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Clinical Practice And Perspectives On Addressing Biomechanical Maladaptations After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction And A Potential Novel Solution, Kyle Southall Sep 2024

Clinical Practice And Perspectives On Addressing Biomechanical Maladaptations After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction And A Potential Novel Solution, Kyle Southall

All ETDs from UAB

Gait is one of the most daily cyclic events an otherwise healthy human will experience. After an orthopedic injury such as an anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury that is commonly reconstructed (ACLR), gait can be largely affected, both acutely after injury, and long-term affecting the long-term knee health of the individual. As those individuals who sustain an ACL injury and subsequent reconstruction are commonly young, typically in their teens to early 30 years of age, the long-term effects of an ACLR procedure can have decades of impact on their respective quality of life. This dissertation used a variety of experimental …

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Individualized Cellular Response To Influenza-A Infection, Abel Lopez Sep 2024

Individualized Cellular Response To Influenza-A Infection, Abel Lopez

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Influenza A Virus (IAV) presents a significant threat to global health, causing millions of severe cases and substantial mortality annually. This study uses single-cell RNA sequencing to investigate the individualized cellular response to IAV infection in human bronchial epithelial cells (HBECs). We employed air-liquid interface (ALI) cultures to model the respiratory epithelium and differentiated HBECs into basal, ciliated, secretory (goblet/club), and rare cell types (Ionocytes). Following IAV infection, we analyzed transcriptional changes across these cell types, focusing on differential gene expression and pathway activation. Our results highlight the variability in IAV infection and the distinct cellular responses. Ciliated cells, the …

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The Effects Of Acute Beetroot Juice Intake On Glycemic And Blood Pressure Responses When Controlling For Medication In Individuals With Type 2 Diabetes, Andrew Tyler Sep 2024

The Effects Of Acute Beetroot Juice Intake On Glycemic And Blood Pressure Responses When Controlling For Medication In Individuals With Type 2 Diabetes, Andrew Tyler

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The prevalence of cardiometabolic diseases has continued to rise within the United. Physical activity and poor dietary choices are two factors that are known to contribute to the rise in cardiometabolic diseases. Thus, it is critical to identify strategies that may mitigate the negative impact from these behaviors. Several recent studies have shown that consumption of dietary inorganic nitrate (diNO3) may improve vascular health and glucose regulation in animal models and some human studies. However, the improvements in glucose regulation have yet to be corroborated in humans with type 2 diabetes (T2D). Thus, the purpose of this study was to …

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Measuring Resilience In Black Families, Destiny Shanell Kelly Sep 2024

Measuring Resilience In Black Families, Destiny Shanell Kelly

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Black families play a unique role in navigating risk and adversity, operating as a source of various protective factors to combat challenges faced. Given the historical and current role that racism plays in the everyday lives of Black individuals, culturally specific protective mechanisms have manifested as a defense for these encounters. Many of these protective factors are instilled at the family level, helping all family members maintain healthy functioning or be resilient, such as social support, ethnic-racial socialization, and racial identity. However, current measures of family resilience do not incorporate these culturally relevant protective mechanisms into the measures, preventing Black …

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Elementary Cone Photoreceptor Signals In V1 Neurons, Cyril Nyankerh Sep 2024

Elementary Cone Photoreceptor Signals In V1 Neurons, Cyril Nyankerh

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Daylight vision is initiated by the activation of cone photoreceptors in the retina in response to light, thereby generating spatial and temporal patterns of photoreceptor signals. Subsequent to this, the signals are combined and processed in downstream neural circuits, ultimately contributing to the formation of receptive fields of neurons in primary visual cortex (V1). Recent advances in adaptive optics (AO) have enabled imaging of the retina with near diffraction limited resolution, allowing for the probing of the visual system's processing at the resolution of individual cones. The central theme of this dissertation characterizes quantitively and qualitatively the physiological responses of …

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Prenatally-Derived Macrophages Regulate Choroidal Health And Are Depleted In Age-Related Macular Degeneration, Seth Daniel Fortmann Sep 2024

Prenatally-Derived Macrophages Regulate Choroidal Health And Are Depleted In Age-Related Macular Degeneration, Seth Daniel Fortmann

