Digital Commons Network^™

Computer Location Of Drainage Networks By An Interactive Line Following Algorithm, L. Montoto

LARS Symposia

An algorithm is described designed to locate and connect linear features with identical characteristics on multispectral images. The input is a map of magnitudes (PM(i,j)) and line orientations (PR(i,j)) produced by an edge and curve detection algorithm which uses a window of 5x5 pixels centered at every pixel belonging to an edge and looks for a preferred line in that pixel along 0°, 45°, 90° or 135° (PR=1,2,3,4,. PR=5 means indetermined orientation). Noisy results coming from the local line detection operation are avoided using a radiometric corrected input image on a combination of bands together with an appropriate threshold.

An Overview Of Vegetation Canopy Modeling For Signature Correction And Analyses, Joseph K. Berry, James A. Smith

LARS Symposia

Modeling of the interaction of solar radiation with vegetation canopies offers a tool for sensor design, signature extension, and relating intrinsic scene parameters to composite scene response. Theoretical approaches include both the deterministic solution of a system of simultaneous differential equations and Monte Carlo Modeling which treats the canopy as consisting of layered statistical ensembles of foliage elements against a soil background. In this paper the authors discuss several applications of canopy modeling to the general problem of understanding and correcting signature variations.

Discussion will emphasize a Monte Carlo model that was originally developed to investigate the bidirectional reflectance character …

Two Phase Sampling For Wheat Acreage Estimation, Randall W. Thomas, Claire M. Hay

LARS Symposia

A two phase Landsat-based sample allocation and wheat proportion estimation method was developed. This technique employs manual, Landsat full frame-based wheat or cultivated land proportion estimates from a large number of segments comprising; a first sample phase to optimally allocate a smaller phase two sample of computer or manually processed segments. Application to the Kansas Southwest CRD for 1974 produced a wheat acreage estimate for that CRD within 2.42 percent of the USDA SRS-based estimate using a lower CRD inventory budget than for a simulated reference LACIE system. Factor of 2 or greater cost or precision improvements relative to the …

A Four-Dimensional Histogram Approach To The Clustering Of Landsat Data, Morris Goldberg, Seymour Shlien

LARS Symposia

Unsupervised classification of LANDSAT imagery can be accomplished very efficiently by using a four-dimensional histogram in table form. The clustering scheme isolates the peaks in the distribution which are used as cluster centers to classify the remaining vectors in the histogram. The general outlines of this scheme, detailed description and programming implementation are given together with flow diagrams. The program has been implemented on both DEC PDP-10 and DEC PDP-11/40 computers. A discussion of the extension of the algorithm to other than LANDSAT imagery is also given.

Estimating Costs And Performance Of Systems For Machine Processing Of Remotely Sensed Data, Richard J. Ballard, Lester F. Eastwood

LARS Symposia

This paper outlines a method for estimating computer processing times and costs incurred in producing information products from digital remotely sensed data. The method accounts for both computation and overhead, and it may be applied to any serial computer. We apply the method to estimate the cost and computer time involved in producing Level II Land Use and Vegetative Cover Maps for a five-state, mid-western region. Our results show that the amount of data to be processed overloads some example computer systems, but that the processing is feasible on others.

Landsat Digital Data Application To Forest Vegetation And Land Use Classification In Minnesota, Roy A. Mead, Merle P. Meyer

LARS Symposia

LANDSAT digital data were used to map eleven categories of land cover in north central Minnesota. The classification accuracy of these maps was found to be very low and they were not adequate for use by field level resource managers. A discussion of the advantages and disadvantages of various processing systems, different algorithms, and the problems in selecting training sets, is included.

Traffic Speed Report No. 98 : Interim Report, Graham S. Toft, George K. Stafford

JTRP Technical Reports

No abstract provided.

On The Transfer Of Remote Sensing Technology To An Operational Data System, Denton J. Tarbet, Timothy T. White

LARS Symposia

The dynamics of transferring remote sensing technology to operational activities of a user agency are explored. The particular evaluation criteria of the Foreign Agricultural Service serve as the motivation for a framework which organizes information to provide a quantitative basis for management decision relative to technique and procedure acceptance for transfer.

