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Articles 1531 - 1560 of 1690
Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network
Timeline Prediction Framework For Iterative Software Engineering Projects With Changes, Kay Berkling, Georgios Kiragiannis, Armin Zundel, Subhajit Datta
Timeline Prediction Framework For Iterative Software Engineering Projects With Changes, Kay Berkling, Georgios Kiragiannis, Armin Zundel, Subhajit Datta
Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems
Even today, software projects still suffer from delays and budget overspending. The causes for this problem are compounded when the project team is distributed across different locations and generally attributed to the decreasing ability to communicate well (due to cultural, linguistic, and physical distance). Many projects, especially those with off-shoring component, consist of small iterations with changes, deletions and additions, yet there is no formal model of the flow of iterations available. A number of commercially available project prediction tools for projects as a whole exist, but the model adaptation process by iteration, if it exists, is unclear. Furthermore, no …
Broadening International Perspectives On The Legal Environment For Personnel Selection, Brett Myors, Filip Lievens, Greet Van Hoye, Steven F Cronshaw, Antonio Mladinic, Viviana Rodriguez, Herman Aguinis, Dirk D Steiner, Florence Rolland, Heinz Schuler, Andreas Frintrup, Ioannis Nikolaou, Maria Tomprou, S Subramony, Shabu B Raj, Shay Tzafrir, Peter Bamberger, Marilena Bertolino, Marco Mariani, Franco Fraccaroli
Broadening International Perspectives On The Legal Environment For Personnel Selection, Brett Myors, Filip Lievens, Greet Van Hoye, Steven F Cronshaw, Antonio Mladinic, Viviana Rodriguez, Herman Aguinis, Dirk D Steiner, Florence Rolland, Heinz Schuler, Andreas Frintrup, Ioannis Nikolaou, Maria Tomprou, S Subramony, Shabu B Raj, Shay Tzafrir, Peter Bamberger, Marilena Bertolino, Marco Mariani, Franco Fraccaroli
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
Perspectives from 22 countries on aspects of the legal environment for selection are presented. Issues addressed include a) whether there are racial/ethnic/religious subgroups viewed as “disadvantaged minority”, b) whether research documents mean differences between groups on individual difference measures relevant to job performance, whether there are laws prohibiting discrimination against specific groups, d) what is required to make and refute a claim of discrimination, e) what are the consequences of violation of the laws, f) whether particular selection methods are limited or banned, g) whether preferential treatment of members of minority groups is permitted, and h) whether the practice of …
International Perspectives On The Legal Environment For Selection, Brett Myors, Filip Lievens, Steven F. Cronshow, E Schollaert, G Van Hoye, A Mladinic, V Rodriguez, H Aguinis, Dd Steiner, F Rolland, H Schuler, A Frintrup, I Nikolaou, M Tomprou, S Subramony, Sb Raj, S Tzafrir, P Bamberger, M Bertolino, M Mariani
International Perspectives On The Legal Environment For Selection, Brett Myors, Filip Lievens, Steven F. Cronshow, E Schollaert, G Van Hoye, A Mladinic, V Rodriguez, H Aguinis, Dd Steiner, F Rolland, H Schuler, A Frintrup, I Nikolaou, M Tomprou, S Subramony, Sb Raj, S Tzafrir, P Bamberger, M Bertolino, M Mariani
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
Perspectives from 22 countries on aspects of the legal environment for selection are presented in this article. Issues addressed include (a) whether there are racial/ethnic/religious subgroups viewed as "disadvantaged,'' (b) whether research documents mean differences between groups on individual difference measures relevant to job performance, (c) whether there are laws prohibiting discrimination against specific groups, (d) the evidence required to make and refute a claim of discrimination, (e) the consequences of violation of the laws, (f) whether particular selection methods are limited or banned, (g) whether preferential treatment of members of disadvantaged groups is permitted, and (h) whether the practice …
A Multimodal And Multilevel Ranking Scheme For Large-Scale Video Retrieval, Steven C. H. Hoi, Michael R. Lyu
