Digital Commons Network^™

Ec79-2304 Understanding Botulism, Stanley E. Wallen

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

Extension Circular 79-2304: Understanding Botulism: history and occurrence, history of scientific methods for home canning, the organism and its classification, resistance to heat, growth requirement for the organisms, disease caused, CDC-emergency assistance, and prevention.

Ec79-872 Estimated Crop And Livestock Production Costs, Larry L. Bitney, Lynn H. Lutgen, Leslie F. Sheffield, Robert E.J. Retlzlaff

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

Extension Circular 79-872: Estimated crop and livestock production costs in Nebraska.

Ec79-1509 Insect Control Guide For Corn And Sorghum In Nebraska, R. E. Roselle, D. L. Keith, L. L. Peters

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

Extension Circular 79-1509: Insect control guide for corn and sorghum: Toxicity of insecticides, insects below ground such as corn rootworm larvae, amount of insecticides formulation per 1000 linear feet for corn rootworm larvae, cutworms, sob webworms and amount active ingredient per acre. Type Insects damaging corn above ground such as corn root worm adults, chinch bugs, grasshoppers, western bean cutworms, armyworms, sorghum insects, chinch bugs, and amount of insecticide per acre for those type of insects.

Ec79-219 1979 Nebraska Swine Report, R. D. Fritschen, B.D. Moser, Gayle Watts, Erik R. Cleveland, P.J. Cunningham, R. K. Johnson, Austin J. Lewis, William Ahlschwede, Alex Hogg, Gerald Bodman, Dwane R. Zimmerman, R.D. Geisert, E.R. Peo Jr., Roy Carlson, D.M. Danielson, D.S. Pollmann, M.A. Crenshaw, D.K. O'Connell, Roger W. Mandigo, D.G. Olson, Elbert C. Dickey, B.L. Seman

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

This 1979 Nebraska Swine Report was prepared by the staff in Animal Science and cooperating departments for use in the Extension and Teaching programs at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln. Authors from the following areas contributed to this publication: Swine Nutrition, swine diseases, pathology, economics, engineering, swine breeding, meats, agronomy, and diagnostic laboratory. It covers the following areas: breeding, disease control, feeding, nutrition, economics, housing and meats.

Value Of High Fiber Diets For Grand Swine, D. S. Pollmann, D. M. Danielson, E. R. Peo, Jr.

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

An experiment was conducted to determine the effect of roughages on the utilization of dietary nitrogen, energy and fiber by gravid swine. Water consumption, backfat depletion, pregnancy weight gain, and reproductive performance were used as response criteria.

Effect Of Graded Levels Of Bambermycins On Turkey Growth Performance, R.J. Grant, P.E. Waibel, T.W. Sullivan, C.L. Quarles

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

Three experiments were conducted in Minnesota, Nebraska, and Colorado to determine the effect on turkey performance of feeding graded levels of bambermycins (Flavomycin ®1) from one day of age to market weight. The body weight and feed efficiency values are averages for 22-week-old males and 18-week-old females. Bambermycins produced significant (P<.001; P<.05) improvements in body weight or feed efficiency in all three experiments. Composite average body weights at 0, 1.1, 2.2, and 4.4 mg bambermycins/kg diet were 10.40, 10.54, 10.59, and 10.64 kg, respectively. Overall, average feed efficiencies from bambermycins at 0, 1.1, 2.2, and 4.4 mg/kg of diet were 2.76, 2.73, 2.72, and 2.71, respectively.

Growth Rate Of Thoroughbreds: Effect Of Age Of Dam, Year And Month Of Birth, And Sex Of Foal, R. L. Hintz, H. F. Hintz, L. Dale Van Vleck

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

Weight, height, and cannon bone measurements were obtained on 1,992 Thoroughbred foals. Colts were heavier than fillies at birth and the differences increased with age. Dams under 7 years of age and older than 11 years had foals of lighter weight at birth than mares 7 to 11 years of age and the differences persisted at 510 days of age. Foals born in April, May, or June were heavier than foals born in January, February, or March. Year of birth also influenced body weight. The trends for height at withers and cannon circumference were similar to those of body weight.

