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Genetic Engineering Of Livestock Improvement, Gordon E. Dickerson

World Congress on Genetics Applied to Livestock Production: 3rd (1986)

Genetic engineering requires clearly defined objectives, adequate genetic variability and effective methods of selection. In a given production-marketing System, relative importance of genetic change in alternative traits can be estimated from expected effects on cost per unit of output, using available biological and economic information. Diversity among existing breeds and their crosses is a primary and quickly usable genetic resource, and its management for future needs is a public concern. Better physiological and biochemical understanding of the genetic controls of animal development and function is important to permit more effective selection for efficiency of animal production under diverse environments. Long-term …

Milk And Beef Production In Temperate Climates, A. Zarnecki, M. Stolzman

World Congress on Genetics Applied to Livestock Production: 3rd (1986)

Milk production in the temperate climates accounts for 66% of the world milk output. In North America only about 20% of beef originates from dairy herds, while in Europe beef production is a byproduct of dairying. Several studies showed small genetic correlations between milk and beef traits, thus suggesting the possibility of simultaneous selection for both .characteristics. European breeding programs include dual testing of bulls for milk and beef. Several experiments proved superiority of North American Holstein- Friesians over European dairy breeds in milk production. In the Polish Friesian strain comparison, the US strain, the Canadian strain and the Israeli …

G86-790 Fumigating Farm-Stored Grain With Aluminum Phosphide (Revised May 1998), Clyde Ogg, David L. Keith

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

This NebGuide provides step-by-step instructions for fumigating stored grain on the farm with aluminum phosphide.

Fumigants act on all insect life stages. They control pests by diffusing through the air spaces between grain kernels as well as into the kernel itself. Fumigants are able to penetrate into places that are inaccessible to insecticide sprays or dusts.

Regardless of formulation, all fumigants are poisonous and toxic to humans and other warm-blooded animals as well as to insects and other pests. Because fumigant chemicals are highly toxic and hazardous to use, they are Restricted Use pesticides. They can only be used by …

Heg86-210 Being A 'Grand' Parent, Herbert G. Lingren

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

This guide explores grandparenting, including the benefits derived from being a grandparent, suggestions on how to be a good grandparent, precautions to take when grandchildren come for a visit, and ways to have fun with grandchildren.

Grandparents Today

Approximately 75 percent of Americans over 65 have living grandchildren, according to a 1975 Harris poll. Most grandparents begin their role during middle age. The average age for becoming a grandmother is 46 and may be as early as 32. This means we need to set aside many outdated ideas about grandparent. They are active people. They do not necessarily get around …

G86-783 Complete Rations -- Should You Feed Them?, Foster G. Owen

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

This NebGuide discusses the advantages and disadvantages of feeding complete rations to dairy herds.

Using the complete ration system for feeding dairy cows has become increasingly popular. Nutritionists generally consider it the ideal method of feeding dairy cattle. Milk production per cow can be maximized, and feed and labor costs minimized, with this system. However, the necessary equipment is expensive and may be excessive for loose-housed herds of less than 100 cows.

Development Of The Relative Economic Weights For Linear And Quadratic Bioeconomic Objectives In Commercial Broilers, M. K. Akbar, D. L. Harris, C. R. Arboleda

Roman L. Hruska U.S. Meat Animal Research Center: Reports

The approach of Harris (1970) and Harris et al. (1984) was used to develop mathematical profit functions for describing the bioeconomic objectives in an integrated three-way cross commercial broiler production system. The reproductive and productive performances of the pureline maternal grandparent female and the single cross female parent were included to reflect the impact of the traits expressed in those populations. The resulting complex function was approximated with linear and quadratic equations. Inputs (costs) in the system included feed, housing, labor and facilities, and processing. Outputs (returns) included salvage value of the cull hens and the processed cut-up broilers. A …

Columnaris Disease Of Fishes, G. L. Bullock, T. C. Hsu, E. B. Shotts Jr.

United States Fish and Wildlife Service: Publications

Columnaris disease is an acute to chronic bacterial infection that affects anadromous salmonids and virtually all species of warmwater fishes. Davis (1922), who first described the disease, named it columnaris because the causal bacterial cells seen in wet mounts of affected gills and fins were arranged in columnar aggregations. Ordal and Rucker (1944) were the first to isolate the causal organism and, based on cellular morphology, identified it as a myxobacterium. Organisms classified in the order Myxobacterales are long, thin gram-negative rods that are motile on agar media by a creeping or flexing motion. They have a life cycle composed …

Feedinge Cologyo F Sandhillc Ranesd Urings Pring Migrationin Nebraska, Kenneth Reinecke, Gary L. Krapu