A Multimodal And Multilevel Ranking Scheme For Large-Scale Video Retrieval, Steven C. H. Hoi, Michael R. Lyu
Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems
A critical issue of large-scale multimedia retrieval is how to develop an effective framework for ranking the search results. This problem is particularly challenging for content-based video retrieval due to some issues such as short text queries, insufficient sample learning, fusion of multimodal contents, and large-scale learning with huge media data. In this paper, we propose a novel multimodal and multilevel (MMML) ranking framework to attack the challenging ranking problem of content-based video retrieval. We represent the video retrieval task by graphs and suggest a graph based semi-supervised ranking (SSR) scheme, which can learn with small samples effectively and integrate …
A Formal Model Of Semantic Web Service Ontology (Wsmo) Execution, Hai H. Wang, Nick Gibbins, Terry R. Payne, Ahmed Saleh, Jun Sun
A Formal Model Of Semantic Web Service Ontology (Wsmo) Execution, Hai H. Wang, Nick Gibbins, Terry R. Payne, Ahmed Saleh, Jun Sun
Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems
Semantic Web services have been one of the most significant research areas within the semantic Web vision, and have been recognized as a promising technology that exhibits huge commercial potential. Current semantic Web service research focuses on defining models and languages for the semantic markup of all relevant aspects of services, which are accessible through a Web service interface. The Web service modelling ontology (WSMO) is one of the most significant semantic Web service framework proposed to date. To support the standardization and tool support of WSMO, a formal semantics of the language is highly desirable. As there are a …
Multicultural Experience Enhances Creativity: The When And How, Angela K. Y. Leung, William W. Maddux, Adam D. Galinsky, Chi-Yue Chiu
Multicultural Experience Enhances Creativity: The When And How, Angela K. Y. Leung, William W. Maddux, Adam D. Galinsky, Chi-Yue Chiu
Research Collection School of Social Sciences
Many practices aimed at cultivating multicultural competence in educational and organizational settings (e.g., exchange programs, diversity education in college, diversity management at work) assume that multicultural experience fosters creativity. In line with this assumption, the research reported in this article is the first to empirically demonstrate that exposure to multiple cultures in and of itself can enhance creativity. Overall, the authors found that extensiveness of multicultural experiences was positively related to both creative performance (insight learning, remote association, and idea generation) and creativity-supporting cognitive processes (retrieval of unconventional knowledge, recruitment of ideas from unfamiliar cultures for creative idea expansion). Furthermore, …
A Cross-Nations, Cross-Cultures, And Cross-Conditions Analysis On The Equivalence Of The Balanced Inventory Of Desirable Responding (Bidr), Andrew Li, Jochen Reb
A Cross-Nations, Cross-Cultures, And Cross-Conditions Analysis On The Equivalence Of The Balanced Inventory Of Desirable Responding (Bidr), Andrew Li, Jochen Reb
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
This article examines measurement equivalence of the Balanced Inventory of Desirable Responding (BIDR) across two nations (the United States and Singapore), two cultural values (horizontal individualism and horizontal collectivism) and two motivational conditions (standard and faking). One sample of undergraduate students from each country (N Singapore = 158, N United States = 166) participated in this study, and a within-subject experimental design is used. Specifically, at Time 1, participants were simply asked to respond to the BIDR and the INDCOL (standard condition). At Time 2, the participants were instructed to engage in social desirability (faking condition). Multigroup confirmatory factor analyses …
How Friendly Is Too Friendly?, M. Thulasidas
How Friendly Is Too Friendly?, M. Thulasidas
Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems
Being a boss is tough and being a good boss is a tricky balancing act. One issue many bosses face is: How friendly can they become with their team?