Accuracy Of First Lactation Versus All Lactation Sire Evaluations By Best Linear Unbiased Prediction, G. R. Ufford, C. R. Henderson, J. F. Keown, L. Dale Van Vleck

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

Variances of errors of prediction for sire evaluations which included only first records and for those with records of all lactations were compared for bulls of Ayrshire, Guernsey, Jersey, and Brown Swiss breeds used by artificial insemination with daughters having Dairy Herd Improvement records processed at the New York Dairy Records Processing Laboratory. The model for best linear unbiased prediction included fixed effects of sire group and herd-year-season of freshening and random effects of sires within group, sire-by-herd interaction (to account for environmental correlation among paternal sisters), cow within sire and herd, and residual. Variances of solutions for group effects …

Computing Algorithms For Sire Evaluation With All Lactation Records And Natural Service Sires, G. R. Ufford, C. R. Henderson, L. Dale Van Vleck

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

Models for sire evaluation by best linear unbiased prediction procedures which consider all lactation records, an environmental correlation among paternal half-sisters in the same herd, herd-yearseason effects, genetic groups, and sires within groups are described. The computing algorithms are outlined briefly. Attention is drawn to a mimeographed publication of 46 pages (12) which describes in detail the computing algorithms for a model including an interaction between sire and herd (the environmental correlation) and a model which does not include the environmental correlation.

Genetic And Herd-Year Variation In Type Traits Of Brown Swiss Cows, A. M. Moreno, G. R. Wiggans, L. Dale Van Vleck

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

Type classification records of 15,697 Brown Swiss cows by 1955 sires in 852 herds were analyzed with a cross-classified (herd-year and sire of cow) model. Fractions of variance due to herd-year effects ranged from 8% for mammary system to 17% for body capacity. Within herd-year heritabilities ranged from 24% for feet and legs to 43% for final score. Descriptive traits were analyzed by the same model except that each category was treated as a binomial variable. Proportions of variance due to herd-year effects for the descriptive traits were generally below 10%. Heritabilities were generally below 15%.

An Approximate Procedure For Determining Prediction Error Variances Of Sire Evaluations, G. R. Ufford, C. R. Henderson, L. Dale Van Vleck

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

Prediction errors of sire evaluations can be obtained directly from the inverse of the appropriate coefficient matrix. Considerably more effort is required to obtain the inverse in practical situations than can be justified for publication of a confidence figure. An approximate prediction error variance, k/(n + 20), is used currently in the Northeast Artificial Insemination Sire Comparison where n is the number of daughters and k is an appropriate breed constant corresponding to the residual variance. This procedure, however, does not account for distribution of sires across herds nor several lactations per daughter. Thus, the diagonal elements of the sire …

Extending Partial Lactation Milk And Fat Records With A Function Of Last-Sample Production, G. R. Wiggans, L. Dale Van Vleck

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

Holstein production records (364,328) from the Northeast were used to develop a procedure to extend in-progress and terminated records. A function was developed involving last-sample production which accounts for systematic influences in estimating remaining yield, which is yield from day of last sample to day 305. Last-sample production was used because remaining yield is estimated more accurately from last-sample production than from cumulative yield. The function is: estimated 305-day yield = yield in first n days + [(b₁ + b₂n) last production + (b₃ + b₄√n)/last production)] • (305-n). The coefficients (b's) were estimated …

Fluctuations In Sire Evaluations, D. C. Bolgiano, L. Dale Van Vleck, R. W. Everett

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

Large fluctuations in an artificial insemination sire's evaluations concern both dairymen and artificial insemination studs. Characteristics of three bulls with high initial values which dropped on later evaluations were compared with those of 17 "normal" bulls. Characteristics included genetic yield, management, genetic trend, environmental trend, and size of herds where daughters freshened, genetic merit of mates, and average age at freshening of daughters in first lactation. Evidence suggests that fluctuations are from preferential treatment of daughters of some sires as well as randomness inherent in methods of sampling and evaluating sires.

