growth pattern. Growing rapidly until winter and then resuming rapid growth the following spring. Additionally, Brown (1973) has reported the same two-phase growth in Microtus pennsylvanicus. Iverson and Turner (1974) demonstrated that Microtus pennsylvanicus adults showed a loss of weight during winter, and Pistole and Cranford (1983) have …

Effects Of Coprophagy In Microtine Rodents, Jack A. Cranford, E. O. Johnson

Eastern Pine and Meadow Vole Symposia

Digestion and assimilation strategies of herbivorous mammals are diverse but fall into two major categories (Moir, 1968; Gartner and Pfaff, 1979; Hume and Warner, 1980). The most complex of which occurs in the lagomorphs and has been well studied. In contrast rodents exhibit great variability in diet and nutritional biology (Landry, 1970; Baker, 1971; Kenagy and Hoyt, 1980). Early reports of coprophagy by rodents were incidental or descriptive, and indicated it was infrequent (Howell and Gersh, 1935; Ingles, 1961; Wilkes, 1962; Hoover et al., 1969; Jarvis, 1981). Rats mechanically prevented from reingesting feces showed reduced growth rates (Barnes et al., …

Regulation Of Reproduction In An Outbred Colony Of Pine Voles, John J. Lepri

Eastern Pine and Meadow Vole Symposia

Pine voles (Microtus pinetorum) cause economic losses to orchardists in the eastern United States by gnawing on the roots of fruit trees. Although they are small in body size, their impact on orchards can be quite substantial: in 1979 half of the annual mortality of apple trees in Henderson County, North Carolina, was attributed to vole damage (Sutton et a1 1981). Rodenticide application integrated with cultural management is currently regarded as a good combination for controlling vole populations in orchards. However, this solution to the vole problem is incomplete because poisons may unintentionally harm non-target organisms (Hegda1, Gatz & Fite …