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The ocular choroid is the pigmented vascular bed that lies immediately deep to the retinal pigmented epithelium (RPE). The principal function of the choroid is to supply the photoreceptors with oxygen and nutrients and to remove waste products from the outer retina. In age-related macular degeneration (AMD), the choroid is dysfunctional as evidenced by hallmark histopathological findings including accumulation of extracellular lipid and vasodegeneration of the choriocapillaris. How and why the choroid fails in AMD remains incompletely understood. To this end, much attention has been paid to the RPE and endothelium but less is known about the contributions of other …

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Blood Transfusion Factors That Affect The Outcomes Of Patients Who Experienced Trauma-Related Hemorrhage, Justin Lee Miller Sep 2024

Blood Transfusion Factors That Affect The Outcomes Of Patients Who Experienced Trauma-Related Hemorrhage, Justin Lee Miller

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Trauma is a leading cause of death in the United States and in the world. It is the leading cause of death of Americans between the ages of one to 45 years old and is expected to increase due to increase over the next ten years. Most trauma deaths are attributed to hemorrhage and are considered preventable. The current standard of care for trauma-related hemorrhage (TRH) is damage control resuscitation using either whole blood (WB) or blood components (BC) in a ratio of 1 unit of red blood cells to 1 unit of plasma to 1 unit of platelets. The …

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Sleep And Stigma: Novel Factors In The Relationship Between Weight Status And Cognitive Function?, Lindsay M. Stager Sep 2024

Sleep And Stigma: Novel Factors In The Relationship Between Weight Status And Cognitive Function?, Lindsay M. Stager

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U.S. obesity rates are rising. Impaired cognitive function (CF) negatively correlates with obesity and may impact food consumption. However, the mechanisms of action demand assessment. This study aimed to identify adiposity-based differences in adolescent CF and food consumption and determine the roles of sleep and stigma within these relationships. Adolescents completed questionnaires including the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function and Brief Version of the Stigmatizing Situations Inventory assessing weight stigma. Actigraphy and food diaries assessed typical sleep duration and food consumption. Participants then completed two sleep conditions in a randomized order: adequate (AS; >8 hours asleep) and restricted (RS; <5 hours asleep) sleep. Each condition was preceded by a 2-night washout period (9 hours in bed per night) and followed by a morning lab visit involving a cognitive battery and self-serve breakfast. Adolescents with healthy weight (HW) demonstrated greater performance-based episodic memory compared to adolescents with overweight/obesity (OWOB), but self-reported poorer inhibition, self-monitoring, and planning/organizing. Findings were similar in models using total body fat percent (TBF%) as a predictor, and stigma did not mediate these relationships. Adiposity did not relate to typical self-reported food consumption. RS predicted poorer performance-based global cognition, fluid cognition, and cognitive flexibility for adolescents with OWOB and improved cognitive flexibility among adolescents with HW. Adolescents with OWOB also had poorer attention compared to adolescents with HW following RS, while there were no group differences following AS. Findings were similar in models using TBF% as a predictor. However, adolescents with TBF% elevated above 42, also had poorer processing speed following RS, and the relationship between sleep and attention did not vary based on TBF%. RS also predicted decreased consumption of total calories, calories from processed foods, and fat for both BMI groups. This study increases understanding of the relationships among weight, CF, and food consumption, and the roles of sleep and stigma within these relationships. Adolescents with OWOB were more vulnerable to the negative cognitive effects of RS and RS predicted decreased consumption of calories and fat. Promotion of improved sleep hygiene and duration may be critical for the cognitive health of adolescents with OWOB.

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Elucidating The Nanoscale Architecture Of The Desmosome, William F. Dean Sep 2024

Elucidating The Nanoscale Architecture Of The Desmosome, William F. Dean

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Desmosomes are intercellular anchoring junctions that are crucial for maintaining the mechanical integrity of tissues routinely subjected to large forces, such as epithelia and cardiac muscle. Adhesion in desmosomes is mediated by a specialized class of transmembrane glycoproteins known as the desmosomal cadherins (DCs). Defects in desmosomal adhesion are associated with severe disease of the heart and skin and are frequently linked to mutations in the DCs. It is therefore important to understand the relationship between DC architecture and desmosome function. Accordingly, several groups have attempted to elucidate DC architecture—primarily using electron tomography (ET). However, ET studies of the desmosome …

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Pubertal Timing In Relation To Epigenetic Aging And Mortality Risk In Young Adulthood, Marlon Goering Sep 2024

Pubertal Timing In Relation To Epigenetic Aging And Mortality Risk In Young Adulthood, Marlon Goering