Projection Factors For Goat Lactation Records, G. R. Wiggans, L. Dale Van Vleck, F. N. Dickinson

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

Projection factors based on production on the last day of sampling were developed for dairy goat milk and fat records. The 305-day lactation was divided into 13 stages varying from 10 to 40 days. The shortest stages were in early lactation. Sets of factors were developed for four ages at freshening, two seasons, two levels of herd production, and two breed groups. These classifications were necessary to avoid bias and improve accuracy. Cumulative yield factors also were developed with the same grouping of records. These factors are used when production for the last sample day is not available.

Plant Nutrient And Economic Value Of Animal Manures, S. R. Wilkinson

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

Animal manures have economic value as plant nutrient sources and as amendments for soils whose physical properties can be improved by adding organic matter. Their value as fertilizer per metric ton applied is generally inverse to their water and carbon contents. Plant nutrient concentrations in animal manures are highly variable, thereby introducing uncertainty into meeting plant nutrient needs for crop production. Where manure has been applied for several years, however, little or no additional fertilizer phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) are needed for crop production. Animal manures were ranked in decreasing order as to replacement fertilizer value (dollars) as follows: …

Niobrara-Missouri River Fishery Investigations, Larry W. Hesse, Gene Zeurlein, Roger Vancil, Leonard Koziol, Brad Newcomb, Leigh Ann Retelsdorf

Nebraska Game and Parks Commission: Publications

The Niobrara River heads in the table lands of eastern Wyoming and flows 786 kilometers (km) eastward across Nebraska joining the Missouri River near the town of Niobrara, Nebraska. The Niobrara is the largest Missouri River tributary between the last two mainstem impoundments (Lake Francis Case and Lewis and Clark Lake). Fish movement up the Niobrara is prevented by Nebraska Public Power District's (NPPD's) Spencer Hydroelectric Dam, 63.3 km upstream from the river mouth. The lower reach of the river is turbid and carries a considerable load of sand, silt, and organic debris into the Missouri River. The mean annual …

Nebraska Rainbow Trout, Nebraska Game And Parks, G. Zeurlein, L. Hesse, J. Seeb, L. Wishard

Nebraska Game and Parks Commission: Publications

Chapter 1 Lethal and Preferred Temperatures of Lake McConaughy Rainbow Trout Versus Domestic Strain Rainbow Trout By R. Vancil, G. Zuerlein and L. Hesse

Chapter 2 A Nitrifying Filter-Cooling Condenser System for Total Water Re-use in Cold-Water Fish Holding or Rearing Applications By L. Hesse, G. Zuerlein and R. Vancil

Chapter 3 Biochemical Genetic Analysis of Two Strains of Nebraska Rainbow Trout By J. Seeb and L. Wishard

The self-sustaining rainbow trout population living in Lake Mcconaughy and the North Platte River tributaries is unique to the Great Plains region. The population spends most of its adult life in the …

“Sociology At Nebraska: 1884-1929,” Together With “A History Of Sociology At The University Of Nebraska,” By J.O. Hertzler, Joyce O. Hertzler, Mary Jo Deegan

Department of Sociology: Faculty Publications

At the turn of the century the University of Nebraska was one of the four leading centers of sociology in the United States. Despite this auspicious start, Nebraska has remained relatively obscure in the accounts of the history of Sociology. This is partially a result of its size: until 1959 the faculty consisted of only five members and was oriented to a small but quality graduate program. The document which follows is an original manuscript recording the early history of the department. It was written by Joyce O. Hertzler in the Winter of 1929. This rough draft, now yellowing and …

Relationship Of In Vitro Gonadotropin Binding To Bovine Testes And The Onset Of Spermatogenesis, B. D. Schanbacher

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

Concentrations of luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) were determined in serum of crossbred beef bulls during pubertal development. Serum LH ranged between .5 and 2.0 ng/ml with highest concentrations observed as 12 months of age. Serum FSH varied considerably among individuals but mean concentrations were within the normal range (50 to 100 ng/ml). Neither LH nor FSH increased at the time when testosterone increased or spermatogenesis entered meiosis.