Are De Jure Labor Laws Absolute? Formal Manufacturing In India, Gurmeet Singh Ghumman
Are De Jure Labor Laws Absolute? Formal Manufacturing In India, Gurmeet Singh Ghumman
Dissertations and Theses Collection (Open Access)
We investigate the view that de facto labor market conditions are important in evaluating the effects of labor institutions in developing countries where enactment does not necessarily imply enforcement. Using India as a case study we empirically investigate the effects of labor markets on the organized manufacturing sector from 1970 to 1997. Recognizing that the state can intervene in the outcome of labor disputes we construct a measure to proxy the degree of the state legislature's prejudice towards pro-worker causes. We argue that leftist and communist political parties can interfere in the resolution of disputes in favor of workers through …
Stock Markets And Income Inequality: A Cross-Country Study, Elizabeth Mathew
Stock Markets And Income Inequality: A Cross-Country Study, Elizabeth Mathew
Dissertations and Theses Collection (Open Access)
This paper conducts a comprehensive analysis to understand how stock market ratios affect net income inequality. The study of how finance impacts income distribution is relevant as the income distribution of a nation influences savings decisions, resource allocation, innovation incentives and public policy and hence impacts the process of economic development. Using a cross-sectional data set of 68 countries and panel data set of 61 countries from 1975 to 2005, I apply cross-sectional OLS and panel regressions to look at how stock market size, liquidity, and activity impact income inequality. While stock market size is found to strongly impact income …
Anarcho-Multiculturalism: The Pure Theory Of Liberalism, Chandran Kukathas
Anarcho-Multiculturalism: The Pure Theory Of Liberalism, Chandran Kukathas
Research Collection School of Social Sciences
Most modern states today are, at least to some degree, culturally diverse.Trade, tourism, international dialogue among scholars, scientists, and artists,and the movement of skilled labor—as well as migration—have ensured thatfew countries do not contain within them significant numbers of people fromalien cultures. The one cultural minority found almost everywhere is the international frequent flyer. Many societies today are multicultural because theyare open to a diversity of peoples who come and go and, sometimes, stay.
Document Selection For Extracting Entity And Relationship Instances Of Terrorist Events, Zhen Sun, Ee Peng Lim, Kuiyu Chang, Maggy Anastasia Suryanto, Rohan Kumar Gunaratna
Document Selection For Extracting Entity And Relationship Instances Of Terrorist Events, Zhen Sun, Ee Peng Lim, Kuiyu Chang, Maggy Anastasia Suryanto, Rohan Kumar Gunaratna
Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems
In this chapter, we study the problem of selecting documents so as to extract terrorist event information from a collection of documents. We represent an event by its entity and relation instances. Very often, these entity and relation instances have to be extracted from multiple documents. We therefore define an information extraction (IE) task as selecting documents and extracting from which entity and relation instances relevant to a user-specified event (aka domain specific event entity and relation extraction). We adopt domain specific IE patterns to extract potentially relevant entity and relation instances from documents, and develop a number of document …
International New Ventures: Revisiting The Influences Behind The 'Born-Global' Firm, Terence P. C. Fan, Phillip Phan
International New Ventures: Revisiting The Influences Behind The 'Born-Global' Firm, Terence P. C. Fan, Phillip Phan
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
There is a small but theoretically important literature on 'born-globals' or international new venture firms that positions itself in contrast to the more established sequential international entry literature. In this paper we examine the pattern of entry into international markets for a set of international new ventures and show that they need not be a distinct breed of firms, as previous research has portrayed. Absent a specific technological advantage, the decision for a new venture to internationalize at inception is influenced by the size of its home market and by its production capacity, as well as by cultural and economic …
Experimenting Vireo-374: Bag-Of-Visual-Words And Visual-Based Ontology For Semantic Video Indexing And Search, Chong-Wah Ngo, Yu-Gang Jiang, Xiaoyong Wei, Feng Wang, Wanlei Zhao, Hung-Khoon Tan, Xiao Wu
Experimenting Vireo-374: Bag-Of-Visual-Words And Visual-Based Ontology For Semantic Video Indexing And Search, Chong-Wah Ngo, Yu-Gang Jiang, Xiaoyong Wei, Feng Wang, Wanlei Zhao, Hung-Khoon Tan, Xiao Wu
Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems
In this paper, we present our approaches and results of high-level feature extraction and automatic video search in TRECVID-2007.