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Early pubertal timing is associated with adverse health outcomes in adulthood, which may be mediated by DNA methylation-based epigenetic changes associated with accelerated aging and mortality risk. However, only few studies examined links between pubertal timing and epigenetic aging and these focused mainly on females, relied on retrospective reports of single pubertal events, and did not examine protective factors and underlying mechanisms. Thus, this dissertation examined two distinct dimensions of pubertal timing (i.e., phenotypical pubertal timing relative to age and self-perceived pubertal timing relative to peers) in relation to subsequent epigenetic aging and mortality risk in adulthood together with sex …

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The T Cell Response In A Mouse Model Of Multiple System Atrophy, Nicole Jane Corbin-Stein Sep 2024

The T Cell Response In A Mouse Model Of Multiple System Atrophy, Nicole Jane Corbin-Stein

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Multiple System Atrophy (MSA) is a fatal and rare demyelinating synucleinopathy, characterized by the accumulation of alpha-synuclein (α-syn) in glial cytoplasmic inclusions (GCIs) within oligodendrocytes. This condition is marked by neuroinflammation, demyelination, and neurodegeneration in areas showing GCI pathology, involving antigen presentation by myeloid cells and infiltration of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. Despite strong evidence of neuroinflammation in post-mortem MSA tissue, the specific mechanisms driving the disease pathogenesis remain elusive. In prior research using the Olig001-SYN mouse model, which involves the modified AAV vector, it was shown that depleting CD4+ T cells can reduce neuroinflammation and demyelination. Notably, this …

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Testicular Phenotypes Of Rdhe Dko Mice, Aja Slay Sep 2024

Testicular Phenotypes Of Rdhe Dko Mice, Aja Slay

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The bioactive form of vitamin A, all-trans-retinoic acid (RA), plays a critical role in cell differentiation, metabolism, and cellular proliferation by regulating gene transcription. RA signaling is critical during embryogenesis to ensure proper development and during adulthood for tissue maintenance. Disruption of the RA signaling pathway induced by vitamin A deficiency and genetic defects in vitamin A metabolizing enzymes results in embryonic malformations. Previous studies implicate the short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase (SDR) family members as important in RA synthesis. Among the SDR family are retinol dehydrogenase epidermal 2 (RDHE2) and RDHE2-similar (RDHE2S)- collectively RDHE. To gain insight into how RDHE influences the …

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Symmetric Laminations Of Degree D And Identity Return Triangles In Degree 3, Thomas Sirna Sep 2024

Symmetric Laminations Of Degree D And Identity Return Triangles In Degree 3, Thomas Sirna

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Laminations of the unit disc were introduced by Thurston in the 1980s as a tool to study the Julia sets and the parameter spaces of complex polynomials. In general, a lamination will be the unit disc D (considered as a subset of the complex plane C, with the boundary of D denoted by S) along with a collection of chords in D that can only intersect at their endpoints on S. We call the chords of a lamination leaves. In most situations we also consider a map σd : S → S on the endpoints of the leaves defined by …

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Understanding Factors Influencing Employee Behaviors Towards Cybersecurity Awareness And An Alternative Training Method, Ryan L. Allen Sep 2024

Understanding Factors Influencing Employee Behaviors Towards Cybersecurity Awareness And An Alternative Training Method, Ryan L. Allen

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BACKGROUND : Healthcare organizations face an unprecedented challenge in protecting vital operations and patient data from cyber-attacks such as phishing attacks targeting employees. Current training programs generally consist of online courses as part of annual compliance training, meeting the requirements for HIPAA and most cyber-insurance companies; however, phishing continues to be the primary cause of healthcare data breaches. Combining aspects of the Theory of Planned Behavior and Organizational Commitment Theory, this study focuses on factors influencing employee behavior and ability and willingness to appropriately respond to phishing emails. This study introduces an additional training component focusing on short, targeted delivery …

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Hope In Hyperbaric Medicine: A New Approach To Treat Neurological Injury, Lucas Andrew Lowe Sep 2024

Hope In Hyperbaric Medicine: A New Approach To Treat Neurological Injury, Lucas Andrew Lowe

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Hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) has emerged as a promising adjunctive treatment approach for various neurological diseases. This literature review explores the role of HBOT in the treatment of spinal cord injuries. The review discusses the mechanisms of action by which HBOT exerts its effects on neural tissues, such as oxygen delivery, anti-inflammatory actions and neuroprotection. The analysis also highlights the findings from cellular biology, animal studies and clinical trials, offering insights into the potential benefits of HBOT in improving neurological injury outcomes and enhancing patients' quality of life. Furthermore, it addresses the safety considerations and guidelines for the application of …