United States Fish and Wildlife Service: Publications

We studied the food habits of midcontinent sandhill cranes (Grus canadensis) during spring 1978 and 1979 at their primary staging area along the Platte River and compared population food and foraging habitat requirements with availability. Crane diets varied among the 3 principal foraging habitats, but not between sexes, ages, or years. Cranes feeding in cornfields ate >99% corn (total dry wt); those feeding in native grasslands and alfalfa fields consumed 79-99% invertebrates. The composite diet of cranes was 97% corn and 3% invertebrates, including 2% earthworms, 0.5% snails, and 0.5% insects. Presumably, corn provided energy, whereas invertebrates from grasslands and …

Ectoparasitism As A Cost Of Coloniality In Cliff Swallows (Hirundo Pyrrhonota), Charles R. Brown, Mary Bomberger Brown

School of Natural Resources: Faculty Publications

Colonially nesting Cliff Swallows (Passeriformes: Hirundo pyrrhonota) in southwestern
Nebraska, USA, are commonly parasitized by hematophagous swallow bugs (Hemiptera: Cimicidae:
Oeciacus vicarius) and fleas (Siphonaptera: Ceratophyllidae: Ceratophyllus celsus). We examined to
what degree these ectoparasites represent a cost of coloniality for Cliff Swallows. The number of
swallow bugs per nest increased significantly with Cliff Swallow colony size. Body mass of nestling
swallows at 10 d of age declined significantly as the number of bugs per nestling increased. By fumigating
half of the nests in some colonies, killing the bugs, and leaving half of the nests as nonfumigated …

G86-797 Causes Of Vaccination-Immunization Failures In Livestock, Duane Rice, E. Denis Erickson, Dale Grotelueschen

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

This NebGuide discusses reasons why vaccinations fail to provide immunity against disease, and how to prevent this from happening.

To comprehend the many reasons for vaccine failure, it is important to understand how animals and humans have the ability to resist infectious diseases. It is also important to know what a disease is and how it affects the animal.

According to Stedman's Dictionary, disease is an interruption, cessation or disorder of body functions, systems or organs. Diseases may be obvious even to the untrained eye, or detectable only by sophisticated testing procedures (subclinical disease). Serious irreversible damage may be …

Ec86-261 Goals For Profitable Dairying, Jeffrey F. Keown, Gerald Bodman, Douglas Jose

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

Circular Extension 86-261: This circular is about the goals for profitable dairying, and focuses on the objective as the operator of the dairy farm business, such as establishing strategies that will result in long term profit.

Effects Of Adding Fat To The Sow Lactation Diet On Lactation And Rebreeding Performance, G. C. Shurson, M. G. Hogberg, N. Defever, S. V. Radecki, E. R. Miller, Win Butler

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

One-hundred-three multiparous sows were randomly assigned to one of two lactation diets containing either no supplemental animal fat (C) or 10% added fat (F) during two seasons, summer (S) and winter (W), in a 2 X 2 factorial arrangement of treatments. Sows were placed on their respective dietary treatments 1 wk prior to farrowing and were fed these diets ad libitum throughout the 28-d lactation period. Weekly feed intake and total feed intake were not affected by diet or season, while weekly metabolizable energy (ME) intake tended to be higher during wk 1 and 3, and was higher (P<.04) during wk 2 for sows fed diet F. Sow weight loss from farrowing to 21 d of lactation and to weaning (28 d) were unaffected by diet or season. Average pig birth weight was .15 kg higher (P<.O1) for pigs born during S compared with those born in W. Sows receiving diet F had heavier litters at 21 d (P<.01) and heavier average pig 21-d weights (P<.O1). This was primarily due to the 13.1% increase (P<.04) in estimated milk yield and the higher fat concentration (P<.O01) of milk consumed by the pigs nursing sows fed diet F. Interval between weaning and re-breeding was shortened by 5.9 d (P<.01) for sows during W than during S, and tended to be lower for sows fed diet F (7.3 d) compared with that of sows fed diet C (9.7 d). Farrowing percentage was unaffected by diet but tended to be increased during W (78.9%) compared with S (65.1%). No differences between mason or diet were noted on number of pigs born or number of pigs born alive in the subsequent parity. No diet • season interactions were observed, except for crude protein concentration of sow's milk, which was higher in milk from sows fed diet C during season W (P<.04).