Specific binding of ^{1 2 5} I-labeled human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) and ^{1 2 5} I-labeled FSH to the bovine testis was demonstrated by autoradiographic localization techniques. Binding of …

Transmission Of Sarcocystis Suihominis From Humans To Swine To Nonhuman Primates (Pan Troglodytes, Macaca Mulatta, Macaca Irus), R. Fayer, A. O. Heydorn, A. J. Johnson, R. G. Leek

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

Sporocysts of Sarcocystis suihominis obtained from human feces were used to infect swine. Heart, tongue, and skeletal muscle from experimentally infected and noninfected control swine were fed via stomach tube to nonhuman primates including chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes), rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta), and cynomolgus monkeys (Macaca irus). All primates fed infected swine tissues shed sporocysts beginning 13 to 15 days postinfection and were still shedding sporocysts at the conclusion of the experiment, 30 days postinfection. Rhesus and cynomolgus monkeys were fed infected swine tissues a second time and shed sporocysts. All primates remained in good …

Spermophilus From The "Citellus" Of The Late Quarternary Of The Central Great Plains, A. M. Neuner, C. Bertrand Schultz

Transactions of the Nebraska Academy of Sciences and Affiliated Societies

There is an abundance of the fossilized remains of the genus Spermophilus in the "Citellus Zone" of the Late Quarternary of the Central Great Plains and adjacent regions. Many of these fossils have been identified as belonging to the S. richardsonii complex, and appear to differ morphologically from their Recent descendants. The forms from the "Citellus Zone" appear to date back at least 28,000 years before present and may represent a new species. Among the specimens studied is a single complete skeleton including the baculum. The baculum seems typical of members of the complex. A close comparison of …

Variation And Evolution In The Premolar Teeth Of Osteoborus And Borophagus Canidae, K. A. Richey

Transactions of the Nebraska Academy of Sciences and Affiliated Societies

Seven graphs analyze the important dimensions and proprtions of the premolars in the described species of Osteoborus and Borophagus. Grids or scales of standard deviation multiples for a standard population (Coffee Ranch) are superimposed on the graphs. A graph of the relative width of P/4 plotted against the absolute width of M/1 shows, among other things, that Aelurodon validus does not belong in Osteroborus. The graphs show exactly the relations of isolated specimens and types to each other but do not resolve completely the fundamental uncertainties regarding their species or biostratigraphic positions. Species, as presently constituted, may differ …

Saint Thomas Aquinas' Division Of The Sciences, Marvin E. Kanne

Transactions of the Nebraska Academy of Sciences and Affiliated Societies

Saint Thomas Aquinas holds that scientific knowledge is attained when observable phenomena and their properties are accounted for in terms of their relations to their causes. On establishing the divisions of the sciences, Aquinas follows the threefold division of the speculative sciences as proposed by Aristotle and handed on to the Middle Ages by Boethius: natural philosophy, mathematics, and theology. Each science is defined by its subject matter and by its method of procedure.

While Aquinas followed the teachings of Boethius on this point, he makes significant additions and alterations. Thus in his analysis Aquinas focuses his attention on the …

The Realizing Character Of The Social Sciences, Andrew Larkin

Transactions of the Nebraska Academy of Sciences and Affiliated Societies

Because of successful construction of theories in the mathematical, physical, and biological sciences, and because of their unchallenged technological usefulness, the philosophy of science has concentrated on the formal and epistemological aspects of sciences. However, the less formal social sciences have had a greater impact on society. This realizing character of the sciences, i.e., their influence on society through policy (in the case of the social sciences), has been inadequately studied. In this paper the normative character of the social sciences is seen from the perspective of realization. Norms as internal and external criteria, which are entailed by realization, are …