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Investigation On The Epigenetic Mechanisms Modified By Dietary Phytochemicals In Inhibiting Mammary Cancer, Mohammad Mijanur Rahman Sep 2024

Investigation On The Epigenetic Mechanisms Modified By Dietary Phytochemicals In Inhibiting Mammary Cancer, Mohammad Mijanur Rahman

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Breast cancer (BC) is global burden for the health of women. It is the most commonly diagnosed cancer in women and the second leading cause of cancer mortality among women in the United States. One in every eight women in the USA has a chance of developing invasive BC in her lifetime. The limitations of the available therapeutics for BC treatment have brought the dietary prevention of BC to the attention of the scientific community as a safe, natural, and easy to implement therapeutic strategy. In this regard, our laboratory with many other laboratories have demonstrated the anti-BC effect of …

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Use Of Molecular Dynamics Simulations To Characterize Structural Interactions Of Protein And Drug In Antiviral Drug Discovery, Caitlin Joan Smith Sep 2024

Use Of Molecular Dynamics Simulations To Characterize Structural Interactions Of Protein And Drug In Antiviral Drug Discovery, Caitlin Joan Smith

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Since 2019, the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 the etiological cause of the COVID-19 pandemic has led researchers and physicians to look for effective antiviral treatments as interventions in mitigating COVID-19 disease. The severity of the disease and the limitations of current treatments have led to antiviral drug research beyond currently approved antiviral drugs. Many antivirals exist and are currently approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for other viral illnesses, yet currently only remdesivir and nirmatrelvir/ritonivir are approved for COVID-19 (October 2020, May 2023, respectively), while molnupiravir is still under emergency FDA use authorization [1, 2, 3]. Here, we have …

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Promoting Endogenous Cardiomyocyte Proliferation In Large Mammal Hearts Via Cell Transfer Therapy Or Apical Resection: Understanding The Underlying Mechanism, Yuhua Wei Sep 2024

Promoting Endogenous Cardiomyocyte Proliferation In Large Mammal Hearts Via Cell Transfer Therapy Or Apical Resection: Understanding The Underlying Mechanism, Yuhua Wei

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Cardiovascular diseases are the leading causes of global death. Due to the limit regenerative capacities of adult mammalian cardiomyocytes (CMs), myocardium is repaired with non-contractile fibrotic scar after a myocardial infarction (MI). Various strategies, including apical resection (AR) and cardiac cell therapy, are being explored to promote heart regeneration after MI. This dissertation research aimed to identify proliferating pig CM population after AR and understand the underlying mechanism of human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) derived CMs (hiPSC-CMs) implantation for regenerating the pig hearts after MI. Our previous study showed that AR prolonged the heart regeneration window to postnatal day-28 …

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The Association Of Environment And Organizational Factors And Community Collaboration To Address ‘Social Determinants Of Health', Ishwari Venkataraman Sep 2024

The Association Of Environment And Organizational Factors And Community Collaboration To Address ‘Social Determinants Of Health', Ishwari Venkataraman

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Upstream social and non-medical factors, known as social determinants of health (SDOH), significantly impact an individual and community’s health status. (SDOH includes housing, food, utility, transportation, education, and employment). It is not a hospital’s core competency to address SDOH. The preferred way to address SDOH and achieve health equity in a community is through a multi-sector collaborative effort. This study aimed to explore the association between a hospital’s environmental and organizational factors and the reported levels of collaboration with its community partners in addressing SDOH. The conceptual framework used in this study included the Interorganizational Collaboration Theory (IOC) and Contingency …

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The Impact Of Substrate Stiffness On Glycocalyx Expression In Cultured Endothelial Cells, Frances Green Sep 2024

The Impact Of Substrate Stiffness On Glycocalyx Expression In Cultured Endothelial Cells, Frances Green

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Cardiovascular diseases associated with aging pose a significant public health challenge, with vascular stiffening playing a central role in disease progression. This research explores the complex relationship between vascular stiffening and endothelial cell (EC) dysfunction, focusing specifically on the endothelial glycocalyx (eGCX), a critical protective layer of proteins and glycans that covers endothelial cells (ECs). Our approach involves culturing lung microvascular ECs on various ratios of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) substrates to simulate vascular stiffening conditions. The results of our study demonstrate an inverse correlation between substrate stiffness and eGCX expression, with softer substrates promoting eGCX integrity. Future research directions will incorporate …