Effect Of Laundering Procedures And Functional Finishes On Removal Of Insecticides Selected From Three Chemical Classes, Julie L. Keaschall, Joan M. Laughlin, Roger E. Gold

Department of Textiles, Merchandising and Fashion Design: Faculty Publications

Eleven pesticides from three chemical classes were chosen for comparison of residues after laundering. Pesticide was introduced to the fabric surface of one of three fabrics--unfinished (UN), renewable consumer applied fluorocarbon finished (RF), and commercially applied fluorocarbon finished (CM) fabric. The fabrics were laundered using one of three laundry treatments--a heavy-duty liquid detergent (HDL) alone, an HDL with a prewash spray, and an HDL with an agriculturally marketed pretreatment.

Gas chromatographic analysis showed that the fluorocarbon-finished fabrics absorbed only 10% of the pesticide absorbed by the UN fabrics. Residues after laundering were significantly different both among and within classes. Although …

Ec86-113 A Guide For Planning And Analyzing A Year-Round Forage Program, Steven S. Waller, Lowell E. Moser, Bruce Anderson

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

Efficient grazing management programs cannot succeed without proper stocing rates. However, proper stocking rate alone will not insure a successful grazing program. Successful grazing management only occurs when all factors affecting production are manipulated properly: season of use; kind, class, and/or combination of animals; grazing distribution; grazing program; fertilization; pest control; and water management as well as stocking rate. The following suggestions in this circular are a guide to initial planning of new pastures and the modification of existing grazing programs.

Mp51 Distillers Grains, Glen Aines, Terry Klopfenstein, Rick Stock

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

In the conventional production of alcohol from grain for fuel, byproducts are produced with excellent feeding value for ruminants. Appropriate use of these byproducts aids the efficient production of animals and enhances the economics of alcohol production. In the fermentation of corn to produce alcohol, the starch in the corn is converted to alcohol and carbon dioxide. The nutrients in the corn other than starch are concentrated about three times because corn is about two-thirds starch. Even though starch is high in energy, the one-third of the corn remaining in the byproduct after fermentation contains as much energy per pound …

G86-818 How To Use The Milk Progesterone Tests, Larry L. Larson

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

This guide discusses the basis for milk progesterone tests, using the test to confirm estrus, as an early indicator of pregnancy, and the availability and costs of kits. Milk progesterone test kits are now commercially available for on-farm use. Correct interpretation of the test results requires accurate estrous detection and good records. Properly used, these tests can help determine (1) if a cow is near estrus and potentially could conceive if bred, or (2) as an early indicator of pregnancy.

G86-775 Prussic Acid Poisoning, Norman Shcneider, Bruce Anderson

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

Prussic acid poisoning and its treatment are discussed in this NebGuide, along with methods to reduce its occurrence.

Sudangrass, forage sorghum, and sorghum-sudangrass hybrids are often used for summer pasture, green chop, hay, or silage. Under certain conditions, livestock consuming these feedstuffs may be poisoned by prussic acid (HCN).

Exposure to excessive prussic acid--also called hydrocyanic acid, hydrogen cyanide, or cyanide--can be fatal. However, producers can manage and feed their livestock to avoid problems with prussic acid.

G86-799 Health Management And Recommended Vaccinations For Dairy Replacements, Duane Rice, R. Gene White

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

This NebGuide discusses the importance of having a good vaccination schedule, and provides recommendations on which vaccinations to give, depending on variables. Correct management decisions are necessary to realize maximum returns on investments in any dairy operation. Dairymen sometimes assume there is a quick remedy for health problems, but the prevention of disease is by far less expensive. Preventing health problems in the dairy herd goes much further than using a veterinarian to treat individual animals with emergency problems. A veterinarian with experience and a genuine interest in dairy cattle is essential to assist the dairyman with herd health problems. …

Kinetic Analysis: Benzo (A) Pyrene In Southeastern Ohio, D. Kolbow, H. Hikichi, C. Tuthill, C. W. Frank, G. B. Wiersma, A. B. Crockett, R. D. Schonbrod

United States Environmental Protection Agency: Publications

Kinetic Analysis has been successful for metallic elements in relatively isolated areas. In this study it is applied to a complex organic compound in a geographical area with a large urban component. Ten media compartments are included, with man as the ultimate receptor. Field data were collected for only 6 of the media and were not used in the analysis but were compared to the calculated steady state concentrations. The greatest differences between calculated and observed values were 4.8-fold for soil and 5.4-fold for sediment. The field sampling regime for soils was biased towards areas of industrialization and probably explains …

Native Hay Production Along A Depth-To-Water-Table Gradient In Eastern Sandhills Wet Meadows, Wheeler County, Nebraska, Jean M. Novacek

Nebraska Game and Parks Commission: White Papers, Conference Presentations, and Manuscripts

The Sandhills region of Nebraska, the largest dune field in the Western Hemisphere, occupies 15 north-central counties and extends over 51,800 km (20,000 mi) (Keech and Bentall, 1971; Ahlbrandt and Fryberger, 1980). Far from a desert, the Sandhills region is entirely vegetated by mixed-grass prairie with numerous wet areas and lakes in interdunal valleys. This rich, grass-covered dune sea stretches 427 km (265 mi) across from east to west and 209 km (130 miles) from north to south. The altitudes range from 670 m (2200 ft) above sea level in the eastern part to 1310 m (4300 ft) in the …

Pod Network Membership Directory, September 1986

Professional and Organizational Development Network in Higher Education: Archives

No abstract provided.