Ontology-Enriched Semantic Space For Video Search, Xiao-Yong Wei, Chong-Wah Ngo
Ontology-Enriched Semantic Space For Video Search, Xiao-Yong Wei, Chong-Wah Ngo
Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems
Multimedia-based ontology construction and reasoning have recently been recognized as two important issues in video search, particularly for bridging semantic gap. The lack of coincidence between low-level features and user expectation makes concept-based ontology reasoning an attractive midlevel framework for interpreting high-level semantics. In this paper, we propose a novel model, namely ontology-enriched semantic space (OSS), to provide a computable platform for modeling and reasoning concepts in a linear space. OSS enlightens the possibility of answering conceptual questions such as a high coverage of semantic space with minimal set of concepts, and the set of concepts to be developed for …
Deception In Cyberspace: A Comparison Of Text-Only Vs. Avatar-Supported Medium, Holtjona Galanxhi, Fiona Fui-Hoon Nah
Deception In Cyberspace: A Comparison Of Text-Only Vs. Avatar-Supported Medium, Holtjona Galanxhi, Fiona Fui-Hoon Nah
Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems
The use of anthropomorphic avatars provides Internet users the opportunity and freedom to manipulate their identity. As cyberspace becomes a haven for deceptive behavior, human–computer interaction research will need to be carried out to study and understand these deceptive behaviors. The objective of this research is to investigate the behavior of deceivers and non-deceivers (or truth-tellers) in the cyberspace environment. We examine if the intention to deceive others influences one's choice of avatars in the online chat environment. We also investigate if communication medium (text-only vs. avatar-supported chat) influences one's perception of trustworthiness of the communication partner. A lab experiment …
An Artificial Immune System Based Approach For English Grammar Correction, Akshat Kumar, Shivashankar B. Nair
An Artificial Immune System Based Approach For English Grammar Correction, Akshat Kumar, Shivashankar B. Nair
Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems
Grammar checking and correction comprise of the primary problems in the area of Natural Language Processing (NLP). Traditional approaches fall into two major categories: Rule based and Corpus based. While the former relies heavily on grammar rules the latter approach is statistical in nature. We provide a novel corpus based approach for grammar checking that uses the principles of an Artificial Immune System (AIS).We treat grammatical error as pathogens (in immunological terms) and build antibody detectors capable of detecting grammatical errors while allowing correct constructs to filter through. Our results show that it is possible to detect a range of …
Situational Judgment Tests In High-Stakes Settings: Issues And Strategies With Generating Alternate Forms, Filip Lievens, Paul R. Sackett
Situational Judgment Tests In High-Stakes Settings: Issues And Strategies With Generating Alternate Forms, Filip Lievens, Paul R. Sackett
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
This study used principles underlying item generation theory to posit competing perspectives about which features of situational judgment tests might enhance or impede consistent measurement across repeat test administrations. This led to 3 alternate-form development approaches (random assignment, incident isomorphism, and item isomorphism). The effects of these approaches on alternate-form consistency, mean score changes, and criterion-related validity were examined in a high-stakes context (N = 3,361). Generally, results revealed that even small changes in the context of the situations presented resulted in significantly lower alternate-form consistency. Conversely, placing more constraints on the alternate-form development process proved beneficial. The contributions, implications, …
Cross-Lingual Query Suggestion Using Query Logs Of Different Languages, Wei Gao, Cheng Niu, Jian-Yun Nie, Ming Zhou, Jian Hu, Kam-Fai Wong, Hsiao-Wuen Hon
Cross-Lingual Query Suggestion Using Query Logs Of Different Languages, Wei Gao, Cheng Niu, Jian-Yun Nie, Ming Zhou, Jian Hu, Kam-Fai Wong, Hsiao-Wuen Hon
Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems
Query suggestion aims to suggest relevant queries for a given query, which help users better specify their information needs. Previously, the suggested terms are mostly in the same language of the input query. In this paper, we extend it to cross-lingual query suggestion (CLQS): for a query in one language, we suggest similar or relevant queries in other languages. This is very important to scenarios of cross-language information retrieval (CLIR) and cross-lingual keyword bidding for search engine advertisement. Instead of relying on existing query translation technologies for CLQS, we present an effective means to map the input query of one …
Researching Situated Learning: Participation, Identity And Practices In Client-Consultant Relationships, Karen Handley, Timothy Adrian Robert Clark, Robin Fincham, Andrew Sturdy