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The Effect Of Lower Limb Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation On The Muscle And Metabolic Health After Acute Spinal Cord Injury, Amal Alharbi Sep 2024

The Effect Of Lower Limb Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation On The Muscle And Metabolic Health After Acute Spinal Cord Injury, Amal Alharbi

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Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a devastating event with long-term consequences for individuals and their families. It causes immediate disruption to neuronal pathways, leading to paralysis and loss of muscle function below the injury level. A few weeks after the injury, there is a rapid decline in contractile activity, muscle mass, and cross-sectional area. This leads to muscle fiber degeneration and a shift towards a higher proportion of fast glycolytic fibers, which are more prone to fatigue and less efficient in energy utilization. Severe muscle atrophy in SCI is closely linked to metabolic dysfunction, affecting overall health and rehabilitation recovery. …

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Hydrogen Peroxide Regulates Protein N-Glycosylation, Alexandria Hernandez-Nichols Sep 2024

Hydrogen Peroxide Regulates Protein N-Glycosylation, Alexandria Hernandez-Nichols

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N-glycosylation is a co- and post-translational modification wherein a variety of sugars are added to proteins in a linear pathway progressing from high mannose (HM) to hybrid, to complex type N-glycans. This modification is important to the understanding of protein maturation, stability, and function. Studies have shown that changes in cell N-glycomes, in particular, the HM N-glycan category, could be hallmarks of various pathologies. The biosynthetic pathway for N-glycosylation is well studied and the key enzymes involved in the progression of HM to hybrid N-glycans are the a-mannosidases. Little is understood about the regulation of this highly complex post-translational modification …

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The Rise And Fall Of Internal Colonialism As A Theory Of Race In Black Political Movements And Academia, Eric Davis Sep 2024

The Rise And Fall Of Internal Colonialism As A Theory Of Race In Black Political Movements And Academia, Eric Davis

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Throughout black/African history in the United States, various competitive ideas have emerged over time to take on the arduous task of theorizing race. From W.E.B. Du Bois’s famed assertion of the issue of race being one of racial discrimination--- summed up aptly as the“color line”--- to Malcolm X’s gradual recognition of the problem as one of Euro-American imperialism, to others, there has been no shortage of race theories. However, the ascension of contemporary theories of race has belied this diversity, obscuring the roles of other paradigms in shaping a mass consciousness of race, such as internal colonialism. This thesis applies …

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Everyday Functioning In Middle Aged And Older Adults With Hiv: Factors That Influence Everyday Functioning And Awareness Of Functioning, Alexandra Elaine Jacob Sep 2024

Everyday Functioning In Middle Aged And Older Adults With Hiv: Factors That Influence Everyday Functioning And Awareness Of Functioning, Alexandra Elaine Jacob

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With combination antiretroviral therapy (cART), the population of older people living with HIV (PLWH) is growing. There is a need to better understand everyday functioning, including instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs), to improve real-world outcomes for this clinical population. This dissertation attempts to (1) characterize factors related to self-report and performance of IADLs in PLWH, (2) examine correlates of self-awareness for functional abilities, and (3) apply a theoretical model to examine complex relationships between factors that impact self-awareness for functional abilities. Participants in these retrospective analyses included 260 PLWH who completed a comprehensive neurobehavioral evaluation including neuropsychological tests, measures …

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The Association Between Social Connectedness And Opioid Reuse Among Vulnerable Groups Receiving Medication For Opioid Use Disorder, Jolanda Lynn Hudson Sep 2024

The Association Between Social Connectedness And Opioid Reuse Among Vulnerable Groups Receiving Medication For Opioid Use Disorder, Jolanda Lynn Hudson

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THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN SOCIAL CONNECTEDNESS AND OPIOID REUSE AMONG VULNERABLE GROUPS RECEIVING MEDICATION FOR OPIOID USE DISORDER JOLANDA L. HUDSON PUBLIC HEALTH ABSTRACT Introduction: Opioid Use Disorder (OUD) is a serious illness that continues to persist despite the many efforts of researchers, physicians, government agencies, state, and local programs, to eliminate the mortality rate associated with this disease. Although manageable, OUD is still taking the lives of citizens due to illegal opioid misuse. Understanding the dynamics of the disease and the contributing factors in various populations may inform researchers in successful intervention outcomes. Methods: A retrospective secondary data analysis utilizing …