Crop Identification And Area Estimation By Computer-Aided Analysis Of Landsat Data, Marvin E. Bauer, Marilyn M. Hixson, Barbara J. Davis, Jeanne B. Etheridge

LARS Symposia

This report describes the results of a study involving the use of computer-aided analysis techniques applied to Landsat W S data for identification and area estimation of winter wheat in Kansas and corn and soybeans in Indiana. Key elements of the approach included use of aerial photography for classifier training, stratification of Landsat data and extension of training statistics to areas without training data, and classification of a systematic sample of pixels from each county. Major results and conclusions are: (1) Landsat data was adequate for accurate identification and area estimation of winter wheat in Kansas, but corn and soybean …

An Interactive System For Agricultural Acreage Estimates Using Landsat Data, Martin Ozga, Walter E. Donovan, Chapman P. Gleason

LARS Symposia

This paper describes interactive software systems for making agricultural crop acreage estimates using LANDSAT MSS data developed jointly by the Center for Advanced Computation of the University of Illinois and the Statistical Reporting Service of the United States Department of Agriculture. These acreage estimation procedures have been incorporated into, and use features previously developed in, EDITOR. EDITOR is an interactive file management and image processing system developed by the Center for Advanced Computation in collaboration with USGS/DI, NASA/AMES, and USDA/SRS. The crop acreage estimation software is implemented as part of the EDITOR system on TENEX, a modified DEC SYSTEM-10. The …

Effects Of Atmosphere, Temperature And Emittance On Remotely Sensed Data, Ravindra Kumar

LARS Symposia

The purpose of this work was to study the effects of temperature and emittance on the relative magnitudes of remotely sensed reflected and emitted energy from a natural target, taking into account atmospheric effects.

LOWTRAN 3 program was used to calculate the transmittance of the atmosphere. The LOWTRAN 3 program is strictly empirical and calculates the transmittance (averaged over a 0.014 µm interval) for a given atmospheric path from 0.25 to 28.5 µm for six model atmospheres and two aerosol models. In addition, radiosonde data, if available, can also be used instead of the model atmospheres.

To create illustrations of …

A Table Look-Up Procedure For Rapidly Mapping Vegetation Cover And Crop Development, Arthur J. Richardson, C. L. Wiegand

LARS Symposia

LANDSAT-1 and -2 multispectral scanner (MSS) data from six overpass dates (April 2, May 17, June 4, July 10, October 17, and December 10, 1975) showed that MSS digital data for bare soil, cloud tops, and cloud shadows followed a highly predictable linear relation (soil background line) for MSS bands 5 and 7 (r2 = 0.974). Increasing vegetation development, documented by leaf area index measurements, for 1973 grain sorghum fields, was associated with displacement of sorghum MSS digital counts away from the soil background line. The LANDSAT data space surrounding the soil background line for MSS5 and MSS7 was divided …

Isursl Levels Classification: A Low Cost Approach To Multispectral Data Analysis, Richard F. Hyde, Samuel N. Goward, Paul W. Mausel

LARS Symposia

The Indiana State University Remote Sensing Laboratory (ISURSL) recognized that the promise of low-cost earth resource evaluation through machine-assisted processing of multispectral (MS) data has not been fully realized. In response to this problem the ISURSL has developed a complete low-cost system of processing MS data which minimizes analysis time for both man and computer while simultaneously maximizing utilization of the data. The basis of the ISURSL classification algorithm, designated LEVELS CLASSIFIER, is identification of numeric boundaries located in multidimensional feature space which differentiate features of interest. Land use classes of interest to an analyst are described by the range …

Tabular Data Base Construction And Analysis From Thematic Classified Landsat Imagery Of Portland, Oregon, Nevin A. Bryant, Anthony J. George, Richard Hegdahl

LARS Symposia

The creation of a land use map of the Portland, Oregon region from LANDSAT has proven to be a useful demonstration that helped substantiate the utility of satellite thematic mapping for regional planning purposes. The tabulation of land use acreage by traffic zones and census tracts, with the application of Image Based Information System (IBIS) software, has permitted a more systematic verification of the LANDSAT classification. Subsequent tabular data base constructions merged socioeconomic and environmental data with the LANDSAT-derived land use statistics. The application of IBIS software to the data bases permitted the cross-tabulation of population statistics and modeling and …

The Use Of Analysis Of Variance Procedures For Defining Ground Conditions Of Categories Generated In An Automatic Analysis Of Landsat Mss Digital Data, Steven J. Daus, Michael J. Cosentino

LARS Symposia

Increasing pressure is being applied to resource management agencies to inventory the resources under their jurisdiction in order to formulate appropriate management plans. Present inventory procedures are inadequate when considering budget levels and the tremendous areas to be inventoried. It is necessary, then, to develop inventory procedures which provide for detailed ground information over large areas with adequate update capabilities. Inventory methods are now being developed and refined which integrate information from multiple levels of remotely sensed data and ground data in appropriate statistical frameworks.