Researching Situated Learning: Participation, Identity And Practices In Client-Consultant Relationships, Karen Handley, Timothy Adrian Robert Clark, Robin Fincham, Andrew Sturdy
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
Situated learning theory has emerged as a radical alternative to conventional cognitivist theories of knowledge and learning, emphasizing the relational and structural aspects of learning as well as the dynamics of identity construction. However, although many researchers have embraced the theoretical strengths of this perspective, methodological and operational issues remain undeveloped in the literature. This article seeks to address these deficiencies by developing a conceptual framework informed by situated learning theory and by investigating the methodological implications. The framework is applied in the context of an empirical study of how management consultants learn the practices and identities appropriate to clientconsultant …
Instance Weighting For Domain Adaptation In Nlp, Jing Jiang, Chengxiang Zhai
Instance Weighting For Domain Adaptation In Nlp, Jing Jiang, Chengxiang Zhai
Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems
Domain adaptation is an important problem in natural language processing (NLP) due to the lack of labeled data in novel domains. In this paper, we study the domain adaptation problem from the instance weighting per- spective. We formally analyze and charac- terize the domain adaptation problem from a distributional view, and show that there are two distinct needs for adaptation, cor- responding to the different distributions of instances and classification functions in the source and the target domains. We then propose a general instance weighting frame- work for domain adaptation. Our empir- ical results on three NLP tasks show that …
Learning To Classify E-Mail, Irena Koprinska, Josiah Poon, James Clark, Jason Yuk Hin Chan
Learning To Classify E-Mail, Irena Koprinska, Josiah Poon, James Clark, Jason Yuk Hin Chan
Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems
In this paper we study supervised and semi-supervised classification of e-mails. We consider two tasks: filing e-mails into folders and spam e-mail filtering. Firstly, in a supervised learning setting, we investigate the use of random forest for automatic e-mail filing into folders and spam e-mail filtering. We show that random forest is a good choice for these tasks as it runs fast on large and high dimensional databases, is easy to tune and is highly accurate, outperforming popular algorithms such as decision trees, support vector machines and naive Bayes. We introduce a new accurate feature selector with linear time complexity. …
Socialization And The Business School, Stefano Harney
Socialization And The Business School, Stefano Harney
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
There is a new phase in the generalization of management capacities, but contrary to the assumptions of critical management educators, the investment in the business school has not been to socialize more students into this generalized management, but to seek the principle of generalization in these students themselves as part of a struggle between capital and labour. Using the insights of autonomist feminist theorists, this article attempts to analyse why critical management education has been unable to find a new object appropriate to this new generalization of management, and speculates on what the critical and political benefits might be of …
Perceived Cultural Importance And Actual Self-Importance Of Values In Cultural Identification, Ching Wan, Chi-Yue Chiu, Kim-Pong Tam, Sau-Lai Lee, Ivy Yee-Man Lau, Siqing Peng
Perceived Cultural Importance And Actual Self-Importance Of Values In Cultural Identification, Ching Wan, Chi-Yue Chiu, Kim-Pong Tam, Sau-Lai Lee, Ivy Yee-Man Lau, Siqing Peng
Research Collection School of Social Sciences
Cross-cultural psychologists assume that core cultural values define to a large extent what a culture is. Typically, core values are identified through an actual self-importance approach, in which core values are those that members of the culture as a group strongly endorse. In this article, the authors propose a perceived cultural importance approach to identifying core values, in which core values are values that members of the culture as a group generally believe to be important in the culture. In 5 studies, the authors examine the utility of the perceived cultural importance approach. Results consistently showed that, compared with values …
Anticipatory Event Detection Via Classification, He Qi, Kuiyu Chang, Ee Peng Lim
Anticipatory Event Detection Via Classification, He Qi, Kuiyu Chang, Ee Peng Lim
Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems
The idea of event detection is to identify interesting patterns from a constant stream of incoming news documents. Previous research in event detection has largely focused on identifying the first event or tracking subsequent events belonging to a set of pre-assigned topics such as earthquakes, airline disasters, etc. In this paper, we describe a new problem, called anticipatory event detection (AED), which aims to detect if a user-specified event has transpired. AED can be viewed as a personalized combination of event tracking and new event detection. We propose using sentence-level and document-level classification approaches to solve the AED problem for …