An Evaluation Of The Straw Itch Mite, Pyemotes Tritici, For Control Of The Red Imported Fire Ant, D. P. Jouvenaz, C. S. Lofgren

Entomology Papers from Other Sources

The straw itch mite, Pyemotes tritici (LaGreze-Fossat and Montagne) was proposed by Bruce and LeCato (1980) as a potential biological control agent for the red imported fire ant, Solenopsis invicta Buren.

Ec86-1509 Field Crop Insect Control Guide For Nebraska Corn And Sorghum, F. P. Baxendale, D. L. Keith, L. L. Peters

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

Extension circular 86-1509 is a field crop insect control guide for Nebraska corn and sorghum.

1986 Nebraska Swine Report

Nebraska Swine Reports

1986 Nebraska Swine Report

Serosurvey For Selected Pathogens In Hunter-Killed Pronghorns In Western Nebraska, Jerre L. Johnson, T. Lynwood Barber, Merwin L. Frey, George Nason

West Central Research and Extension Center, North Platte

Exposure of pronghorns (Antilocapra americana) in western Nebraska in 1983 to selected livestock pathogens was examined by serology and attempted virus isolation. Antibodies were present to the agents of bluetongue, epizootic hemorrhagic disease, and bovine respiratory syncytial virus. There were no serologic reactors to Brucella, and attempts to isolate the viruses of bluetongue and epizootic hemorrhagic disease were negative.

Serologic Survey Of Selected Pathogens In White-Tailed And Mule Deer In Western Nebraska, Jerre L. Johnson, T. Lynwood Barber, Merwin L. Frey, George Nason

West Central Research and Extension Center, North Platte

Exposure of free-ranging white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) and mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus) in western Nebraska to selected livestock pathogens was determined by serology and attempted virus isolation. Antibodies to bluetongue virus, epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus, and bovine respiratory syncytial virus were present in both species of deer. No serologic reactors to Brucella or Anaplasma were found. Attempts to isolate bluetongue virus were negative.

4-H 168 Sewing For Fun : Leader's Guide

Nebraska 4-H Clubs: Historical Materials and Publications

Nebraska Cooperative Extension Service 4-H 168: Sewing for Fun; introduction, characteristics of pre-teens, special members, responsibility of the 4-H leader, teaching tips, for leaders, teaching techniques, fair exhibits, basic construction, equipment lingo game, pin the parts on the sewing machine, fabric lingo, and common causes of sewing machine trouble.

4-H 167 Sewing For Fun, Rose Marie Tondl

Nebraska 4-H Clubs: Historical Materials and Publications

Nebraska Cooperative Extension Service 4-H 167: Sewing for Fun; project requirement, sewing tools, start sewing with good habits, the sewing machine, parts of a sewing machine, care of the sewing machine, using the sewing machine, and sewing without thread, turning square corners (or pivot), sewing with thread, what is a good seam?, sewing license, learning to measure, fabric facts, fabric terms, grain perfect fabric, choosing fabrics, hand sewing-how to thread a needle, and how to tie a knot. Sewing by hand with a thimble, why should you use a thimble, basic hand stitches, and pressing.

4-H 197 Home Building Blocks : Year 3, Jeanette Friesen, Kathleen Parrott, Shirley Niemeyer

Nebraska 4-H Clubs: Historical Materials and Publications

Extension Service 4-H 197: Home building Blocks Year 3; Project planning and evaluation sheet, what you learn, what you do, be a wall wizard, dyeing to know about fabric, would you work with wood, message on metal, and sharing with others.

G86-815 Reproductive Problems In Rams, Alan R. Doster, Dale M. Grotelueschen

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

Systematic examination of all males to be used for breeding can prevent reproductive failure, minimize nonpregnant ewes, and increase numbers of lambs born early during lambing season.

The importance of using only highly fertile, healthy rams in breeding programs cannot be overemphasized. This is especially true in the case of small producers where only one ram is required. The ram represents an often neglected part of sheep production.