Water Usage- Who Cares?: A Planner's Viewpoint, Gus J. Karabatsos

Transactions of the Nebraska Academy of Sciences and Affiliated Societies

This paper presents a discussion on the general subject of water. The answer to the question, "Water Usage-Who Cares?" should be easy--everyone. Water is needed for human consumption, for sanitary purposes, for plants, fish and animals, for commerce and industry, and a myriad of other uses. The interest groups are many and varied. A more appropriate question, however, would be "Water-Who Gets It?" This question is not so easy, since it involves a human equation which too many times is based on emotions rather than facts. Also, we can expect a broad spectrum of values that is attached to various …

Water Usage- Who Cares?: An Environmental Viewpoint, Harold G. Nagel

Transactions of the Nebraska Academy of Sciences and Affiliated Societies

In answer to the rhetorical question, Water usage-who cares?, I considered listing the thousands of species of aquatic plants and animals that inhabit and depend upon the surface waters of Nebraska. But this would take too long, and I don't know them all anyway. However, I must defend the nonhuman species' rights to habitat. There are many frameworks to justify their continued existence: economic, aesthetic, and philosophic, to name a few.

Having been active in the environmental movement of the 70's in Nebraska, I can assure you that it has so diverse a following that I cannot possibly presume to …

Isolation Of Trivittatus Virus From Aedes Triseriatus, Terry L. Foxhoven, Ardyce B. Welch

Transactions of the Nebraska Academy of Sciences and Affiliated Societies

Aedes triseriatus mosquitoes were trapped and processed for viral isolation. Swiss white mice and BHK-21 cell cultures were used for propagation of virus. A sucrose-acetone extracted antigen was produced from infected mouse brains. Anti-serum was produced in Swiss white mice as hyperimmune ascitic fluid using Sarcoma 180/TG. The isolate was identified using hemagglutination, hemagglutination-inhibition, and serum neutralization techniques. The virus was identified as California group arbovirus, type Trivittatus.

This is the first reported isolation of California group arbovirus, type Trivittatus virus from field samples of A. triseriatus mosquito and the first time the virus has been isolated from any species …

The Brain: Physiological Foundations Of Evaluation And Memory, Jeff C. Schank

Transactions of the Nebraska Academy of Sciences and Affiliated Societies

Behavioristic axiomatizations of human evaluation have been well established (von Newmann and Morgenstern, 1953; Leinfellner, 1969). The axiomatization of the evaluative interpretation scheme can be applied to the historical sciences and provides a model of historical time. Newtonian time can be defined by imposing a strict serial order on temporal events by means of the relations of simultaneity and succession, which has been axiomatized recently (Leinfellner, 1966). The former axiomatization of the structure of evaluation can be combined with the latter axiomatization of the structure of temporally ordered memory, based on preference and indifference relations of an individual as he …

Rabbits (Genus Sylvilagus) Of Nicaragua, Terry L. Yates, Hugh H. Genoways, J. Knox Jones Jr.

University of Nebraska State Museum: Mammalogy Papers

The rabbits (genus Sylvilagus) of Nicaragua are herein reviewed systematically. Geographic and nongeographic variation has been assessed based on examination of 124 museum specimens constituting 28 samples of Sylvilagus floridanus from Honduras, Nicaragua, and Costa Rica, and 15 samples of S. brasiliensis from Nicaragua and Costa Rica. Morphological features of the skin and skull were analyzed using various univariate and multivariate statistical techniques. Analysis of geographic variation in S. floridanus indicates that rabbits of this species in Nicaragua are referable to the subspecies S. f. costaricensis, rather than to S. f. hondurensis as previously believed. Based on our …

Mathematics And Mallard Management, Lewis M. Cowardin, Douglas H. Johnson

United States Geological Survey, Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center: Publications

Waterfowl managers can effectively use simple population models to aid in making management decisions. We present a basic model of the change in population size as related to survival and recruitment. A management technique designed to increase survival of mallards (Anas platyrhynchos) by limiting harvest on the Chippewa National Forest, Minnesota, is used to illustrate the application of models in decision making. The analysis suggests that the management technique would be of limited effectiveness. In a 2nd example, the change in mallard population in central North Dakota is related to implementing programs to create dense nesting cover with …