Moore's Paradoxes And Iterated Belief, John N. Williams
Moore's Paradoxes And Iterated Belief, John N. Williams
Research Collection School of Social Sciences
I give an account of the absurdity of Moorean beliefs of the omissive form (om) p and I don’t believe that p, and the commissive form (com) p and I believe that not-p, from which I extract a definition of Moorean absurdity. I then argue for an account of the absurdity of Moorean assertion. After neutralizing two objections to my whole account, I show that Roy Sorensen’s own account of the absurdity of his ‘iterated cases’ (om1) p and I don’t believe that I believe that p, and (com1) p and I believe that I believe that not-p, is unsatisfactory. …
Businessfinder: Harnessing Presence To Enable Live Yellow Pages For Small, Medium And Micro Mobile Businesses, D. Chakraborty, K. Dasgupta, S. Mittal, Archan Misra, C. Oberle, A. Gupta, E. Newmark
Businessfinder: Harnessing Presence To Enable Live Yellow Pages For Small, Medium And Micro Mobile Businesses, D. Chakraborty, K. Dasgupta, S. Mittal, Archan Misra, C. Oberle, A. Gupta, E. Newmark
Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems
Applications leveraging network presence in next-generation cellular networks have so far focused on subscription queries, where "presence" information is extracted from specific devices and sent to entities who have subscribed to such presence information. In this article we present BusinessFinder, a service that leverages the underlying cellular presence substrate to provide efficient, on-demand, context-aware matching of customer requests to nomadic micro businesses as well as small and medium businesses having a mobile workforce. Presence, in the context of BusinessFinder, is not simply limited to phone location and device status, but also encompasses dynamic attributes of vendors (both "mobile" and "static"), …
Changing Transitions To Adulthood In Vietnam's Remote Northern Uplands: A Focus On Ethnic Minority Youth And Their Families, Bussarawan Teerawichitchainan, Hac Van Vinh, Nguyen Thi Phuong Lan
Changing Transitions To Adulthood In Vietnam's Remote Northern Uplands: A Focus On Ethnic Minority Youth And Their Families, Bussarawan Teerawichitchainan, Hac Van Vinh, Nguyen Thi Phuong Lan
Research Collection School of Social Sciences
Vietnam’s rapid economic growth has provided young Vietnamese new opportunities unheard of in their parents’ generation. This is, however, not the case for ethnic minority youth. Many of them are among the poorest, least healthy, and least educated. Ethnic minorities, who tend to live in remote mountainous areas, account for 15 percent of Vietnam’s 84 million total population and, according to a recent estimate, 61 percent of them are poor. Evidence suggests that despite recent efforts of the Government of Vietnam in promoting poverty reduction in remote areas, a majority of ethnic minorities have not yet experienced positive change, contrary …
Reiterated Commemoration: Hiroshima As National Trauma, Hiro Saito
Reiterated Commemoration: Hiroshima As National Trauma, Hiro Saito
Research Collection School of Social Sciences
This article examines historical transformations of Japanese collective memory of the atomic bombing of Hiroshima by utilizing a theoretical framework that combines a model of reiterated problem solving and a theory of cultural trauma. I illustrate how the event of the nuclear fallout in March 1954 allowed actors to consolidate previously fragmented commemorative practices into a master frame to define the postwar Japanese identity in terms of transnational commemoration of "Hiroshima." I also show that nationalization of trauma of "Hiroshima" involved a shift from pity to sympathy in structures of feeling about the event. This historical study suggests that a …
Assimilation And Contrast Effects In Cultural Frame Switching: Bicultural Identity Integration And Valence Of Cultural Cues, Chi-Ying Cheng, Fiona Lee, Veronica Benet-Martinez
Assimilation And Contrast Effects In Cultural Frame Switching: Bicultural Identity Integration And Valence Of Cultural Cues, Chi-Ying Cheng, Fiona Lee, Veronica Benet-Martinez
Research Collection School of Social Sciences
This study examines how the valence of cultural cues in the environment moderates the way biculturals shift between multiple cultural identities. The authors found that when exposed to positive cultural cues, biculturals who perceive their cultural identities as compatible (high bicultural identity integration, or high BII) respond in culturally congruent ways, whereas biculturals who perceive their cultural identities as conflicting (low BII) respond in culturally incongruent ways. The opposite was true for negative cultural cues. These results show that both high and low BIIs can exhibit culturally congruent or incongruent behaviors, and have implications for understanding situations where high and …