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Changes In Drug And Alcohol Behaviors Before And After An Educational Intervention Among At-Risk Adults And Youth, Isabel Cuellar Acker Sep 2024

Changes In Drug And Alcohol Behaviors Before And After An Educational Intervention Among At-Risk Adults And Youth, Isabel Cuellar Acker

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Introduction: Substance abuse is defined as the excessive use of a drug in a way that is detrimental to oneself, society, or both. Gender is important to examine because it is becoming more common for females to develop substance use disorders and for their substance use to be more severe. This study will address the role of an education-based intervention on substance abuse in an area that is at the intersection of rural and urban geography with a unique pool of participants. Methods: This is a longitudinal cohort study that has a pre-post intervention design. A linear model was used …

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Prevention Of Spina Bifida Through Fortification Of Iodized Salt With Folic Acid, Anastasia Arynchyna Smith Sep 2024

Prevention Of Spina Bifida Through Fortification Of Iodized Salt With Folic Acid, Anastasia Arynchyna Smith

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The overarching goal of the three-paper dissertation is to address the gaps in the literature on the clinical care burden of preventable spina bifida on the global neurosurgical community and the need for a universal food vehicle for fortification with folic acid as a novel prevention strategy. It is known that sufficient intake of folic acid is imperative to prevent neural tube defects (spina bifida) in the developing fetus in the first month post-conception. It is also known that fortifying staple foods is the most cost-saving and effective prevention method. However, very few countries have mandatory fortification policies. Therefore, the …

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Reduced Order Modeling (Rom) Using Machine Learning Techniques For Analyzing Fluid Flow Around A Ground Vehicle, Emmanuel Ong'aro Ramogi Sep 2024

Reduced Order Modeling (Rom) Using Machine Learning Techniques For Analyzing Fluid Flow Around A Ground Vehicle, Emmanuel Ong'aro Ramogi

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Predicting wind and temperature fields around military vehicles during extended missions is crucial to avoid detectability by infrared (IR) devices. Also, the abrupt shifting of wind direction can have a significant impact on vehicle stability. This is a challenging task due to the vehicles' geometric complexity and the unpredictable nature of wind direction, which can shift abruptly. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) is routinely used for calculating the flow fields around ground vehicles. However, this requires extensive computational time and memory, making it unsuitable for real-time analysis. To address these challenges, this research focuses on machine learning (ML) techniques for accurate …

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Combination Of 64/67cu Theranostics And Immunotherapy Targeting Fibroblast Activation Protein In Triple Negative Breast Cancer, Fnu Sharmila Sridhar Sep 2024

Combination Of 64/67cu Theranostics And Immunotherapy Targeting Fibroblast Activation Protein In Triple Negative Breast Cancer, Fnu Sharmila Sridhar

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Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) makes up 10-20% of breast cancer cases. Even with advancements in science, TNBC is treatment resistant due to the lack of any type of hormonal receptors on the cell surface making it difficult for targeted hormonal therapy. New research avenues have led to studies of the Tumor-microenvironment (TME) in detail. TME is a complex network of stromal cells, extracellular matrix (ECM) and cancer associated fibroblasts (CAFs) with pro-tumorigenic properties and plays a major role in tumor growth. Fibroblast activation protein (FAP) is a marker of CAF and promotes ECM remodeling through several pathways and has …

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Health Seeking Behaviors Of Pregnant And Post-Partum Women Living With Hiv In A Rural Region Of Kenya - A Mixed Method Study, Sandra Korkor Chrapah Sep 2024

Health Seeking Behaviors Of Pregnant And Post-Partum Women Living With Hiv In A Rural Region Of Kenya - A Mixed Method Study, Sandra Korkor Chrapah

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Maternal and Child Health (MCH) services, including antenatal care (ANC), postnatal care (PNC), and HIV services are crucial in preventing adverse pregnancy outcomes for pregnant/postpartum women and their infants. However, the utilization of these services remains low for pregnant/postpartum women living in Africa. The recent COVID-19 pandemic with the associated low utilization of MCH services poses a threat to the improvements made over the years. This dissertation proposal aimed to examine the relationship between HIV status and health service utilization (HSU) and outcomes for pregnant/postpartum women living in a rural region in Kenya. I adopted a convergent parallel mixed methods …

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