This paper describes the methods and statistical procedures, an analysis of variance routine (ANOVA), for …

Comparing Soil Boundaries Delineated By Digital Analysis Of Multispectral Scanner Data From High And Low Spatial Resolution Systems, S. J. Kristoff, Marion F. Baumgardner, A. L. Zachary, Eric R. Stoner

LARS Symposia

Aircraft and Landsat data were used with computer-aided techniques to delineate soils patterns of a field of 40 ha in a transition zone between soils developed under deciduous forest and those developed under prairie vegetation. Two computer-aided classification techniques, supervised and nonsupervised, were employed in classifying soils of the study area. The means and covariance matrix statistics were obtained for every cluster or soil class through the statistics algorithm. Each cluster of aircraft and Landsat data was identified and assigned to a specific soil type by correlating the cluster soil patterns with a standard soils map of the test site …

Correlation Of Intensity Variations And False Color Displays Of Multispectral Digital Images, Jorge Burkle, Elias Baron

LARS Symposia

Ground resolution elements seen by a multispectral sensor, may in some cases, consist of mixtures of object categories so that many of the pixels of an image are not characteristic of any category or class. It would be desirable to have a model to represent the combination categories in terms of simpler homogeneous ones and then estimate the corresponding proportions. A method of correlation of intensity variations, may reveal if a given image is representable by a linear mixture model. However, the intensity variation may be due to effects as shadows or variations in the incident light conditions. It is …

Evaluation Of Change Detection Techniques For Monitoring Coastal Zone Environments, R. A. Weismiller, S. J. Kristof, D. K. Scholz, P. E. Anuta, S. M. Momin

LARS Technical Reports

Development of satisfactory techniques for detecting change in coastal zone environments is required before operational monitoring procedures can be established. In an effort to meet this need a study was directed toward developing and evaluating different types of change detection techniques, based upon computer-aided analysis of Landsat multispectral scanner (MSS) data, to monitor these environments.

Four change detection techniques were designed and implemented for evaluation: a) post classification comparison change detection, b) delta data change detection, c) spectrali/temporal change classification, and d) layered spectral/temporal change classification.

The post classification comparison technique reliably identified areas of change and was used as …

A Case Study Using Echo (Extraction And Classification Of Homogeneous Objects) For Analysis Of Multispectral Scanner Data, Donna Scholz, James Russell, John Lindenlaub, Philip Swain

LARS Technical Reports

This Case Study is a component of the LARSYS Educational Package. It is designed to introduce the ECHO processing function which may be implemented on a variety of computer systems. The typical steps in the analysis of remotely-sensed data using ECHO are illustrated through discussion, and illustrative examples and exercises. The exercises have been written for implementation on a computer using LARSYS: however, they may be modified for other analysis systems.

Advancements In Machine-Assisted Analysis Of Multispectral Data For Land Use Applications, Philip H. Swain

LARS Technical Reports

Results are reported of a three-year study participated in by the Laboratory for Applications of Remote Sensing of Purdue University, the Center for Advanced Computation of the University of Illinois, and the Geographic Applications Program of the U. S. Geological Survey. The outcome of the study has been a demonstration of the feasibility of applying digital analysis of satellite data to land use inventory and mapping. Advancements have been made in the areas of data analysis techniques, data processing products, and education and training of personnel within the potential user agency.

Experimental Study Of The Dynamic Response Of Highway Bridges : Interim Report, Peter Karl Kropp

JTRP Technical Reports

No abstract provided.

Multi-Dimensional Clustering For Data Base Organizations, J. H. Liou, S. B. Yao

Department of Computer Science Technical Reports

No abstract provided.

Efficient Recursive Parsing, Christoph M. Hoffmann

Department of Computer Science Technical Reports

No abstract provided.

Real Time Generation Of Min Distance Strings, Peter J. Denning

Department of Computer Science Technical Reports

No abstract provided.

Evaluation Of Numerical Methods For Elliptic Partial Differential Equations, Elias N. Houstis, Robert E. Lynch, T. S. Papatheodorou, J. R. Rice

Department of Computer Science Technical Reports

No abstract provided.

The Terminal Process, Kevin E. Kolis, John B. Lohse, Peter Radtke, Robert Sedlemeyer, Ronald D. Bedford

Department of Computer Science Technical Reports

No abstract provided.

Predicting The Number Of Bugs Expected In A Program Module, Linda M. Ottenstein, Victor B. Schneider, Maurice H. Halstead

Department of Computer Science Technical Reports

No abstract provided.

A Hierarchical Access Model For Data Base Organizations, S. B. Yao

Department of Computer Science Technical Reports

No abstract provided.

The Quick Instructional System, Sharon Fletcher

Department of Computer Science Technical Reports

No abstract provided.

Experiments With Computer Aided Self-Paced Instruction For Mathematical Programming Education, Thomas Ho, A. Ravindran, Arthur Sinensky

Department of Computer Science Technical Reports

No abstract provided.